Cantilever stator motor

Abstract

The invention provides a cantilever stator motor, and belongs to the field of motors, the cantilever stator motor comprises a stator core and a rotor which rotate relatively, the back of the rotor is provided with a back magnetic structure, one end of the stator core is fixed on a shell, the other end of the stator core overhangs to form a cantilever facing the rotor, and the rotor back magnetic structure faces the other surface of the rotor. A concentrated winding is arranged on the outer ring of the stator core, a plurality of axial magnetic steels are uniformly distributed on the rotor, or only a plurality of radial magnetic steels are uniformly distributed on the rotor, or both the axial magnetic steels and the radial magnetic steels are arranged, the axial magnetic steels are arranged corresponding to the end part of the stator core, and the radial magnetic steels are arranged on the outer ring of one end, close to the axial magnetic steels, of the stator core. And the back magnetic structure is arranged on the other side of the rotor, which is not opposite to the stator iron core, and is also arranged on the shell. The motor is high in efficiency, the winding is convenient to disassemble, replace and install, and the motor can run at a high speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of drive sources, relates to a motor, and in particular to a cantilever stator motor. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the advancement of technology, higher and higher requirements have been put forward for mechanical drives. Automobiles, mechanical processing, machine tool drives, drones, and especially new energy vehicles tend to be driven by electric motors. The share of hydraulic drives and internal combustion engine drives is decreasing day by day, and they are gradually replaced by electric motor drives. With the large-scale use of permanent magnet motors in new energy vehicles and drones, and the huge use of rare earth resources in permanent magnet motors, rare earth permanent magnet materials are decreasing day by day. Due to concerns about resource depletion, calls for the use of rare earth-free motors have also emerged.

[0003] Ordinary axial magnetic field and radial magnetic field motors cannot enter the field of mainstream motors due to their complex structure, high manufacturing process requirements, high cost, low efficiency, and difficulty in promotion.

[0004] In high-efficiency permanent magnet synchronous motors, high-performance NdFeB magnetic materials are often used. Therefore, ordinary permanent magnet synchronous motors and permanent magnet NdFeB magnets are important parts of the cost. In ordinary high-efficiency permanent magnet synchronous motors, the rotor is often made of silicon steel sheets. The laminated silicon steel sheet structure with NdFeB magnets embedded in the rotor has limited mechanical strength and is not easy to be used in the field of high-speed and ultra-high-speed motors. Summary of the invention

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cantilever stator motor, which solves the problems in the background technology and adopts a unique back magnetic structure to improve the motor efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a cantilever stator motor, comprising a stator core and a rotor that rotate relatively, one end of the stator core is fixed on a housing, and the other end is cantilevered to form a cantilever structure, the outer ring of the stator core is provided with a concentrated winding, and the other side of the rotor that does not face the stator core has a back magnetic structure, the back magnetic structure is arranged on the housing, and in the back magnetic structure, magnetic conductive material blocks and non-magnetic conductive functional material blocks are staggered;

[0007] The electromagnetic phase deviation angle between the non-magnetic conductive material and the indirectly facing stator core is α, and the value range of α is 0-120 degrees.

[0008] Furthermore, non-magnetic conductive functional material blocks are provided on the back magnetic structure, and one of the non-magnetic conductive functional material blocks is a non-magnetic conductive material, including air.

[0009] Furthermore, a non-magnetic conductive functional material block is provided on the back magnetic structure, and the non-magnetic conductive functional material block in the back magnetic structure may also be a permanent magnet steel having a polarity opposite to that of the rotor magnet steel.

[0010] Furthermore, a non-magnetic functional material block is provided on the back magnetic structure. The non-magnetic functional material block in the back magnetic structure is a permanent magnet with a polarity opposite to that of the rotor magnet, or an electromagnetic pole whose electromagnetic excitation pole is opposite to that of the rotor magnet.

