Method for improving field planting survival rate of mountain macadamia nuts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nut field planting methods, in particular to a method for improving the field planting survival rate of mountain macadamia nuts. S1, preparing land; s2; performing sapling field planting treatment; s3, planting and irrigation; s4, pruning; s5, pest and disease damage prevention; rooting treatment is carried out, the root system growth capacity of the saplings is enhanced, the stress resistance and the survival rate of the saplings are improved, a drip irrigation system is adopted, precise irrigation is achieved, waste of water resources is reduced, the soil moisture content is monitored in real time, the reasonability and effectiveness of an irrigation plan are ensured, and the soil humidity and temperature are kept by applying a water-retaining agent; according to the method, evaporation and loss of water are reduced, the water retention capacity of soil is improved, growth and development of saplings are facilitated, a pruning robot is adopted for intelligent pruning, the pruning efficiency and accuracy are improved, the occurrence condition of diseases and pests is monitored in real time through unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring equipment, early discovery and early prevention are achieved, and the survival rate of the saplings is increased. The survival rate and the yield of the macadamia nuts are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nut planting methods, and in particular to a method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting. Background Art

[0002] Mountain macadamia planting refers to the process of planting macadamia seedlings in a mountainous environment according to certain plant spacing and planting requirements and allowing them to survive and grow. Generally, cloudy or light rainy days from June to August are chosen for planting to reduce water evaporation and transpiration of seedlings.

[0003] The traditional method of planting mountain macadamia nuts uses a relatively single type of base fertilizer, resulting in insufficient soil nutrients. During irrigation, some soil moisture monitoring equipment is not used to monitor the soil moisture content in real time, which leads to unreasonable irrigation plans and greatly reduces the irrigation production speed of seedlings. Traditional methods may only use chemical pesticides for artificial spraying and prevention, which may cause harm to the environment and fruit trees, further reducing the survival rate of mountain macadamia nuts.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the problem that the type of basal fertilizer used in the above-mentioned traditional mountain macadamia nut planting method is relatively single, resulting in insufficient soil nutrients, and some soil moisture monitoring equipment is not used to monitor the soil moisture content in real time during irrigation, a method can be designed to improve the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting, which can efficiently and stably plant and cultivate mountain macadamia nuts. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problem that the traditional mountain macadamia nut planting method uses a relatively single type of base fertilizer, resulting in insufficient soil nutrients, some soil moisture monitoring equipment is not used to monitor the soil moisture content in real time during irrigation.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting, comprising the following steps;

[0007] S1: Prepare the Land

[0008] S11: Terraced fields

[0009] Use excavators and forklifts to dig terraces in the mountains according to the contour lines. The width of the terraces is between 1.5 and 1.8 meters, and the inclination angle is between 10 and 15 degrees.

[0010] S12: Digging planting holes

[0011] Use a small excavator to dig planting holes in the terraced fields. The hole size is: the hole mouth is 62-68cm long and 53-61cm wide, the hole bottom is 54-60cm long and 41-47cm wide, the hole depth is 66-73cm, and the distance between holes is 47-52cm.

[0012] S13: Apply basal fertilizer

[0013] Use a fertilizer spreader to apply basal fertilizer in the above planting holes, the basal fertilizer includes organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and lime; the organic fertilizer can be one or more of fermented chicken manure, bean bran and garbage fertilizer, and 15 to 25 kg is applied to each planting hole; the inorganic fertilizer can be compound fertilizer containing multiple nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1 to 1.5 kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each planting hole, 1.45 to 1.55 kg of superphosphate is applied to each planting hole, 1.2 to 1.3 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate is applied to each planting hole, and the lime can be one of quicklime or slaked lime, and 0.2 to 0.3 kg is applied to each planting hole;

[0014] S14; Return to earth

[0015] Mix the above organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and lime with the excavated topsoil and fill them back into the planting hole to form a soil pile about 11 to 14 cm above the ground. Allow the organic matter in the hole to fully ferment and the soil in the hole to settle. When the hole surface sinks to the same level as the field surface, it can be used for planting.

