Agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing all-in-one machine and working method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an agricultural waste harvesting, smashing and compressing all-in-one machine and a working method. The all-in-one machine comprises a harvesting mechanism used for harvesting waste, a smashing mechanism and a compressing mechanism. The crushing mechanism comprises a crushing bin as well as a feeding pressing shaft, a spiral chopping cutter and a hammer sheet type crushing cutter which are positioned in the crushing bin, and the feeding pressing shaft, the spiral chopping cutter and the hammer sheet type crushing cutter are sequentially arranged in the waste conveying direction and are rotationally connected with the crushing bin; the compression mechanism comprises a compression bin communicated with the smashing bin, a compression mold disc and a compression rolling wheel are arranged in the compression bin, the compression mold disc is arranged in the middle of the compression bin, a mold hole is formed in the compression mold disc, and the compression rolling wheel is rotationally installed on the compression mold disc. According to the invention, harvesting, crushing and compression treatment of melon seedlings can be efficiently completed, the melon seedlings are converted into biofuel with high added value, and cyclic utilization of resources is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to an agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing integrated machine and a working method. Background Art

[0002] The field of agricultural machinery is a technical field closely related to the planting, management and harvesting of crops. In this field, improving production efficiency and recycling resources are eternal themes. As a by-product of crop growth, the treatment of melon vines (agricultural waste such as straw and corn stalks) is directly related to the sustainability of agricultural production. In the current agricultural production process, the traditional treatment of melon vines will cause about 300 million tons of crop vines to be wasted each year, of which 20% are burned and 80% are directly buried in the soil. After a large number of crop vines were burned in rural areas, the smoke produced caused serious air pollution problems.

[0003] At present, the processing of melon vines mainly relies on manual harvesting and simple mechanical operations. These methods have problems such as low efficiency, high cost and environmental pollution. For example, manual harvesting is not only labor-intensive, but also slow and unsuitable for large-scale operations; while simple mechanical harvesting may not meet the needs of fine processing of melon vines, resulting in low efficiency of subsequent resource utilization. In the prior art, some agricultural machinery can complete basic harvesting tasks, but often lack the ability to further process the melon vines. These machines are usually composed of basic components such as harvesting mechanisms and conveying devices. The working principle is to separate and collect the melon vines from the field through mechanical force, but does not involve the crushing and compression of the melon vines. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing all-in-one machine and working method, which can efficiently complete the harvesting, crushing and compression of melon vines, convert the melon vines into high-value-added biofuels, and realize the recycling of resources.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0006] An agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing machine comprises: a harvesting mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a compression mechanism for harvesting waste; the crushing mechanism comprises a crushing bin and a feed pressure shaft, a spiral chopping tool and a hammer type crushing tool located in the crushing bin, the feed pressure shaft, the spiral chopping tool and the hammer type crushing tool are arranged in sequence along the waste conveying direction, and are all rotatably connected to the crushing bin; the compression mechanism comprises a compression bin connected to the crushing bin, a compression die plate and a compression roller are arranged in the compression bin, the compression die plate is arranged in the middle of the compression bin, and the compression die plate has a die hole, and the compression roller is rotatably mounted on the compression die plate.

[0007] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a working method of the agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing integrated machine as described above, comprising:

[0008] The harvesting mechanism harvests the agricultural waste and transmits it to the crushing mechanism;

[0009] In the crushing mechanism, agricultural waste enters the crushing chamber through the feed pressing shaft, and after being processed by the spiral chopping tool, the material is chopped into strips, and then crushed into particles by the hammer type crushing tool. The crushed agricultural waste is transmitted to the compression mechanism;

[0010] In the compression mechanism, the material is firstly compressed by the compression roller and then formed by the compression die to form a compact of a predetermined length.

[0011] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0012] 1. The equipment can convert melon vines into biofuels, realize the secondary use of melon vines, and reduce resource waste. Through crushing and compression processing, the volume of melon vines is greatly reduced, which is convenient for storage and transportation. The equipment adopts a rotary shearing harvesting mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a compression mechanism, and has the characteristics of good harvesting, crushing and compression effects, fast processing speed, and high degree of automation. At the same time, the equipment has a compact structure, simple operation, and convenient maintenance, and is suitable for agricultural production units of different sizes.

