Horizontal equipotential dual-channel tip-replaceable discharging device

Abstract

The invention discloses a horizontal equipotential dual-channel tip-replaceable discharging device, which comprises a mounting base, an equipotential metal plate, a metal mounting plate, a metal threaded rod, a direct-current power supply, a threaded rod driving device and a plurality of replaceable metal components with different curvature radiuses, the insulating handle is rotated to drive the metal threaded rod so that the replaceable metal component can advance or retreat, the distance between the equipotential metal plate and the replaceable metal component connected through the metal threaded rod can be changed, and the thickness of punctured air can be read through reading of the insulating plate structure provided with scale marks / size marks. The relation between the discharge intensity and the change of the air thickness is obtained, and the relation between the discharge phenomenon and the conductor shape is explored by replacing replaceable metal components in different shapes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of physical electricity technology, and in particular to a horizontal equipotential dual-channel discharge device with replaceable tips. Background Art

[0002] Tip discharge is a high-voltage discharge phenomenon that has wide practical applications in air purification, sewage treatment, lightning protection and other fields. Its formation principle involves the distribution law of charge on the surface of isolated conductors, the relationship between the field strength near the conductor surface and the charge surface density, and other knowledge. It is difficult for students or the public to understand the tip discharge phenomenon.

[0003] Conventional devices for observing discharge phenomena require a 10,000-volt high-voltage generator as an aid and use alternating current, which poses a huge risk to the personal safety of researchers. In addition, conventional devices for observing discharge phenomena can only observe the discharge phenomenon of pointed-type conductors and cannot replace conductors of different shapes for comparative tests. They also cannot directly measure the thickness of the penetrated air, making it difficult to explore the relationship between the discharge phenomenon and the change in air thickness. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a horizontal equipotential dual-channel discharge device with replaceable tips to overcome the above technical problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A horizontal equipotential dual-channel replaceable tip discharge device, comprising a mounting base, an equipotential metal plate, a metal mounting plate, a metal threaded rod, a DC power supply, and a plurality of replaceable metal components with different curvature radii;

[0007] A cavity structure for accommodating a boost module connected to a DC power supply is provided inside the mounting base;

[0008] A first connecting groove structure and a second connecting groove structure are provided at two ends of the mounting base, and both are connected to the cavity structure;

[0009] The equipotential metal plate is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting base through a first connecting groove structure;

[0010] The metal mounting plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the mounting base through the second connecting groove structure, and the output end of the boost module is connected to the equipotential metal plate and the bottom end of the metal mounting plate respectively;

[0011] The metal mounting plate is provided with a first threaded connection hole structure and a second threaded connection hole structure;

[0012] The metal threaded rod comprises a first threaded rod and a second threaded rod, and the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod are rotatably connected to the metal mounting plate through a first threaded connection hole structure and a second threaded connection hole structure respectively;

[0013] One end of the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod are respectively connected to replaceable metal components with the same or different curvature radius, and the other end is provided with a threaded rod driving device, which drives the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod to reciprocate relative to the metal mounting plate to adjust the air thickness between the replaceable metal components and the equipotential metal plates.

[0014] Further, it also includes an insulating board structure;

[0015] A clamping groove structure is provided on one side of the metal mounting plate, the insulating plate structure is connected to the metal mounting plate through the clamping groove structure, and the insulating plate structure is arranged on the top of the mounting base;

[0016] Furthermore, the insulating plate structure, the metal threaded rod and the mounting base are arranged in parallel.

[0017] Further, the insulating plate structure is provided with scale lines / size markings;

[0018] The scale lines / size marks are groove structures provided on the insulating plate structure, and the upper end surface of the groove structure is flush with the outer surface of the insulating plate structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the threaded rod driving device includes an insulating turntable and an insulating handle fixedly mounted on one side of the insulating turntable;

[0020] The other side of the insulating turntable is fixedly connected to the metal threaded rod, and the straight line where the center of the insulating turntable is located coincides with the straight line where the center of the metal threaded rod is located.

[0021] Further, the replaceable metal component includes a cylindrical connecting body and a metal component;

[0022] The cylindrical connecting body is detachably connected to the metal component via threads;

[0023] And the metal component at least includes a cone structure, a spherical structure, a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a cube structure and a semi-ellipsoidal structure.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a horizontal equipotential dual-channel discharge device with replaceable tips. By utilizing a voltage regulating module to convert low-voltage direct current into high-voltage direct current, direct current is used instead of alternating current to greatly reduce safety risks. By replacing metal components of different shapes for comparative tests, the relationship between discharge priority and conductor shape is studied. By reading the scale lines / size markings of the insulating plate structure, the thickness of the penetrated air can be directly measured, and the relationship between the discharge phenomenon and the change of the air thickness can be explored. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to use, and can clearly and quickly observe the discharge phenomenon, has a low safety risk, and can observe and study the relationship between tip discharge and the change of air thickness, conductor shape and potential difference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the discharge device with horizontal equipotential dual channels and replaceable tips of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the mounting base in this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a replaceable metal component in this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the metal component in this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement between the insulating plate structure and the metal component in this embodiment.