[0016] S2; Seedling planting treatment

[0017] S21; Sapling selection

[0018] Choose grafted seedlings to ensure they are strong, pest-free, and have a well-developed root system:

[0019] S22: Rooting Process

[0020] Dilute the rooting powder and water in a ratio of 1:850 to 1:950, soak the roots of the seedlings in the diluted rooting powder solution, and make sure that the roots are completely immersed. After soaking, take out the seedlings and dry them. Dig a small pit within the range of the planting hole surface, put the seedlings in, make the nutrient soil at the roots level with the hole surface, then cover with soil, compact and irrigate;

[0021] S3: Planting irrigation

[0022] S31; Apply water retaining agent

[0023] Dig symmetrical trenches next to the planted seedlings, apply water retaining agent and add water, and after the water retaining agent is fully absorbed, cover it with topsoil and plant fibers to maintain soil moisture and temperature, and prevent the water retaining agent from being blown away by wind or washed away by rain;

[0024] S32: Drip irrigation

[0025] Plan the pipe layout of the drip irrigation system according to the terrain and planting area, then lay the main pipe and branch pipes along the planned route, and ensure that the pipes are firmly connected and there is no water leakage. Lay the drip irrigation pipes between the seedlings and install drippers to ensure that there are drippers near the roots of each crop. Install the fertilizer mixer on the main pipe to evenly mix the fertilizer in the irrigation water, and an external controller is installed to automatically irrigate it.

[0026] S33: Real-time monitoring

[0027] Use soil moisture monitoring equipment to monitor soil moisture content in real time, and feed the monitoring results back to the control center to adjust the irrigation plan to ensure that the soil moisture is appropriate;

[0028] S4: Trim

[0029] Use pruning robots to perform intelligent pruning of macadamia trees to ensure even distribution of branches and leaves;

[0030] S5: Pest and disease protection

[0031] Use drone monitoring equipment to monitor the occurrence and development trends of pests and diseases in real time. Based on the pest and disease monitoring results, carry out preventive spraying before the peak period of pest and disease occurrence. First, load the pesticides that are effective against the target pests and diseases and harmless to macadamia nuts into the drone's spraying system, and use fan spraying or circular spraying to spray. Regularly check the operation and prevention effects of smart pruning and pest and disease control equipment, and make adjustments and maintenance as needed.

[0032] Preferably, the application of rich basal fertilizer provides sufficient nutrients for the seedlings, which helps their growth and development. At the same time, rooting treatment is performed to enhance the root growth ability of the seedlings, improve their stress resistance and survival rate. The use of drone monitoring equipment to monitor the occurrence of diseases and pests in real time achieves early detection and early prevention, further improving the survival rate and yield of macadamia nuts.

[0033] Preferably, after the soil pile is built in S22, it should take 3 weeks to 1 month for the organic matter to fully ferment and the soil to settle.

[0034] Preferably, the soaking time in S22 is between 40 minutes and 1.5 hours. During the soaking process, the solution is gently stirred so that the rooting powder is more evenly attached to the roots of the seedlings.

[0035] Preferably, when digging a small pit in S22, it is necessary to remove debris in the pit, including stones and weeds, to ensure that the soil in the pit is loose and fertile.

[0036] Preferably, in S32, drones can be used for nutrient supplement spraying during the critical growth period of macadamia nuts, including the flowering period and the fruit setting period.

[0037] Preferably, after receiving the feedback, the control center in S33 will collect the feedback data, and automatically analyze it according to the growth of the seedlings, and timely control the drip irrigation system to supplement water supply or reduce water volume.

[0038] As a preferred option, the pruning robot in S4 has good recognition ability and pruning accuracy, and can accurately identify and prune sick and weak branches and overcrowded branches to improve the ventilation and light transmittance and photosynthesis efficiency of the tree.

[0039] Preferably, the flight altitude of the drone in S5 is between 8 meters and 30 meters, and the application rate per mu is between 9 kilograms and 16 kilograms.