[0013] 2. The present invention adopts a rotary shearing harvesting mechanism. The design of the rotary shearing harvesting mechanism makes material collection more efficient and continuous, greatly improving the processing efficiency of melon vines. The coordinated work of the harvesting teeth and the harvesting wheel can effectively cut and collect the melon vines from the field, and the function of the scraper plate is to further scrape the cut melon vines onto the harvesting roller. The combination of the harvesting roller and the high-pressure fan allows the melon vines to be quickly transported by wind to subsequent processing links, avoiding the accumulation and blockage of materials during the collection process. The design of the escort roller ensures the stability and continuity of the melon vines during the transportation process, ensuring that the melon vines can smoothly enter the crushing mechanism.

[0014] 3. The present invention adopts a double feed pressure shaft. The design of the double feed pressure shaft enables the material to be better pre-treated before entering the crushing bin, so that the material is more evenly distributed in the crushing bin, thereby improving the crushing efficiency. At the same time, the double feed pressure shaft can also effectively prevent material blockage, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the equipment. The design of the spiral cutting tool allows the material to be preliminarily cut before entering the compression bin, further improving the crushing efficiency. The spiral cutting tool has a simple structure and is easy to maintain. It can effectively crush root plants and ensure the high-speed operation of the equipment. The serrated hammer has a good crushing effect and relatively uniform wear. The cutter disc structure adopts a straight blade type, which can achieve a fast cutting effect.

[0015] 4. The present invention adopts a compression mechanism with a four-roller structure, which is composed of compression rollers, compression die plates, a central shaft and upper and lower sleeves. Compared with other compression structures, the four-roller structure is continuously squeezed into the die holes under the pressure of the rollers, and the material particles are formed after passing through the die holes, which can effectively improve the production efficiency of the equipment.

[0016] 5. The device has a wide range of uses in practical applications. It can be used to treat abandoned melon vines in farmland, reduce the pollution of melon vines to the environment, and produce valuable biofuels. In addition, the device can also be used to treat other similar agricultural wastes, such as straw, corn stalks, etc. By applying the device, not only can the resource utilization of agricultural waste be achieved, but also the sustainable development of agricultural production can be promoted. The advantages of the additional aspects of the present invention will be given in the following description, some of which will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. The spacing or size between each other is exaggerated to show the position of each part, and the schematic diagram is only used for illustration.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of an all-in-one machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the integrated machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a side view of a cutting device and a wind conveying mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 The internal structure of the cutting device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 5 The internal structure of the cutting device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a wind conveying mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the interior of a wind conveying mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 is a side view of a crushing mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional diagram of a crushing mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the interior of a pulverizing mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of a grinding plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of a screen provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of a compression mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.14 is a three-dimensional diagram of a compression mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of the interior of a compression mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of a driving mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of the interior of a driving mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] In the figure: 1. harvesting mechanism; 11. harvesting roller; 12. harvesting teeth; 13. harvesting claws; 14. harvesting wheel; 15. scraper plate; 2. wind conveying mechanism; 21. conveying pipeline; 22. escort roller; 23. fan; 3. crushing mechanism; 31. lower pressure shaft; 32. upper pressure shaft; 33. spiral blade; 34. cutting knife disc; 35. sawtooth hammer blade holder; 36. sawtooth hammer blade; 37. grinding plate; 38. screen; 4. compression mechanism; 41. lower sleeve; 42. truncated cone separator; 43. guide groove; 44. upper sleeve; 45. compression roller; 46. roller bracket; 47. compression die plate; 48. central shaft; 5. driving mechanism; 51. driving wheel; 52. first driven wheel; 53. second driven wheel; 54. driven bevel gear; 55. driving bevel gear; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0037] As introduced in the background technology, traditional treatment methods, such as incineration or direct return to the field, not only cause waste of resources, but also may cause environmental pollution problems. The technical problems of existing treatment equipment mainly include:

[0038] 1. The harvesting efficiency is low and cannot meet the needs of large-scale agricultural production.

