Attapulgite ecological soil improvement organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses an attapulgite ecological soil improvement organic fertilizer, which comprises attapulgite raw ore, an organic material, a microbial agent, a compound fertilizer raw material, an organic adhesive and purified water, the attapulgite raw ore is crushed by a crusher until the attapulgite raw ore can pass through a 100-mesh screen, the crushed attapulgite powder is mixed with a proper amount of water, the mixture is soaked for 1-2 hours, and the soaked attapulgite powder is dried to obtain the attapulgite ecological soil improvement organic fertilizer. Removing excessive moisture and soluble impurities in a wet extrusion manner after soaking; according to the attapulgite ecological soil improvement organic fertilizer, the attapulgite material is subjected to centrifugal treatment and microwave unfreezing treatment, that is, impurities and unfavorable components in attapulgite ore are effectively removed through centrifugal treatment, and the unfavorable components in the attapulgite ore are effectively removed through microwave unfreezing treatment in a non-contact heating mode; active ingredients in the ore are quickly and uniformly activated, and the fertilizer efficiency of the soil is further enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to an attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] As a natural mineral material, attapulgite has great potential in the field of soil improvement due to its unique strong adsorption, ion exchange and catalytic effects. The multi-porous nanostructure of attapulgite can not only effectively adsorb and fix nutrients in the soil, but also has the ability to retain fertilizer and water and slow release, which can effectively exert fertilizer effects for a long time, reduce the loss of nutrient elements, and balance and regulate soil nutrients.

[0003] At present, after mining and preliminary processing, attapulgite ore is often used directly for fertilizer production without going through a strict multi-processing process. This inevitably leads to a large amount of soil particles, sand and other non-target mineral components in the attapulgite ore. The presence of these impurities not only directly reduces the purity of organic fertilizers, causing the proportion of effective ingredients in fertilizers to decrease, but also seriously affects the overall quality of fertilizers. In addition, the active ingredients in attapulgite ore need to be fully dissolved in water before they can be absorbed and utilized by plant roots. However, the presence of impurities such as soil particles and sand and stone will hinder the penetration of water and nutrients, slow down the dissolution rate, and even cause nutrients to be retained on the surface of fertilizer particles and cannot be effectively released into the soil. This not only reduces the utilization rate of nutrients, but may also cause nutrient waste and environmental pollution. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer to solve the problem proposed in the above background technology that the attapulgite ore is mixed with a large amount of soil particles, sand and other non-target mineral components. The presence of these impurities not only directly reduces the purity of the organic fertilizer, causing the proportion of effective ingredients in the fertilizer to decrease, but also seriously affects the overall quality of the fertilizer.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer, comprising the following production steps:

[0006] Step 1: Prepare materials, including attapulgite ore, organic materials, microbial agents, compound fertilizer raw materials, organic adhesives, and purified water;

[0007] Step 2: pre-treating the attapulgite ore;

[0008] ① Use a crusher to crush the attapulgite ore until it can pass through a 100-mesh sieve, mix the crushed attapulgite powder with an appropriate amount of water, soak it for 1 to 2 hours, and remove excess water and soluble impurities by wet extrusion after soaking;

[0009] ② Add a dispersant to the attapulgite powder and stir vigorously for 1 to 2 hours to obtain an attapulgite suspension;

[0010] ③ The attapulgite suspension obtained after stirring is centrifuged, and the centrifugation time is 25min to 30min, and the centrifugal speed is 3000rpm to 3300rpm, and the upper turbid liquid and fine impurities and suspended matter are separated to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture A;

[0011] ④ The attapulgite sedimentation mixture A after centrifugal purification is frozen at a temperature of -20°C to -25°C for 10 to 12 hours, and then subjected to microwave thawing to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture B, wherein the microwave thawing power is 700W to 800W and the microwave thawing time is 60s to 80s;

[0012] ⑤ Drying the frozen and thawed attapulgite sedimentation mixture B and sieving it into products of the required particle size, the drying temperature is 100° C. to 105° C., and the sieving particle size is able to pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder;

[0013] Step 3: Feed the raw materials for making compound fertilizer into a mixer, mix them thoroughly, and after mixing, crush them through a crusher until they can pass through a 120-mesh sieve;

[0014] Step 4: 20% to 30% of the attapulgite powder pretreated in step 2, 15% to 20% of the compound fertilizer material screened in step 3, 35% to 45% of organic materials, 5% to 10% of microbial agent, and the balance of pure water (all percentages are by weight) are put into a stirring mixer and mixed thoroughly;

[0015] Step 5: After mixing evenly, the mixed material is transferred into a fermentation device, and the fermentation temperature is 50°C to 65°C, and the humidity and ventilation conditions are maintained at 30°C to 40°C for fermentation treatment, and the fermentation time is 3 to 5 days;

[0016] Step 6: After the fermentation is completed, the fermented material is sent to a granulator for granulation, and the granulation particle size is able to pass through a 20-mesh sieve;

