A noise real-time monitoring method and device for seismic exploration

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and specifically discloses a noise real-time monitoring method and device for seismic exploration. The device comprises a terminal control module, a wireless transmission module and a noise monitoring module; the noise monitoring module is in communication connection with the terminal control module through the wireless transmission module; the terminal control module calculates the minimum time interval of the data packet sent by the noise monitoring module and configures information for the noise monitoring module; the noise monitoring module collects noise signals, performs root mean square value calculation according to the set window length, performs consistency analysis on the continuous noise signals and multiple signal models, obtains the source type of the noise, and transmits the analysis results of the multi-channel collected noise to the terminal control module; and the terminal control module displays the analysis results sent by the noise monitoring module in real time. The present application can realize real-time monitoring of noise in the whole region and automatic determination of the interference source type, and can perform excitation control determination or disaster warning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geophysical exploration technology, specifically relating to a method and device for real-time noise monitoring in seismic exploration. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of seismic exploration technology in the petroleum industry, exploration areas are extending towards complex surfaces and complex oil and gas reservoirs. To address the construction challenges in complex exploration areas, nodal instruments have emerged. Compared to wired instruments, nodal instruments are smaller, lighter, and easier to deploy, demonstrating unique technical advantages in seismic exploration operations in complex areas, thus gaining widespread promotion and large-scale application. However, nodal instruments also have disadvantages, such as the inability to monitor array noise in real time. Therefore, during construction, it is necessary to deploy some wired instrument arrays or other noise monitoring systems to achieve overall noise monitoring of the array, and then control the excitation source based on the real-time noise monitoring data.

[0003] However, existing methods for monitoring overall noise from node arrays also have many drawbacks. For example, deploying wired instruments or multiple noise signal acquisition devices at different locations within the array is not only impractical but also requires significant manpower and resources. The process involves converting the acquired analog noise signals to digital and transmitting them via communication media such as radio. Terminal equipment then decodes the received data and displays it as the true value of the sample points. While this method can acquire the real-time dynamic amplitude of the noise signal, the sheer volume of data makes it impossible to manage multiple noise signal acquisition devices simultaneously, and it places extremely stringent requirements on the transmission medium. Furthermore, the identification of the noise interference source type often relies on subjective human judgment, which is detrimental to the quality control of seismic exploration data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention aims to provide a real-time noise monitoring device for seismic exploration. This device can simultaneously employ multiple noise signal acquisition devices to achieve real-time monitoring of noise in complex areas and automatic identification of interference source types.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a real-time noise monitoring method for seismic exploration, which requires the use of the aforementioned real-time noise monitoring device for seismic exploration. This method allows for more flexible selection of various communication media, significantly reduces data transmission volume, and enables real-time acquisition of noise interference source types, thereby improving the management capabilities of the noise signal acquisition device and the quality of the acquired data.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A real-time noise monitoring device for seismic exploration includes a terminal control module, a wireless transmission module, and a noise monitoring module; the noise monitoring module is communicatively connected to the terminal control module through the wireless transmission module; the terminal control module calculates the minimum time interval for the noise monitoring module to send data packets and sends configuration information to the noise monitoring module.

[0008] The noise monitoring module collects noise signals, calculates the root mean square value according to the set noise analysis time window length, performs consistency analysis between the collected continuous noise signals and the stored multiple signal models to obtain the noise source type, and packages the analysis results of the multi-channel noise collection into data and transmits it to the terminal control module through the wireless transmission module.

[0009] The terminal control module displays the analysis results sent by the noise monitoring module in real time;

[0010] The noise monitoring module includes a noise receiving sensor and a noise acquisition device, wherein the noise receiving sensor is connected to the data acquisition channel of the noise acquisition device; the terminal control module includes a terminal control device.

[0011] This invention also discloses a method for real-time noise monitoring in seismic exploration, the method comprising the following steps performed sequentially:

[0012] S1. Write the signal model into the noise acquisition device, arrange the noise acquisition device according to the needs of on-site noise monitoring, and connect the data acquisition channel of the noise receiving sensor and the noise acquisition device.

[0013] After initializing, locating, and monitoring the data acquisition channel status of the noise acquisition device, the noise acquisition device enters standby mode.

[0014] S2. The terminal control device calculates the minimum interval period for the noise acquisition device to send information based on the data communication method, the number of noise acquisition devices, the data transmission bandwidth, and the size of the data packet. It also calculates the maximum number of samples that can be transmitted based on the minimum interval period and the information content in the data packet, thus obtaining the noise analysis time window length.

[0015] S3. The terminal control device sends configuration information to the noise acquisition device through the wireless transmission module. The configuration information includes the acquisition start time, threshold value, noise analysis time window length, and minimum interval period.