[0039] 2. The lack of equipment for subsequent processing of the melon vines results in the vines being unable to be effectively utilized.

[0040] 3. The existing equipment is complex to operate and has high maintenance costs, which is not conducive to promotion and application.

[0041] 4. The lack of intelligent control system results in inaccurate processing and low efficiency.

[0042] In order to solve the above technical problems, this embodiment proposes an agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing integrated machine, which can harvest, crush and compress the collected melon vines and make biofuels, properly handle the melon vines in rural areas and realize the secondary utilization of melon vines. The equipment has a simple design, convenient operation and low maintenance cost, is suitable for application in agricultural production of various scales, and helps promote the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing integrated machine includes a harvesting mechanism 1, a crushing mechanism 3 and a compression mechanism 4. The harvesting mechanism 1 is as shown in FIG. Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , the agricultural waste is cut off from the ground and transported to the crushing mechanism 3. The crushing mechanism 3 is as shown in FIG. Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown in FIG. 1 , the waste first enters the crushing bin through the feed pressure shaft, and the feed pressure shaft feeds the waste evenly. The spiral chopping tool is responsible for cutting the waste into strips. The cut material is further crushed by the hammer crushing tool. The crushed material enters the compression mechanism 4, as shown in FIG. Fig.13 , Fig.14 , Fig.15 As shown, the compression mechanism 4 includes a compression chamber, a compression die plate 47 and a compression roller 45. The compression roller 45 rolls on the die plate to compress and shape the material in the die hole by applying pressure.

[0044] The harvesting mechanism 1 is composed of a harvesting bin, harvesting teeth 12, a harvesting wheel 14 and a scraping plate 15. The harvesting teeth 12 collect the melon vines attached to the surface of the field to the front end of the harvesting bin. The outer periphery of the harvesting wheel 14 is provided with a plurality of harvesting claws 13, which wrap the melon vines at the front end of the harvesting bin around the harvesting claws 13 of the harvesting wheel 14. Under the rotation of the harvesting wheel 14, the melon vines are brought from the front end of the harvesting bin to the middle end of the harvesting bin, and the melon vines wrapped around the harvesting claws 13 are peeled off by the scraping plate 15 and fall on the harvesting roller 11. The melon vines are transferred to the rear end of the harvesting bin by the rotation of the harvesting roller 11 to prepare for further crushing and thinning of the melon vines.

[0045] The coordinated work of the harvesting teeth 12 and the harvesting wheel 14 can effectively collect and cut the melon vines from the field, and the function of the scraping plate 15 is to further cut the cut melon vine roots to a suitable size and scrape them onto the harvesting roller 11, and the harvesting wheel 14 transports the cut melon vines to the escort roller 22. The scraping plate 15 is arranged inside the harvesting bin, and the harvesting teeth 12 can pass through the tooth grooves of the scraping plate 15 during the rotation process, achieving the effect of cleaning and anti-blocking. This design ensures the improvement of harvesting efficiency, avoids the problem of the harvesting teeth 12 being blocked or entangled, and thus ensures smooth operation during continuous work.

[0046] A transfer port is provided at the rear end of the harvesting mechanism 1, and a harvesting roller 11 is added in the crushing bin. The harvesting roller 11 is installed on the rear side of the harvesting wheel 14, and can further push the waste into the wind bin. The guide plate on the roller is arranged in a spiral shape. This structural design allows the waste to be more evenly transferred to the crushing bin, avoiding the problem of material accumulation or uneven transportation. The guide plate is divided into two sections, and the rotation directions of the two sections are opposite, ensuring that the material will not be entangled during the transportation process, while improving the transportation efficiency. Through this design, the harvested waste can be smoothly transmitted to the next crushing process, improving the continuous operation capacity of the entire device.