[0017] Step 7: placing the fermented organic fertilizer particles in step 6 into a drum in a preheating device, making the fertilizer surface temperature reach 35°C to 40°C, using a high-pressure spray gun to evenly spray 3% to 5% of an organic adhesive on the surface of the preheated fertilizer particles to form a coated fertilizer, placing the sprayed coated fertilizer particles in a tunnel drying device, drying at 60°C to 70°C for 2 to 3 hours to solidify the coating liquid into a film, then using a nozzle with a pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa to spray water onto the surface of the coated fertilizer particles, and then evenly sprinkle a layer of bentonite on the surface, and then put it into an oven for drying again for 4 to 5 hours to obtain a double-layer coated water-retaining and slow-release organic fertilizer;

[0018] Step 8: Send the organic fertilizer prepared in step 7 to a drying device for drying to reduce the moisture content and facilitate storage and transportation. The drying temperature is 80° C. to 90° C. After drying, use packaging equipment for packaging.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the attapulgite ore is a natural one-dimensional nanoscale hydrated magnesium-rich aluminum silicate clay mineral.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the organic material is a mixture of livestock and poultry manure and crop straw, and the mixing ratio of livestock and poultry manure to crop straw is 4:3.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the microbial agent adopts a mixed strain of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Paenibacillus gelatinosa, and the mixing ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Paenibacillus gelatinosa is 2:1:1.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the compound fertilizer particles are prepared by mixing urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, volcanic rock powder, and corn straw powder raw materials, and the mixing ratio is 4:2:1:1:5:3:3:1.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the organic adhesive is a water-soluble synthetic polymer, specifically polyvinyl alcohol.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the dispersant is a sodium polyacrylate solution, and the mixing ratio of the sodium polyacrylate solution to the attapulgite powder is 3:1.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. In the production process of attapulgite organic fertilizer, the present invention adopts centrifugal treatment and microwave thawing treatment technology. The centrifugal treatment effectively removes impurities and adverse components in the attapulgite ore, while retaining its core nanoporous structure, so that the adsorption, ion exchange and catalytic effects of the attapulgite can be fully exerted. The microwave thawing treatment uses a non-contact heating method to quickly and evenly activate the active substances in the attapulgite ore, so that a variety of minerals and trace elements are precipitated on the surface of the ore, such as silicon, aluminum, magnesium, iron, calcium, potassium, etc., thereby further enhancing the fertilizer effect of the soil.

[0027] 2. The present invention carefully selects and proportions a variety of high-quality microbial strains such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus gelatinus as bacterial agents. These strains not only have strong decomposition capabilities, can accelerate the conversion of organic matter and the release of nutrients, but also have the ability to inhibit pathogens and improve soil microecological environment. At the same time, while promoting crop growth, they can also effectively improve soil structure and increase soil fertility, creating more favorable conditions for the healthy growth of crops.

[0028] 3. The present invention adopts organic adhesive and bentonite for double-layer coating in the molding process of organic fertilizer, which not only enhances the structural stability of the fertilizer and prevents the loss and volatilization of nutrients, but also realizes the slow release and continuous supply of nutrients through the design of double-layer coating. The outer coating layer can effectively isolate the erosion of the fertilizer by the external environment and protect the integrity of the internal nutrients, while the inner coating layer is closely combined with the fertilizer to ensure that the nutrients can be released on demand during the growth of crops, thereby improving the utilization rate of nutrients and the absorption efficiency of crops, not only improving the use effect of the fertilizer, but also realizing the maximum utilization of resources and friendly protection of the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart for preparing the attapulgite organic fertilizer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution of attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer:

[0032] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the attapulgite ore is a natural one-dimensional nanoscale hydrated magnesium-aluminum silicate clay mineral. The multi-porous nanostructure of attapulgite powder gives it strong adsorption, which can adsorb and fix nutrients in the soil, such as N, P, K, etc., reduce nutrient loss, and improve fertilizer utilization. Its porous structure also has good water retention performance, which can improve the water permeability of the soil, especially increase the water retention of sandy soil and increase the water permeability of heavy and compacted soil. As a natural mineral material, attapulgite powder is non-toxic and harmless and will not pollute the environment. At the same time, compared with other materials of the same category, its strong adsorption performance can effectively degrade harmful substances in the soil, reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, and reduce the environmental risks of agricultural production.

[0033] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the organic material is a mixture of livestock and poultry manure and crop straw. Livestock and poultry manure is rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients, and is a high-quality organic fertilizer raw material. Crop straw is rich in cellulose and hemicellulose, which can increase the organic matter content of the fertilizer and improve the soil structure. After the two are mixed, a comprehensive and balanced organic fertilizer can be formed to meet the various nutrients required for plant growth. In addition, the nutrients in the livestock and poultry manure can reduce nutrient loss and volatilization under the adsorption and fixation of the straw, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer. Compared with other materials of the same category, the straw has a lower water content and strong water absorption, which can neutralize the excessive water content in the livestock and poultry manure, so that the initial water content of the mixture reaches an appropriate range, which is conducive to the fermentation process. In addition, mixed fermentation can adjust the compost raw material ratio, make the reproduction of microorganisms more balanced, and improve the fermentation efficiency.

