Method for improving coaxiality of main shaft string hole of workbench shell

Abstract

This invention relates to a machining method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bores in a worktable housing, belonging to the field of high-precision parts machining. The method includes the following steps: S1, fixing the worktable housing on a vertical lathe and precision machining a first datum surface, bores, and datum holes; S2, flipping the worktable housing and fixing it on the vertical lathe, precision machining a second datum surface and bores; S3, flipping the worktable housing and fixing it on a vertical milling table, precision grinding the first datum surface, bores, and datum holes; S4, flipping the worktable housing and fixing it on the vertical milling table, installing a part receiving plate into the bores on the second datum surface, and precision grinding the bores on the part receiving plate. A dial indicator is used for coaxiality correction, and equal-height magnetic blocks, fixtures, and adjusters are used to improve adjustment accuracy and the coaxiality of each bore. This invention, by repeatedly flipping the worktable housing and performing precision machining and calibration of the bores in stages, avoids the cumulative errors caused by single-processing, thus improving machining accuracy and the coaxiality of the bores.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-precision parts processing and relates to a processing method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bores in the worktable housing. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, despite significant progress in industrial automation and precision manufacturing technologies, and continuous improvement in the accuracy and stability of processing equipment, the complexity of the perforation sequence and the stringent precision requirements of the gear hobbing machine's combined worktable housing still pose a significant challenge to traditional processing methods.

[0003] Traditional machining methods for high-precision parts often tend to complete the machining of the entire part in one or fewer steps. However, this approach not only places extremely high demands on the precision and stability of the machining equipment, but also makes it difficult to effectively avoid the accumulation of errors during actual machining due to various factors such as material deformation, tool wear, and thermal effects. In particular, due to the influence of the workpiece's own structure, it is sometimes impossible to finish the entire workpiece in one clamping, requiring multiple clamping operations. These errors gradually accumulate in multiple machining steps, eventually severely affecting the coaxiality and overall precision of the part, causing it to fail to meet design requirements or even become scrapped. This problem not only tests the sophistication of machining technology but also has a profound impact on the final performance of the part.

[0004] Therefore, exploring new processing methods and processes, and how to achieve precise control to avoid the accumulation of errors, remains an important research direction in the field of high-precision parts processing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a machining method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bores of the worktable housing, which is precisely controlled step by step, avoiding the cumulative error caused by one-time machining, and improving the machining accuracy and coaxiality of the bores.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A machining method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bore of a worktable housing, wherein one end of the worktable housing is a first reference surface and the other end is a second reference surface, and a part receiving plate is provided in cooperation with the worktable housing. The part receiving plate has an outer circle on one side and a bore on the other side. The outer circle is inserted into the bore precision machined on the second reference surface to realize the connection between the worktable housing and the part receiving plate.

[0008] The method for machining perforated holes on the workbench housing includes the following steps:

[0009] S1, the workbench housing is fixed on the vertical workbench by the first machine tool, and the first reference surface, the through hole and the reference hole at one end of the workbench housing are precision machined in sequence; the through hole and the reference hole are arranged in sequence from the first reference surface to the inside of the workbench housing and are coaxially connected.

[0010] S2, after the workbench housing is rotated 180° and placed on the second machine tool, it is fixed on the vertical machine workbench by a clamp, the coaxiality of the reference hole is corrected, and then the second reference surface and the through hole on the second reference surface are precision machined at the other end of the workbench housing; wherein the through hole in step S2 should be ensured to be coaxial with the reference hole;

[0011] S3, rotate the worktable housing 180° again, install the worktable housing on the vertical mill worktable using the first vehicle, and after correcting the coaxiality of the through holes on the first reference surface, fine grind the first reference surface and the through holes and the reference holes on it.

[0012] S4, rotate the worktable housing 180° for the third time, and make contact with the magnetic block through the first reference surface, so that the worktable housing is fixed on the vertical mill worktable by the magnetic block. Then, insert the part receiving plate into the through hole of the second reference surface, and after correcting the coaxiality of the reference hole, finish grind the through hole on the side of the part receiving plate away from the worktable housing until it is coaxial with the reference hole.