[0047] The harvesting teeth 12 are a sharp cutting tool with a unique design that can quickly cut off the melon vine rhizome at the moment of contact, which not only reduces the damage to the melon vine during the harvesting process, but also ensures the integrity of the melon vine, providing convenience for subsequent processing and storage.

[0048] The harvesting wheel 14 is usually made of hard material with high wear resistance and impact resistance. During the rotation process, the harvesting wheel 14 can effectively roll up the melon vines attached to the surface of the field, providing convenience for subsequent cutting and collection. At the same time, the design of the harvesting wheel 14 also takes into account the undulations of the field and the growth conditions of the melon vines, ensuring that a stable harvesting effect can be maintained in various environments.

[0049] The harvesting rollers 11 play a supporting and guiding role in the harvesting operation. They can closely combine the harvesting teeth 12 and the harvesting wheel 14 to form a complete harvesting system. During the harvesting process, the harvesting rollers 11 can ensure that the melon vines smoothly enter the harvesting bin and the wind bin along the predetermined path, avoiding the scattering and omission of the melon vines.

[0050] A wind conveying mechanism 2 is arranged at the rear side of the harvesting mechanism 1. Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the mechanism consists of a wind bin, a conveying pipe 21, a conveying roller 22 and a fan 23. The wind bin is connected to the harvesting bin through a transmission port, and the fan 23 is arranged at one end of the wind bin, and the airflow generated pushes the waste into the crushing bin through the conveying pipe 21. The conveying roller 22 is rotatably installed in the wind bin, and the 8 blades on the conveying roller are twisted 20° around the central axis, so that the conveying roller can rotate only under the wind force of the high-pressure fan without an additional power source. The main function of the conveying roller is to help achieve smooth transportation of materials, reduce friction, and reduce energy consumption. It can be used to guide the flow direction of materials in the conveying system to ensure that the materials reach the designated position as needed. The conveying roller helps to stabilize the materials, prevent the materials from piling up or winding during movement, and can further enhance the propulsion effect of the materials to ensure that the materials will not stagnate during transportation. The introduction of the wind conveying mechanism 2 reduces the use of mechanical transmission devices, and at the same time, through the action of wind power, effectively reduces the wear of the equipment, and can quickly deliver light waste to the crushing mechanism 3, thereby improving the overall work efficiency.

[0051] The combined use of the escort roller 22 and the high-pressure fan 23 enables the melon vines to be quickly transported to the subsequent processing link by wind through the conveying pipeline 21. The addition of the high-pressure fan 23 enables the melon vines to be quickly transported to the crushing processing link by wind, avoiding the accumulation and blockage of the melon vines during the transportation process. The design of the escort roller 22 ensures the stability and continuity of the melon vines during the transportation process, avoids the accumulation, blockage and entanglement of the melon vines during the transportation process, and ensures that the melon vines can smoothly enter the crushing mechanism 3.

[0052] The feeding pressure shaft is designed as an upper and lower part, and the upper pressure shaft 32 and the lower pressure shaft 31 work together to ensure the stable feeding of waste. The spiral chopping tool includes a chopping disc 34 and a spiral blade 33. The spiral blade 33 is arranged in a spiral shape on the chopping disc 34. The motor drives the disc to rotate. The blade can quickly cut the waste during the rotation process to ensure that the material is evenly cut into strips. The hammer crushing tool includes a serrated hammer tool holder 35 and a serrated hammer blade 36. The serrated hammer blade 36 is arranged in a circular array. This design ensures that the material can continue to be efficiently crushed into smaller particles after being cut. At the same time, the durability and sharpness of the tool ensure its long-term use under high-intensity working conditions, thereby ensuring the overall working performance and efficiency of the equipment. Through the preliminary treatment of the feeding pressure shaft and the spiral chopping tool, the melon vine is initially crushed and sent to the hammer crushing tool area. The main shaft drives the hammer to rotate at high speed, and the gap between the hammers is adjustable to adapt to melon vines with different humidity and moisture content. The melon vine is further crushed by the sawtooth hammer until it becomes fine particles. The crushed material enters the compression mechanism 4 through the conveying pipeline 21.