[0034] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the microbial agent adopts a mixed strain of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly. Microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus jelly can secrete a variety of enzymes and biologically active substances during their growth, promote the decomposition and conversion of organic matter, and improve the utilization rate and fertilizer efficiency of fertilizers. These microorganisms can also convert insoluble nutrients in the soil into soluble nutrients that are easily absorbed by plants, further increasing the effectiveness of fertilizers. At the same time, the nitrogen fixation effect of Bacillus subtilis is combined with the disease resistance of Bacillus licheniformis to significantly improve the yield and quality of crops. Bacillus jelly can decompose insoluble potassium elements in the soil through its life activities and release soluble potassium ions for crops to absorb and utilize, so as to promote the development of crop root systems and strong growth, and improve the cold resistance, drought resistance, disease resistance and stress resistance of crops.

[0035] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the compound fertilizer particles combine multiple nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., which can provide comprehensive nutrition supply for the soil and meet the different needs of crops during growth. Organic components such as volcanic rock powder and corn straw powder can improve soil structure, increase soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and improve soil fertility. At the same time, compared with the direct use of compound fertilizer materials, the screened compound fertilizer raw materials can be converted into organic fertilizer rich in organic matter after fermentation and other treatments. The organic matter in the organic fertilizer can combine with minerals in the soil to form a stable soil aggregate structure, improve the air permeability and water retention of the soil, and create favorable soil conditions for crop growth.

[0036] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the organic adhesive adopts polyvinyl alcohol solution. When polyvinyl alcohol is sprayed on the surface of the preheated fertilizer particles, it can effectively reduce the evaporation of water, thereby forming a water protection layer around the fertilizer particles, and can reduce the loss and waste of nutrients, and improve the utilization rate of fertilizers; bentonite, as a water-absorbing and swellable material, can expand rapidly when encountering water, enhance the water retention capacity of fertilizers, and its water-absorbing and swellable characteristics can further adjust the release rate of inner nutrients. The combination of the two enables the double-layer coated water-retaining slow-release organic fertilizer to continuously provide the required water for plants under drought conditions, and can significantly improve the water retention performance of fertilizers. Compared with a single polyvinyl alcohol coated fertilizer, the double-layer coated fertilizer can maintain the moisture in the soil for a longer time, reduce the number of irrigations and the amount of water used, and secondly, the outer coating of bentonite and the inner coating of polyvinyl alcohol cooperate with each other, which can more accurately control the release rate and cycle of nutrients. This optimized slow-release effect is more in line with the growth needs of crops, and helps to improve the utilization rate of fertilizers and the yield of crops.

[0037] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, sodium polyacrylate is a highly efficient anionic polymer dispersant with a large number of carboxyl anions on its molecular chain. These anions can undergo electrostatic adsorption with the cationic sites on the surface of attapulgite particles, thereby effectively preventing the agglomeration of the particles and keeping the attapulgite particles in a good dispersed state in the solution. In addition, sodium polyacrylate is a non-toxic, harmless polymer material with good biodegradability. Sodium polyacrylate as a dispersant can ensure that the suspension remains stable for a long time, which is beneficial to subsequent processing and separation operations. The use of sodium polyacrylate in the processing of attapulgite will not cause pollution to the environment, and meets the requirements of green chemistry and sustainable development.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] A attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer comprises the following production steps:

[0040] Step 1: Prepare materials, including attapulgite ore, organic materials, microbial agents, compound fertilizer raw materials, organic adhesives, and purified water;

[0041] Step 2: pre-treating the attapulgite ore;

[0042] ① Use a crusher to crush the attapulgite ore until it can pass through a 100-mesh sieve, mix the crushed attapulgite powder with an appropriate amount of water, soak it for 1 to 2 hours, and remove excess water and soluble impurities by wet extrusion after soaking;

[0043] ② Add a dispersant to the attapulgite powder and stir vigorously for 1 to 2 hours to obtain an attapulgite suspension;

[0044] ③ The attapulgite suspension obtained after stirring is centrifuged, and the centrifugation time is 25min to 30min, and the centrifugal speed is 3000rpm to 3300rpm, and the upper turbid liquid and fine impurities and suspended matter are separated to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture A;

[0045] ④ The attapulgite sedimentation mixture A after centrifugal purification is frozen at a temperature of -20°C to -25°C for 10 to 12 hours, and then subjected to microwave thawing to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture B, wherein the microwave thawing power is 700W to 800W and the microwave thawing time is 60s to 80s;

[0046] ⑤ Drying the frozen and thawed attapulgite sedimentation mixture B and sieving it into products of the required particle size, the drying temperature is 100° C. to 105° C., and the sieving particle size is able to pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder;