[0013] Optionally, the workbench housing is provided with a third reference surface located between the first reference surface and the second reference surface; before performing step S1, the third reference surface of the workbench housing is first scraped by fitter, and the first fixture is installed on the vertical lathe workbench for precision machining of its top surface; the workbench housing is fixed to the first fixture in such a way that the third reference surface is in contact with the top surface of the first fixture.

[0014] Optionally, the third reference surface is scraped by a fitter to achieve an accuracy requirement of at least 12 points / 25x25.

[0015] Optionally, bolt holes are provided on the first reference surface. By fixing bolts in the bolt holes and passing through the third reference surface, the workbench housing is fixedly connected to the first vehicle.

[0016] Optionally, in step S4, the first reference surface is connected to the connecting plate by connecting bolts, and then the connecting plate is fixed on the magnetic block.

[0017] Optionally, the connecting plate can be tightened by an adjuster and its position finely adjusted, and the coaxiality of the reference hole can be corrected to 0.003mm using a dial indicator.

[0018] Optionally, during calibration, a dial indicator is mounted on the side wall of the via and / or the reference hole, and the coaxiality of the via and / or the reference hole is calibrated using the dial indicator.

[0019] Optionally, before proceeding to step S2, the second fixture is first installed on the vertical workbench, and the top surface of the second fixture is precision machined.

[0020] Optionally, before proceeding to step S3, the first fixture is first installed on the vertical mill worktable, and the top surface of the first fixture is finely ground.

[0021] Optionally, before proceeding to step S4, the surface of the magnetic block is ground to the same height until two opposing surfaces on the magnetic block are parallel; the block is then positioned on the vertical mill worktable with one of its surfaces in contact with the vertical mill worktable.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention decomposes the entire processing into multiple fine steps, each of which is precisely controlled and processed for a specific machining surface or hole. A third reference surface is scraped by a fitter to ensure the reference accuracy of subsequent processing. Using a first lathe, a second lathe, and clamps, various surfaces and holes of the worktable housing are precision turned and ground. After each processing step, strict accuracy and coaxiality corrections are performed. In particular, during the machining of the reference hole, precise calibration with a dial indicator and close cooperation with the clamps ensure that the coaxiality after each processing step is controlled within the allowable range. Furthermore, auxiliary tools such as equal-height magnetic blocks and adjusters are used to further reduce error accumulation during processing, improve overall machining accuracy, and enhance the machining accuracy and coaxiality of high-precision parts such as the gear hobbing machine's combined worktable housing.

[0024] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the workbench housing;

[0027] Figure 2This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection between the workbench shell and the vertical lathe workbench in step S1.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection between the workbench shell and the vertical lathe workbench in step S2.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection between the worktable housing and the vertical mill worktable in step S3.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection between the worktable housing and the vertical mill worktable in step S4.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 1. Workbench housing, 101. First reference surface, 102. Second reference surface, 103. Third reference surface, 104. Reference hole, 2. Part receiving plate, 201. Outer circle, 3. Bolt, 4. First fixture, 5. Vertical lathe workbench, 6. Fixture, 7. Second fixture, 8. Dial indicator, 9. Vertical mill workbench, 10. Connecting bolt, 11. Connecting plate, 12. Adjuster, 13. Magnetic block, 15. First serration hole, 16. Second serration hole, 17. Third serration hole, 18. Fourth serration hole. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0034] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0035] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] Please see Figures 1-5 This is a machining method to improve the coaxiality of the spindle bore of the worktable housing 1. One end of the worktable housing 1 is a first reference surface 101, and the other end is a second reference surface 102. The worktable housing 1 is also equipped with a part receiving plate 2. One side of the part receiving plate 2 is provided with an outer circle, and the other side is provided with a bore. The outer circle is inserted into the bore precision machined on the second reference surface 102 to realize the connection between the worktable housing 1 and the part receiving plate 2.

[0037] The method for machining the perforated holes on the worktable housing 1 includes the following steps:

[0038] S1, the workbench housing 1 is fixed on the vertical workbench 5 by the first machine tool 4, and the first reference surface 101, the through hole and the reference hole 104 on the first reference surface 101 are precision machined in sequence; the through hole and the reference hole 104 are arranged in sequence from the first reference surface 101 to the inside of the workbench housing 1 and are coaxially connected.

