Integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment

Abstract

The application discloses integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment, which comprises a clamping robot, a first collecting box, a fixed box body, a polishing system, a polishing system, a transmission system, a second collecting box, a mounting table and a clamping system, wherein the clamping robot, the first collecting box, the polishing system, the fixed box body, the polishing system and the second collecting box are sequentially and detachably installed on the mounting table at intervals; the polishing system is arranged on the right side of the clamping robot and is used for polishing the metallographic sample; the polishing system is arranged on the side, away from the clamping robot, of the polishing system and is used for polishing the polished metallographic sample; the transmission system is adapted to the polishing system and the polishing system for open and close transmission cooperation; the polishing system, the transmission system and the polishing system are detachably connected in the fixed box body; and the clamping system is used for clamping the metallographic sample and is slidably connected with the transmission system. Through the combined work of the above-mentioned systems, the metallographic sample can be ground and polished in batches and with high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metallographic sample grinding and polishing technology, and specifically relates to an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Metallographic specimens are important tools for observing the microstructure of metallic materials. By studying the microstructure of metallographic specimens, information can be obtained about the material's composition, structure, and processing techniques. Therefore, the preparation of metallographic specimens is a delicate process, with grinding and polishing being the most crucial steps.

[0003] In existing techniques for preparing metallographic specimens, it is first necessary to select representative samples to cut the specimens. However, the cut specimens are usually too small or irregularly shaped to be directly ground. Therefore, the cut specimens need to be embedded in thermosetting plastic, and then manually polished with sandpaper of different grits. Finally, the polished specimens are manually polished on a polishing machine. This method of preparing metallographic specimens is not only inefficient, time-consuming, and has a low yield, but it also easily causes injury to the operator's hands. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of difficulty in clamping and low efficiency in the grinding and polishing process of metallographic specimens in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment includes a clamping robot, a first collection box, a fixed box, a grinding system, a polishing system, a transmission system, a second collection box, a mounting table, and a clamping system.

[0006] The mounting platform is a rectangular plate. A clamping robot, a first collection box, a grinding system, a fixed housing, a polishing system, and a second collection box are sequentially and detachably mounted on the mounting platform at intervals. The grinding system is located on the right side of the clamping robot and is used to grind the metallographic sample. The polishing system is located on the side of the grinding system away from the clamping robot and is used to polish the ground metallographic sample. A transmission system is installed around the first collection box, the grinding system, the polishing system, and the second collection box, and is adapted to switch transmission with the grinding and polishing systems. The grinding system, transmission system, and polishing system are detachably connected inside the fixed housing. A clamping system is used to clamp the metallographic sample; the clamping system meshes with and slides with the transmission system.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, this application establishes an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment consisting of a clamping robot, a first collection box, a fixed box, a grinding system, a polishing system, a transmission system, a second collection box, a mounting table, and a clamping system. This equipment enables the large-scale, high-efficiency grinding and polishing of metallographic samples. During operation, the clamping robot holds the metallographic sample to be ground or polished in the first collection box and then clamps it onto the clamping system, which slides on the transmission system to one side of the clamping robot. The clamping system holds the sample and slides clockwise on the transmission system. The sample then enters the grinding system for grinding, followed by the polishing system for polishing. Finally, the ground and polished sample is placed in the second collection box. This achieves a streamlined operation for grinding and polishing metallographic samples, significantly saving manpower and time costs and avoiding damage to hands caused by manual grinding and polishing.

[0008] The polishing system includes a power mechanism, a rotating mechanism assembly, a sandpaper loading mechanism, and a chip removal mechanism arranged sequentially at intervals on the spindle.

[0009] The spindle is positioned between the power mechanism and the chip removal mechanism, and is detachably connected to both. The power mechanism provides power for the rotation of the spindle.

[0010] Preferably, the power mechanism includes a fixed plate, a first worm gear, a first motor, and a first turbine.

[0011] The fixed plate is rectangular, and two sets of bases are integrally formed along the symmetrical line of its long side on one side of the fixed plate. Each base has a worm gear hole. The first motor is detachably connected to the side of the fixed plate with the base. The output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the first worm. The two ends of the first worm are rotatably installed in the worm gear hole, and their fit is clearance fit. The first turbine has a main shaft mounting hole in the middle, and the main shaft mounting hole is detachably connected to the upper end of the main shaft. The first turbine and the first worm mesh and drive each other. The rotation of the first motor drives the first worm to rotate, thereby driving the first worm wheel to rotate, and then driving the main shaft to rotate.

[0012] The rotating mechanism assembly is installed inside the sandpaper loading mechanism and consists of 6 rotating mechanisms that are detachably connected in pairs around the main shaft. The rotating mechanism has a hollow trapezoidal structure. Two first annular racks are arranged along the symmetrical line of the long side on the inner and outer surfaces of the rotating mechanism. Two sets of first U-shaped guide rails are fixed on both sides of the first annular racks and on the rotating mechanism. The first U-shaped guide rails are provided with sliding grooves. The short side of the rotating mechanism is arc-shaped, and the radius of the short side is the same as the radius of the middle section of the main shaft.

[0013] The sandpaper loading mechanism includes a mounting frame, a first pneumatic cylinder, a sandpaper loading plate, and a lifting mechanism. The mounting frame is a hollow hexagonal structure. The first pneumatic cylinder is vertically mounted on six planes inside the mounting frame. The sandpaper loading plate is a rectangular thin plate and is detachably connected to the output end of the first pneumatic cylinder. Each sandpaper loading plate is equipped with sandpaper of different grits for polishing metallographic samples. Each sandpaper loading plate is positioned directly in front of each plane inside the mounting frame and is parallel to each plane inside the mounting frame. To ensure stable support, four first pneumatic cylinders are installed between each plane inside the mounting frame and the sandpaper loading plate. The sandpaper loading plate moves along the direction of extension and retraction of the first pneumatic cylinder.

[0014] Using the above technical solution, the power mechanism provides power for the rotation of the main shaft, enabling the rotating mechanism assembly to rotate at an angle relative to the mounting frame, ensuring that each side of the rotating mechanism assembly remains parallel to the sandpaper loading plate. The sandpaper loading plate, located inside the sandpaper loading mechanism, can be fitted with sandpaper of different grits according to the actual polishing requirements. For example, 400 grit, 600 grit, 800 grit, 1000 grit, 1500 grit, and 2000 grit sandpaper can be respectively installed on the six sandpaper loading plates, allowing the metallographic sample to be automatically polished sequentially from the smallest grit sandpaper to the largest grit sandpaper, achieving the polishing standard for the metallographic sample.

[0015] The lifting mechanism is used to lift the mounting frame.

[0016] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a housing, a second motor, a protective frame, support legs, a mounting rod, a second turbine, and a second worm gear.

[0017] The outer casing has a U-shaped groove structure. The outer casing is vertically and detachably connected to the mounting platform. The second motor is slidably mounted on the inner surface of the outer casing. The outer casing is detachably connected to the support leg.

[0018] The support leg has a dumbbell-shaped stepped shaft that is thinner in the middle and thicker at both ends. A rectangular groove is vertically installed inside one side of the middle section of the support leg, and a straight toothed rack is vertically integrated inside the rectangular groove. The bottom of the support leg is detachably connected to the mounting platform.

[0019] The mounting rod is integrally connected by a mounting base, a connecting rod, and a mounting ring. The mounting base is detachably connected to the outer surface of the mounting frame, and the mounting ring is clearance-fitted with the middle section of the support leg. An opening groove is integrally provided on one side of the mounting ring, and the opening groove is installed parallel to the rectangular groove. A second turbine and a second worm are provided inside the opening groove, and the second turbine and the second worm mesh for transmission. The second turbine meshes with a spur rack for transmission.

[0020] The protective frame has a Y-shaped groove structure. The protective frame and the opening groove are detachably connected. The output end of the second motor is detachably connected to one end of the second worm gear through the protective frame. The second motor drives the second worm gear to mesh with the second turbine, and the second turbine meshes with the rack and pinion, thereby causing the mounting rod to slide on the support leg, and thus causing the mounting frame to move up and down.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotation of the second motor can make the mounting bracket rise or fall quickly and automatically relative to the rotating mechanism assembly, thereby improving the working efficiency of the polishing system.

[0022] The chip removal mechanism is located below the main shaft to collect metal chips generated after the metallographic sample is polished with sandpaper.

[0023] Preferably, the chip removal mechanism includes a storage box and a lever. The storage box is a hollow cylinder with a concave upper surface and a triangular groove. The lower surface of the storage box is detachably connected to the mounting platform. The lever is detachably and vertically mounted on one side of the bottom of the spindle. The rotation of the spindle drives the lever to rotate. After metal chips fall onto the upper surface of the storage box, the rotation of the lever pushes the metal chips into the triangular groove, thereby causing the metal chips to fall into the storage box.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, metallographic samples can collect falling metal debris while being polished, thus avoiding the adverse effects of metal debris on the operation of the system.

[0025] The transmission system includes a circular track, a first moving track, a second moving track, a changing track, a straight track, a second pneumatic cylinder, and a third pneumatic cylinder; and the circular track, the first moving track, the second moving track, the changing track, and the straight track are adapted to switch the transmission.

[0026] The circular track has a C-shaped structure. Two second racks are spaced apart on the lower surface of the circular track, and a second pneumatic cylinder is fixed to one end of the upper surface. Two sets of second U-shaped guide rails are fixed on both sides of the second racks.

[0027] The first and second motion tracks have the same structure and are both L-shaped. The lower surface of the first motion track has two third racks spaced apart, and one side of its upper surface is fixedly connected to the output end of the second pneumatic cylinder. Two sets of third U-shaped guide rails are fixedly installed on both sides of the third racks. The lower surface of the second motion track has two fourth racks spaced apart, and two sets of fourth U-shaped guide rails are fixedly installed on both sides of the fourth racks.

[0028] The track has an elliptical structure. Two fifth racks are spaced apart on the lower surface of the track. Two sets of fifth U-shaped guide rails are fixed on both sides of the fifth racks. The track is adapted to switch transmission by four quarter-circle arc tracks and two semi-circle arc tracks. The upper surface of the semi-circle arc track is integrally provided with the first base.