[0011] Furthermore, the electric excitation pole connects the excitation current to the excitation winding through the brush and the conductive slip ring to form an electromagnetic pole.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotor is a cup-shaped structure, the stator core is extended into the rotor and arranged close to the inner wall of the rotor, a plurality of axial magnetic steels are inlaid and distributed on the rotor, the axial magnetic steels are arranged corresponding to the ends of the stator core, and a plurality of radial magnetic steels are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the rotor circumference, and a concentrated winding is fixed on the outer ring of the stator core, and the axial magnetic circuit is composed of the left-end magnetic conductive plate, the left-end axial magnetic conductive strip, the right-end axial magnetic conductive strip, and the axial back magnetic conductive plate; the radial magnetic circuit is composed of the left-end magnetic conductive plate, the left-end axial magnetic conductive strip, the right-end axial magnetic conductive strip, and the radial back magnetic conductive block; the radial back magnetic conductive block is arranged on the inner side of the right-end axial magnetic conductive strip, and the arrangement of the radial back magnetic conductive block transforms the axial magnetic circuit into a radial magnetic circuit to form a radial magnetic field.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the left end magnetic conductive plate away from the stator core abuts against the inner circle of one end of the left end axial magnetic conductive strip, and both are fitted with the inner wall of the left end cover, the other end of the left end axial magnetic conductive strip is connected to one end of the right end axial magnetic conductive strip, and the other end inner circle of the right end axial magnetic conductive strip abuts against one end of the axial back magnetic conductive plate, and both are fitted with the inner wall of the right end cover.

[0014] Furthermore, when the rotor axial magnetic steel and the rotor radial magnetic steel are staggered, the phase difference between the two is 180 degrees. In this case, the polarities of the rotor axial magnetic steel and the rotor radial magnetic steel are opposite. When the rotor axial magnetic steel and the rotor radial magnetic steel are distributed in the same direction, the phase difference between the two is 0. In this case, the polarities of the rotor axial magnetic steel and the rotor radial magnetic steel are the same.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotor is axially fixed on the transmission shaft through a shoulder structure, and is axially fixed through a locking washer, a clamping nut and a clearance adjustment washer. The transmission shaft rotates relative to the housing through angular contact bearings arranged in pairs.

[0016] Furthermore, the magnet structure in the shell is fixed by laser welding or high-strength adhesive.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects.

[0018] 1. The unique back magnetic structure of the present invention can partially regulate the induced voltage phase of the motor, thereby achieving higher efficiency, especially by connecting the excitation current to the rotor electromagnetic poles and the electromagnetic poles in the back magnetic structure, and using a very mature electronic switch circuit, the induced voltage of the motor can be further regulated from a more intelligent perspective, thereby further improving the performance of the motor, and the efficiency can be increased by 10%-30%;

[0019] 2. In the present invention, the permanent magnet steel manufactured by replacing rare earth materials with electromagnetic poles can completely avoid the use of rare earth materials, thereby fundamentally preventing many problems caused by the depletion of rare earth resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cantilever stator motor of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotor and the rotor axial magnetic steel, the rotor radial magnetic steel and the radial back magnetic structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the orientation of the rotor axial magnetic steel and the axial non-magnetic conductive functional material block of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the stator core connecting ring of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the rotor electromagnetic poles of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] 1. Stator core; 2. Rotor axial magnetic steel; 3. Rotor radial magnetic steel; 4. Axial back non-magnetic conductive functional material block; 5. Radial back non-magnetic conductive functional material block; 6. Rotor; 7. Stator core connecting ring; 8. Concentrated winding; 9. Left end magnetic conductive plate; 10. Axial back magnetic conductive plate; 11. Radial back magnetic conductive block; 12. Left end axial magnetic conductive strip; 13. Right end axial magnetic conductive strip; 14. Transmission shaft; 15. Angular contact bearing; 16. Left end cover; 17. Right end cover; 18. Anti-loosening washer; 19. Pressing nut; 20. Gap adjustment pad; 21. Rubber insulating washer; 22. Fastening bolt; 23. Stator core connecting ring fastening screw; 24. Electromagnetic pole core; 25. Excitation winding; 26. Brush; 27. Conductive slip ring; 28. Connecting wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0031] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Cantilever stator motor is a type of motor. The stator in its structure is similar to a magnet. It is the stationary part of the motor and one of the important parts of the motor. Cantilever stator motor relies on the surrounding magnetic field to generate motion. Its structure and principle are simple and easy to use. Therefore, it is widely used in the fields of electricity, machinery, metallurgy, etc.