[0039] The workbench housing 1 is provided with a third reference surface 103 located between the first reference surface 101 and the second reference surface 102. Before step S1, the third reference surface 103 of the workbench housing 1 is first scraped by a fitter to achieve an accuracy requirement of at least 12 points / 25X25. The first fixture 4 is then mounted on the vertical lathe workbench 5 for precision machining of its top surface. The workbench housing 1 is fixed to the first fixture 4 by means of contact between the third reference surface 103 and the top surface of the first fixture 4.

[0040] The "12 points / 25x25" specifically refers to achieving at least 12 contact points within a 25mm x 25mm area. These contact points represent the actual contact area and uniformity between surfaces, used to evaluate the contact accuracy and surface quality of a workpiece after scraping. By controlling the number of contact points after scraping, better stability and precision of the parts can be ensured during assembly or use.

[0041] Bolt holes are provided on the first reference surface 101. By fixing the bolt 3 in the bolt holes and passing through the third reference surface 103, the workbench housing 1 is fixedly connected to the first vehicle 4.

[0042] S2, first install the second fixture 7 on the vertical lathe workbench 5, and finish machine the top surface of the second fixture 7. Then, rotate the workbench housing 1 180° and place it on the second fixture 7. Fix it on the vertical lathe workbench 5 using the clamp 6. Correct the coaxiality of the reference hole 104. Then finish machine the second reference surface 102 and the through hole on the second reference surface 102 at the other end of the workbench housing 1. The through hole in step S2 should be coaxial with the reference hole 104.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the clamp 6 is a gripper.

[0044] S3, first install the first tool 4 on the surface of the vertical mill worktable 9, and fine grind the top surface of the first tool 4; then rotate the worktable housing 1 180° again, install the worktable housing 1 on the vertical mill worktable 9 through the first tool 4, and after correcting the coaxiality of the through holes on the first reference surface 101, fine grind the first reference surface 101 and the through holes and reference holes 104 on it.

[0045] S4. First, grind the surface of the magnetic block 13 until the two opposite surfaces of the magnetic block 13 are parallel. Set it on the vertical mill worktable with one of its surfaces in contact with it. Then, rotate the worktable housing 1 180° for the third time and make it contact the magnetic block 13 through the first reference surface 101. Fix the worktable housing 1 on the vertical mill worktable 9 through the magnetic block 13. Then, insert the part receiving plate 2 into the through hole of the second reference surface 102. After correcting the coaxiality of the reference hole 104, finish grind the through hole on the side of the part receiving plate 2 away from the worktable housing 1 until it is coaxial with the reference hole 104.

[0046] In step S4, the first reference surface 101 is connected to the connecting plate 11 by the connecting bolt 10, and then the connecting plate 11 is fixed on the magnetic block 13; the connecting plate 11 is tightened by the adjuster 12 and its position is finely adjusted, and the coaxiality of the reference hole 104 is corrected to 0.003mm with the help of the dial indicator 8.

[0047] During calibration, the dial indicator 8 is installed on the side wall of the via and / or reference hole 104, and the coaxiality of the via and / or reference hole 104 is calibrated by the dial indicator 8.

[0048] The side of the part receiving plate 2 that contacts the worktable housing 1 is set as an outer circle 201, and the other side is provided with a through hole. The outer circle 201 and the through hole have been precision machined beforehand. The diameter of the outer circle 201 is consistent with the diameter of the through hole on the second reference surface 102 of the worktable housing 1, with only a 0.1mm allowance. After the part receiving plate 2 is installed on the worktable housing 1, it will be corrected and precision ground to ensure the matching degree between the part receiving plate 2 and the worktable housing 1, facilitate the connection, and also improve the coaxiality of the through hole and the reference hole 104 on the part receiving plate 2.

[0049] In the gear hobbing machine's combined worktable housing 1, the worktable housing 1 and the parts receiving plate 2 are typically used together. The worktable housing 1 usually has structural functions such as enclosure and support, used to accommodate and support other components of the worktable. The parts receiving plate 2 often serves to connect and support key components of the worktable, transmit torque, and bear loads. In the design of the worktable, the parts receiving plate 2 is usually designed to fit tightly with the worktable housing 1 to ensure the stability and functionality of the worktable.

[0050] In step S4, grinding the magnetic block 13 to the same height improves machining accuracy and subsequent machining efficiency, and also enables rapid and accurate positioning of the worktable housing 1. Compared with traditional mechanical positioning methods, it has higher accuracy and stability. This helps to reduce positioning errors during machining and improve the machining accuracy of parts.