[0029] Two sixth racks are spaced apart on the lower surface of the straight track, and a third pneumatic cylinder is fixed to one end of the upper surface; two sets of sixth U-shaped guide rails are fixed on both sides of the sixth racks; the output end of the third pneumatic cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the upper surface of the second motion track.

[0030] Preferably, the upper surfaces of the annular track, the first moving track, the second moving track, the changing track, and the straight track are located on the same horizontal plane; the tooth pitch and structure of each set of the first annular rack, the second rack, the third rack, the fourth rack, the fifth rack, and the sixth rack are the same, and the track gauge and structure of each set of the first U-shaped guide rail, the second U-shaped guide rail, the third U-shaped guide rail, the fourth U-shaped guide rail, the fifth U-shaped guide rail, and the sixth U-shaped guide rail are the same; the first moving track can move along the direction of the extension of the second pneumatic cylinder so that the third rack and the third U-shaped guide rail can respectively dock with the first annular rack and the first U-shaped guide rail; the second moving track can move along the direction of the extension of the third pneumatic cylinder so that the fourth rack and the fourth U-shaped guide rail can respectively dock with the first annular rack and the first U-shaped guide rail.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the circular track, the first motion track, the rotating mechanism assembly, the second motion track, the straight track, and the track-changing track can form a closed-loop system. The specific workflow is as follows: The clamping system holds the metallographic sample to be polished and slides it from the annular track to the first motion track. Then, the lifting mechanism lowers the mounting frame, and the second pneumatic cylinder pushes the first motion track to engage with the rotating mechanism assembly, so that the third rack and the third U-shaped guide rail engage with the first annular rack and the first U-shaped guide rail, respectively. Subsequently, the clamping system holds the metallographic sample to be polished and enters the rotating mechanism assembly from the sliding groove. Finally, the second pneumatic cylinder located on the left side of the polishing system pulls the first motion track back to the initial position, and the lifting mechanism raises the mounting frame to the initial position. By sliding the clamping system inside the rotating mechanism assembly and driving the rotating mechanism assembly to rotate, the clamping system can polish the metallographic sample on each sandpaper loading plate.

[0032] First, the first pneumatic cylinder drives the sandpaper loading plate to retract. Then, the power mechanism drives the rotating mechanism assembly to rotate the side with the clamping system to a position parallel to the sandpaper loading plate with 400-grit sandpaper. Subsequently, the first pneumatic cylinder drives the sandpaper loading plate to extend a suitable distance so that the surface of the metallographic sample comes into contact with the 400-grit sandpaper. The clamping system clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and begins to polish it on the sandpaper loading plate with 400-grit sandpaper. After polishing for 2-3 minutes, the first pneumatic cylinder continues to retract the sandpaper loading plate. The first drive motor inside the clamping system drives the rotating disk to rotate 180 degrees, changing the direction of the metallographic sample held by the clamping system. After that, the first pneumatic cylinder drives the sandpaper loading plate back to its original position. The clamping system holds the metallographic sample to be polished and continues to polish on the loading plate with 400-grit sandpaper. After polishing for another 2-3 minutes, the first pneumatic cylinder drives the sandpaper loading plate to retract again. The power mechanism drives the rotating mechanism assembly to rotate the side with the clamping system to a position parallel to the sandpaper loading plate with 600-grit sandpaper. Then, the first pneumatic cylinder drives the sandpaper loading plate to extend a suitable distance, so that the surface of the metallographic sample contacts the 600-grit sandpaper. The clamping system holds the metallographic sample and begins to polish on the loading plate with 600-grit sandpaper, and so on up to 2000-grit sandpaper.

[0033] After the metallographic sample is polished by the clamping system on the sandpaper loading plate equipped with 2000-grit sandpaper, the first pneumatic cylinder continues to drive the sandpaper loading plate to retract, and the power mechanism drives the rotating mechanism assembly to rotate the side of the clamping system to a position parallel to the right side of the mounting frame.

[0034] Then, the lifting mechanism lowers the mounting frame, and the third pneumatic cylinder pushes the second motion track to engage with the rotating mechanism assembly, causing the fourth rack and fourth U-shaped guide rail to engage with the first annular rack and first U-shaped guide rail, respectively. The clamping system then holds the polished metallographic sample and slides it through the sliding groove from inside the rotating mechanism assembly onto the second motion track. Subsequently, the lifting mechanism continues to raise the mounting frame to its initial position, and the clamping system, holding the polished metallographic sample, slides from the second motion track to the straight track, and then to the variable track track. This achieves automated polishing of the metallographic sample, greatly improving polishing efficiency and saving polishing time.

[0035] The clamping system includes a first support frame, a second support frame, a rotating gear, a slide rail, a first drive motor, a second drive motor, a rotating disk, and a flexible clamp.

[0036] Both the first support frame and the second support frame are pi-shaped. The first drive motor is fixedly installed inside the upper surface of the first support frame, and the second drive motor is fixedly installed on both sides inside the first support frame. The rotating disk is located above the first support frame, and the center of the rotating disk is fixedly connected to the output end of the first drive motor. The center of the rotating gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second drive motor.

[0037] The second support frame is detachably installed inside the first support frame. The rotating gear rotates inside the second support frame, and the slide rail is detachably installed at the bottom of the first and second support frames.

[0038] Preferably, the rotating gear meshes with the first annular rack, the second rack, the third rack, the fourth rack, the fifth rack, and the sixth rack for transmission.

[0039] Preferably, the slide rail slides on the first U-shaped guide rail, the second U-shaped guide rail, the third U-shaped guide rail, the fourth U-shaped guide rail, the fifth U-shaped guide rail, and the sixth U-shaped guide rail.

[0040] Using the above technical solution, the second drive motor drives the rotating gear to rotate, and the rotating gear meshes with the first ring rack, the second rack, the third rack, the fourth rack, the fifth rack, and the sixth rack for transmission. The slide rail slides on the first U-shaped guide rail, the second U-shaped guide rail, the third U-shaped guide rail, the fourth U-shaped guide rail, the fifth U-shaped guide rail, and the sixth U-shaped guide rail, which allows the clamping system to automatically clamp the metallographic sample and slide inside the ring track, the first motion track, the rotating mechanism assembly, the straight track, and the variable track.

[0041] The flexible fixture consists of two detachable clamping mechanisms symmetrically arranged on the rotating disk to clamp metallographic specimens.

[0042] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a power box, a telescopic cylinder, a clamping box, a spring, and a top shell.

[0043] The power box has an arc-shaped cavity structure with a telescopic cylinder at the center of the internal arc surface.

[0044] The clamping box has a hollow trapezoidal structure. The geometric center of the short outer surface of the clamping box is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic cylinder. The short inner surface of the clamping box is integrally arrayed with push rods. Each push rod is perpendicular to the short inner surface of the clamping box. The push rod is cylindrical and its length is two-thirds of the distance between the short and long sides of the clamping box. The long side of the clamping box is arrayed with telescopic through holes. Each push rod and each telescopic through hole are concentric.

[0045] The top shell has a bullet-shaped structure, with one end being a hemisphere and the other end having a hollow cylindrical groove inside. The hollow cylindrical groove is fitted with the top rod with a clearance fit, and the top shell is fitted with the telescopic through hole with a clearance fit.

[0046] The spring and the top rod are installed concentrically. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the short side of the clamping box, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the end of the top shell with a hollow cylindrical groove. The spring applies elastic force to the top shell.

[0047] By employing the above technical solution and incorporating flexible clamps into the clamping system, the system can hold metallographic samples of different shapes and sizes, significantly improving the clamping efficiency. Furthermore, by integrating a telescopic cylinder and a clamping box into the clamping mechanism, the telescopic cylinder automatically pulls the clamping box when the metallographic sample slides on the transport system above the second collection box, causing the sample to fall from the clamping system into the second collection box, thus achieving automated collection of the ground and polished metallographic samples.

[0048] The polishing system includes a track changing mechanism and a polishing machine, with the track changing mechanism located on the upper side of the polishing machine.

[0049] The track changing mechanism is used to change the structure of the track changing mechanism, and the polishing machine is used to polish metallographic samples. The track changing mechanism splices two semi-circular tracks into a disc, and the clamping system that slides onto the semi-circular track clamps the metallographic sample for polishing on the polishing machine.

[0050] Preferably, the track changing mechanism includes a top plate, a fourth pneumatic cylinder, a track changing mechanism, a support column, and a push plate.

[0051] The top plate is a rectangular thin plate, and a fourth pneumatic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top plate.

[0052] The track-changing mechanism includes a track-changing frame and a track-changing rod movably mounted on the track-changing frame. The track-changing frame is T-shaped and consists of two track-changing plates and a support plate connected vertically and integrally. The two track-changing plates are arranged in parallel and have the same structure. Both the support plate and the track-changing plates are rectangular thin plates, and track-changing plates are provided on the track-changing plates.

[0053] The structure of the track-changing rod is ∟-shaped. One end of the track-changing rod is movably connected to the track-changing rod, and the other end of the track-changing rod is fixedly connected to the first base. The top plate and the support plate are fixedly connected by the support column. One end of the support column is fixedly connected to the top plate, the support column passes through the support plate and is fixedly connected to the support plate, and the other end of the support column is fixedly connected to the upper plane of the four quarter-circle arc tracks included in the track-changing rod.

[0054] The push plate has a T-shaped structure and is vertically and integrally connected to the connecting plate and the bearing plate; the connecting plate is located between the two changing plates and is detachably connected to the output end of the fourth pneumatic cylinder; the bearing plate has a dumbbell-shaped structure and guide grooves are provided at both ends of the bearing plate, and the changing rod moves in the guide grooves; a first guide rail is fixedly provided on the side of the bearing plate away from the connecting plate, and the first base slides on the first guide rail.

[0055] The fourth pneumatic cylinder pushes the push plate downward, which in turn drives the track-changing rod to move in the track. After the push plate moves downward a certain distance, the track-changing rod drives the two semi-circular arc tracks to move downward while moving towards each other, so that the two semi-circular arc tracks are spliced ​​into a disc. The clamping system on the semi-circular arc track clamps the metallographic sample and polishes it on the polishing machine.