[0016] S4. The noise acquisition device configures parameters according to the received configuration information. After the configuration is completed, the configuration result information and status information are sent to the terminal control device through the wireless transmission module.

[0017] S5. After receiving the configuration result information and status information sent by the noise acquisition device, the terminal control device checks the returned information.

[0018] If the status of the return information corresponding to all noise acquisition devices is normal, the terminal control device sends a command to start acquisition at the agreed GPS time to all noise acquisition devices; if there is an abnormality, for the noise acquisition device with an abnormal return status, the process starts again from step S3 until the status of the return information corresponding to all noise acquisition devices is normal, and then the terminal control device sends a command to start acquisition at the agreed GPS time to all noise acquisition devices.

[0019] Alternatively, for noise acquisition devices that return normal information status, the terminal control device first sends an acquisition command to the noise acquisition device that returns normal information status; for noise acquisition devices that return abnormal information status, it is necessary to start executing from step S3 again until the return information status is normal, and then the terminal control device will send an agreed GPS time start acquisition command.

[0020] S6. After receiving the start acquisition command, the noise acquisition device continuously acquires noise signals according to the acquisition start time and calculates the root mean square value sequentially according to the set noise analysis time window length.

[0021] S7. Compare the root mean square value with the set threshold value;

[0022] If the root mean square value is less than the set threshold value, then proceed to step S8;

[0023] If the root mean square value is greater than the set threshold, the noise signal source is acquired, and the noise signal source type is obtained according to the intelligent noise model automatic matching technology.

[0024] S8. The noise acquisition device sends data from multiple channels to the terminal control device, which then performs excitation control judgment or disaster early warning based on the received data from multiple channels.

[0025] As a limitation, in step S6, the noise acquisition device obtains the noise analysis time window length according to the set minimum interval period, and divides the continuously acquired signal according to the noise analysis time window length, and calculates the root mean square value of the noise signal within the noise analysis time window length.

[0026] As a second limitation, in step S7, the acquisition of the noise signal source begins when the root mean square value is higher than the threshold value. The continuous noise signal within the noise analysis window corresponding to the root mean square value higher than the threshold value is compared and analyzed with the written signal model through intelligent noise model automatic matching technology.

[0027] As a third limitation, the multiple channel data in step S8 includes basic header information, device number, number of channels for data acquisition, GPS coordinate information, transmission time, root mean square value, and noise signal source type of the data acquisition channel, and the multiple channel data is sent to the terminal control device in the form of one or more data packets.

[0028] As a fourth limitation, the method for the terminal control device to perform excitation control judgment or disaster early warning in step S8 is as follows: the terminal control device determines the interference source and noise energy change within the range based on the received data from multiple channels, and dynamically displays the root mean square value on the monitoring map in real time.

[0029] As a further limitation, different colors are used on the monitoring map to represent different amplitudes of the root mean square value.

[0030] As a fifth limitation, the intelligent noise model automatic matching technology compares the consistency between the collected noise signal and the stored multiple signal models. By calculating the spectra of the collected noise signal and the stored multiple signal models, and comparing the degree of matching between the spectrum of the collected noise signal and the spectrum of the stored signal models, the type of noise signal is obtained.

[0031] As a sixth constraint, the formulas for calculating the minimum interval period and the length of the noise analysis window are as follows:

[0032] Minimum interval period = data transmission bandwidth / (number of noise acquisition devices * data packet size);

[0033] Noise analysis window length = minimum interval period / number of samples in data packet.

[0034] By adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0035] (1) The device of the present invention has strong applicability. By deploying multiple noise collection devices in one area, noise monitoring and automatic determination of the type of interference source can be achieved for the entire area.

[0036] (2) The method of the present invention achieves real-time monitoring of noise root mean square value and noise interference source determination, while greatly reducing the amount of data transmission, improving the management capability of noise signal acquisition device and the quality of acquired data, and providing data support for triggering control judgment or disaster early warning.

[0037] (3) The method of the present invention has strong applicability and can be applied to any operating area such as plains, deserts, and Gobi, providing noise monitoring services for the construction of node instruments;

[0038] In summary, this invention can realize real-time monitoring of outdoor noise and automatic identification of noise interference sources, providing data support for triggering control judgment or disaster early warning. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the real-time noise monitoring method for seismic exploration according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the noise collection device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a spectrum comparison diagram of noise signal and heavy truck signal in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0044] Example 1: Real-time noise monitoring device for seismic exploration

[0045] This embodiment includes a terminal control module, a wireless transmission module, and a noise monitoring module. The noise monitoring module is connected to the terminal control module via the wireless transmission module. The terminal control module calculates the minimum time interval for the noise monitoring module to send data packets and sends configuration information to the noise acquisition module. The configuration information includes the acquisition start time, threshold value, noise analysis window length, and minimum interval period. The noise monitoring module acquires noise signals, calculates the root mean square value of noise according to the set noise analysis window length, performs consistency analysis between the acquired noise signals and stored signal models to obtain the noise source type, and packages the analysis results of multi-channel noise acquisition into data packages and transmits them to the terminal control module via the wireless transmission module. The terminal control module displays the analysis results sent by the noise monitoring module in real time.