[0053] The rear end of the crushing bin is designed as an arc plate, and the center of the arc plate is consistent with the rotation center of the spiral chopping tool. The upper half of the arc plate is set as a grinding plate 37, which is mainly used for preliminary grinding of materials, such as Fig.11 As shown in FIG. 1 , the grinding plate 37 is provided with serrated protrusions on its surface, which can effectively increase the friction of the material and improve the crushing effect. Fig.12 As shown, the screen 38 is provided with screen holes, and the size of the screen holes can be adjusted according to the material requirements, so that the waste after grinding and crushing can pass through the screen 38, and the material that does not meet the fineness requirements will continue to be crushed. This design not only ensures the uniformity and refinement of the material, but also improves the efficiency of the crushing process, ensuring that the material enters the subsequent compression process according to the predetermined size.

[0054] In the crushing mechanism 3, the motor drives the pulley to rotate through the belt, thereby driving the hammer-type crushing tool to rotate. Since the spiral chopping tool is connected to the hammer-type crushing tool through the belt, the spiral chopping tool and the pressing shaft are driven to operate. At the same time, the motor is also connected to the central shaft 48 of the compression mechanism 4 through the belt, thereby driving the compression roller 45 to rotate.

[0055] The melon vines that have been crushed and refined by the escort roller 22 are transported to the crushing bin under the action of the high-pressure fan 23. The melon vines are driven by the upper and lower pressure shafts 31 to enter the middle of the crushing bin, and the materials are cut into smaller strips after reaching the spiral cutting tool. The hammer-type crushing tool can cope with melon vines of different types, sizes and thicknesses by adjusting the spacing between two adjacent spiral cutting tool holders. The inner surface of the grinding plate 37 is a uniformly distributed serrated protrusion, and its function is to combine with the hammer-type crushing tool to crush the melon vines to a compressible size. The size of the mesh of the screen 38 is set according to the size of the melon vines after crushing required by the compression mechanism 4. The melon vines are crushed into fine particles by the joint action of the hammer-type crushing tool and the grinding plate 37, and the crushed material enters the conveying pipe 21 through the screen 38 and reaches the compression mechanism 4.

[0056] The upper and lower pressing shafts 31 are used. The design of the upper and lower pressing shafts 31 allows the material to be better pre-processed before entering the crushing bin, so that the material is more evenly distributed in the crushing bin, thereby improving the crushing efficiency. At the same time, the double feeding pressing shafts can also effectively prevent material blockage, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0057] The spiral chopping tool is designed to cut and crush the roots, stems and leaves of the melon vines again after the primary crushing (conveyor roller 22). The spiral chopping tool is composed of eight blades evenly distributed and rotating at a certain angle, which are installed on the tool holder. It can effectively crush root and stem plants, ensuring the high-speed operation of the melon vine crushing processing system.

[0058] The sawtooth hammer cutter disc structure adopts a straight blade type, and four sawtooth hammers are evenly distributed on each cutter disc to achieve the effect of rapid crushing of melon vines. The common use of the sawtooth hammer cutter and the grinding plate 37 makes the crushing effect good and the wear is more uniform, thereby improving the crushing efficiency.

[0059] The upper sleeve 44 and the lower sleeve 41 of the compression mechanism 4 constitute a compression chamber. The central axis 48 passes through the compression die 47, and a roller bracket 46 is arranged above the die. The bracket can drive the compression roller 45 to rotate along the surface of the die through the rotation of the central axis 48. The compression roller 45 applies pressure to the die to gradually compress the waste into shape. The die hole design on the compression die 47 can shape the waste into blocks or strips. The stable connection between the central axis 48 and the roller bracket 46 ensures the smooth operation of the compression roller 45 during operation, avoiding the problem of poor molding due to uneven pressure. This design of the compression mechanism 4 ensures that agricultural waste can be efficiently molded during the compression process, provides a stable compression effect, and improves the continuous operation capability of the equipment.