[0056] Preferably, the polishing machine includes a polishing box, a polishing motor, a polishing disc, and a water supply system.

[0057] The polishing box is composed of a cylindrical shell and a cuboid shell connected as one piece. The cylindrical shell is vertically positioned at the center of the upper surface of the cuboid shell, and the polishing motor is installed inside the cylindrical shell.

[0058] The polishing disc has a circular structure and is installed inside the cylindrical shell with its upper surface 2 cm lower than the upper surface of the cylindrical shell. The center of the polishing disc is fixedly connected to the output end of the polishing motor. The polishing disc and the cylindrical shell are concentric and the upper surface is covered with a polishing cloth. The polishing motor rotates, which drives the polishing disc to rotate and polish the metallographic sample placed on it.

[0059] The rectangular outer shell is equipped with a water supply system to inject water or polishing fluid into the surface of the polishing pad during polishing.

[0060] Using the above technical solution, when the clamping system holds the polished metallographic sample and slides it from inside the rotating mechanism assembly to the second motion track, then to the straight track, and finally to the two semi-circular arc tracks of the variable track, the clamping system stops sliding. The fourth pneumatic cylinder begins to push the push plate downward, and the variable track rod begins to move in the variable track. After the push plate moves downward a certain distance, due to the effect of the variable track, the variable track rod drives the two semi-circular arc tracks to move in opposite directions while moving downward, thus splicing the two semi-circular arc tracks into a disc. Subsequently, the polishing motor drives the polishing disc to rotate, and the clamping system on the semi-circular arc track holds the metallographic sample on the polishing disc for polishing. At the same time, the water supply system injects water or polishing liquid into the surface of the polishing disc, achieving a better polishing effect for the metallographic sample.

[0061] The enclosure is used to protect, install, and position the internal systems.

[0062] Preferably, the fixed box has a U-shaped groove structure, and strip grooves are provided on the front and rear surfaces of the fixed box to observe the operation of the internal system of the fixed box.

[0063] The upper surface inside the fixed housing is provided with connecting columns and connecting rods; the connecting columns are detachably connected to the upper surface of the annular track; the connecting rods are detachably connected to the cylinder bodies of the second and third pneumatic cylinders.

[0064] The upper surface of the fixed plate included in the power mechanism is detachably connected to the inner surface of the upper plate of the fixed housing.

[0065] Preferably, the clamping robot includes a support base, a robotic arm, a robot control cabinet, and grippers.

[0066] The support base is detachably installed on the upper part of the mounting platform, and the robotic arm is movably connected to the upper part of the support base. The robotic arm drives the gripper to work. The robot control cabinet is detachably installed on one side of the robotic arm and is electrically connected to the clamping robot.

[0067] The first and second collection boxes are rectangular boxes with open upper surfaces. The first and second collection boxes have the same structure and their lower surfaces are detachably connected to the mounting platform. The first collection box is used to hold metallographic samples to be ground and polished, and the second collection box is used to hold metallographic samples that have been ground and polished.

[0068] The clamping robot's grippers hold the metallographic specimens to be ground and polished in the first collection box, and clamp them onto a clamping system that slides on a circular track on one side of the clamping robot. The clamping system holds the metallographic specimens to be ground and polished and slides clockwise on the transport system. Then, the specimens enter the grinding system to grind them, and then enter the polishing system to polish them.

[0069] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping efficiency of metallographic specimens is greatly improved by setting up a clamping robot to achieve automated clamping.

[0070] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This application establishes an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment consisting of a clamping robot, a first collection box, a fixed box, a grinding system, a polishing system, a transmission system, a second collection box, a mounting table, and a clamping system. This allows for the large-scale, high-efficiency grinding and polishing of metallographic samples. During operation, the clamping robot holds the metallographic sample to be ground or polished in the first collection box and clamps it onto the clamping system, which slides along a circular track on one side of the clamping robot. The clamping system holds the sample and slides clockwise on the transmission system. The sample then enters the grinding system for grinding, followed by the polishing system for polishing. Finally, the ground and polished sample is placed in the second collection box. This achieves a streamlined operation for grinding and polishing metallographic samples, significantly saving manpower and time costs and avoiding damage to hands caused by manual grinding and polishing. Attached Figure Description

[0071] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in this embodiment of the invention without a fixed housing; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention, without a fixed housing, during operation. Figure 4 This is a top view of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in this embodiment of the invention without a fixed housing; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed housing of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing system of the integrated metallographic sample polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the polishing system of the integrated metallographic sample polishing equipment provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the power mechanism of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the main shaft and rotating mechanism assembly of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating mechanism of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the main shaft, rotating mechanism assembly, and sandpaper loading mechanism of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Sectional view of AA; Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention when the outer shell is not in use; Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the main shaft and chip removal mechanism of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the track changing mechanism of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the track changing mechanism of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in this embodiment of the invention during operation; Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the track-changing mechanism and track of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 19This is a schematic diagram of the track-changing mechanism and track from another perspective of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing machine of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission system of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping system of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 23 for Figure 22 A partial sectional view; Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible fixture of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 25 for Figure 24 A sectional view; Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping system and straight track of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 27 This is a partial structural diagram of the rotating mechanism assembly of the integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment provided in this embodiment of the invention when it is connected to the second motion track.

[0072] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Clamping robot; 1-1. Support base; 1-2. Robotic arm; 1-3. Robot control cabinet; 1-4. Gripper; 2. First collection box; 3. Fix the enclosure; 3-1. Connecting post; 3-2. Connecting rod; 4. Polishing system; 4-1. Spindle; 4-2. Power mechanism; 4-3. Rotating mechanism assembly; 4-4. Sandpaper loading mechanism; 4-5. Chip removal mechanism; 4-2-1, Fixed plate; 4-2-2, First worm gear; 4-2-3, First motor; 4-2-4, First turbine; 4-2-1-1, Base; 4-2-4-1, Spindle mounting hole; 4-2-1-1-1, Worm hole; 4-3-1. Rotating mechanism; 4-3-1-1, First annular rack; 4-3-1-2, First U-shaped guide rail; 4-3-1-2-1, Sliding groove; 4-4-1. Mounting bracket; 4-4-2. First pneumatic cylinder; 4-4-3. Sandpaper loading plate; 4-4-4. Lifting mechanism; 4-4-4-1, Outer casing; 4-4-4-2, Second motor; 4-4-4-3, Protective frame; 4-4-4-4, Support leg; 4-4-4-5, Mounting rod; 4-4-4-6, Second turbine; 4-4-4-7, Second worm gear; 4-4-4-4-1, Rectangular groove; 4-4-4-4-2, Straight rack; 4-4-4-5-1, Mounting base; 4-4-4-5-2, Connecting rod; 4-4-4-5-3, Mounting ring; 4-4-4-5-3-1, Opening groove; 4-5-1, Storage box; 4-5-2, Lever; 4-5-1-1, Triangular groove; 5. Polishing system; 5-1. Track changing mechanism; 5-2. Polishing machine; 5-1-1, Top plate; 5-1-2, Fourth pneumatic cylinder; 5-1-3, Track changing mechanism; 5-1-4, Support column; 5-1-5, Push plate; 5-1-3-1, Rail changer frame; 5-1-3-2, Rail changer rod; 5-1-3-1-1, Track changing plate; 5-1-3-1-2, Support plate; 5-1-3-1-1-1, Changing the track; 5-1-5-1, Connecting plate; 5-1-5-2, Bearing plate; 5-1-5-2-1, First guide rail; 5-1-5-2-2, Guide groove; 5-2-1 Polishing housing; 5-2-2 Polishing motor; 5-2-3 Polishing disc; 5-2-4 Water supply system; 5-2-1-1, Cylindrical shell; 5-2-1-2, Rectangular shell; 6. Transmission system; 6-1. Circular track; 6-2. First motion track; 6-3. Second motion track; 6-4. Changing track; 6-5. Straight track; 6-6. Second pneumatic cylinder; 6-7. Third pneumatic cylinder; 6-1-1, Second rack; 6-1-2, Second U-shaped guide rail; 6-2-1, Third rack; 6-2-2, Third U-shaped guide rail; 6-3-1, Fourth rack; 6-3-2, Fourth U-shaped guide rail; 6-4-1, Quarter-circle track; 6-4-2, Semi-circle track; 6-4-3, Fifth rack; 6-4-4, Fifth U-shaped guide rail; 6-4-2-1, First base; 6-5-1, Fifth rack; 6-5-2, Fifth U-shaped guide rail; 7. Second collection box; 8. Mounting platform; 9. Clamping system; 9-1. First support frame; 9-2. Second support frame; 9-3. Rotating gear; 9-4. Slide rail; 9-5. First drive motor; 9-6. Second drive motor; 9-7. Rotary disk; 9-8. Flexible clamp; 9-8-1, Clamping mechanism; 9-8-1-1, Power box; 9-8-1-2, Telescopic cylinder; 9-8-1-3, Clamping box; 9-8-1-4, Spring; 9-8-1-5, Top shell; 9-8-1-3-1, Top rod; 9-8-1-3-2, Telescopic through hole; 9-8-1-5-1, Hollow cylindrical groove. Detailed Implementation

[0073] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0074] This embodiment discloses an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment. Please refer to [link to specific implementation details]. Figures 1-4 The equipment includes a clamping robot 1, a first collection box 2, a fixed box 3, a grinding system 4, a polishing system 5, a transmission system 6, a second collection box 7, a mounting table 8, and a clamping system 9.

[0075] Please see Figures 1-4 The mounting platform 8 is a rectangular plate. The clamping robot 1, the first collection box 2, the polishing system 4, the fixed box 3, the polishing system 5, and the second collection box 7 are detachably installed on the mounting platform 8 at intervals. The polishing system 4 is located on the right side of the clamping robot 1 and is used to polish the metallographic sample. The polishing system 5 is located on the side of the polishing system 4 away from the clamping robot 1 and is used to polish the polished metallographic sample. The transmission system 6 is installed around the first collection box 2, the polishing system 4, the polishing system 5, and the second collection box 7, and is adapted to switch transmission with the polishing system 4 and the polishing system 5. The polishing system 4, the transmission system 6, and the polishing system 5 are detachably connected to the inside of the fixed box 3. The clamping system 9 is used to clamp the metallographic sample. The clamping system 9 meshes with the transmission system 6 and is slidably connected to the transmission system 6.