[0031] In the figure: 1. mounting base; 11. first connection groove structure; 12. second connection groove structure; 13. cavity structure; 2. equipotential metal plate; 3. metal mounting plate; 31. first threaded connection hole structure; 32. second threaded connection hole structure; 4. metal threaded rod; 41. first threaded rod; 42. second threaded rod; 5. DC power supply; 6. replaceable metal component; 61. cylindrical connection body; 62. metal component; 7. threaded rod driving device; 71. insulating turntable; 72. insulating handle; 8. insulating plate structure; 81. groove structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] This embodiment provides a horizontal equipotential dual-channel discharge device with replaceable tips, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes a mounting base 1, an equipotential metal plate 2, a metal mounting plate 3, a metal threaded rod 4, a DC power supply 5, and a plurality of replaceable metal components 6 with different curvature radii; specifically, as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the replaceable metal component 6 includes a cylindrical connecting body 61 and a metal component 62; the cylindrical connecting body 61 is detachably connected to the metal component 62 through a thread; and the metal component 62 includes at least a cone structure, a sphere structure, a cuboid structure, a cube structure and a semi-ellipsoid structure, and different conductor shapes correspond to different curvature radii and charge distributions, so as to explore the influence of different conductor shapes on the tip discharge phenomenon;

[0034] The mounting base 1 has a cavity structure 13 for accommodating a boost module connected to the DC power supply 5, and the mounting base 1 is provided with a positive and negative electrode interface 14 for connecting to the boost module, and is connected to the DC power supply 5 through a wire; a first connection slot structure 11 and a second connection slot structure 12 are provided at both ends of the mounting base 1, and are both connected to the cavity structure 13;

[0035] The equipotential metal plate 2 is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting base 1 through the first connecting groove structure 11;

[0036] The metal mounting plate 3 is fixedly connected to the other end of the mounting base 1 through the second connecting groove structure 12, and the output end of the boost module is soldered to the equipotential metal plate 2 and the bottom end of the metal mounting plate 3 respectively;

[0037] The present embodiment further includes an insulating plate structure 8; a snap-in groove structure is provided on one side of the metal mounting plate 3, the insulating plate structure 8 is connected to the metal mounting plate 3 through the snap-in groove structure, and the insulating plate structure 8 is arranged at the top of the mounting base 1; the insulating plate structure 8, the metal threaded rod 4 and the mounting base 1 are arranged in parallel, and the insulating plate structure 8 is provided with a scale line / size mark; the scale line / size mark is a groove structure 81 provided on the insulating plate structure 8, and the upper end surface of the groove structure 81 is flush with the outer surface of the insulating plate structure 8;

[0038] Preferably, the equipotential metal plate 2 and the metal mounting plate 3 are both rectangular structures, and the thickness of the equipotential metal plate 2 is smaller than the thickness of the metal mounting plate 3;

[0039] The metal mounting plate 3 is provided with a first threaded connection hole structure 31 and a second threaded connection hole structure 32; the metal threaded rod 4 includes a first threaded rod 41 and a second threaded rod 42, and the first threaded rod 41 and the second threaded rod 42 are rotatably connected to the metal mounting plate 3 through the first threaded connection hole structure 31 and the second threaded connection hole structure 32 respectively;

[0040] One end of the first threaded rod 41 and the second threaded rod 42 are respectively connected to a replaceable metal component 6 with the same or different curvature radius, and the other end is provided with a threaded rod driving device 7; specifically, the threaded rod driving device 7 includes an insulating turntable 71 and an insulating handle 72 fixedly installed on one side of the insulating turntable 71; and the other side of the insulating turntable 71 is fixedly connected to the metal threaded rod 4, and the straight line where the center of the insulating turntable 71 is located coincides with the straight line where the center of the metal threaded rod 4 is located;

[0041] The first threaded rod 41 and the second threaded rod 42 are driven to reciprocate relative to the metal mounting plate 3 by the threaded rod driving device 7 , so as to adjust the air thickness between the replaceable metal component 6 and the equipotential metal plate 2 .