[0060] The design of the roller bracket 46 further improves the flexibility and stability of the compression roller 45. The center cover is fixed on the center shaft 48, and the support rods are installed on the outer periphery of the center cover in a radial form. The support rods are connected to the compression roller 45 to ensure that the roller can rotate smoothly. A guide groove 43 is set on the inner wall of the upper sleeve 44, and the outer end of the support rod is embedded in the guide groove 43. The design of the guide groove 43 can not only guide the roller to rotate along a fixed track. This structural design enables the compression roller 45 to smoothly apply uniform pressure, avoiding uneven compression caused by roller position deviation, thereby further improving the compression effect.

[0061] In this embodiment, there are four compression rollers 45, which are installed on a compression roller 45 bracket. Both ends of the central axis 48 are respectively connected to the upper and lower sleeves 41. The compression die plate 47 is installed between the upper and lower sleeves 41, located under the compression roller 45 and the bracket, and forms a material compression space with the compression roller 45.

[0062] The roller bracket 46 is positioned in the guide groove 43 of the upper sleeve 44, and a certain gap is ensured between the compression roller 45 and the compression die plate 47. The compression die plate 47 is fixedly mounted on the truncated cone separator 42 of the lower sleeve 41, and does not rotate with the rotation of the central shaft 48. The central shaft 48 is in the shape of a step, and the upper end of the central shaft 48 is connected to the roller bracket 46, and the rotation of the central shaft 48 drives the roller bracket 46 to rotate.

[0063] The crushed material enters the compression mechanism 4, is continuously squeezed by four compression rollers 45, and forms material particles through the die holes. In the compression mechanism 4, the material first passes through the rolling pressure of the compression rollers 45, and the material is continuously squeezed into the die holes of the compression die plate 47, and then forms material particles after passing through the die holes. By replacing different compression die plates 47, the material forming size can be easily changed, making the equipment highly flexible and adaptable. This design not only improves production efficiency, but also makes the system more suitable for processing different types of melon vines. After the briquette is formed, it is stored in the storage bin through the discharge port.

[0064] The four-roller design makes the compression process more uniform and stable. Since the four rollers act simultaneously and cooperate with the guide groove 43, the material can be more evenly distributed when under pressure, avoiding the local overpressure or underpressure of the material during the compression process. This can not only improve the compression effect of the material, but also extend the service life of the equipment.

[0065] The four-roller structure has a high production efficiency. The multiple compression rollers 45 can make the compression process continuous, and the material can be squeezed into the die hole continuously to form granular material. This greatly improves the production capacity of the equipment and meets the needs of large-scale production.

[0066] The four-roller compression mechanism 4 also has good adaptability. By replacing different compression mold plates 47, the molding size of the material can be easily changed to meet different production requirements. This makes the device more flexible and changeable in practical applications and can meet the needs of various production scenarios.

[0067] like Fig.16 , Fig.17 As shown, the driving mechanism 5 of the device includes a driving wheel 51, a first driven wheel 52, a second driven wheel 53, a driven bevel gear 54 and a driving bevel gear 55. The driving wheel 51 is installed on the motor and can drive the synchronous operation of the crushing mechanism 3. The first driven wheel 52 is connected to the driving wheel 51 through a belt, the driving bevel gear 55 and the first driven wheel 52 are installed on the same driving shaft, and the driven bevel gear 54 is meshed with the driving bevel gear 55 to ensure that power is transmitted to the key components of the compression mechanism 4. The second driven wheel 53 drives the compression mechanism 4 to work. Such a design ensures the effective distribution of the overall power of the equipment, enables the crushing and compression processes to operate in a coordinated manner, thereby improving the overall working efficiency of the equipment, while reducing the power waste and component wear caused by the independent driving of each mechanism.

[0068] The present invention also introduces an intelligent control system, a power system and a chassis. The intelligent control system is mainly composed of a sensor, a controller and an actuator. The sensor is used to monitor the humidity, moisture content and other parameters of the melon vine in real time and transmit the data to the controller. The controller automatically adjusts the speed and strength of crushing and compression according to the received data to ensure processing efficiency and accuracy. The actuator is responsible for executing the instructions of the controller and controlling the operation of the crushing and compression mechanism 4.

