Solar radiation shielding device for measuring photochemical mineralization of litter

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar radiation shielding device for measuring photochemical mineralization of litters, and aims to solve the technical problem that the existing device cannot effectively and accurately measure the photochemical mineralization, the technical scheme is as follows: a litter bag is of a sealing bag structure, the sealing bag is made of a polyethylene film, and the inner side surface of the sealing bag is sleeved with a layer of light filtering film; the light-transmitting type and the light-shading type are selected and used according to test requirements; the supporting device comprises an upper iron gauze and a lower iron gauze which are connected through hinges on one side and provided with connecting rods on the bottom face. The fixing device is of a regular rectangular pyramid structure, and a buckle is arranged on the side face and matched with the connecting rod in position. The rain shelter comprises a support, a flashing board fixing frame and a flashing board, the support is hinged to the fixing frame, the flashing board fixing frame is of a guide groove structure, and the flashing board is an acrylic board inserted into a guide groove. The influence of microbial decomposition on the test can be avoided, confusion of thermal decomposition and photodegradation effects is avoided, and the filter film is convenient to replace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of litter decomposition test equipment, and in particular relates to a solar radiation shielding device for measuring litter photochemical mineralization. Background Art

[0002] Solar radiation causes photodegradation of litter, which plays an important role in the carbon transformation of litter. The photodegradation caused by full-band solar radiation can be coupled with the microbial degradation process, which has an important impact on litter decomposition and carbon turnover in various ecosystems. Under natural conditions, abiotic decomposition caused by photochemical mineralization and biological decomposition caused by photoexcitation effect occur simultaneously. Distinguishing abiotic decomposition caused by photochemical mineralization and biological decomposition caused by photoexcitation effect is an important issue to be solved in this field. In order to distinguish the relative contributions of the two, a two-stage experiment is generally used to make photochemical mineralization and microbial decomposition proceed asynchronously. Among them, the photochemical mineralization of litter is measured by litter loss under field illumination and shading treatment. At present, there is some consensus on the illumination treatment method. For example, a transparent polyethylene film that can pass almost all solar radiation λ>290nm is generally used for illumination treatment. The shading treatment uses an orange polyester film that can attenuate UV and blue and green light λ>550nm. Compared with neutral density filters, this film has less effect on the litter microenvironment such as litter temperature and relative humidity. However, there are currently few related outdoor lighting processing devices and their production is relatively complex, and the use environment has certain limitations.

[0003] In order to achieve accurate photochemical mineralization, the activity of microorganisms should be suppressed as much as possible during the photochemical mineralization stage when the light treatment is carried out in the field. Therefore, the device should reduce the interference of microbial decomposition. Conventional practices include sterilizing litter before the experiment and using awnings to shelter from rain. In some studies, the litter is sealed with a sealed box to fully isolate the interference of water vapor condensation. Studies have found that water vapor condensation at night may be very important for microbial decomposition, so it is necessary to seal the litter. However, the sealed box may cause the temperature to rise and lead to confusion between thermal decomposition and photodegradation effects. Therefore, the experimental device should fully consider how to control the temperature increase. In addition, when the light treatment is carried out, the filter film will often age due to long-term exposure to solar radiation, resulting in changes in its transmittance, and it needs to be replaced regularly. Therefore, the experimental device should fully consider the convenience of replacement operation. Finally, in ecosystems with relatively harsh ecological environments, such as high altitudes and high latitudes, the environmental conditions are relatively harsh, such as strong solar radiation, low temperature, strong winds, etc., and the device is easily damaged. Therefore, the adaptability of the device to the environment should be fully considered. In order to solve the above problems, a solar radiation shielding device for measuring the photochemical mineralization of litter was designed and invented to achieve effective solar radiation shielding treatment and accurate photochemical mineralization measurement. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a solar radiation shielding device for measuring the photochemical mineralization of litter.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A solar radiation shielding device for measuring litter photochemical mineralization, comprising a litter bag, a supporting device, a fixing device and a rain shelter;

[0007] The litter bag is a sealed bag structure as a whole, and the sealed bag is made of a transparent polyethylene film. A sealing strip is provided at the opening of the sealed bag, and a layer of filter film is provided inside.