[0051] The first reference surface 101, the second reference surface 102, and the third reference surface 103 of the workbench housing 1 are parallel to each other, wherein the third reference surface 103 is an annular reference surface.

[0052] The first fixture 4 is a ring-shaped fixture that mates with the ring shape of the third reference surface 103. The ring-shaped fixture has a groove inside. After the third reference surface 103 of the workbench housing 1 is fitted, the workbench housing 1 is embedded in the groove. It is fixed in the bolt hole by an M12 bolt 3, which passes through the third reference surface 103 and the top surface of the first fixture 4, so that the workbench housing 1 and the first fixture 4 are fixedly connected.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second vehicle 7 is a disc vehicle, and its surface can cover the surface of the connecting disc 11 to ensure the stability of the workbench housing 1 fixed to the second vehicle 7 by the connecting disc 11.

[0054] Example:

[0055] S1, perform fitter scraping on the third reference surface 103 of the workbench housing 1 to achieve the accuracy requirement of 12 points / 25X25;

[0056] S2, install the first fixture 4 onto the vertical lathe workbench 5, and finish machine the top surface of the ring fixture;

[0057] S3, install the workbench housing 1 onto the first vehicle 4 and connect it using bolts 3;

[0058] S4, the first reference surface 101 of the precision machining worktable housing 1, as well as the first bore 15 (￠260), the second bore 16 (￠241) and the reference hole 104 (￠175), ensure that the coaxiality of each hole is within 0.01mm, and each hole has a margin of 0.1mm.

[0059] "Leave a 0.1mm allowance" means reserving 0.1mm of extra material for the diameter or size of the hole. When machining holes, a certain material thickness needs to be reserved to avoid the hole size being too small or too large, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the parts during assembly or use.

[0060] S5, remove the first vehicle part 4;

[0061] S6, install the second fixture 7 onto the vertical lathe workbench 5, and finish machine the top surface of the second fixture 7;

[0062] S7, the workbench housing 1 is flipped over and placed on the second fixture 7, the workbench housing 1 is clamped with the clamp 6, and the reference hole 104 of the workbench housing 1 is corrected with the dial indicator 8 so that its coaxiality error does not exceed 0.005mm.

[0063] According to general standards in the field of mechanical engineering, coaxiality tolerance values ​​are usually specified in millimeters. Therefore, when the coaxiality requirement is 0.005, it means that the maximum permissible deviation between the two axis lines is 0.005 mm.

[0064] S8, the second reference surface 102, the third bore 17 (￠260), and the fourth bore 18 (￠215) of the precision machining table housing 1;

[0065] S9, Assemble the part receiving plate 2 onto the workbench housing 1, so that the outer circle 201 (￠260) of the part receiving plate 2 is embedded in the third pier 17 (￠260);

[0066] S10, install the first fixture 4 onto the vertical mill worktable 9 and fine grind the top surface of the first fixture 4;

[0067] S11, Install the workbench housing 1 onto the first vehicle 4 and tighten it with bolts 3. Use a dial indicator 8 to calibrate the fourth pier 18 of the workbench housing 1 so that the error does not exceed 0.005mm.

[0068] S12, precision grind the first reference surface 101, the first bore 15 (￠260), the second bore 16 (￠241) and the reference hole 104 (￠175) of the worktable housing 1 to ensure that the coaxiality error does not exceed 0.004mm;

[0069] S13, remove the first fixture 4 from the vertical mill worktable 9;

[0070] S14, Install the magnetic block 13 onto the surface of the vertical mill worktable 9 and grind it to the same height;

[0071] S15, the connecting plate 11 is installed onto the workbench housing 1 using connecting bolts 10, and the parallelism of the two sides of the connecting plate 11 is 0.002mm;

[0072] Parallelism refers to the degree to which two planes or two lines are parallel, and it refers to the maximum permissible error in the parallelism of one plane (side) relative to another plane (side).