[0069] The intelligent control system can automatically adjust the speed and strength of crushing and compression according to the humidity, moisture content and other parameters of the melon vines, making the equipment more intelligent and automated. The introduction of the intelligent control system not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of melon vine processing, but also reduces the labor intensity and skill requirements of operators. At the same time, the equipment also has a fault self-diagnosis function, which can promptly detect and handle possible faults to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0070] How the device works:

[0071] Based on mechanical harvesting, crushing and compression technology. The melon vines enter the processing system through the harvesting mechanism 1, where they are efficiently and accurately cut, and then smoothly conveyed to the crushing mechanism 3 through the wind conveying mechanism 2. This step is a key part of the entire processing system because it can refine the melon vines, making them easier to handle and compress later.

[0072] Then in the crushing mechanism 3, the melon vines are initially crushed by the high-speed rotating blades and cut into smaller pieces. The purpose of this step is to reduce the volume of the melon vines and prepare for the subsequent compression process. The melon vines that have been initially crushed enter the four-roller compression mechanism 4. The four-roller compression mechanism 4 continuously compresses the melon vines through four rollers, gradually compressing them into blocks with higher density. During the compression process, the gap between the rollers can be adjusted to accommodate melon vines with different moisture content and fiber content. In addition, the drive mechanism 5 provides sufficient power for the compression roller 45 to ensure that the melon vines can achieve the required compression ratio during the compression process. The compressed melon vine blocks are discharged from the outlet of the processing system and can be used as biofuel. The melon vine blocks have high energy density and combustion performance, and can be directly burned as biomass fuel or further processed into other forms of fuel, such as biochar.

[0073] The working method of the device includes:

[0074] When in use, the whole system is started first, and then the corresponding parameters are set through the control system, such as the speed, force and compression pressure of harvesting, crushing and compression. Then the harvesting mechanism 1 is operated to harvest the melon vines. First, the melon vines are shoveled from the ground surface by the harvesting teeth 12, and then rolled into the harvesting bin by the harvesting wheel 14, and the melon vines on the harvesting wheel 14 are scraped onto the harvesting roller 11 by the scraping plate 15. Entering the primary crushing After the primary crushing by the pressure roller, the melon vines enter the crushing mechanism 3 through the conveying pipeline 21 under the action of the high-pressure fan 23.

[0075] In the crushing mechanism 3, the motor drives the pulley to rotate through the belt, thereby driving the hammer-type crushing tool to rotate. Since the spiral chopping tool is connected to the hammer-type crushing tool through the belt, it drives the spiral chopping tool and the pressure shaft to operate. At the same time, the motor is also connected to the central shaft 48 of the compression mechanism 4 through the belt, thereby driving the compression roller 45 to rotate. The melon vine enters the crushing system through the feeding pressure shaft, and after being processed by the spiral chopping tool, the material is cut into smaller strips. Then, it is crushed into fine particles by the hammer-type crushing tool. The crushed material enters the compression mechanism 4 through the conveying pipeline 21.

[0076] In the compression mechanism 4, the material is firstly compressed by the compression roller 45, and then formed into a block of a certain length by the compression die 47. The compression die 47 can be replaced as needed to change the shape and size of the block. After the block is formed, it is stored in the storage bin through the discharge port.

[0077] The integrated harvesting, crushing and compressing machine of the present invention can not only effectively solve the problem of melon vine retention and realize the secondary utilization of melon vines, but also convert melon vines into biofuels, and has the advantages of environmental protection, energy saving, high efficiency, etc. At the same time, the device is simple and convenient to operate, suitable for agricultural production of various scales, and has high practical value and promotion prospects.

[0078] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing machine, characterized in that: include: Harvesting mechanism, crushing mechanism and compression mechanism for harvesting waste; The pulverizing mechanism comprises a pulverizing chamber and a feed pressure shaft, a spiral chopping tool and a hammer type pulverizing tool located in the pulverizing chamber, wherein the feed pressure shaft, the spiral chopping tool and the hammer type pulverizing tool are arranged in sequence along the waste conveying direction and are all rotatably connected to the pulverizing chamber; The compression mechanism comprises a compression chamber connected to the crushing chamber, wherein a compression die plate and a compression roller are arranged in the compression chamber, wherein the compression die plate is arranged in the middle of the compression chamber and has a die hole, and the compression roller is rotatably mounted on the compression die plate.