[0033] The principle of the cantilever stator motor is mainly based on electromagnetic induction, that is, under the action of a magnetic field, electric charges will be acted upon by a force. For example, when a current passes through a conductor, the conductor will be acted upon by a force under the action of the magnetic field, thereby generating mechanical motion. Therefore, a magnetic field force is generated between the stator and the rotor in the cantilever stator motor, thereby generating mechanical motion.

[0034] The one-phase winding of the motor is closed, and the magnetic flux in the space it encloses (mainly the magnetic field in the air gap) is called the main magnetic flux of the phase winding. When the phase currents in the motor change, or the spatial positions of the phase currents change (for example, the rotor rotates), the magnetic flux in the phase winding will change, and according to the law of electromagnetic induction, an electromotive force will be generated in this winding. Usually, the direction of the electromotive force is opposite to the reference direction of the current, so it is called back electromotive force.

[0035] In the motor structure, the air gap must exist. The air gap is part of the magnetic circuit and also the ventilation structure of the motor. The stator and the rotor rotate relative to each other, so there must be a certain gap between them to ensure that the rotor does not rub against the stator when rotating, causing the bore to be swept and the motor to burn. The size of the air gap is strictly required. If it is too small, the bore is prone to be swept, which may cause the motor to heat up or burn out. If the air gap is too large, the efficiency of the motor will be reduced, affecting the motor's work.

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a cantilever stator motor comprises a stator core 1 and a rotor 6 which rotate relatively, one end of the stator core is fixed on the shell, and the other end is cantilevered to form a cantilever facing the rotor 6, and the back magnetic structure faces the other side of the rotor, and a non-magnetic conductive functional material block is provided on the back magnetic structure to face the rotor and indirectly face the stator core, that is, the other side of the rotor 6 of the motor which does not face the stator core 1 has a back magnetic structure, and the back magnetic structure is provided on the shell, and the magnetic conductive material blocks and the non-magnetic conductive functional material blocks are staggered in the back magnetic structure.

[0037] A non-magnetic functional material block is provided on the back magnetic structure. The non-magnetic functional material block can be a non-magnetic material, including air. The non-magnetic functional material block in the back magnetic structure can be a permanent magnet with a polarity opposite to that of the rotor magnet, or it can be an electromagnetic pole, and its electromagnetic excitation pole is opposite to the polarity of the rotor magnet.

[0038] More preferably, although the non-magnetic functional material and the indirectly facing stator core 1 are basically the same in shape, their centers do not necessarily coincide, and the non-coincidence phase deviation angle is α, and the numerical range of α is 0-120 degrees. The smaller the angle α is, the greater its electromagnetic driving force is, and it can be used as a motor; the larger the angle α is, the greater its induced voltage is, and it can be used as a generator.

[0039] The non-magnetic conductive functional material block faces the positioning iron core 1, so that the induced voltage phase of the motor can be adjusted, thereby obtaining a higher efficiency.

[0040] By placing permanent magnets or electromagnetic poles with opposite polarity to the rotor at the location of the non-magnetic functional material block, the phase of the induced voltage generated by the rotor magnetic poles on the outer ring concentrated winding of the stator core 1 can be further controlled, so that the efficiency is further improved.

[0041] The back magnetic structure is staggered with blocks of magnetic conductive materials and blocks of non-magnetic conductive functional materials. The axial back magnetic structure is composed of: a space for non-magnetic conductive functional materials is dug out on the axial back magnetic conductive plate. The axial back magnetic conductive plate is the magnetic conductive material part of the back magnetic structure. The dug out space can be directly used as a "non-magnetic conductive functional material block". The air is also a non-magnetic conductive functional material. The dug out space can also be used to place permanent magnets with opposite polarity to the rotor poles, or to place electric excitation poles. The electromagnetic poles are easier to control the magnetic field of the electromagnetic poles with electronic switch tubes, thereby achieving better results.

[0042] The radial back magnetic structure is composed of: the radial back magnetic conductive block is connected with the right end axial magnetic conductive strip as a magnetic conductive material block to form a magnetic conductive magnetic circuit; the non-magnetic conductive functional material block is composed of the shell and the gap between the shell and the rotor radially to form a "non-magnetic conductive functional material block", in which the shell is a non-magnetic conductive functional material. Permanent magnet steel or electric excitation magnetic poles can be placed in the gap between the shell and the rotor radially like the axial back magnetic structure, and its function is also the same as the axial back magnetic structure.