[0040] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0041] 1. The present invention optimizes the soil structure and improves the drainage and air permeability of the soil by excavating terraces and planting holes, applies rich basal fertilizer, provides sufficient nutrients for the seedlings, and is conducive to their growth and development. At the same time, rooting treatment is performed to enhance the root growth ability of the seedlings, improve their stress resistance and survival rate, adopts a drip irrigation system to achieve precise irrigation, reduce the waste of water resources, monitor the soil moisture content in real time, ensure the rationality and effectiveness of the irrigation plan, apply a water retaining agent to maintain soil moisture and temperature, reduce water evaporation and loss, and also improve the water retention capacity of the soil, which is conducive to the growth and development of the seedlings, adopts a pruning robot for intelligent pruning, improves the efficiency and accuracy of pruning, ensures uniform distribution of branches and leaves, and is conducive to photosynthesis and fruit growth, uses unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring equipment to monitor the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in real time, achieves early detection and early prevention, further improves the survival rate and yield of macadamia nuts, increases farmers' income, and reduces production costs and labor intensity, and improves production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 Shown is a flow chart of the method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 Shown is a flow chart of preparing land in the method of improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 Shown is a flow chart of the seedling planting process in the method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 Shown is a flow chart of planting irrigation in the method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0047] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 , the present invention provides an embodiment: a method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting, comprising the following steps;

[0048] S1: Prepare the Land

[0049] S11: Terraced fields

[0050] Use excavators and forklifts to dig terraces in the mountains according to the contour lines. The width of the terraces is between 1.5 and 1.8 meters, and the inclination angle is between 10 and 15 degrees.

[0051] S12: Digging planting holes

[0052] Use a small excavator to dig planting holes in the terraced fields. The hole size is: the hole mouth is 62-68cm long and 53-61cm wide, the hole bottom is 54-60cm long and 41-47cm wide, the hole depth is 66-73cm, and the distance between holes is 47-52cm.

[0053] S13: Apply basal fertilizer

[0054] Use a fertilizer spreader to apply basal fertilizer in the above planting holes, the basal fertilizer includes organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and lime; the organic fertilizer can be one or more of fermented chicken manure, bean bran and garbage fertilizer, and 15 to 25 kg is applied to each planting hole; the inorganic fertilizer can be compound fertilizer containing multiple nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1 to 1.5 kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each planting hole, 1.45 to 1.55 kg of superphosphate is applied to each planting hole, 1.2 to 1.3 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate is applied to each planting hole, and the lime can be one of quicklime or slaked lime, and 0.2 to 0.3 kg is applied to each planting hole;

[0055] S14; Return to earth

[0056] Mix the above organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and lime with the excavated topsoil and fill them back into the planting hole to form a soil pile about 11 to 14 cm above the ground. Allow the organic matter in the hole to fully ferment and the soil in the hole to settle. When the hole surface sinks to the same level as the field surface, it can be used for planting.

[0057] S2; Seedling planting treatment

[0058] S21; Sapling selection

[0059] Choose grafted seedlings to ensure they are strong, pest-free, and have a well-developed root system:

[0060] S22: Rooting Process

[0061] Dilute the rooting powder and water in a ratio of 1:850 to 1:950, soak the roots of the seedlings in the diluted rooting powder solution, and make sure that the roots are completely immersed. After soaking, take out the seedlings and dry them. Dig a small pit within the range of the planting hole surface, put the seedlings in, make the nutrient soil at the roots level with the hole surface, then cover with soil, compact and irrigate;

[0062] S3: Planting irrigation

[0063] S31; Apply water retaining agent

[0064] Dig symmetrical trenches next to the planted seedlings, apply water retaining agent and add water, and after the water retaining agent is fully absorbed, cover it with topsoil and plant fibers to maintain soil moisture and temperature, and prevent the water retaining agent from being blown away by wind or washed away by rain;

[0065] S32: Drip irrigation

[0066] Plan the pipe layout of the drip irrigation system according to the terrain and planting area, then lay the main pipe and branch pipes along the planned route, and ensure that the pipes are firmly connected and there is no water leakage. Lay the drip irrigation pipes between the seedlings and install drippers to ensure that there are drippers near the roots of each crop. Install the fertilizer mixer on the main pipe to evenly mix the fertilizer in the irrigation water, and an external controller is installed to automatically irrigate it.