[0047] Step 3: Feed the raw materials for making compound fertilizer into a mixer, mix them thoroughly, and after mixing, crush them through a crusher until they can pass through a 120-mesh sieve;

[0048] Step 4: Put 20% of the attapulgite powder pretreated in step 2, 15% of the compound fertilizer material screened in step 3, 35% of organic materials, 5% of microbial agent, and the balance of pure water (all percentages are by weight) into a stirring mixer and mix thoroughly;

[0049] Step 5: After mixing evenly, the mixed material is transferred into a fermentation device, and the fermentation temperature is 50°C to 65°C, and the humidity and ventilation conditions are maintained at 30°C to 40°C for fermentation treatment, and the fermentation time is 3 to 5 days;

[0050] Step 6: After the fermentation is completed, the fermented material is sent to a granulator for granulation, and the granulation particle size is able to pass through a 20-mesh sieve;

[0051] Step 7: placing the fermented organic fertilizer particles in step 6 into a rotary drum in a preheating device, making the surface temperature of the fertilizer reach 35°C to 40°C, using a high-pressure spray gun to evenly spray 3% of an organic adhesive on the surface of the preheated fertilizer particles to form a coated fertilizer, placing the sprayed coated fertilizer particles in a tunnel drying device, drying at 60°C to 70°C for 2 to 3 hours to solidify the coating liquid into a film, then using a nozzle with a pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa to spray water onto the surface of the coated fertilizer particles, and then evenly sprinkling a layer of bentonite on the surface, and then placing it in an oven to dry for 4 to 5 hours to obtain a double-layer coated water-retaining and slow-release organic fertilizer;

[0052] Step 8: Send the organic fertilizer prepared in step 7 to a drying device for drying to reduce the moisture content and facilitate storage and transportation. The drying temperature is 80° C. to 90° C. After drying, use packaging equipment for packaging.

[0053] Embodiment 2:

[0054] On the basis of Example 1, a attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer comprises the following production steps:

[0055] Step 1: Prepare materials, including attapulgite ore, organic materials, microbial agents, compound fertilizer raw materials, organic adhesives, and purified water;

[0056] Step 2: pre-treating the attapulgite ore;

[0057] ① Use a crusher to crush the attapulgite ore until it can pass through a 100-mesh sieve, mix the crushed attapulgite powder with an appropriate amount of water, soak it for 1 to 2 hours, and remove excess water and soluble impurities by wet extrusion after soaking;

[0058] ② Add a dispersant to the attapulgite powder and stir vigorously for 1 to 2 hours to obtain an attapulgite suspension;

[0059] ③ The attapulgite suspension obtained after stirring is centrifuged, and the centrifugation time is 25min to 30min, and the centrifugal speed is 3000rpm to 3300rpm, and the upper turbid liquid and fine impurities and suspended matter are separated to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture A;

[0060] ④ The attapulgite sedimentation mixture A after centrifugal purification is frozen at a temperature of -20°C to -25°C for 10 to 12 hours, and then subjected to microwave thawing to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture B, wherein the microwave thawing power is 700W to 800W and the microwave thawing time is 60s to 80s;

[0061] ⑤ Drying the frozen and thawed attapulgite sedimentation mixture B and sieving it into products of the required particle size, the drying temperature is 100° C. to 105° C., and the sieving particle size is able to pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder;

[0062] Step 3: Feed the raw materials for making compound fertilizer into a mixer, mix them thoroughly, and after mixing, crush them through a crusher until they can pass through a 120-mesh sieve;

[0063] Step 4: 30% of the attapulgite powder pretreated in step 2, 15% of the compound fertilizer material screened in step 3, 35% of organic materials, 5% of microbial agent, and the balance of pure water (all percentages are by weight) are put into a stirring mixer and mixed thoroughly;

[0064] Step 5: After mixing evenly, the mixed material is transferred into a fermentation device, and the fermentation temperature is 50°C to 65°C, and the humidity and ventilation conditions are maintained at 30°C to 40°C for fermentation treatment, and the fermentation time is 3 to 5 days;

[0065] Step 6: After the fermentation is completed, the fermented material is sent to a granulator for granulation, and the granulation particle size is able to pass through a 20-mesh sieve;

[0066] Step 7: placing the fermented organic fertilizer particles in step 6 into a rotary drum in a preheating device, making the surface temperature of the fertilizer reach 35°C to 40°C, using a high-pressure spray gun to evenly spray 3% of an organic adhesive on the surface of the preheated fertilizer particles to form a coated fertilizer, placing the sprayed coated fertilizer particles in a tunnel drying device, drying at 60°C to 70°C for 2 to 3 hours to solidify the coating liquid into a film, then using a nozzle with a pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa to spray water onto the surface of the coated fertilizer particles, and then evenly sprinkling a layer of bentonite on the surface, and then placing it in an oven to dry for 4 to 5 hours to obtain a double-layer coated water-retaining and slow-release organic fertilizer;

[0067] Step 8: Send the organic fertilizer prepared in step 7 to a drying device for drying to reduce the moisture content and facilitate storage and transportation. The drying temperature is 80° C. to 90° C. After drying, use packaging equipment for packaging.