[0043] The magnetic poles of each stator core have the same direction, and the stator cores can be connected by a stator core connecting ring. The stator core connecting ring also fixes the concentrated winding of the outer ring of the positioning core by pressing the rubber insulating gasket. The stator core connecting ring can be made of magnetic conductive material.

[0044] The rotor of the cantilever stator motor of the present application may have only axial magnetic poles, in which case there is an axial back magnetic structure corresponding to it, or may have only radial magnetic poles, in which case there is a radial back magnetic structure corresponding to it, or may have both axial magnetic poles and radial magnetic poles, in which case there is both an axial back magnetic structure and a radial back magnetic structure.

[0045] The rotor of the cantilever stator motor with both axial magnetic poles and radial magnetic poles can have axial magnetic steel and radial magnetic steel arranged alternately, and the phase difference formed by the two kinds of magnetic steel is 180 degrees. Therefore, in this case, the polarity of the axial magnetic steel and the radial magnetic steel is opposite.

[0046] If the rotor with both axial magnetic poles and radial magnetic poles is set in the same direction, the phase difference formed by the two types of magnetic steel is 0 degree, so in this case, the polarity of the axial magnetic steel and the radial magnetic steel is the same.

[0047] Using very mature technologies such as brushes and conductive slip rings, the excitation current can be connected to the windings of the electromagnetic poles on the rotor. The magnetic poles on the rotor can then become electromagnetic poles, and the electromagnetic poles can also provide the magnetic field required by the rotor magnetic poles. The excitation current can also be further controlled by electronic switching circuits to achieve higher motor efficiency than permanent magnet poles.

[0048] Preferably, the rotor 6 is a cup-shaped structure, the stator core 1 is extended into the rotor 6 and arranged close to the inner wall of the rotor 6, a plurality of axial magnetic steels 2 are inlaid and distributed on the rotor 6, the axial magnetic steels 2 are arranged corresponding to the ends of the stator core 1, and a plurality of radial magnetic steels 3 are evenly distributed on the circumferential outer wall of the rotor 6. When the axial magnetic steels 2 and the radial magnetic steels 3 are arranged alternately, the polarities of the two are opposite, and a concentrated winding 8 is fixed on the outer ring of the stator core 1. The axial magnetic circuit is composed of a left-end magnetic conductive plate 9, a left-end axial magnetic conductive strip 12, a right-end axial magnetic conductive strip 13, and an axial back magnetic conductive plate 10; the radial magnetic circuit is composed of the left-end magnetic conductive plate 9, the left-end axial magnetic conductive strip 12, the right-end axial magnetic conductive strip 13, and a radial back magnetic conductive block 11; the radial back magnetic conductive block 11 is arranged on the inner side of the right-end axial magnetic conductive strip 13, and the setting of the radial back magnetic conductive block 11 converts the axial magnetic circuit into a radial magnetic circuit to form a radial magnetic field.

[0049] The left end magnetic conductive plate 9 and the axial back magnetic conductive plate 10 are arranged correspondingly in the axial direction. The left end magnetic conductive plate 9 is arranged on the side close to the left end cover 16, and the axial back magnetic conductive plate 10 is arranged on the side close to the right end cover 17. The left end cover 16 and the right end cover 17 are fixedly connected by fastening bolts 22 to form a shell structure.

[0050] The end of the left end magnetic conductive plate 9 away from the stator core 1 is abutted against the inner circle of one end of the left end axial magnetic conductive strip 12, and both are in contact with the inner wall of the left end cover 16. The shell is regarded as a cylinder, and the side close to the axis of the transmission shaft 14 is defined as the inner circle. The other end of the left end axial magnetic conductive strip 12 is connected to one end of the right end axial magnetic conductive strip 13, and the other end inner circle of the right end axial magnetic conductive strip 13 abuts against one end of the axial back magnetic conductive plate 10, and both are in contact with the inner wall of the right end cover 17.

[0051] More preferably, the concentrated winding 8 is positioned by the stator core connecting ring 7 through the rubber insulating gasket 21 and is tightened by the stator core connecting ring fastening screws 23. The stator core connecting ring 7 is a polygonal plum blossom structure, and a avoidance hole is provided in the middle for the transmission shaft 14 to pass through. The stator core connecting ring fastening screws 23 are arranged in the middle of the polygonal protruding area.