[0008] The supporting device comprises a lower wire mesh and an upper wire mesh, the lower wire mesh and the upper wire mesh have the same size and shape, one side of the lower wire mesh and the other side are connected by a hinge, and the other side is connected by a buckle, and connecting rods are provided at the four corners of the bottom surface of the lower wire mesh;

[0009] The fixing device is a regular tetrahedral pyramid structure, and a plurality of groups of buckles are provided on one side of the fixing device, each group containing 4 buckles, and the position of each group of buckles matches the relative position of the connecting rod;

[0010] The canopy includes four brackets, two rain shield fixing frames and rain shields. The top ends of the four brackets are respectively hinged at the two ends of the bottom surfaces of the two rain shield fixing frames. The two rain shield fixing frames are guide groove structures and the guide grooves are arranged opposite to each other. The rain shields are made of highly transparent acrylic plates and are inserted into the guide grooves on both sides. The rain shields are located directly above the fixing device, and the outer contour of the rain shield is larger than the outer contour of the bottom surface of the fixing device.

[0011] Furthermore, the filter films include two types: light-transmitting type and light-shielding type, which can be selected for use according to test requirements.

[0012] Furthermore, the side surface and the bottom surface of the fixing device form an angle of 25°.

[0013] Furthermore, fixing legs are provided around the bottom surface of the fixing device.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower ends of the fixed legs and the bracket are pointed cone structures.

[0015] Furthermore, end covers are provided at both ends of the rain shield fixing frame.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention can avoid the interference of microbial decomposition in the photochemical mineralization test by setting up a transparent polyethylene litter bag, and at the same time avoid the temperature increase caused by sealing, which leads to confusion between thermal decomposition and photodegradation effects. The combination of the litter bag and the supporting device can facilitate the replacement operation of the filter film;

[0018] 2. The present invention can increase the amount of solar radiation absorbed by the fallen leaves by setting the inclined surface of the fixing device, and at the same time can buffer the airflow and resist the impact of strong winds, making the device more stable;

[0019] 3. The present invention can better resist rain in the wild by setting a rain shield, and can better resist strong wind by using a more transparent and impact-resistant acrylic plate. The assembly by the plug-in and hinged methods is convenient for installation and disassembly of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the litter bag structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the fixing device and the rain shelter structure of the present invention;

[0024] In the figure: 1. sealing bag; 2. filter membrane; 3. sealing strip; 4. lower wire mesh; 5. upper wire mesh; 6. connecting rod; 7. fixing device; 8. buckle; 9. fixing foot; 10. bracket; 11. rain shield fixing bracket; 12. rain shield; 13. end cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a solar radiation shielding device for measuring litter photochemical mineralization includes a litter bag, a supporting device, a fixing device 7 and a rain shelter;

[0027] The litter bag is a sealed bag structure as a whole. The sealed bag 1 is made of a 40 μm thick transparent polyethylene film. A sealing strip 3 is provided at the opening of the sealed bag 1. A layer of filter film 2 is provided inside the sealed bag 1. The filter film 2 includes two types: light-transmitting type and light-shielding type. In the light treatment test, a light-transmitting type filter film 2 made of a transparent polyethylene film with a λ>290nm and a thickness of 70 μm is selected, which can pass almost all solar radiation. In the light-shielding treatment test, a light-shielding type filter film 2 made of an orange polyester film that can attenuate UV and blue and green light (λ>550nm) is selected;

[0028] The supporting device comprises a lower wire mesh 4 and an upper wire mesh 5, the lower wire mesh 4 and the upper wire mesh 5 have the same size and shape, and one side of the two is connected by a hinge, and the opposite side is connected by a buckle, so as to facilitate opening and replacing the litter bag, and connecting rods 6 are provided at the four corners of the bottom surface of the lower wire mesh 4;

[0029] The fixing device 7 is a regular quadrangular pyramid structure, with the side and the bottom at an angle of 25°, which can reduce the impact of strong wind on the fixing device 7 to the greatest extent. Four groups of buckles 8 are provided on one side of the fixing device 7, each group containing 4 buckles 8, and the position of each group of buckles 8 matches the relative position of the connecting rod 6. When placed in the wild, the four sides face due east, due south, due west, and due north, respectively, and the side with the buckles 8 faces due south, so that the litter bag can receive the maximum summer solar radiation. Fixed legs 9 are provided around the bottom surface, and the lower end is a pointed cone structure, so that the fixing device 7 is easy to fix and install;

[0030] The canopy includes four brackets 10, two rain shield fixing frames 11 and rain shields 12. The lower ends of the four brackets 10 are pointed cone structures, and the top ends are hinged to the two ends of the bottom surfaces of the two rain shield fixing frames 11. On the one hand, the pointed cone structure facilitates the insertion of the brackets 10 into the ground for installation, and on the other hand, the brackets 10 and the rain shield fixing frames 11 are hinged for easy folding and storage. The two rain shield fixing frames 11 are guide groove structures, and the guide grooves are arranged opposite to each other. The rain shield 12 is made of highly transparent acrylic panels with a light transmittance of 92%. Both sides are inserted into the guide grooves. End covers 13 are provided at both ends of the rain shield fixing frames 11 to prevent the rain shield 12 from sliding out. The rain shield 12 is located directly above the fixing device 7, and the outer contour of the rain shield 12 is larger than the outer contour of the bottom surface of the fixing device 7.