[0068] Embodiment three:

[0069] On the basis of Example 2, a attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer includes the following production steps:

[0070] Step 1: Prepare materials, including attapulgite ore, organic materials, microbial agents, compound fertilizer raw materials, organic adhesives, and purified water;

[0071] Step 2: pre-treating the attapulgite ore;

[0072] ① Use a crusher to crush the attapulgite ore until it can pass through a 100-mesh sieve, mix the crushed attapulgite powder with an appropriate amount of water, soak it for 1 to 2 hours, and remove excess water and soluble impurities by wet extrusion after soaking;

[0073] ② Add a dispersant to the attapulgite powder and stir vigorously for 1 to 2 hours to obtain an attapulgite suspension;

[0074] ③ The attapulgite suspension obtained after stirring is centrifuged, and the centrifugation time is 25min to 30min, and the centrifugal speed is 3000rpm to 3300rpm, and the upper turbid liquid and fine impurities and suspended matter are separated to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture A;

[0075] ④ The attapulgite sedimentation mixture A after centrifugal purification is frozen at a temperature of -20°C to -25°C for 10 to 12 hours, and then subjected to microwave thawing to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture B, wherein the microwave thawing power is 700W to 800W and the microwave thawing time is 60s to 80s;

[0076] ⑤ Drying the frozen and thawed attapulgite sedimentation mixture B and sieving it into products of the required particle size, the drying temperature is 100° C. to 105° C., and the sieving particle size is able to pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder;

[0077] Step 3: Feed the raw materials for making compound fertilizer into a mixer, mix them thoroughly, and after mixing, crush them through a crusher until they can pass through a 120-mesh sieve;

[0078] Step 4: 30% of the attapulgite powder pretreated in step 2, 20% of the compound fertilizer material screened in step 3, 35% of organic materials, 5% of microbial agent, and the balance of pure water (all percentages are by weight) are put into a stirring mixer and mixed thoroughly;

[0079] Step 5: After mixing evenly, the mixed material is transferred into a fermentation device, and the fermentation temperature is 50°C to 65°C, and the humidity and ventilation conditions are maintained at 30°C to 40°C for fermentation treatment, and the fermentation time is 3 to 5 days;

[0080] Step 6: After the fermentation is completed, the fermented material is sent to a granulator for granulation, and the granulation particle size is able to pass through a 20-mesh sieve;

[0081] Step 7: placing the fermented organic fertilizer particles in step 6 into a rotary drum in a preheating device, making the surface temperature of the fertilizer reach 35°C to 40°C, using a high-pressure spray gun to evenly spray 3% of an organic adhesive on the surface of the preheated fertilizer particles to form a coated fertilizer, placing the sprayed coated fertilizer particles in a tunnel drying device, drying at 60°C to 70°C for 2 to 3 hours to solidify the coating liquid into a film, then using a nozzle with a pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa to spray water onto the surface of the coated fertilizer particles, and then evenly sprinkling a layer of bentonite on the surface, and then placing it in an oven to dry for 4 to 5 hours to obtain a double-layer coated water-retaining and slow-release organic fertilizer;

[0082] Step 8: Send the organic fertilizer prepared in step 7 to a drying device for drying to reduce the moisture content and facilitate storage and transportation. The drying temperature is 80° C. to 90° C. After drying, use packaging equipment for packaging.

[0083] Embodiment 4:

[0084] On the basis of Example 3, a attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer comprises the following production steps:

[0085] Step 1: Prepare materials, including attapulgite ore, organic materials, microbial agents, compound fertilizer raw materials, organic adhesives, and purified water;

[0086] Step 2: pre-treating the attapulgite ore;

[0087] ① Use a crusher to crush the attapulgite ore until it can pass through a 100-mesh sieve, mix the crushed attapulgite powder with an appropriate amount of water, soak it for 1 to 2 hours, and remove excess water and soluble impurities by wet extrusion after soaking;

[0088] ② Add a dispersant to the attapulgite powder and stir vigorously for 1 to 2 hours to obtain an attapulgite suspension;

[0089] ③ The attapulgite suspension obtained after stirring is centrifuged, and the centrifugation time is 25min to 30min, and the centrifugal speed is 3000rpm to 3300rpm, and the upper turbid liquid and fine impurities and suspended matter are separated to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture A;

[0090] ④ The attapulgite sedimentation mixture A after centrifugal purification is frozen at a temperature of -20°C to -25°C for 10 to 12 hours, and then subjected to microwave thawing to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture B, wherein the microwave thawing power is 700W to 800W and the microwave thawing time is 60s to 80s;

[0091] ⑤ Drying the frozen and thawed attapulgite sedimentation mixture B and sieving it into products of the required particle size, the drying temperature is 100° C. to 105° C., and the sieving particle size is able to pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder;