[0052] More preferably, the rotor 6 is made of 316 material as an integral structure, and may also be made of other high-strength non-magnetic steel materials.

[0053] like Figure 1As shown, multiple stator cores 1 are fixed to the left end cover 16 by laser welding or high-strength adhesive, concentrated windings 8 are installed on the stator cores 1, and the left-end magnetic conductive plate 9 is also fixed to the left end cover 16 by laser welding or high-strength adhesive. The left-end axial magnetic guide strip 12 is also fixed to the left end cover 16 by laser welding or high-strength adhesive. The left-end axial magnetic guide strip 12 is perpendicular to the end face of the left end cover 16. An angular contact bearing 15 is also installed on the left end cover 16 to realize the rotation of the transmission shaft 14 relative to the left end cover 16.

[0054] The axial back magnetic conductive plate 10 is fixed to the end face of the right end cover 17 by laser welding or high-strength adhesive. Like the left end cover 16, the right end axial magnetic conductive strip 13 is also fixed in the axial groove of the right end cover 17 by laser welding or high-strength adhesive. A radial back magnetic conductive block 11 is provided on the inner side of the right end axial magnetic conductive strip 13 near one end of the left end axial magnetic conductive strip 12. The radial back magnetic conductive block 11 is also fixed by laser welding or high-strength adhesive. An angular contact bearing 15 is also installed on the right end cover 17 to realize the rotation of the transmission shaft 14 relative to the right end cover 17.

[0055] A transmission shaft 14 is provided inside the shell formed by the left end cover 16 and the right end cover 17. The rotor 6 is fixed on the transmission shaft 14 and rotates with the transmission shaft 14. The axial positioning of the rotor 6 is achieved on one side of the rotor 6 through the shoulder structure of the transmission shaft 14. An anti-loosening washer 18, a clamping nut 19 and a clearance adjustment washer 20 are provided in sequence on the other side of the transmission shaft 14 to ensure that the rotor 6 will not loosen when rotating, thereby ensuring that the transmission shaft 14 will not generate axial vibration when rotating.

[0056] A plurality of rotor axial magnets 2 are embedded on the bottom surface of the rotor 6, and a plurality of rotor radial magnets 3 are embedded on the cup-shaped circumferential surface of the rotor 6. The inlaying and fixing of the rotor axial magnets 2 and the rotor radial magnets 3 can be performed by laser welding or high-strength adhesive bonding, or by other methods, as long as the connection reliability of the two parts can be achieved.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, when the rotor axial magnetic steel 2 and the rotor radial magnetic steel 3 are staggered, the phase difference between the two is 180 degrees. In this case, the polarities of the rotor axial magnetic steel 2 and the rotor radial magnetic steel 3 are opposite. When the rotor axial magnetic steel 2 and the rotor radial magnetic steel 3 are distributed in the same direction, the phase difference between the two is 0. In this case, the polarities of the rotor axial magnetic steel 2 and the rotor radial magnetic steel 3 are the same.

[0058] More preferably, the sides of all rotor axial magnets 2 facing the stator core 1 have the same magnetic pole direction.

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5Schematic diagram of rotor electromagnetic poles, that is, the magnetic poles set on the rotor can also be electric excitation magnetic poles. The excitation current is connected to the excitation winding through the brush 26 and the conductive slip ring 27 to form electromagnetic poles. Figure 4 As shown, brushes 26, conductive slip rings 27 and connecting wires 28 can be used to introduce external excitation current into the rotor electromagnetic poles, and the electromagnetic pole core 24 can generate a rotor magnetic pole magnetic field that is superior to the permanent magnetic pole and can be adjusted at any time to achieve higher motor efficiency. At the same time, high efficiency can be achieved without using rare earth permanent magnetic materials.

[0060] Similarly, the axial back non-magnetic functional material 4 and the radial back non-magnetic functional material 5 can be filled with non-magnetic functional materials or not. In this case, the air becomes the non-magnetic functional material, and the space between the axial back non-magnetic functional material 4 and the radial back non-magnetic functional material 5 can also be used to place permanent magnetic materials with opposite polarity to the rotor magnetic steel, such as magnetic steel. The opposite permanent magnetic field makes the efficiency of regulating the rotor induced voltage more efficient than only having non-magnetic functional material blocks.