[0076] For details, please see Figures 1-4 The workflow of this embodiment is as follows: First, multiple clamping systems 9 are arranged statically on the transmission system 6 above the first collection box 2, waiting to clamp the metallographic sample to be ground and polished. Then, the clamping robot 1 begins to clamp the metallographic sample to be ground and polished in the first collection box 2 and transfer it to the multiple clamping systems 9 arranged on the transmission system 6 above it. Next, the multiple clamping systems 9 clamp the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and begin to slide clockwise on the transmission system 6. Then, the sample enters the grinding system 4 to grind the metallographic sample. After grinding, the sample enters the polishing system 5 to polish the ground metallographic sample. Then, the multiple clamping systems 9 clamp the polished metallographic sample and slide it on the transmission system 6 to the top of the second collection box 7, where the polished metallographic sample is placed. Finally, the multiple clamping systems 9 continue to slide on the transmission system 6 to the top of the first collection box 2 to await the next round of clamping. The above process is repeated cyclically, which can realize the assembly line grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, and can grind and polish metallographic samples in large batches with high efficiency.

[0077] More specifically, the various systems in this equipment work independently while also cooperating with each other, and the coordination between them is controlled by a control system that controls parameters such as working time and working speed. For example, the specific time and speed when the clamping robot 1 clamps the metallographic sample to be polished to the multiple clamping systems 9 arranged on the transmission system 6 above the first collection box 2; the specific time and speed when the multiple clamping systems 9 clamp the metallographic sample to be polished to the polishing system 4 on the transmission system 6; the specific time and speed when the multiple clamping systems 9 clamp the metallographic sample to be polished to the polishing system 4; the specific time and speed when the multiple clamping systems 9 clamp the polished metallographic sample to the polishing system 5; the specific time and speed when the multiple clamping systems 9 clamp the polished metallographic sample to the polishing system 5; after polishing, the specific time and speed when the multiple clamping systems 9 clamp the polished metallographic sample to the second collection box 7 on the transmission system 6; and the specific time and speed when the multiple clamping systems 9 continue to slide on the transmission system 6 to the first collection box 2 are all controlled by their own independent systems, and the independent systems cooperate with each other for control.

[0078] By adopting the above technical solution, this application establishes an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment consisting of a clamping robot 1, a first collection box 2, a fixed box 3, a grinding system 4, a polishing system 5, a transmission system 6, a second collection box 7, a mounting platform 8, and a clamping system 9. This equipment enables the large-scale and efficient grinding and polishing of metallographic samples. During operation, the clamping robot 1 holds the metallographic sample to be ground or polished in the first collection box 2 and then clamps it into the clamping system 9, which slides on the transmission system 6 to one side of the clamping robot 1. The clamping system 9 holds the metallographic sample to be ground or polished and slides clockwise on the transmission system 6. The sample then enters the grinding system 4 for grinding, followed by the polishing system 5 for polishing. Finally, the ground and polished metallographic sample is placed in the second collection box 7. This achieves a streamlined operation for grinding and polishing metallographic samples, greatly saving manpower and time costs and avoiding damage to hands caused by manual grinding and polishing.

[0079] The specific embodiments of the present invention also disclose an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device, please refer to [link to specific embodiments]. Figures 6-15 The polishing system 4 includes a power mechanism 4-2, a rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, a sandpaper loading mechanism 4-4, and a chip removal mechanism 4-5, which are arranged sequentially and at intervals on the main shaft 4-1.

[0080] Please see Figure 7 The main shaft 4-1 is located between the power mechanism 4-2 and the chip removal mechanism 4-5, and is detachably connected to both.

[0081] Please see Figure 8 The power mechanism 4-2 provides power for the rotation of the main shaft 4-1.

[0082] Specifically, the power mechanism 4-2 includes a fixed plate 4-2-1, a first worm gear 4-2-2, a first motor 4-2-3, and a first turbine 4-2-4.

[0083] More specifically, the fixing plate 4-2-1 is a cuboid plate, and two sets of bases 4-2-1-1 are integrally provided on one side of the fixing plate 4-2-1 along its long side symmetrical line. Each base 4-2-1-1 is provided with a worm gear hole 4-2-1-1-1. The first motor 4-2-3 is detachably connected to the side of the fixing plate 4-2-1 where the bases 4-2-1-1 are provided, and the output end of the first motor 4-2-3 is fixedly connected to one end of the first worm gear 4-2-2. Both ends of 2-2 are rotatably installed in the worm hole 4-2-1-1-1, and the fit is clearance fit; the first worm gear 4-2-4 is provided with a main shaft mounting hole 4-2-4-1 in the middle, and the main shaft mounting hole 4-2-4-1 is detachably connected to the upper end of the main shaft 4-1; the first worm gear 4-2-4 meshes with the first worm 4-2-2 for transmission, the first motor 4-2-3 rotates to drive the first worm 4-2-2 to rotate, thereby driving the first worm wheel to rotate, and then driving the main shaft 4-1 to rotate.

[0084] Please see Figure 9 and Figure 10 The rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 is installed inside the sandpaper loading mechanism 4-4 and is composed of 6 rotating mechanisms 4-3-1 connected in pairs around the main shaft 4-1. The rotating mechanism 4-3-1 has a hollow trapezoidal structure. Two first annular racks 4-3-1-1 are arranged along the symmetrical line of the long side on the inner and outer surfaces of the rotating mechanism 4-3-1. Two sets of first U-shaped guide rails 4-3-1-2 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the first annular racks 4-3-1-1 and on the rotating mechanism 4-3-1. The first U-shaped guide rails 4-3-1-2 are provided with sliding grooves 4-3-1-2-1. The short side of the rotating mechanism 4-3-1 has an arc shape, and the radius of the short side is the same as the radius of the middle section of the main shaft 4-1.

[0085] Please see Figure 11 The sandpaper loading mechanism 4-4 includes a mounting frame 4-4-1, a first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2, a sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3, and a lifting mechanism 4-4-4. The mounting frame 4-4-1 is a hollow hexagonal structure. The first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 is vertically mounted on six planes inside the mounting frame 4-4-1. The sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 is a rectangular thin plate and is detachably connected to the output end of the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2. Each sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 is equipped with a... Different grit sandpapers are used to polish metallographic samples; each sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 is positioned directly in front of each plane inside the mounting frame 4-4-1 and is parallel to each plane inside the mounting frame 4-4-1. To ensure stable support, four first pneumatic cylinders 4-4-2 are provided between each plane inside the mounting frame 4-4-1 and the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3; the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 moves along the direction of extension and retraction of the first pneumatic cylinders 4-4-2.

[0086] Using the above technical solution, the power mechanism 4-2 provides power for the rotation of the main shaft 4-1, enabling the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to rotate at an angle relative to the mounting frame 4-4-1, ensuring that each side of the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 remains parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3. Different grit sandpaper can be installed on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 inside the sandpaper loading mechanism 4-4, depending on the actual polishing requirements. For example, 400 grit, 600 grit, 800 grit, 1000 grit, 1500 grit, and 2000 grit sandpaper can be installed on the six sandpaper loading plates 4-4-3 respectively, allowing the metallographic sample to be automatically polished from the smallest grit sandpaper to the largest grit sandpaper, achieving the polishing standard for the metallographic sample.

[0087] Please see Figure 11 and Figure 14 The lifting mechanism 4-4-4 is used to lift the mounting bracket 4-4-1.

[0088] Specifically, the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 includes a housing 4-4-4-1, a second motor 4-4-4-2, a protective frame 4-4-4-3, a support leg 4-4-4-4, a mounting rod 4-4-4-5, a second turbine 4-4-4-6, and a second worm gear 4-4-4-7.

[0089] More specifically, the outer casing 4-4-4-1 has a U-shaped groove structure. The outer casing 4-4-4-1 is vertically and detachably connected to the mounting platform 8. The second motor 4-4-4-2 is slidably mounted on the inner surface of the outer casing 4-4-4-1. The outer casing 4-4-4-1 is detachably connected to the support leg 4-4-4-4.

[0090] More specifically, the support leg 4-4-4-4 has a dumbbell-shaped stepped shaft that is thinner in the middle and thicker at both ends. A rectangular groove 4-4-4-4-1 is vertically arranged inside one side of the middle section of the support leg 4-4-4-4. A straight rack 4-4-4-4-2 is vertically and integrally arranged inside the rectangular groove 4-4-4-4-1. The bottom of the support leg 4-4-4-4 is detachably connected to the mounting platform 8 vertically.

[0091] More specifically, the mounting rod 4-4-4-5 is integrally connected by the mounting base 4-4-4-5-1, the connecting rod 4-4-4-5-2, and the mounting ring 4-4-4-5-3. The mounting base 4-4-4-5-1 is detachably connected to the outer surface of the mounting bracket 4-4-1, and the mounting ring 4-4-4-5-3 is clearance-fitted with the middle section of the support leg 4-4-4-4. An opening is integrally provided on one side of the mounting ring 4-4-4-5-3. The slot 4-4-4-5-3-1, the open slot 4-4-4-5-3-1 and the rectangular slot 4-4-4-4-1 are installed parallel to each other; the open slot 4-4-4-5-3-1 is equipped with a second turbine 4-4-4-6 and a second worm gear 4-4-4-7, the second turbine 4-4-4-6 and the second worm gear 4-4-4-7 mesh and drive each other, and the second turbine 4-4-4-6 meshes and drives the rack 4-4-4-4-2.