[0092] Step 3: Feed the raw materials for making compound fertilizer into a mixer, mix them thoroughly, and after mixing, crush them through a crusher until they can pass through a 120-mesh sieve;

[0093] Step 4: 30% of the attapulgite powder pretreated in step 2, 20% of the compound fertilizer material screened in step 3, 45% of organic materials, 5% of microbial agent, and the balance of pure water (all percentages are by weight) are put into a stirring mixer and mixed thoroughly;

[0094] Step 5: After mixing evenly, the mixed material is transferred into a fermentation device, and the fermentation temperature is 50°C to 65°C, and the humidity and ventilation conditions are maintained at 30°C to 40°C for fermentation treatment, and the fermentation time is 3 to 5 days;

[0095] Step 6: After the fermentation is completed, the fermented material is sent to a granulator for granulation, and the granulation particle size is able to pass through a 20-mesh sieve;

[0096] Step 7: placing the fermented organic fertilizer particles in step 6 into a rotary drum in a preheating device, making the surface temperature of the fertilizer reach 35°C to 40°C, using a high-pressure spray gun to evenly spray 3% of an organic adhesive on the surface of the preheated fertilizer particles to form a coated fertilizer, placing the sprayed coated fertilizer particles in a tunnel drying device, drying at 60°C to 70°C for 2 to 3 hours to solidify the coating liquid into a film, then using a nozzle with a pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa to spray water onto the surface of the coated fertilizer particles, and then evenly sprinkling a layer of bentonite on the surface, and then placing it in an oven to dry for 4 to 5 hours to obtain a double-layer coated water-retaining and slow-release organic fertilizer;

[0097] Step 8: Send the organic fertilizer prepared in step 7 to a drying device for drying to reduce the moisture content and facilitate storage and transportation. The drying temperature is 80° C. to 90° C. After drying, use packaging equipment for packaging.

[0098] Embodiment five:

[0099] On the basis of Example 2, a attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer includes the following production steps:

[0100] Step 1: Prepare materials, including attapulgite ore, organic materials, microbial agents, compound fertilizer raw materials, organic adhesives, and purified water;

[0101] Step 2: pre-treating the attapulgite ore;

[0102] ① Use a crusher to crush the attapulgite ore until it can pass through a 100-mesh sieve, mix the crushed attapulgite powder with an appropriate amount of water, soak it for 1 to 2 hours, and remove excess water and soluble impurities by wet extrusion after soaking;

[0103] ② Add a dispersant to the attapulgite powder and stir vigorously for 1 to 2 hours to obtain an attapulgite suspension;

[0104] ③ The attapulgite suspension obtained after stirring is centrifuged, and the centrifugation time is 25min to 30min, and the centrifugal speed is 3000rpm to 3300rpm, and the upper turbid liquid and fine impurities and suspended matter are separated to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture A;

[0105] ④ The attapulgite sedimentation mixture A after centrifugal purification is frozen at a temperature of -20°C to -25°C for 10 to 12 hours, and then subjected to microwave thawing to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture B, wherein the microwave thawing power is 700W to 800W and the microwave thawing time is 60s to 80s;

[0106] ⑤ Drying the frozen and thawed attapulgite sedimentation mixture B and sieving it into products of the required particle size, the drying temperature is 100° C. to 105° C., and the sieving particle size is able to pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder;

[0107] Step 3: Feed the raw materials for making compound fertilizer into a mixer, mix them thoroughly, and after mixing, crush them through a crusher until they can pass through a 120-mesh sieve;

[0108] Step 4: 30% of the attapulgite powder pretreated in step 2, 15% of the compound fertilizer material screened in step 3, 35% of organic materials, 10% of microbial agent, and the balance of pure water (all percentages are by weight) are put into a stirring mixer and mixed thoroughly;

[0109] Step 5: After mixing evenly, the mixed material is transferred into a fermentation device, and the fermentation temperature is 50°C to 65°C, and the humidity and ventilation conditions are maintained at 30°C to 40°C for fermentation treatment, and the fermentation time is 3 to 5 days;

[0110] Step 6: After the fermentation is completed, the fermented material is sent to a granulator for granulation, and the granulation particle size is able to pass through a 20-mesh sieve;

[0111] Step 7: placing the fermented organic fertilizer particles in step 6 into a rotary drum in a preheating device, making the surface temperature of the fertilizer reach 35°C to 40°C, using a high-pressure spray gun to evenly spray 3% of an organic adhesive on the surface of the preheated fertilizer particles to form a coated fertilizer, placing the sprayed coated fertilizer particles in a tunnel drying device, drying at 60°C to 70°C for 2 to 3 hours to solidify the coating liquid into a film, then using a nozzle with a pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa to spray water onto the surface of the coated fertilizer particles, and then evenly sprinkling a layer of bentonite on the surface, and then placing it in an oven to dry for 4 to 5 hours to obtain a double-layer coated water-retaining and slow-release organic fertilizer;

[0112] Step 8: Send the organic fertilizer prepared in step 7 to a drying device for drying to reduce the moisture content and facilitate storage and transportation. The drying temperature is 80° C. to 90° C. After drying, use packaging equipment for packaging.