[0061] The stator cores 1 are connected with stator core connecting rings 7, and the stator core connecting rings 7 can be made of magnetic conductive material.

[0062] In the above structure, the rotor 6 may have only axial magnetic poles, or only radial magnetic poles, or both axial magnetic poles and radial magnetic poles.

[0063] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cantilever stator motor, characterized in that: It comprises a stator core and a rotor which rotate relatively, wherein one end of the stator core is fixed on the housing, and the other end is cantilevered to form a cantilever structure, the outer ring of the stator core is provided with a concentrated winding, and the other side of the rotor which does not face the stator core has a back magnetic structure, which is arranged on the housing, and in the back magnetic structure, magnetic conductive material blocks and non-magnetic conductive functional material blocks are staggeredly distributed; The electromagnetic phase deviation angle between the non-magnetic conductive material and the indirectly facing stator core is α, and the value range of α is 0-120 degrees.

2. A cantilever stator motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A non-magnetic conductive functional material block is arranged on the back magnetic structure. The non-magnetic conductive functional material block is a non-magnetic conductive material, including air.

3. The cantilever stator motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A non-magnetic conductive functional material block is arranged on the back magnetic structure. The non-magnetic conductive functional material block in the back magnetic structure is a permanent magnetic steel having a polarity opposite to that of the rotor magnetic steel.

4. The cantilever stator motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A non-magnetic functional material block is provided on the back magnetic structure. The non-magnetic functional material block in the back magnetic structure is a permanent magnet steel with a polarity opposite to that of the rotor magnet steel, or an electromagnetic pole whose electromagnetic excitation pole is opposite to that of the rotor magnet steel.

5. The cantilever stator motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electric excitation magnetic poles connect the excitation current to the excitation winding through brushes and conductive slip rings to form electromagnetic poles.

6. The cantilever stator motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator cores are connected by stator core connecting rings, and the stator core connecting rings are made of magnetic conductive materials.

7. The cantilever stator motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor of the cantilever stator motor has only axial magnetic poles; or only radial magnetic poles; or both axial and radial magnetic poles.

8. The cantilever stator motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the rotor axial magnetic steel and the rotor radial magnetic steel are staggered, the phase difference between the two is 180 degrees. In this case, the polarities of the rotor axial magnetic steel and the rotor radial magnetic steel are opposite. When the rotor axial magnetic steel and the rotor radial magnetic steel are distributed in the same direction, the phase difference between the two is 0. In this case, the polarities of the rotor axial magnetic steel and the rotor radial magnetic steel are the same.

9. The cantilever stator motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor is a cup-shaped structure, the stator core is extended into the rotor and arranged close to the inner wall of the rotor, a plurality of axial magnetic steels are inlaid and distributed on the rotor, the axial magnetic steels are arranged corresponding to the ends of the stator core, and a plurality of radial magnetic steels are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the rotor circumference; a concentrated winding is fixed on the outer ring of the stator core, and an axial magnetic circuit is formed by a left-end magnetic conductive plate, a left-end axial magnetic conductive strip, a right-end axial magnetic conductive strip, and an axial back magnetic conductive plate; a radial magnetic circuit is formed by a left-end magnetic conductive plate, a left-end axial magnetic conductive strip, a right-end axial magnetic conductive strip, and a radial back magnetic conductive block; the radial back magnetic conductive block is arranged on the inner side of the right-end axial magnetic conductive strip, and the arrangement of the radial back magnetic conductive block transforms the axial magnetic circuit into a radial magnetic circuit to form a radial magnetic field.

10. The cantilever stator motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The end of the left end magnetic conductive plate away from the stator core abuts against the inner circle of one end of the left end axial magnetic conductive strip, and both are in contact with the inner wall of the left end cover, the other end of the left end axial magnetic conductive strip is connected to one end of the right end axial magnetic conductive strip, and the inner circle of the other end of the right end axial magnetic conductive strip abuts against one end of the axial back magnetic conductive plate, and both are in contact with the inner wall of the right end cover.

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