[0092] More specifically, the protective frame 4-4-4-3 has a Y-shaped groove structure. The protective frame 4-4-4-3 is detachably connected to the opening groove 4-4-4-5-3-1. The output end of the second motor 4-4-4-2 is detachably connected to one end of the second worm gear 4-4-4-7 through the protective frame 4-4-4-3. The second motor 4-4-4-2 drives the second worm gear 4-4-4-7 to mesh with the second turbine gear 4-4-4-6 for transmission. The second turbine gear 4-4-4-6 meshes with the rack 4-4-4-4-2 for transmission, thereby causing the mounting rod 4-4-4-5 to slide on the support leg 4-4-4-4, which in turn causes the mounting frame 4-4-1 to move up and down.

[0093] By adopting the above technical solution, the mounting bracket 4-4-1 can be raised or lowered quickly and automatically relative to the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 through the rotation of the second motor 4-4-4-2, thereby improving the working efficiency of the polishing system 4.

[0094] Please see Figure 15 The chip removal mechanism 4-5 is located below the main shaft 4-1 and is used to collect metal chips generated after the metallographic sample is polished by sandpaper.

[0095] Specifically, the chip removal mechanism 4-5 includes a storage box 4-5-1 and a lever 4-5-2. The storage box 4-5-1 is a hollow cylinder with a concave upper surface. A triangular groove 4-5-1-1 is provided on the upper surface of the storage box 4-5-1, and the lower surface is detachably connected to the mounting platform 8. The lever 4-5-2 is detachably and vertically mounted on one side of the bottom of the main shaft 4-1. The rotation of the main shaft 4-1 drives the lever 4-5-2 to rotate. After metal chips fall onto the upper surface of the storage box 4-5-1, the rotation of the lever 4-5-2 pushes the metal chips into the triangular groove 4-5-1-1, thereby causing the metal chips to fall into the storage box 4-5-1.

[0096] By adopting the above technical solution, metallographic samples can collect falling metal debris while being polished, thus avoiding the adverse effects of metal debris on the operation of the system.

[0097] The specific embodiments of the present invention also disclose an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device, please refer to [link to specific embodiments]. Figures 1-4 and Figure 21 The transmission system 6 includes a ring track 6-1, a first motion track 6-2, a second motion track 6-3, a changing track 6-4, a straight track 6-5, a second pneumatic cylinder 6-6, and a third pneumatic cylinder 6-7; and the ring track 6-1, the first motion track 6-2, the second motion track 6-3, the changing track 6-4, and the straight track 6-5 are adapted to switch the transmission.

[0098] Specifically, the structure of the annular track 6-1 is C-shaped. Two second racks 6-1-1 are spaced apart on the lower surface of the annular track 6-1, and a second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 is fixed to one end of the upper surface. Two sets of second U-shaped guide rails 6-1-2 are fixed on both sides of the second racks 6-1-1.

[0099] For more details, please see Figure 27 The first motion track 6-2 and the second motion track 6-3 have the same structure and are both L-shaped. The lower surface of the first motion track 6-2 is provided with two third racks 6-2-1 spaced apart, and one side of its upper surface is fixedly connected to the output end of the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6. Two sets of third U-shaped guide rails 6-2-2 are fixedly provided on both sides of the third racks 6-2-1. The lower surface of the second motion track 6-3 is provided with two fourth racks 6-3-1 spaced apart, and two sets of fourth U-shaped guide rails 6-3-2 are fixedly provided on both sides of the fourth racks 6-3-1.

[0100] For more details, please see Figures 16-19 The structure of the track 6-4 is elliptical. Two fifth racks 6-4-3 are spaced apart on the lower surface of the track 6-4. Two sets of fifth U-shaped guide rails 6-4-4 are fixed on both sides of the fifth racks 6-4-3. The track 6-4 is adapted to switch transmission by four quarter-circle arc tracks 6-4-1 and two semi-circle arc tracks 6-4-2. The upper surface of the semi-circle arc track 6-4-2 is integrally provided with the first base 6-4-2-1.

[0101] For more details, please see Figure 26 Two sixth racks 6-5-1 are spaced apart on the lower surface of the straight track 6-5, and a third pneumatic cylinder 6-7 is fixed to one end of the upper surface; two sets of sixth U-shaped guide rails 6-5-2 are fixed on both sides of the sixth racks 6-5-1; the output end of the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper surface of the second motion track 6-3.

[0102] More specifically, the upper surfaces of the annular track 6-1, the first motion track 6-2, the second motion track 6-3, the changing track 6-4, and the straight track 6-5 are located on the same horizontal plane; the tooth pitch and structure of each group of first annular racks 4-3-1-1, second racks 6-1-1, third racks 6-2-1, fourth racks 6-3-1, fifth racks 6-4-3, and sixth racks 6-5-1 are the same; and the tooth pitch and structure of each group of first U-shaped guide rails 4-3-1-2, second U-shaped guide rails 6-1-2, third U-shaped guide rails 6-2-2, fourth U-shaped guide rails 6-3-2, and fifth U-shaped guide rails 6-5 are the same. The guide rail 6-4-4 and the sixth U-shaped guide rail 6-5-2 have the same track gauge and structure; the first motion track 6-2 moves along the direction of the extension of the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 so that the third rack 6-2-1 and the third U-shaped guide rail 6-2-2 can be connected with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1 and the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2 respectively; the second motion track 6-3 moves along the direction of the extension of the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7 so that the fourth rack 6-3-1 and the fourth U-shaped guide rail 6-3-2 can be connected with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1 and the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2 respectively.

[0103] By adopting the above technical solution, the circular track 6-1, the first motion track 6-2, the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, the second motion track 6-3, the straight track 6-5, and the track-changing track 6-4 can form a closed-loop system.

[0104] For details, please see Figures 2-4 , Figures 6-7 , Figures 9-11 as well as Figure 27 The clamping system 9 holds the unpolished metallographic sample and slides it from the annular track 6-1 to the first motion track 6-2. Then, the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 lowers the mounting frame 4-4-1. The second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 pushes the first motion track 6-2 to engage with the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, so that the third rack 6-2-1 and the third U-shaped guide rail 6-2-2 engage with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1 and the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2, respectively. Then, the clamping system 9 holds the unpolished metallographic sample and enters the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 from the sliding groove 4-3-1-2-1. Finally, the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6, located on the left side of the polishing system 4, pulls the first motion track 6-2 back to the initial position, and the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 raises the mounting frame 4-4-1 to the initial position. By sliding the clamping system 9 inside the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 and driving the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to rotate via the power mechanism 4-2, the clamping system 9 can hold the unpolished metallographic sample on each sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 and polish the metallographic sample.

[0105] More specifically, firstly, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract. Then, the power mechanism 4-2 drives the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to rotate the side with the clamping system 9 to a position parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 with 400-grit sandpaper. Subsequently, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to extend a suitable distance so that the surface of the metallographic sample comes into contact with the 400-grit sandpaper. The clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and begins to polish it on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 with 400-grit sandpaper. After polishing for 2-3 minutes, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 continues to drive the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract. The first drive motor 9-5, located inside the clamping system 9, drives the rotating disk 9-7 to rotate 180 degrees, changing the direction of the metallographic sample held by the clamping system 9. Afterward, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to return to its original position. The clamping system 9 continues to polish the metallographic sample to be ground and polished on the loading plate equipped with 400-grit sandpaper for another 2-3 minutes. After further polishing, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2... 2. The sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 is retracted again. The power mechanism 4-2 drives the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to rotate the side with the clamping system 9 to a position parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 with 600-grit sandpaper. Then, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to extend a suitable distance so that the surface of the metallographic sample comes into contact with the 600-grit sandpaper. The clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample and begins to polish it on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 with 600-grit sandpaper, and then polishes it to 2000-grit sandpaper.

[0106] More specifically, after the metallographic sample held by the clamping system 9 is polished on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 equipped with 2000-grit sandpaper, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 continues to drive the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract, and the power mechanism 4-2 drives the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to rotate to a position parallel to the right side of the mounting frame 4-4-1 on the side where the clamping system 9 is slidably attached.

[0107] More specifically, the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 lowers the mounting frame 4-4-1, and the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7 pushes the second motion track 6-3 to engage with the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, so that the fourth rack 6-3-1 and the fourth U-shaped guide rail 6-3-2 engage with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1 and the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2 respectively. Then, the clamping system 9 clamps the polished metallographic sample and slides it from inside the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 onto the second motion track 6-3 through the sliding groove 4-3-1-2-1. Subsequently, the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 continues to raise the mounting frame 4-4-1 to the initial position, and the clamping system 9, holding the polished metallographic sample, slides from the second motion track 6-3 to the straight track 6-5, and then slides to the variable track track 6-4. This achieves automated polishing of the metallographic sample, greatly improving the polishing efficiency and saving polishing time.

[0108] It should be noted that, in this application, the retraction of the sandpaper loading plate 44-3 caused by the first pneumatic cylinder 44-2 means that the output end of the first pneumatic cylinder 44-2 moves the sandpaper loading plate 44-3 closer to the plane inside the mounting frame 44-1 that is parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 44-3; the extension of the sandpaper loading plate 44-3 caused by the first pneumatic cylinder 44-2 means that the output end of the first pneumatic cylinder 44-2 moves the sandpaper loading plate 44-3 away from the plane inside the mounting frame 44-1 that is parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 44-3.

[0109] The specific embodiments of the present invention also disclose an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device, please refer to [link to specific embodiments]. Figures 22-27 The clamping system 9 includes a first support frame 9-1, a second support frame 9-2, a rotating gear 9-3, a slide rail 9-4, a first drive motor 9-5, a second drive motor 9-6, a rotating disk 9-7, and a flexible clamp 9-8.

[0110] Specifically, both the first support frame 9-1 and the second support frame 9-2 are pi-shaped. The first drive motor 9-5 is fixedly installed inside the upper surface of the first support frame 9-1, and the second drive motor 9-6 is fixedly installed on both sides inside the first support frame 9-1. The rotating disk 9-7 is located above the first support frame 9-1, and the center of the rotating disk 9-7 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first drive motor 9-5. The center of the rotating gear 9-3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second drive motor 9-6.

[0111] More specifically, the second support frame 9-2 is detachably installed inside the first support frame 9-1, the rotating gear 9-3 rotates inside the second support frame 9-2, and the slide rail 9-4 is detachably installed at the bottom of the first support frame 9-1 and the second support frame 9-2.