[0113] Embodiment six:

[0114] On the basis of Example 2, a attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer includes the following production steps:

[0115] Step 1: Prepare materials, including attapulgite ore, organic materials, microbial agents, compound fertilizer raw materials, organic adhesives, and purified water;

[0116] Step 2: pre-treating the attapulgite ore;

[0117] ① Use a crusher to crush the attapulgite ore until it can pass through a 100-mesh sieve, mix the crushed attapulgite powder with an appropriate amount of water, soak it for 1 to 2 hours, and remove excess water and soluble impurities by wet extrusion after soaking;

[0118] ② Add a dispersant to the attapulgite powder and stir vigorously for 1 to 2 hours to obtain an attapulgite suspension;

[0119] ③ The attapulgite suspension obtained after stirring is centrifuged, and the centrifugation time is 25min to 30min, and the centrifugal speed is 3000rpm to 3300rpm, and the upper turbid liquid and fine impurities and suspended matter are separated to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture A;

[0120] ④ The attapulgite sedimentation mixture A after centrifugal purification is frozen at a temperature of -20°C to -25°C for 10 to 12 hours, and then subjected to microwave thawing to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture B, wherein the microwave thawing power is 700W to 800W and the microwave thawing time is 60s to 80s;

[0121] ⑤ Drying the frozen and thawed attapulgite sedimentation mixture B and sieving it into products of the required particle size, the drying temperature is 100° C. to 105° C., and the sieving particle size is able to pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder;

[0122] Step 3: Feed the raw materials for making compound fertilizer into a mixer, mix them thoroughly, and after mixing, crush them through a crusher until they can pass through a 120-mesh sieve;

[0123] Step 4: 30% of the attapulgite powder pretreated in step 2, 15% of the compound fertilizer material screened in step 3, 35% of organic materials, 5% of microbial agent, and the balance of pure water (all percentages are by weight) are put into a stirring mixer and mixed thoroughly;

[0124] Step 5: After mixing evenly, the mixed material is transferred into a fermentation device, and the fermentation temperature is 50°C to 65°C, and the humidity and ventilation conditions are maintained at 30°C to 40°C for fermentation treatment, and the fermentation time is 3 to 5 days;

[0125] Step 6: After the fermentation is completed, the fermented material is sent to a granulator for granulation, and the granulation particle size is able to pass through a 20-mesh sieve;

[0126] Step 7: placing the fermented organic fertilizer particles in step 6 into a rotary drum in a preheating device, making the surface temperature of the fertilizer reach 35°C to 40°C, using a high-pressure spray gun to evenly spray 5% of an organic adhesive on the surface of the preheated fertilizer particles to form a coated fertilizer, placing the sprayed coated fertilizer particles in a tunnel drying device, drying at 60°C to 70°C for 2 to 3 hours to solidify the coating liquid into a film, then using a nozzle with a pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa to spray water onto the surface of the coated fertilizer particles, and then evenly sprinkle a layer of bentonite on the surface, and then put it into an oven for drying again for 4 to 5 hours to obtain a double-layer coated water-retaining and slow-release organic fertilizer;

[0127] Step 8: Send the organic fertilizer prepared in step 7 to a drying device for drying to reduce the moisture content and facilitate storage and transportation. The drying temperature is 80° C. to 90° C. After drying, use packaging equipment for packaging.

[0128] Comparative Example 1:

[0129] On the basis of Example 6, the attapulgite ore was not subjected to centrifugal and microwave thawing treatments, and the attapulgite material was only subjected to simple filtration and screening, and the rest was the same as Example 6.

[0130] Comparative Example 2:

[0131] On the basis of Example 6, Bacillus subtilis was added as a microbial agent to the organic fertilizer preparation material, and no other microbial agents or mixtures thereof were added. The rest was the same as Example 6.

[0132] Comparative Example 3:

[0133] On the basis of Example 6, an organic adhesive is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the preheated fertilizer particles by a high-pressure spray gun to form a single-layer coated fertilizer, and the rest is the same as Example 6.

[0134] The present invention provides an attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are subjected to performance tests. According to the corresponding national testing standards, the performance test results of the organic fertilizers are as follows:

[0135]

[0136] According to the above data, including the organic matter conversion data and pathogen inhibition rate, it is concluded that by adding a variety of high-quality microbial strains such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Paenibacillus gelatinus as a mixed bacterial agent, it not only has a strong decomposition ability and can accelerate the conversion of organic matter and the release of nutrients, but also has the ability to inhibit pathogens and improve the soil microecological environment;

[0137] According to the change in nutrient balance and nutrient utilization rate of the soil after three days of use, the use of organic adhesive and bentonite for double-layer coating not only enhances the structural stability of the fertilizer and prevents the loss and volatilization of nutrients, but also achieves the slow release and continuous supply of nutrients through the double-layer coating design. The outer coating layer can effectively isolate the external environment from erosion of the fertilizer and protect the integrity of the internal nutrients, while the inner coating layer is closely combined with the fertilizer to ensure that nutrients can be released as needed during the growth of crops, thereby improving the utilization rate of nutrients and the absorption efficiency of crops.