[0031] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0032] When the present invention is used, firstly, litter required for the test is collected and put into a sealed bag 1, a filter film 2 made of a transparent polyethylene film is selected for the light treatment test, and a filter film 2 made of an orange polyester film is selected for the light shielding treatment test, and is set in the sealed bag 1, and the sealed bag 1 is vented and sealed with a sealing strip 3, thereby forming a litter bag used for the test, the lower wire mesh 4 and the upper wire mesh 5 are opened along the hinge, the prepared litter bag is placed in the middle, the lower wire mesh 4 and the upper wire mesh 5 are closed, and the opposite sides are locked with buckles, so as to play a supporting role for the litter bag;

[0033] Arriving at the test site, first fix the fixture 7 by fixing the legs 9, with the side with the buckle 8 facing due south, then install the bracket 10 and the rain shield fixture 11 around the fixture 7, insert the rain shield 12 into the guide groove of the rain shield fixture 11, and buckle the end cover 13;

[0034] Align the connecting rod 6 of the prepared supporting device with the buckle 8 on the fixing device 7 and fix it, then the photochemical mineralization test can be carried out. The solar radiation passes through the rain shield 12 and shines on the litter bag. The rain shield 12 can protect the litter bag from rain without weakening the influence of solar radiation. The side and bottom of the fixing device 7 are at an angle of 25°, which can reduce the impact of strong wind on the litter bag. One side of the litter bag faces due south to receive the maximum summer solar radiation. The setting of the litter bag can avoid the influence of microbial decomposition on the test when conducting light tests in the field, and at the same time avoid the temperature increase caused by sealing and the confusion between thermal decomposition and photodegradation effects. The combination of the litter bag and the supporting device can facilitate the replacement operation of the filter film 2.

Claims

1. A solar radiation shielding device for measuring litter photochemical mineralization, characterized in that: It comprises a litter bag, a supporting device, a fixing device (7) and a rain shelter; The litter bag is a sealed bag structure as a whole. The sealed bag (1) is made of a transparent polyethylene film. A sealing strip (3) is provided at the opening of the sealed bag (1). A layer of filter film (2) is provided inside the sealed bag. The filter film (2) includes two types: light-transmitting type and light-shielding type. The filter film (2) is selected according to the test requirements. The supporting device comprises a lower wire mesh (4) and an upper wire mesh (5), the lower wire mesh (4) and the upper wire mesh (5) have the same size and shape, one side of the lower wire mesh (4) and the upper wire mesh (5) are connected by a hinge, and the opposite sides are connected by a buckle, and connecting rods (6) are provided at the four corners of the bottom surface of the lower wire mesh (4); The fixing device (7) is a regular quadrangular pyramid structure, and its side surface and bottom surface form an angle of 25°. A plurality of groups of buckles (8) are provided on one side surface of the fixing device (7), and each group contains 4 buckles (8). The position of each group of buckles (8) matches the relative position of the connecting rod (6). The rain shelter comprises four brackets (10), two rain shield fixing frames (11) and a rain shield (12); the top ends of the four brackets (10) are respectively hinged at the two ends of the bottom surface of the two rain shield fixing frames (11); the two rain shield fixing frames (11) are guide groove structures and the guide grooves are arranged opposite to each other; the rain shield (12) is made of a highly transparent acrylic plate and has two sides inserted into the guide grooves; the rain shield (12) is located directly above the fixing device (7); and the outer contour of the rain shield (12) is larger than the outer contour of the bottom surface of the fixing device (7).

2. A solar radiation shielding device for measuring litter photochemical mineralization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the fixing device (7) is surrounded by fixing legs (9).

3. A solar radiation shielding device for measuring litter photochemical mineralization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower ends of the fixed support leg (9) and the bracket (10) are pointed cone structures.

4. A solar radiation shielding device for measuring litter photochemical mineralization according to claim 1, characterized in that: End covers (13) are provided at both ends of the rain shield fixing frame (11).

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