[0112] More specifically, the rotating gear 9-3 meshes with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1, the second rack 6-1-1, the third rack 6-2-1, the fourth rack 6-3-1, the fifth rack 6-4-3, and the sixth rack 6-5-1 for transmission.

[0113] More specifically, slide rail 9-4 slides on the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2, the second U-shaped guide rail 6-1-2, the third U-shaped guide rail 6-2-2, the fourth U-shaped guide rail 6-3-2, the fifth U-shaped guide rail 6-4-4, and the sixth U-shaped guide rail 6-5-2.

[0114] Using the above technical solution, the second drive motor 9-6 drives the rotating gear 9-3 to rotate. The rotating gear 9-3 meshes with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1, the second rack 6-1-1, the third rack 6-2-1, the fourth rack 6-3-1, the fifth rack 6-4-3, and the sixth rack 6-5-1 for transmission. The slide rail 9-4 slides on the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2, the second U-shaped guide rail 6-1-2, the third U-shaped guide rail 6-2-2, the fourth U-shaped guide rail 6-3-2, the fifth U-shaped guide rail 6-4-4, and the sixth U-shaped guide rail 6-5-2, so that the clamping system 9 can automatically clamp the metallographic sample and slide inside the annular track 6-1, the first motion track 6-2, the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, the straight track 6-5, and the changing track 6-4.

[0115] For details, please see Figures 22-25 The flexible clamp 9-8 consists of two detachable clamping mechanisms 9-8-1 symmetrically arranged on the rotating disk 9-7 to clamp the metallographic sample.

[0116] More specifically, the clamping mechanism 9-8-1 includes a power box 9-8-1-1, a telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2, a clamping box 9-8-1-3, a spring 9-8-1-4, and a top shell 9-8-1-5.

[0117] More specifically, the power box 9-8-1-1 has an arc-shaped cavity and a telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2 is set at the center of the internal arc surface.

[0118] More specifically, the clamping box 9-8-1-3 has a hollow trapezoidal structure. The geometric center of the outer surface of the short side of the clamping box 9-8-1-3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2. The inner surface of the short side of the clamping box 9-8-1-3 is integrally arrayed with push rods 9-8-1-3-1. Each push rod 9-8-1-3-1 is perpendicular to the inner surface of the short side of the clamping box 9-8-1-3. The push rod 9-8-1-3-1 has a cylindrical structure. The length of the push rod 9-8-1-3-1 is two-thirds of the distance between the short side and the long side of the clamping box 9-8-1-3. The long side of the clamping box 9-8-1-3 is arrayed with telescopic through holes 9-8-1-3-2. Each push rod 9-8-1-3-1 and each telescopic through hole 9-8-1-3-2 are concentric.

[0119] More specifically, the top shell 9-8-1-5 has a bullet-shaped structure. One end of the top shell 9-8-1-5 is a hemisphere and the other end has a hollow cylindrical groove 9-8-1-5-1 inside. The hollow cylindrical groove 9-8-1-5-1 is installed with the top rod 9-8-1-3-1 with clearance fit. The top shell 9-8-1-5 is also installed with the telescopic through hole 9-8-1-3-2 with clearance fit.

[0120] Spring 9-8-1-4 and top rod 9-8-1-3-1 are installed concentrically. One end of spring 9-8-1-4 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the short side of clamping box 9-8-1-3, and the other end of spring 9-8-1-4 is fixedly connected to the end of top shell 9-8-1-5 with hollow cylindrical groove 9-8-1-5-1. Spring 9-8-1-4 applies elastic force to top shell 9-8-1-5.

[0121] By adopting the above technical solution, and by setting a flexible clamp 9-8 on the clamping system 9, the clamping system 9 can clamp metallographic samples of different shapes and sizes to be ground and polished, greatly improving the clamping efficiency of metallographic samples. By setting a telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2 and a clamping box 9-8-1-3 in the clamping mechanism 9-8-1 of the clamping system 9, when the clamping system 9 holds the metallographic sample and slides it on the transmission system 6 above the second collection box 7, the telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2 automatically pulls the clamping box 9-8-1-3, causing the metallographic sample to fall from the clamping system 9 into the second collection box 7, thus realizing the automated collection of the ground and polished metallographic samples.

[0122] The specific embodiments of the present invention also disclose an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device, please refer to [link to specific embodiments]. Figures 16-20 The polishing system 5 includes a track changing mechanism 5-1 and a polishing machine 5-2. The track changing mechanism 5-1 is located on the upper side of the polishing machine 5-2.

[0123] Preferably, the track changing mechanism 5-1 is used to change the structure of the track changing track 6-4, and the polishing machine 5-2 is used to polish the metallographic sample; the track changing mechanism 5-1 splices the two semi-circular arc tracks 6-4-2 into a disc, and the clamping system 9 sliding onto the semi-circular arc track 6-4-2 clamps the metallographic sample for polishing on the polishing machine 5-2.

[0124] Specifically, the track changing mechanism 5-1 includes a top plate 5-1-1, a fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2, a track changing mechanism 5-1-3, a support column 5-1-4, and a push plate 5-1-5.

[0125] More specifically, the top plate 5-1-1 has a rectangular thin plate structure, and a fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2 is fixedly installed on the top plate 5-1-1.

[0126] More specifically, the track-changing mechanism 5-1-3 includes a track-changing frame 5-1-3-1 and a track-changing rod 5-1-3-2 movably mounted on the track-changing frame 5-1-3-1; the track-changing frame 5-1-3-1 is T-shaped and consists of two track-changing plates 5-1-3-1-1 and a support plate 5-1-3-1-2 connected vertically and integrally, the two track-changing plates 5-1-3-1-1 are arranged in parallel and have the same structure, the support plate 5-1-3-1-2 and the track-changing plate 5-1-3-1-1 are both rectangular thin plates, and a track 5-1-3-1-1 is provided on the track-changing plate 5-1-3-1-1.

[0127] More specifically, the structure of the track-changing rod 5-1-3-2 is ∟-shaped. One end of the track-changing rod 5-1-3-2 is movably connected to the track 5-1-3-1-1-1, and the other end of the track-changing rod 5-1-3-2 is fixedly connected to the first base 6-4-2-1. The top plate 5-1-1 and the support plate 5-1-3-1-2 are fixedly connected by the support column 5-1-4. One end of the support column 5-1-4 is fixedly connected to the top plate 5-1-1, the support column 5-1-4 passes through the support plate 5-1-3-1-2 and is fixedly connected to the support plate 5-1-3-1-2, and the other end of the support column 5-1-4 is fixedly connected to the upper plane of the four quarter-circle arc tracks 6-4-1 contained in the track-changing track 6-4.

[0128] More specifically, the push plate 5-1-5 has a T-shaped structure and is vertically and integrally connected to the support plate 5-1-5-2 by the connecting plate 5-1-5-1; the connecting plate 5-1-5-1 is located between the two variable rail plates 5-1-3-1-1 and is detachably connected to the output end of the fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2; the support plate 5-1-5-2 has a dumbbell-shaped structure, and guide grooves 5-1-5-2-2 are provided at both ends of the support plate 5-1-5-2, in which the variable rail rod 5-1-3-2 moves; a first guide rail 5-1-5-2-1 is fixedly provided on the side of the support plate 5-1-5-2 away from the connecting plate 5-1-5-1, and the first base 6-4-2-1 slides on the first guide rail 5-1-5-2-1.

[0129] More specifically, the fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2 pushes the push plate 5-1-5 downward, which in turn drives the guide rod 5-1-3-2 to move in the variable track 5-1-3-1-1-1. After the push plate 5-1-5 moves downward a certain distance, the guide rod 5-1-3-2 drives the two semi-circular tracks 6-4-2 to move in opposite directions while moving downward, so that the two semi-circular tracks 6-4-2 are spliced ​​into a disc; the clamping system 9 on the semi-circular track 6-4-2 clamps the metallographic sample and polishes it on the polishing machine 5-2.

[0130] Preferably, the polishing machine 5-2 includes a polishing box 5-2-1, a polishing motor 5-2-2, a polishing disc 5-2-3, and a water supply system 5-2-4.

[0131] Specifically, the polishing box 5-2-1 is integrally connected by a cylindrical shell 5-2-1-1 and a cuboid shell 5-2-1-2. The cylindrical shell 5-2-1-1 is vertically positioned at the center of the upper surface of the cuboid shell 5-2-1-2, and the polishing motor 5-2-2 is installed inside the cylindrical shell 5-2-1-1.

[0132] More specifically, the polishing disc 5-2-3 is a circular disc. The polishing disc 5-2-3 is installed inside the cylindrical shell 5-2-1-1, and its upper surface is 2 cm lower than the upper surface of the cylindrical shell 5-2-1-1. The center of the polishing disc 5-2-3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the polishing motor 5-2-2. The polishing disc 5-2-3 and the cylindrical shell 5-2-1-1 are concentric, and a polishing cloth is installed on the upper surface. The polishing motor 5-2-2 rotates, driving the polishing disc 5-2-3 to rotate, polishing the metallographic sample placed on it.

[0133] More specifically, the interior of the cuboid outer shell 5-2-1-2 is equipped with a water supply system 5-2-4, which is used to inject water or polishing liquid onto the surface of the polishing disc 5-2-3 during polishing.

[0134] Using the above technical solution, when the clamping system 9 holds the polished metallographic sample and slides it from inside the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to the second motion track 6-3, then to the straight track 6-5, and finally to the two semi-circular arc tracks 6-4-2 of the variable track track 6-4, the clamping system 9 stops sliding. The fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2 begins to push the push plate 5-1-5 downward, and the variable track rod 5-1-3-2 begins to move in the variable track 5-1-3-1-1-1. After the push plate 5-1-5 moves downward a certain distance, due to the action of the variable track 5-1-3-1-1-1, the variable track rod 5-1-3-2 drives the two semi-circular arc tracks 6-4-2 to move towards each other while moving downward, thereby splicing the two semi-circular arc tracks 6-4-2 into a disc. Subsequently, the polishing motor 5-2-2 drives the polishing disc 5-2-3 to rotate, and the clamping system 9 on the semi-circular track 6-4-2 clamps the polished metallographic sample on the polishing disc 5-2-3 for polishing. At the same time, the water supply system 5-2-4 injects water or polishing liquid into the surface of the polishing disc 5-2-3 to achieve a better polishing effect on the metallographic sample.