[0042] In this embodiment, the replaceable metal component can be moved forward or backward by rotating the insulating handle to drive the metal threaded rod, so as to change the distance between the equipotential metal plate and the replaceable metal component connected by the metal threaded rod, and the thickness of the air that is broken down can be read out by reading the insulating plate structure with scale lines / size markings, and the relationship between the intensity of discharge and the change of air thickness can be obtained. By replacing replaceable metal components of different shapes, the relationship between the discharge phenomenon and the shape of the conductor is explored. In addition, by adjusting the voltage of the external DC power supply, the change of discharge with the voltage can also be observed.

[0043] This embodiment also includes a method for implementing a discharge device based on a horizontal equipotential dual-channel replaceable tip, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] S1: Turn on the DC power supply 5, and input low-voltage DC power to the boost module inside the mounting base 1 through the positive and negative power interfaces 14. The boost module is a known product, and its product structure and corresponding circuit principle structure are not the invention of this application, and will not be described here;

[0045] S2: Convert the low voltage DC power into high voltage DC power through the boost module, and transmit it to the equipotential metal plate 2 and the metal mounting plate 3 respectively;

[0046] S3: transmitting high voltage direct current to the first threaded rod 41 and the second threaded rod 42 respectively through the metal mounting plate 3, so that the replaceable metal component 6 connected to the first threaded rod 41 and the second threaded rod 42 is charged;

[0047] This causes a potential difference to be formed between the replaceable metal component 6 and the equipotential metal plate 2, and discharge occurs by breaking through the air layer;

[0048] S4: driving the first threaded rod 41 or the second threaded rod 42 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the metal threaded rod 4 by the threaded rod driving device 7 to adjust the distance between the replaceable metal component 6 and the equipotential metal plate 2 to observe the change of the tip discharge phenomenon with respect to the breakdown of the air thickness;

[0049] The specific method for observing the tip discharge phenomenon with respect to the change of the breakdown air thickness is:

[0050] S41: defining the replaceable metal component 6 connected to the first threaded rod 41 or the second threaded rod 42 as a first component and a second component respectively;

[0051] When the distance between the top of the first component and the top of the second component and the equipotential metal plate 2 is equal, the DC power supply 5 is turned on, and electric sparks are observed between the first component or the second component and the equipotential metal plate 2, accompanied by crackling sounds;

[0052] Assume that an electric spark occurs between the first component and the equipotential metal plate 2;

[0053] S42: By increasing the output voltage of the DC power supply 5, the brightness of the electric spark between the first component and the equipotential metal plate 2 increases, and the crackling sound intensifies;

[0054] S43: through the threaded rod driving device 7, the distance between the second component and the equipotential metal plate 2 is smaller than that of the first component, so as to ensure that the first component is discharged and the second component is not discharged;

[0055] S44: The threaded rod driving device 7 is used to drive the first component to gradually move away from the equipotential metal plate 2, and the brightness of the electric spark is reduced and the crackling sound is weakened, until there is no spark between the first component and the equipotential metal plate 2, and sparks appear between the second component and the equipotential metal plate 2, accompanied by crackling sounds.

[0056] In this embodiment, the whole process of the lightning rod working in thunderstorm weather can be simulated. The replaceable metal tip (first component) is equivalent to the lightning rod, the replaceable metal sphere (second component) is equivalent to the building, the equipotential metal plate 2 is equivalent to the high-voltage cloud layer, and the metal mounting plate 3 is equivalent to the earth. When there is a high voltage output, it is equivalent to a high potential difference between the cloud layer and the earth. When the distance between the replaceable metal tip and the equipotential metal plate 2 is equal to the distance between the replaceable metal sphere and the equipotential metal plate 2, or the distance between the tip and the equipotential metal plate 2 is slightly farther than the distance between the sphere and the equipotential metal plate 2, the tip discharges first, which means that the tip is protecting the sphere, which is equivalent to the lightning rod working and protecting the building; when the distance between the tip and the equipotential metal plate 2 is much farther than the distance between the sphere and the equipotential metal plate 2, the sphere begins to discharge, which means that the tip is farther than other conductors to a certain distance, and the tip discharge phenomenon disappears, indicating that the protection of the lightning rod to the building is limited, and then the relationship between the discharge phenomenon and the change of air thickness can be explored.