2. The agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The harvesting mechanism includes a harvesting bin, in which harvesting teeth, a harvesting wheel and a scraping plate are arranged. The harvesting wheel is rotatably installed in the harvesting bin, a harvesting claw is arranged on the outer periphery of the harvesting wheel, and a tooth groove is opened on the scraping plate. When the harvesting wheel rotates, the harvesting teeth can pass through the tooth groove of the scraping plate.

3. The agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing integrated machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A transmission port is arranged at the rear end of the harvesting bin, and a harvesting roller is also arranged in the crushing bin. The harvesting roller is located at the rear side of the harvesting wheel, and a material guide plate is arranged on the harvesting roller in a spiral shape. The material guide plate is divided into two sections at a position corresponding to the transmission port, and the rotation directions of the two sections of the material guide plates are opposite.

4. The agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing integrated machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The all-in-one machine also includes a wind conveying mechanism located at the rear side of the harvesting mechanism, the wind conveying mechanism includes a wind bin, a conveying pipeline, an escort roller and a fan, the wind bin is connected with the harvesting bin through a transmission port, the conveying pipeline is connected with the ventilation bin and the crushing bin, the escort roller is rotatably installed in the wind bin, the outer periphery of the escort roller is provided with blades, the blades are arranged in a spiral shape, and the fan is arranged at one end of the wind bin away from the conveying pipeline.

5. The agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed pressure shaft includes an upper pressure shaft and an upper pressure shaft, the spiral chopping tool includes a chopping disc and a spiral blade, the spiral blade is spirally arranged on the chopping disc, the hammer type crushing tool includes a serrated hammer tool holder and a serrated hammer blade, the serrated hammer blade is arranged in a circular array on the serrated hammer tool holder.

6. The agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing integrated machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rear end of the crushing bin is an arc-shaped plate, the center of which is located on the rotation center of the spiral chopping tool, the upper half of the arc-shaped plate is a grinding plate, and the lower half is a screen. The inner side of the grinding plate is provided with serrated protrusions, and the screen is provided with sieve holes.

7. The agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression mechanism includes an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve, and the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve constitute a compression chamber. The compression chamber has a central axis, and the central axis passes through the compression die. A roller bracket is arranged on the top of the central axis, and the compression roller is installed on the roller bracket.

8. The agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing integrated machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The roller bracket includes a center cover and a support rod, the center cover is installed on the center axis, the support rod is radially installed on the outer periphery of the center cover, the compression roller is rotatably installed on the support rod, a guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the upper sleeve, the outer end of the support rod is embedded in the guide groove and rotates along the guide groove.

9. The agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The all-in-one machine also includes a driving mechanism, which includes a driving wheel, a first driven wheel, a second driven wheel, a driven bevel gear and a driving bevel gear. The driving wheel is installed on the motor and can drive the crushing mechanism to work. The first driven wheel rotates with the driving wheel. The driving bevel gear and the first driven wheel are installed on the same driving shaft. The driven bevel gear is meshed with the driving bevel gear. The second driven wheel and the driven bevel gear are installed on the same driving shaft and drive the compression mechanism to work.

10. A method for operating the agricultural waste harvesting, crushing and compressing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The harvesting mechanism harvests the agricultural waste and transmits it to the crushing mechanism; In the crushing mechanism, agricultural waste enters the crushing chamber through the feed pressing shaft, and after being processed by the spiral chopping tool, the material is chopped into strips, and then crushed into particles by the hammer type crushing tool. The crushed agricultural waste is transmitted to the compression mechanism; In the compression mechanism, the material is firstly compressed by the compression roller and then formed by the compression die to form a compact of a predetermined length.

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