[0135] The specific embodiments of the present invention also disclose an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device, please refer to [link to specific embodiments]. Figure 5 The fixed enclosure 3 is used to protect, install, and position the internal system.

[0136] Specifically, the structure of the fixed box 3 is U-shaped, and the front and rear surfaces of the fixed box 3 are provided with strip grooves to observe the working status of the internal system of the fixed box 3.

[0137] More specifically, the upper surface inside the fixed housing 3 is provided with a connecting column 3-1 and a connecting rod 3-2; the connecting column 3-1 is detachably connected to the upper surface of the annular track 6-1; the connecting rod 3-2 is detachably connected to the cylinder bodies of the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 and the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7.

[0138] More specifically, the upper surface of the fixing plate 4-2-1 included in the power mechanism 4-2 is detachably connected to the inner surface of the upper plate of the fixing housing 3.

[0139] The specific embodiments of the present invention also disclose an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing device, please refer to [link to specific embodiments]. Figures 1-4 The clamping robot 1 includes a support base 1-1, a robotic arm 1-2, a robot control cabinet 1-3, and grippers 1-4.

[0140] Specifically, the support base 1-1 is detachably installed on the upper side of the mounting platform 8, the robotic arm 1-2 is movably connected to the upper part of the support base 1-1, and the robotic arm 1-2 drives the gripper 1-4 to work; the robot control cabinet 1-3 is detachably installed on one side of the robotic arm 1-2, and the robot control cabinet 1-3 is electrically connected to the clamping robot 1.

[0141] More specifically, the first collection box 2 and the second collection box 7 are rectangular boxes with open upper surfaces. The first collection box 2 and the second collection box 7 have the same structure and their lower surfaces are detachably connected to the mounting platform 8. The first collection box 2 is used to place metallographic samples to be ground and polished, and the second collection box 7 is used to place metallographic samples that have been ground and polished.

[0142] More specifically, the clamping robot 1 includes grippers 1-4 that hold the metallographic sample to be ground and polished in the first collection box 2, and clamp it onto the clamping system 9 that slides on the annular track 6-1 on one side of the clamping robot 1. The clamping system 9 holds the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and slides clockwise on the transmission system 6. Then it enters the grinding system 4 to grind the metallographic sample, and then enters the polishing system 5 to polish the metallographic sample.

[0143] By adopting the above technical solution, the metallographic specimens are automatically clamped by setting up a clamping robot 1, which greatly improves the clamping efficiency of metallographic specimens.

[0144] It should be noted that the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2, the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6, the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7, the fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2, the telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2, the first motor 4-2-3, the second motor 4-4-4-2, the polishing motor 5-2-2, the first drive motor 9-5, and the second drive motor 9-6 in this application each have an independent control system. The independent systems inside the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2, the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6, the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7, the fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2, and the telescopic cylinder 9-8-1-2 control their timed extension and retraction. The independent systems inside the first motor 4-2-3, the second motor 4-4-4-2, the polishing motor 5-2-2, the first drive motor 9-5, and the second drive motor 9-6 control their timed rotation and stopping, and each independent control system cooperates with each other for control. The coordinated control of each independent system allows the clamping robot 1, grinding system 4, polishing system 5, transfer system 6, and clamping system 9 within the equipment to work independently while continuously cooperating with each other, thereby achieving continuous clamping, transfer, grinding, and polishing of metallographic samples. The control system can be, for example, a microcomputer, CPU control module, or PLC controller.

[0145] The interaction and control between each independent system is explained in several working modes: The robot control cabinet 1-3 controls the robotic arm 1-2 to drive the gripper 1-4 to clamp the metallographic sample to be ground and polished in the first collection box 2, and clamp it into the clamping system 9 which slides on the transfer system 6 located on one side of the clamping robot 1. Then the clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and begins to slide from the circular track 6-1. This is a continuous process, which is a specific manifestation of the mutual control and connection between the two systems of this equipment.

[0146] The clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be polished and slides it from the annular track 6-1 to the first motion track 6-2. Then, the second motor 4-4-4-2 drives the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 to lower the mounting frame 4-4-1. Subsequently, the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 pushes the first motion track 6-2 to connect with the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3. This is a continuous process, which is also a concrete manifestation of the mutual control and interconnection of multiple systems in this equipment.

[0147] In summary, this application provides an integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment consisting of a clamping robot 1, a first collection box 2, a fixed box 3, a grinding system 4, a polishing system 5, a transmission system 6, a second collection box 7, a mounting platform 8, and a clamping system 9. This equipment enables the grinding and polishing of metallographic samples in large batches with high efficiency.

[0148] During operation, the robot control cabinet 1-3 controls the robotic arm 1-2 to drive the gripper 1-4 to clamp the metallographic sample to be ground and polished in the first collection box 2, and clamp it onto the clamping system 9 that slides on the transmission system 6 on one side of the clamping robot 1.

[0149] The clamping system 9 holds the metallographic sample to be polished and slides it from the annular track 6-1 to the first motion track 6-2. Then, the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 lowers the mounting frame 4-4-1. The second pneumatic cylinder 6-6 pushes the first motion track 6-2 to engage with the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, so that the third rack 6-2-1 and the third U-shaped guide rail 6-2-2 engage with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1 and the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2, respectively. Then, the clamping system 9 holds the metallographic sample to be polished and enters the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 from the sliding groove 4-3-1-2-1. Finally, the second pneumatic cylinder 6-6, located on the left side of the polishing system 4, pulls the first motion track 6-2 back to the initial position, and the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 raises the mounting frame 4-4-1 to the initial position. By sliding the clamping system 9 inside the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 and driving the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to rotate via the power mechanism 4-2, the clamping system 9 can hold the unpolished metallographic sample on each sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 and polish the metallographic sample.

[0150] First, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract. Then, the power mechanism 4-2 drives the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to rotate the side with the clamping system 9 to a position parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 with 400-grit sandpaper. Subsequently, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to extend a suitable distance so that the surface of the metallographic sample comes into contact with the 400-grit sandpaper. The clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample to be ground and polished and begins to polish it on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 with 400-grit sandpaper. After polishing for 2-3 minutes, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 continues to drive the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract. The first drive motor 9-5, located inside the clamping system 9, drives the rotating disk 9-7 to rotate 180 degrees, changing the direction of the metallographic sample held by the clamping system 9. Afterward, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to return to its original position. The clamping system 9 continues to polish the metallographic sample to be ground and polished on the loading plate equipped with 400-grit sandpaper for another 2-3 minutes. After further polishing, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2... 2. The sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 is retracted again. The power mechanism 4-2 drives the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to rotate the side with the clamping system 9 to a position parallel to the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 with 600-grit sandpaper. Then, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 drives the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to extend a suitable distance so that the surface of the metallographic sample comes into contact with the 600-grit sandpaper. The clamping system 9 clamps the metallographic sample and begins to polish it on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 with 600-grit sandpaper, and then polishes it to 2000-grit sandpaper.

[0151] After the metallographic sample is polished on the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 equipped with 2000-grit sandpaper by the clamping system 9, the first pneumatic cylinder 4-4-2 continues to drive the sandpaper loading plate 4-4-3 to retract, and the power mechanism 4-2 drives the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to rotate the side of the clamping system 9 to a position parallel to the right side of the mounting frame 4-4-1.

[0152] Then, the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 lowers the mounting frame 4-4-1, and the third pneumatic cylinder 6-7 pushes the second motion track 6-3 to connect with the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3, so that the fourth rack 6-3-1 and the fourth U-shaped guide rail 6-3-2 connect with the first annular rack 4-3-1-1 and the first U-shaped guide rail 4-3-1-2 respectively. Then, the clamping system 9 clamps the polished metallographic sample and slides it from inside the rotating mechanism assembly 4-3 to the second motion track 6-3 through the sliding groove 4-3-1-2-1. Subsequently, the lifting mechanism 4-4-4 continues to raise the mounting frame 4-4-1 to the initial position. The clamping system 9 clamps the polished metallographic sample and slides it from the second motion track 6-3 to the straight track 6-5, then to the changing track track 6-4, and finally to the two semi-circular arc tracks 6-4-2 of the changing track track 6-4 before the clamping system 9 stops sliding.

[0153] The fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2 begins to push the pusher plate 5-1-5 downwards, and the guide rod 5-1-3-2 begins to move within the variable track 5-1-3-1-1-1. After the pusher plate 5-1-5 moves downwards a certain distance, due to the action of the variable track 5-1-3-1-1-1, the guide rod 5-1-3-2 drives the two semi-circular tracks 6-4-2 to move in opposite directions while moving downwards, thus connecting the two semi-circular tracks 6-4-2 into a disc. Subsequently, the polishing motor 5-2-2 drives the polishing disc 5-2-3 to rotate, and the clamping system 9 on the semi-circular track 6-4-2 clamps the polished metallographic sample onto the polishing disc 5-2-3 for polishing. Simultaneously, the water supply system 5-2-4 injects water or polishing liquid onto the surface of the polishing disc 5-2-3, achieving a better polishing effect for the metallographic sample.

[0154] After polishing, the fourth pneumatic cylinder 5-1-2 begins to pull the push plate 5-1-5 upward, and the track changing rod 5-1-3-2 begins to move in the track changing track 5-1-3-1-1-1. The track changing mechanism 5-1 drives the clamping system 9 to return to its original position. The clamping system 9 clamps the polished metallographic sample and continues to slide on the transmission system 6. It slides above the second collection box 7, and the polished metallographic sample falls from the clamping system 9 into the second collection box 7, thus automatically collecting the polished metallographic sample.

[0155] Finally, the clamping system 9 continues to slide on the transmission system 6 to the top of the first collection box 2 to await the next round of clamping.