[0057] In summary, the beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

[0058] The device of the present invention can realize the observation of the working phenomenon of the lightning rod under different voltages, and explains why the lightning rod can protect buildings from lightning disasters in life; by designing the metal tip and metal sphere that can move forward and backward, the limit of the tip protecting other conductors can be observed; by placing the boost module in the device, the high-voltage generator is replaced, making the device more convenient to carry. The present invention is convenient for users to explore the influence of different conductor shapes on the tip discharge phenomenon by setting a replaceable metal component. This embodiment can directly measure the thickness of the air penetrated by the insulating plate structure with a scale, and explore the relationship between the discharge phenomenon and the change of the air thickness. The input of the power supply voltage in this embodiment can be adjusted by the laboratory commonly used adjustable DC power supply to input different voltages, or by connecting different numbers of dry batteries to input different voltages, and then the voltage is increased by the voltage regulating module to observe the sequence and intensity of discharge under different voltages; by turning the insulating handle, the metal threaded rod drives the replaceable metal component forward or backward, thereby observing the replaceable metal component at different air layer thicknesses from the equipotential metal plate, and the air is penetrated to appear a thin light beam discharge phenomenon similar to lightning. This device has a novel design, complete functions, intuitive phenomena, and is safe to use. It can not only clearly reflect the working principle of lightning rods and explore the influencing factors of tip discharge phenomena, and explain the principle of lightning rods protecting surrounding buildings from lightning strikes; it can also explore the effects of different conductor shapes, different air thicknesses, and different potential differences on discharge phenomena, which can easily arouse students' interest in learning and can be promoted to school classrooms, science and technology museums, and family science demonstrations.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal equipotential dual-channel discharge device with replaceable tips, characterized in that: It comprises a mounting base (1), an equipotential metal plate (2), a metal mounting plate (3), a metal threaded rod (4), a DC power supply (5), and a plurality of replaceable metal components (6) with different curvature radii; A cavity structure (13) for accommodating a boost module connected to a DC power source (5) is provided inside the mounting base (1); A first connection groove structure (11) and a second connection groove structure (12) are provided at both ends of the installation base (1), and both are connected to the cavity structure (13); The equipotential metal plate (2) is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting base (1) via a first connecting groove structure (11); The metal mounting plate (3) is fixedly connected to the other end of the mounting base (1) via a second connecting groove structure (12), and the output end of the boost module is respectively connected to the bottom end of the equipotential metal plate (2) and the metal mounting plate (3); The metal mounting plate (3) is provided with a first threaded connection hole structure (31) and a second threaded connection hole structure (32); The metal threaded rod (4) comprises a first threaded rod (41) and a second threaded rod (42), and the first threaded rod (41) and the second threaded rod (42) are rotatably connected to the metal mounting plate (3) through a first threaded connection hole structure (31), a second threaded connection hole structure (32), and a metal mounting plate (3) respectively; One end of the first threaded rod (41) and the second threaded rod (42) are respectively connected to replaceable metal components (6) with the same or different curvature radii, and the other end is provided with a threaded rod driving device (7), and the threaded rod driving device (7) is used to drive the first threaded rod (41) and the second threaded rod (42) to reciprocate relative to the metal mounting plate (3) to adjust the air thickness between the replaceable metal component (6) and the equipotential metal plate (2).

2. A horizontal equipotential dual-channel replaceable tip discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes an insulating plate structure (8); A snap-fit ​​groove structure is provided on one side of the metal mounting plate (3), the insulating plate structure (8) is connected to the metal mounting plate (3) via the snap-fit ​​groove structure, and the insulating plate structure (8) is arranged on the top of the mounting base (1); Furthermore, the insulating plate structure (8), the metal threaded rod (4) and the mounting base (1) are arranged in parallel.

3. A horizontal equipotential dual-channel replaceable tip discharge device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insulating plate structure (8) is provided with scale lines / size markings; The scale line / size mark is a groove structure (81) provided on the insulating plate structure (8), and the upper end surface of the groove structure (81) is flush with the outer surface of the insulating plate structure (8).

4. A horizontal equipotential dual-channel discharge device with replaceable tips according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threaded rod driving device (7) comprises an insulating rotary disk (71) and an insulating handle (72) fixedly mounted on one side of the insulating rotary disk (71); The other side of the insulating turntable (71) is fixedly connected to the metal threaded rod (4), and the straight line where the center of the insulating turntable (71) is located coincides with the straight line where the center of the metal threaded rod (4) is located.

5. A horizontal equipotential dual-channel discharge device with replaceable tips according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replaceable metal component (6) comprises a cylindrical connecting body (61) and a metal component (62); The cylindrical connecting body (61) is detachably connected to the metal component (62) via threads; Furthermore, the metal component (62) at least includes a cone structure, a sphere structure, a cuboid structure, a cube structure and a semi-ellipsoid structure.

6. A horizontal equipotential dual-channel discharge device with replaceable tips according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipotential metal plate (2) and the metal mounting plate (3) are both rectangular structures; Furthermore, the thickness of the equipotential metal plate (2) is smaller than the thickness of the metal mounting plate (3).

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