[0067] S33: Real-time monitoring

[0068] Use soil moisture monitoring equipment to monitor soil moisture content in real time, and feed the monitoring results back to the control center to adjust the irrigation plan to ensure that the soil moisture is appropriate;

[0069] S4: Trim

[0070] Use pruning robots to perform intelligent pruning of macadamia trees to ensure even distribution of branches and leaves;

[0071] S5: Pest and disease protection

[0072] Use drone monitoring equipment to monitor the occurrence and development trends of pests and diseases in real time. Based on the pest and disease monitoring results, carry out preventive spraying before the peak period of pest and disease occurrence. First, load the pesticides that are effective against the target pests and diseases and harmless to macadamia nuts into the drone's spraying system, and use fan spraying or circular spraying to spray. Regularly check the operation and prevention effects of smart pruning and pest and disease control equipment, and make adjustments and maintenance as needed.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] The present invention provides an embodiment: a method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting, comprising the following steps;

[0075] S1: Prepare the Land

[0076] S11: Terraced fields

[0077] Use excavators and forklifts to dig terraces in the mountains according to the contour lines. The width of the terraces is between 1.5 and 1.8 meters, and the inclination angle is between 10 and 15 degrees.

[0078] S12: Digging planting holes

[0079] Use a small excavator to dig planting holes in the terraced fields. The hole size is: the hole mouth is 62-68cm long and 53-61cm wide, the hole bottom is 54-60cm long and 41-47cm wide, the hole depth is 66-73cm, and the distance between holes is 47-52cm.

[0080] S13: Apply basal fertilizer

[0081] Use a fertilizer spreader to apply basal fertilizer in the above planting holes, the basal fertilizer includes organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and lime; the organic fertilizer can be one or more of fermented chicken manure, bean bran and garbage fertilizer, and 15 kg is applied to each planting hole; the inorganic fertilizer can be compound fertilizer containing multiple nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1 kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each planting hole, 1.45 kg of superphosphate is applied to each planting hole, 1.2 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate is applied to each planting hole, and the lime can be one of quicklime or slaked lime, and 0.2 kg is applied to each planting hole;

[0082] S14; Return to earth

[0083] Mix the above organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and lime with the excavated topsoil and fill them back into the planting hole to form a soil pile about 11 to 14 cm above the ground. Allow the organic matter in the hole to fully ferment and the soil in the hole to settle. When the hole surface sinks to the same level as the field surface, it can be used for planting.

[0084] S2; Seedling planting treatment

[0085] S21; Sapling selection

[0086] Choose grafted seedlings to ensure they are strong, pest-free, and have a well-developed root system:

[0087] S22: Rooting Process

[0088] Dilute the rooting powder with water at a ratio of 1:850, soak the roots of the seedlings in the diluted rooting powder solution, and make sure the roots are completely immersed. After soaking, take out the seedlings and dry them. Dig a small pit within the range of the planting hole surface. After putting the seedlings in, make sure the nutrient soil at the roots is level with the hole surface, then cover with soil, compact and irrigate. After building the soil pile, wait for 3 weeks to 1 month for the organic matter to fully ferment and the soil to settle. The soaking time is between 40 minutes and 1.5 hours. During the soaking process, gently stir the solution to make the rooting powder more evenly attached to the roots of the seedlings. When digging a small pit, it is necessary to remove debris in the pit, including stones and weeds, to ensure that the soil in the pit is soft and fertile. During the critical growth period of macadamia nuts, including the flowering period and fruit setting period, drones can be used for nutrient supplement spraying;

[0089] S3: Planting irrigation

[0090] S31; Apply water retaining agent

[0091] Dig symmetrical trenches next to the planted seedlings, apply water retaining agent and add water, and after the water retaining agent is fully absorbed, cover it with topsoil and plant fibers to maintain soil moisture and temperature, and prevent the water retaining agent from being blown away by wind or washed away by rain;

[0092] S32: Drip irrigation

[0093] Plan the pipe layout of the drip irrigation system according to the terrain and planting area, then lay the main pipe and branch pipes along the planned route, and ensure that the pipes are firmly connected and there is no water leakage. Lay the drip irrigation pipes between the seedlings and install drippers to ensure that there are drippers near the roots of each crop. Install the fertilizer mixer on the main pipe to evenly mix the fertilizer in the irrigation water, and an external controller is installed to automatically irrigate it.