[0156] The above process automates and streamlines the polishing of metallographic samples, greatly improving the polishing efficiency and saving polishing time.

[0157] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present invention is presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of the invention are limited to these specific embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the invention in conjunction with specific embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of the present invention. To provide a deep understanding of the present invention, many specific details are included in the above description. The present invention may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of the present invention, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0158] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0159] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the product of the invention is usually placed in during use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0160] The terms “first”, “second”, etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0161] In the description of this embodiment, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment based on the specific circumstances.

[0162] While the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is a further detailed explanation of the invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the invention to these descriptions. Various changes in form and detail can be made by those skilled in the art, including several simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment, characterized in that, It includes a clamping robot, a first collection box, a fixed box, a grinding system, a polishing system, a transmission system, a second collection box, a mounting table, and a clamping system; among which, The clamping robot, the first collection box, the polishing system, the fixed box, the polishing system, and the second collection box are sequentially and detachably mounted on the mounting platform; the transmission system is installed around the first collection box, the polishing system, the polishing system, and the second collection box, and is adapted to switch transmission with the polishing system and the polishing system; the clamping system engages with the transmission system and is slidably connected to the transmission system. The polishing system includes a power mechanism, a rotating mechanism assembly, a sandpaper loading mechanism, and a chip removal mechanism, which are sequentially spaced on the spindle; wherein, The main shaft is disposed between the power mechanism and the chip removal mechanism, and is detachably connected to both. The power mechanism includes a fixed plate, a first worm gear, a first motor, and a first turbine. Two sets of bases are provided on one side of the fixed plate, each base having a worm gear hole. The first motor is detachably connected to the fixed plate, and its output end is fixedly connected to one end of the first worm gear. Both ends of the first worm gear are rotatably mounted in the worm gear hole, with a clearance fit. A main shaft mounting hole is provided in the middle of the first turbine, and the main shaft mounting hole is connected to the upper end of a main shaft. The first turbine gear meshes with the first worm gear for transmission. The rotating mechanism assembly is installed inside the sandpaper loading mechanism and is composed of 6 rotating mechanisms that are detachably connected in pairs around the main shaft; the rotating mechanism is provided with two first annular racks, and two sets of first U-shaped guide rails are fixedly provided on both sides of the first annular racks and on the rotating mechanism, and the first U-shaped guide rails are provided with sliding grooves. The sandpaper loading mechanism includes a mounting frame, a first pneumatic cylinder, a sandpaper loading plate, and a lifting mechanism. The mounting frame is a hollow hexagonal structure. The first pneumatic cylinder is vertically mounted on six planes inside the mounting frame. The sandpaper loading plate is detachably connected to the output end of the first pneumatic cylinder. Each sandpaper loading plate is loaded with sandpaper of different grits. The lifting mechanism is used to lift the mounting frame. The chip removal mechanism is located below the main shaft; The transmission system includes a circular track, a first moving track, a second moving track, a changing track, a straight track, a second pneumatic cylinder, and a third pneumatic cylinder; and the circular track, the first moving track, the second moving track, the changing track, and the straight track are adapted to switch on / off transmission. The clamping system includes a first support frame, a second support frame, a rotating gear, a slide rail, a first drive motor, a second drive motor, a rotating disk, and a flexible clamp; wherein, Both the first support frame and the second support frame are pi-shaped. The first drive motor is fixedly installed inside the upper surface of the first support frame, and the second drive motor is installed inside the first support frame. The rotating disk is located above the first support frame, and the center of the rotating disk is fixedly connected to the output end of the first drive motor. The center of the rotating gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second drive motor. The second support frame is installed inside the first support frame, and the slide rail is disposed at the bottom of the first support frame and the second support frame; The flexible clamp is detachably and symmetrically arranged on the rotating disk by two clamping mechanisms. The polishing system includes a track changing mechanism and a polishing machine, with the track changing mechanism located on the upper side of the polishing machine.

2. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower surface of the annular track is provided with two second racks spaced apart, and the upper surface has a second pneumatic cylinder fixed at one end; two sets of second U-shaped guide rails are fixed on both sides of the second racks; The lower surface of the first motion track is provided with two third racks spaced apart, and one side of the upper surface is fixedly connected to the output end of the second pneumatic cylinder; two sets of third U-shaped guide rails are fixedly provided on both sides of the third racks; the lower surface of the second motion track is provided with two fourth racks spaced apart, and two sets of fourth U-shaped guide rails are fixedly provided on both sides of the fourth racks. The lower surface of the track changer is provided with two fifth racks spaced apart, and two sets of fifth U-shaped guide rails are fixedly provided on both sides of the fifth racks; the track changer is adapted to switch transmission by four quarter-circle arc rails and two semi-circle arc rails, and the upper surface of the semi-circle arc rail is integrally provided with a first base. The lower surface of the straight track is provided with two sixth racks spaced apart, and the third pneumatic cylinder is fixed to one end of the upper surface; two sets of sixth U-shaped guide rails are fixedly provided on both sides of the sixth racks; the output end of the third pneumatic cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the upper surface of the second motion track. The first motion track moves along the direction in which the second pneumatic cylinder extends, so that the third rack and the third U-shaped guide rail respectively engage with the first annular rack and the first U-shaped guide rail; the second motion track moves along the direction in which the third pneumatic cylinder extends, so that the fourth rack and the fourth U-shaped guide rail respectively engage with the first annular rack and the first U-shaped guide rail. The rotating gear meshes with the first annular rack, the second rack, the third rack, the fourth rack, the fifth rack, and the sixth rack for transmission; the slide rail slides on the first U-shaped guide rail, the second U-shaped guide rail, the third U-shaped guide rail, the fourth U-shaped guide rail, the fifth U-shaped guide rail, and the sixth U-shaped guide rail.

3. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping robot includes a support base, a robotic arm, a robot control cabinet, and grippers; wherein... The support base is mounted on the upper side of the mounting platform, the robotic arm is connected to the upper part of the support base, the robot control cabinet is mounted on one side of the robotic arm, and the robot control cabinet is electrically connected to the clamping robot.

4. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism includes a housing, a second motor, a protective frame, support legs, a mounting rod, a second turbine, and a second worm gear; wherein... The outer casing is vertically connected to the mounting platform, the second motor is slidably mounted on the inner surface of the outer casing, and the outer casing is connected to the support leg; A rectangular groove is vertically provided inside one side of the middle section of the support leg, and a straight toothed rack is integrally provided vertically inside the rectangular groove; the bottom of the support leg is vertically connected to the mounting platform. The mounting rod is integrally connected by a mounting base, a connecting rod, and a mounting ring. The mounting base is connected to the outer surface of the mounting frame, and the mounting ring is clearance-fitted with the middle section of the support leg. An opening groove is integrally provided on one side of the mounting ring, and the opening groove is installed parallel to the rectangular groove. The second turbine and the second worm are provided inside the opening groove, and the second turbine and the second worm mesh for transmission. The second turbine meshes with the spur rack for transmission. The protective frame is connected to the opening slot, and the output end of the second motor is connected to one end of the second worm gear through the protective frame.

5. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The chip removal mechanism includes a storage box and a lever. The upper surface of the storage box is provided with a triangular groove and the lower surface is connected to the mounting platform. The lever is vertically arranged on one side of the bottom of the main shaft, and the rotation of the main shaft drives the lever to rotate.

6. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism includes a power box, a telescopic cylinder, a clamping box, a spring, and a top shell; wherein the telescopic cylinder is installed inside the power box. The outer surface of the clamping box is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic cylinder; the inner surface of the clamping box is integrally arrayed with push rods, each push rod being perpendicular to the inner surface of the clamping box, and the length of the push rod being two-thirds of the distance between the short side and the long side of the clamping box; the long side of the clamping box is arrayed with telescopic through holes, and each push rod and each telescopic through hole are concentric; one end of the top shell is a hemisphere and the other end has a hollow cylindrical groove inside, the hollow cylindrical groove is fitted with the push rod with clearance, and the top shell is fitted with the telescopic through hole with clearance; the spring is installed concentrically with the push rod, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the clamping box, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top shell.

7. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The track changing mechanism includes a top plate, a fourth pneumatic cylinder, a track changing mechanism, a support column, and a push plate; wherein... The fourth pneumatic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top plate; The track-changing mechanism includes a track-changing frame and a track-changing rod movably mounted on the track-changing frame. The track-changing frame consists of two track-changing plates vertically and integrally connected to a support plate. The two track-changing plates are arranged in parallel and have the same structure. A track is provided on the track-changing plate. One end of the track-changing rod is movably connected to the track, and the other end of the track-changing rod is fixedly connected to the first base. The top plate and the support plate are fixedly connected by a support column. One end of the support column is fixedly connected to the top plate, the support column passes through the support plate and is fixedly connected to the support plate, and the other end of the support column is fixedly connected to the upper plane of the four quarter-circle arc tracks included in the track-changing track. The push plate is vertically and integrally connected to the connecting plate and the bearing plate; the connecting plate is located between the two changing track plates and is connected to the output end of the fourth pneumatic cylinder; the bearing plate has guide grooves at both ends, and the changing track rod moves in the guide grooves; a first guide rail is fixedly provided on the side of the bearing plate away from the connecting plate.

8. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The polishing machine includes a polishing chamber, a polishing motor, a polishing disc, and a water supply system; wherein... The polishing box is integrally connected by a cylindrical shell and a cuboid shell. The polishing motor is installed inside the cylindrical shell, and the water supply system is installed inside the cuboid shell. The polishing disc is a circular disc, which is installed inside the cylindrical shell. The center of the polishing disc is fixedly connected to the output end of the polishing motor. The polishing disc and the cylindrical shell are concentric, and a polishing cloth is installed on the upper surface of the polishing disc.

9. The integrated metallographic sample grinding and polishing equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed box has a U-shaped groove structure, and strip grooves are provided on the front and rear surfaces of the fixed box. A connecting column and a connecting rod are provided on the upper surface of the interior of the fixed box. The connecting column is connected to the upper surface of the annular track and the straight track. The connecting rod is connected to the cylinder body of the second pneumatic cylinder and the third pneumatic cylinder.

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