[0073] S16, place the connecting plate 11 and the workbench housing 1 on the equal-height magnetic block 13, and use the adjuster 12 to tighten the connecting plate 11;

[0074] S17, Use dial indicator 8 to calibrate the reference hole 104 of the worktable housing 1 so that the error does not exceed 0.003mm;

[0075] S18, the pier (￠210) of the precision-ground part receiving plate 2.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machining method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bore in a worktable housing, characterized in that: One end of the workbench housing (1) is a first reference surface (101), and the other end is a second reference surface (102). The workbench housing (1) is also equipped with a part receiving plate (2). One side of the part receiving plate (2) is provided with an outer circle, and the other side is provided with a through hole. The outer circle is inserted into the through hole precision machined on the second reference surface (102) to realize the connection between the workbench housing (1) and the part receiving plate (2). The method for machining the perforated holes on the workbench housing (1) includes the following steps: S1, the workbench housing (1) is fixed on the vertical lathe workbench (5) by the first machine tool (4), and the first reference surface (101), the through hole and the reference hole (104) on the first reference surface (101) are precision machined in sequence; the through hole and the reference hole (104) are arranged in sequence from the first reference surface (101) to the inside of the workbench housing (1) and are coaxially connected; S2, after the workbench housing (1) is rotated 180°, it is placed on the second machine tool (7) and fixed on the vertical machine workbench (5) by the clamp (6). The coaxiality of the reference hole (104) is corrected, and then the second reference surface (102) and the through hole on the second reference surface (102) are precision machined at the other end of the workbench housing (1). The through hole in step S2 should be coaxial with the reference hole (104). S3, rotate the workbench housing (1) 180° again, and install the workbench housing (1) on the vertical mill workbench (9) using the first vehicle (4). After correcting the coaxiality of the through holes on the first reference surface (101), fine grind the first reference surface (101) and the through holes and the reference hole (104) on it. S4, the worktable housing (1) is rotated 180° for the third time, and the magnetic block (13) is brought into contact with the first reference surface (101), so that the worktable housing (1) is fixed on the vertical mill worktable (9) by the magnetic block (13). Then the part receiving plate (2) is inserted into the through hole of the second reference surface (102). After the coaxiality of the reference hole (104) is corrected, the through hole on the side of the part receiving plate (2) away from the worktable housing (1) is finely ground to be coaxial with the reference hole (104).

2. The machining method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bore in the worktable housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench housing (1) is provided with a third reference surface (103) located between the first reference surface (101) and the second reference surface (102); before performing step S1, the third reference surface (103) of the workbench housing (1) is first scraped by fitter, and the first tool (4) is installed on the vertical lathe workbench (5) for precision machining of its top surface; the workbench housing (1) is fixed on the first tool (4) in such a way that the third reference surface (103) contacts the top surface of the first tool (4).

3. The machining method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bore in the worktable housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third reference surface (103) is scraped by a fitter to achieve an accuracy requirement of at least 12 points / 25X25.

4. The machining method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bore in the worktable housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: Bolt holes are provided on the first reference surface (101). By fixing the bolt (3) in the bolt holes and passing through the third reference surface (103), the workbench housing (1) is fixedly connected to the first vehicle (4).

5. The machining method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bore in the worktable housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the first reference surface (101) is connected to the connecting plate (11) by the connecting bolt (10), and then the connecting plate (11) is fixed on the magnetic block (13).

6. The machining method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bore in the worktable housing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting plate (11) is tightened by the adjuster (12) and its position is finely adjusted. The coaxiality of the reference hole (104) is corrected by the dial indicator (8).

7. The machining method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bore in the worktable housing according to claim 6, characterized in that: During calibration, a dial indicator (8) is installed on the side wall of the via and / or the reference hole (104), and the coaxiality of the via and / or the reference hole (104) is calibrated by the dial indicator (8).

8. The machining method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bore in the worktable housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before proceeding to step S2, the second fixture (7) is installed on the vertical workbench (5), and the top surface of the second fixture (7) is precision machined.

9. The machining method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bore in the worktable housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before proceeding to step S3, the first tool (4) is installed on the surface of the vertical mill workbench (9), and the top surface of the first tool (4) is finely ground.

10. The machining method for improving the coaxiality of the spindle bore in the worktable housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before proceeding to step S4, the surface of the magnetic block (13) is ground until the two opposing surfaces of the magnetic block (13) are parallel; the block is then placed on the vertical mill table (9) with one of its surfaces in contact with the vertical mill table (9).

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