[0094] S33: Real-time monitoring

[0095] Use soil moisture monitoring equipment to monitor soil moisture content in real time, and feed back the monitoring results to the control center to adjust the irrigation plan to ensure that the soil moisture is appropriate. After receiving the feedback, the control center will collect the feedback data and automatically analyze it according to the growth of the seedlings, and timely control the drip irrigation system to supplement or reduce water supply;

[0096] S4: Trim

[0097] Use pruning robots to perform intelligent pruning on macadamia trees to ensure even distribution of branches and leaves. The pruning robots have good recognition ability and pruning accuracy, and can accurately identify and prune sick and weak branches and overcrowded branches to improve the ventilation and light transmission of the tree and the photosynthesis efficiency;

[0098] S5: Pest and disease protection

[0099] Use drone monitoring equipment to monitor the occurrence and development trends of pests and diseases in real time. According to the pest and disease monitoring results, preventive spraying is carried out before the peak period of pest and disease occurrence. First, the pesticides that are effective against the target pests and diseases and harmless to macadamia nuts are loaded into the drone's spraying system, and sprayed using fan spraying or circular spraying. In addition, the operation and control effects of the smart pruning and pest and disease control equipment are regularly checked, and adjustments and maintenance are carried out as needed. The flight altitude of the drone is between 8 meters and 30 meters, and the application amount per mu is between 9 kilograms and 16 kilograms.

[0100] Example 2

[0101] The present invention provides an embodiment: a method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting, comprising the following steps;

[0102] S1: Prepare the Land

[0103] S11: Terraced fields

[0104] Use excavators and forklifts to dig terraces in the mountains according to the contour lines. The width of the terraces is between 1.5 and 1.8 meters, and the inclination angle is between 10 and 15 degrees.

[0105] S12: Digging planting holes

[0106] Use a small excavator to dig planting holes in the terraced fields. The hole size is: the hole mouth is 62-68cm long and 53-61cm wide, the hole bottom is 54-60cm long and 41-47cm wide, the hole depth is 66-73cm, and the distance between holes is 47-52cm.

[0107] S13: Apply basal fertilizer

[0108] Use a fertilizer spreader to apply basal fertilizer in the above planting holes, the basal fertilizer includes organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and lime; the organic fertilizer can be one or more of fermented chicken manure, bean bran and garbage fertilizer, and 20 kg is applied to each planting hole; the inorganic fertilizer can be compound fertilizer containing multiple nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1.2 kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each planting hole, 1.5 kg of superphosphate is applied to each planting hole, 1.25 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate is applied to each planting hole, and the lime can be one of quicklime or slaked lime, and 0.25 kg is applied to each planting hole;

[0109] S14; Return to earth

[0110] Mix the above organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and lime with the excavated topsoil and fill them back into the planting hole to form a soil pile about 11 to 14 cm above the ground. Allow the organic matter in the hole to fully ferment and the soil in the hole to settle. When the hole surface sinks to the same level as the field surface, it can be used for planting.

[0111] S2; Seedling planting treatment

[0112] S21; Sapling selection

[0113] Choose grafted seedlings to ensure they are strong, pest-free, and have a well-developed root system:

[0114] S22: Rooting Process

[0115] Dilute the rooting powder with water at a ratio of 1:900, soak the roots of the seedlings in the diluted rooting powder solution, and make sure the roots are completely immersed. After the soaking is completed, take out the seedlings and dry them. Dig a small pit within the range of the planting hole surface. After putting the seedlings in, make sure the nutrient soil at the roots is level with the hole surface, then cover with soil, compact and irrigate. After building the soil pile, wait for 3 weeks to 1 month for the organic matter to fully ferment and the soil to settle. The soaking time is between 40 minutes and 1.5 hours. During the soaking process, gently stir the solution to make the rooting powder more evenly attached to the roots of the seedlings. When digging a small pit, it is necessary to remove the debris in the pit, including stones and weeds, to ensure that the soil in the pit is soft and fertile. During the critical growth period of macadamia nuts, including the flowering period and fruit setting period, drones can be used for nutrient supplement spraying;