[0138] According to the impurity removal rate and soil indicators, the attapulgite material was subjected to centrifugal treatment and microwave thawing treatment. The centrifugal treatment effectively removed impurities and adverse components in the attapulgite ore while retaining its core nanoporous structure. The microwave thawing treatment activated the active ingredients in the ore quickly and evenly through non-contact heating, further enhancing the fertilizer efficiency of the soil, thereby making the quality of the organic fertilizer higher, reducing the loss of nutrient elements in the production process, and improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer.

[0139] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent replacements or modifications made based on the present invention to solve basically the same technical problems and achieve basically the same technical effects are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The production steps include: Step 1: Prepare materials, including attapulgite ore, organic materials, microbial agents, compound fertilizer raw materials, organic adhesives, and purified water; Step 2: pre-treating the attapulgite ore; ① Use a crusher to crush the attapulgite ore until it can pass through a 100-mesh sieve, mix the crushed attapulgite powder with an appropriate amount of water, soak it for 1 to 2 hours, and remove excess water and soluble impurities by wet extrusion after soaking; ② Add a dispersant to the attapulgite powder and stir vigorously for 1 to 2 hours to obtain an attapulgite suspension; ③ The attapulgite suspension obtained after stirring is centrifuged, and the centrifugation time is 25min to 30min, and the centrifugal speed is 3000rpm to 3300rpm, and the upper turbid liquid and fine impurities and suspended matter are separated to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture A; ④ The attapulgite sedimentation mixture A after centrifugal purification is frozen at a temperature of -20°C to -25°C for 10 to 12 hours, and then subjected to microwave thawing to obtain the attapulgite sedimentation mixture B, wherein the microwave thawing power is 700W to 800W and the microwave thawing time is 60s to 80s; ⑤ Drying the frozen and thawed attapulgite sedimentation mixture B and sieving it into products of the required particle size, the drying temperature is 100° C. to 105° C., and the sieving particle size is able to pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder; Step 3: Feed the raw materials for making compound fertilizer into a mixer, mix them thoroughly, and after mixing, crush them through a crusher until they can pass through a 120-mesh sieve; Step 4: 20% to 30% of the attapulgite powder pretreated in step 2, 15% to 20% of the compound fertilizer material screened in step 3, 35% to 45% of organic materials, 5% to 10% of microbial agent, and the balance of pure water (all percentages are by weight) are put into a stirring mixer and mixed thoroughly; Step 5: After mixing evenly, the mixed material is transferred into a fermentation device, and the fermentation temperature is 50°C to 65°C, and the humidity and ventilation conditions are maintained at 30°C to 40°C for fermentation treatment, and the fermentation time is 3 to 5 days; Step 6: After the fermentation is completed, the fermented material is sent to a granulator for granulation, and the granulation particle size is able to pass through a 20-mesh sieve; Step 7: placing the fermented organic fertilizer particles in step 6 into a rotary drum in a preheating device, making the surface temperature of the fertilizer reach 35°C to 40°C, using a high-pressure spray gun to evenly spray 3% to 5% of an organic adhesive on the surface of the preheated fertilizer particles to form a coated fertilizer, placing the sprayed coated fertilizer particles in a tunnel drying device, drying at 60°C to 70°C for 2 to 3 hours to solidify the coating liquid into a film, then using a nozzle with a pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa to spray water onto the surface of the coated fertilizer particles, and then evenly sprinkle a layer of bentonite on the surface, and then put it into an oven for drying again for 4 to 5 hours to obtain a double-layer coated water-retaining and slow-release organic fertilizer; Step 8: Send the organic fertilizer prepared in step 7 to a drying device for drying to reduce the moisture content and facilitate storage and transportation. The drying temperature is 80° C. to 90° C. After drying, use packaging equipment for packaging.

2. The attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attapulgite ore is a natural one-dimensional nano-scale hydrated magnesium-rich aluminum silicate clay mineral.

3. The attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic material is a mixture of livestock and poultry manure and crop straw, and the mixing ratio of livestock and poultry manure to crop straw is 4:

3.

4. The attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial inoculant adopts a mixed strain of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Paenibacillus gelatinosa, wherein the mixing ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Paenibacillus gelatinosa is 2:1:

1.

5. The attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound fertilizer granules are prepared by mixing urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, volcanic rock powder, and corn straw powder as raw materials, and the mixing ratio is 4:2:1:1:5:3:3:

1.

6. The attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic adhesive is a water-soluble synthetic polymer, specifically polyvinyl alcohol.

7. The attapulgite ecological soil improving organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersant is a sodium polyacrylate solution, and the mixing ratio of the sodium polyacrylate solution to the attapulgite powder is 3:1.

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