[0116] S3: Planting irrigation

[0117] S31; Apply water retaining agent

[0118] Dig symmetrical trenches next to the planted seedlings, apply water retaining agent and add water, and after the water retaining agent is fully absorbed, cover it with topsoil and plant fibers to maintain soil moisture and temperature, and prevent the water retaining agent from being blown away by wind or washed away by rain;

[0119] S32: Drip irrigation

[0120] Plan the pipe layout of the drip irrigation system according to the terrain and planting area, then lay the main pipe and branch pipes along the planned route, and ensure that the pipes are firmly connected and there is no water leakage. Lay the drip irrigation pipes between the seedlings and install drippers to ensure that there are drippers near the roots of each crop. Install the fertilizer mixer on the main pipe to evenly mix the fertilizer in the irrigation water, and an external controller is installed to automatically irrigate it.

[0121] S33: Real-time monitoring

[0122] Use soil moisture monitoring equipment to monitor soil moisture content in real time, and feed back the monitoring results to the control center to adjust the irrigation plan to ensure that the soil moisture is appropriate. After receiving the feedback, the control center will collect the feedback data and automatically analyze it according to the growth of the seedlings, and timely control the drip irrigation system to supplement or reduce water supply;

[0123] S4: Trim

[0124] Use pruning robots to perform intelligent pruning on macadamia trees to ensure even distribution of branches and leaves. The pruning robots have good recognition ability and pruning accuracy, and can accurately identify and prune sick and weak branches and overcrowded branches to improve the ventilation and light transmission of the tree and the photosynthesis efficiency;

[0125] S5: Pest and disease protection

[0126] Use drone monitoring equipment to monitor the occurrence and development trends of pests and diseases in real time. According to the pest and disease monitoring results, preventive spraying is carried out before the peak period of pest and disease occurrence. First, the pesticides that are effective against the target pests and diseases and harmless to macadamia nuts are loaded into the drone's spraying system, and sprayed using fan spraying or circular spraying. In addition, the operation and control effects of the smart pruning and pest and disease control equipment are regularly checked, and adjustments and maintenance are carried out as needed. The flight altitude of the drone is between 8 meters and 30 meters, and the application amount per mu is between 9 kilograms and 16 kilograms.

[0127] Example 3

[0128] The present invention provides an embodiment: a method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting, comprising the following steps;

[0129] S1: Prepare the Land

[0130] S11: Terraced fields

[0131] Use excavators and forklifts to dig terraces in the mountains according to the contour lines. The width of the terraces is between 1.5 and 1.8 meters, and the inclination angle is between 10 and 15 degrees.

[0132] S12: Digging planting holes

[0133] Use a small excavator to dig planting holes in the terraced fields. The hole size is: the hole mouth is 62-68cm long and 53-61cm wide, the hole bottom is 54-60cm long and 41-47cm wide, the hole depth is 66-73cm, and the distance between holes is 47-52cm.

[0134] S13: Apply basal fertilizer

[0135] Use a fertilizer spreader to apply basal fertilizer in the above planting holes, the basal fertilizer includes organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and lime; the organic fertilizer can be one or more of fermented chicken manure, bean bran and garbage fertilizer, and 25 kg is applied to each planting hole; the inorganic fertilizer can be compound fertilizer containing multiple nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1.5 kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each planting hole, 1.55 kg of superphosphate is applied to each planting hole, 1.3 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate is applied to each planting hole, and the lime can be one of quicklime or slaked lime, and 0.3 kg is applied to each planting hole;

[0136] S14; Return to earth

[0137] Mix the above organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and lime with the excavated topsoil and fill them back into the planting hole to form a soil pile about 11 to 14 cm above the ground. Allow the organic matter in the hole to fully ferment and the soil in the hole to settle. When the hole surface sinks to the same level as the field surface, it can be used for planting.

[0138] S2; Seedling planting treatment

[0139] S21; Sapling selection

[0140] Choose grafted seedlings to ensure they are strong, pest-free, and have a well-developed root system:

[0141] S22: Rooting Process

[0142] Dilute the rooting powder with water at a ratio of 1:950, soak the roots of the seedlings in the diluted rooting powder solution, and make sure the roots are completely immersed. After the soaking is completed, take out the seedlings and dry them. Dig a small pit within the range of the planting hole surface. After putting the seedlings in, make sure the nutrient soil at the roots is level with the hole surface, then cover it with soil, compact it and irrigate it. After building the soil pile, wait for 3 weeks to 1 month for the organic matter to fully ferment and the soil to settle. The soaking time is between 40 minutes and 1.5 hours. During the soaking process, gently stir the solution so that the rooting powder is more evenly attached to the roots of the seedlings. When digging a small pit, it is necessary to remove debris in the pit, including stones and weeds, to ensure that the soil in the pit is soft and fertile. During the critical growth period of macadamia nuts, including the flowering period and fruit setting period, drones can be used for nutrient supplement spraying;

[0143] S3: Planting irrigation

[0144] S31; Apply water retaining agent

[0145] Dig symmetrical trenches next to the planted seedlings, apply water retaining agent and add water, and after the water retaining agent is fully absorbed, cover it with topsoil and plant fibers to maintain soil moisture and temperature, and prevent the water retaining agent from being blown away by wind or washed away by rain;

[0146] S32: Drip irrigation

[0147] Plan the pipe layout of the drip irrigation system according to the terrain and planting area, then lay the main pipe and branch pipes along the planned route, and ensure that the pipes are firmly connected and there is no water leakage. Lay the drip irrigation pipes between the seedlings and install drippers to ensure that there are drippers near the roots of each crop. Install the fertilizer mixer on the main pipe to evenly mix the fertilizer in the irrigation water, and an external controller is installed to automatically irrigate it.

[0148] S33: Real-time monitoring

[0149] Use soil moisture monitoring equipment to monitor soil moisture content in real time, and feed back the monitoring results to the control center to adjust the irrigation plan to ensure that the soil moisture is appropriate. After receiving the feedback, the control center will collect the feedback data and automatically analyze it according to the growth of the seedlings, and timely control the drip irrigation system to supplement or reduce water supply;

[0150] S4: Trim

[0151] Use pruning robots to perform intelligent pruning on macadamia trees to ensure even distribution of branches and leaves. The pruning robots have good recognition ability and pruning accuracy, and can accurately identify and prune sick and weak branches and overcrowded branches to improve the ventilation and light transmission of the tree and the photosynthesis efficiency;

[0152] S5: Pest and disease protection

[0153] Use drone monitoring equipment to monitor the occurrence and development trends of pests and diseases in real time. According to the pest and disease monitoring results, preventive spraying is carried out before the peak period of pest and disease occurrence. First, the pesticides that are effective against the target pests and diseases and harmless to macadamia nuts are loaded into the drone's spraying system, and sprayed using fan spraying or circular spraying. In addition, the operation and control effects of the smart pruning and pest and disease control equipment are regularly checked, and adjustments and maintenance are carried out as needed. The flight altitude of the drone is between 8 meters and 30 meters, and the application amount per mu is between 9 kilograms and 16 kilograms.

[0154] The same batch of mountain macadamia nut seedlings were selected as experimental subjects and divided into three groups. They were planted using the methods of Examples 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and the traditional method was used as a control group for planting. After 3 months of planting, the results are shown in Table 1.

[0155]

[0156] Table 1

[0157] The survival rate of mountain macadamia nuts in Examples 1, 2 and 3 of the invention can be greatly improved compared with the control group, and the incidence of insect pests is also reduced.

Claims

1. A method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting, characterized in that: The following steps are included; S1: Prepare the Land S11: Terraced fields Use excavators and forklifts to dig terraces in the mountains according to the contour lines. The width of the terraces is between 1.5 and 1.8 meters, and the inclination angle is between 10 and 15 degrees. S12: Digging planting holes Use a small excavator to dig planting holes in the terraced fields. The hole size is: the hole mouth is 62-68cm long and 53-61cm wide, the hole bottom is 54-60cm long and 41-47cm wide, the hole depth is 66-73cm, and the distance between holes is 47-52cm. S13: Apply basal fertilizer Use a fertilizer spreader to apply basal fertilizer in the above planting holes, the basal fertilizer includes organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and lime; the organic fertilizer can be one or more of fermented chicken manure, bean bran and garbage fertilizer, and 15 to 25 kg is applied to each planting hole; the inorganic fertilizer can be compound fertilizer containing multiple nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1 to 1.5 kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each planting hole, 1.45 to 1.55 kg of superphosphate is applied to each planting hole, 1.2 to 1.3 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate is applied to each planting hole, and the lime can be one of quicklime or slaked lime, and 0.2 to 0.3 kg is applied to each planting hole; S14; Return to earth Mix the above organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and lime with the excavated topsoil and fill them back into the planting hole to form a soil pile about 11 to 14 cm above the ground. Allow the organic matter in the hole to fully ferment and the soil in the hole to settle. When the hole surface sinks to the same level as the field surface, it can be used for planting. S2; Seedling planting treatment S21; Sapling selection Choose grafted seedlings to ensure they are strong, pest-free, and have a well-developed root system: S22: Rooting Process Dilute the rooting powder and water in a ratio of 1:850 to 1:950, soak the roots of the seedlings in the diluted rooting powder solution, and make sure that the roots are completely immersed. After soaking, take out the seedlings and dry them. Dig a small pit within the range of the planting hole surface, put the seedlings in, make the nutrient soil at the roots level with the hole surface, then cover with soil, compact and irrigate; S3: Planting irrigation S31; Apply water retaining agent Dig symmetrical trenches next to the planted seedlings, apply water retaining agent and add water, and after the water retaining agent is fully absorbed, cover it with topsoil and plant fibers to maintain soil moisture and temperature, and prevent the water retaining agent from being blown away by wind or washed away by rain; S32: Drip irrigation Plan the pipe layout of the drip irrigation system according to the terrain and planting area, then lay the main pipe and branch pipes along the planned route, and ensure that the pipes are firmly connected and there is no water leakage. Lay the drip irrigation pipes between the seedlings and install drippers to ensure that there are drippers near the roots of each crop. Install the fertilizer mixer on the main pipe to evenly mix the fertilizer in the irrigation water, and an external controller is installed to automatically irrigate it. S33: Real-time monitoring Use soil moisture monitoring equipment to monitor soil moisture content in real time, and feed the monitoring results back to the control center to adjust the irrigation plan to ensure that the soil moisture is appropriate; S4: Trim Use pruning robots to perform intelligent pruning of macadamia trees to ensure even distribution of branches and leaves; S5: Pest and disease protection Use drone monitoring equipment to monitor the occurrence and development trends of pests and diseases in real time. Based on the pest and disease monitoring results, carry out preventive spraying before the peak period of pest and disease occurrence. First, load the pesticides that are effective against the target pests and diseases and harmless to macadamia nuts into the drone's spraying system, and use fan spraying or circular spraying to spray. Regularly check the operation and prevention effects of smart pruning and pest and disease control equipment, and make adjustments and maintenance as needed.

2. The method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the soil pile is built in S22, you should wait for 3 weeks to 1 month for the organic matter to fully ferment and the soil to settle.

3. The method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soaking time in S22 is between 40 minutes and 1.5 hours. During the soaking process, gently stir the solution to make the rooting powder adhere to the roots of the seedlings more evenly.

4. The method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: When digging a small pit in S22, it is necessary to remove debris in the pit, including stones and weeds, to ensure that the soil in the pit is loose and fertile.

5. The method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S32, drones can be used for nutrient supplement spraying during the critical growth period of macadamia nuts, including the flowering period and the fruit setting period.

6. The method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: After receiving the feedback, the control center in S33 will collect the feedback data, automatically analyze it according to the growth of the seedlings, and promptly control the drip irrigation system to replenish or reduce water supply.

7. The method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S4 pruning robot has good recognition ability and pruning accuracy. It can accurately identify and prune sick and weak branches and overcrowded branches to improve the ventilation and light transmission of the tree and the photosynthesis efficiency.

8. The method for improving the survival rate of mountain macadamia nut planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flight altitude of the S5 drone is between 8 meters and 30 meters, and the application rate per acre is between 9 kilograms and 16 kilograms.

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