[0046] The noise acquisition module includes a noise receiving sensor and a noise acquisition device, with the noise receiving sensor connected to the data acquisition channel of the noise acquisition device; the noise acquisition device includes a data acquisition unit, a data storage unit, and a main control unit, and the terminal control module includes a terminal control device.

[0047] In this embodiment, the noise receiving sensor is a seismic detector; the data acquisition unit uses an AD1282-based circuit, the data storage unit uses an SD card, and the main control unit uses an FPGA chip-based circuit; the wireless transmission module consists of a transmitter, a receiver, and a controller; and the terminal control module uses an industrial panel PC.

[0048] Example 2: Real-time noise monitoring method for seismic exploration

[0049] This embodiment provides a method for real-time noise monitoring in seismic exploration, which requires the device described in Embodiment 1 for implementation. Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment uses five noise acquisition devices, namely the first noise acquisition device to the fifth noise acquisition device, with corresponding ID numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively. These five noise acquisition devices are deployed sequentially in different surface environments within the same area. Each noise acquisition device uses six data channels, and each channel is connected to one seismic detector. The seismic detector positions of two adjacent data channels corresponding to the same noise acquisition device are spaced 20 meters apart.

[0050] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart of the real-time noise monitoring method for seismic exploration in this embodiment. This embodiment includes the following steps performed sequentially:

[0051] S1. Based on the requirements of on-site noise monitoring, place the first to fifth noise acquisition devices. The six seismic detectors of the first noise acquisition device are placed along the gullies on the mountain. The six seismic detectors of the second and third noise acquisition devices are placed along both ends of the highway in the area. The six seismic detectors of the fourth noise acquisition device are placed in the central area of ​​the area. The six seismic detectors of the fifth noise acquisition device are placed on the normal ground surface of the area. Connect the data acquisition channels of the seismic detectors and the noise acquisition devices.

[0052] After power-on, the noise acquisition device is initialized, located, and the data acquisition channel status is monitored. The noise acquisition device stores this status information and writes the signal model into the noise acquisition device before entering standby mode.

[0053] S2. The terminal control device calculates the minimum interval period for the noise acquisition device to send information based on the data communication method, the number of noise acquisition devices, the data transmission bandwidth, and the size of the data packet. It then calculates the maximum number of samples that can be transmitted based on the minimum interval period and the content information in the data packet, thus obtaining the noise analysis time window length. In this embodiment, the minimum interval period for the noise acquisition device to send information is 400ms. The information content in the data packet includes the data packet size and the number of samples. Wherein, minimum interval period = data transmission bandwidth / (number of noise acquisition devices * data packet size); noise analysis time window length = minimum interval period / number of samples in the data packet.

[0054] S3. The terminal control device sends configuration information to the noise acquisition device through the wireless transmission module. The configuration information includes the acquisition start time, threshold value, noise analysis time window length and minimum interval period. In this embodiment, the threshold value is set to 10uV, the noise analysis time window length is 100ms and the minimum interval period is 400ms.

[0055] S4. The noise acquisition device receives the configuration information and configures the parameters. After the configuration is completed, it sends the configuration result information and status information to the terminal control device through 4G / 5G network, radio, WiFi, etc. In this embodiment, 4G network is used for data communication.

[0056] S5. After receiving the configuration result information and status information sent by the noise acquisition devices with IDs 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively, the terminal control device checks the returned information. If the status of the returned information corresponding to all noise acquisition devices is normal, the terminal control device sends a command to start acquisition at the agreed GPS time to all noise acquisition devices. If there is an abnormality, for the noise acquisition devices with abnormal returned status, the process restarts from step S3 until the status of the returned information corresponding to all noise acquisition devices is normal. Then, the terminal control device sends a command to start acquisition at the agreed GPS time to all noise acquisition devices.

[0057] Alternatively, for noise acquisition devices that return normal information status, the terminal control device first sends an acquisition command to the noise acquisition device that returns normal information status; for noise acquisition devices that return abnormal information status, it is necessary to restart from step S3 until the return information status is normal, and then the terminal control device will send an agreed GPS time start acquisition command.

[0058] In this embodiment, it was found that the noise acquisition device with ID 5 returned information showing that its configured information transmission interval was 200ms, which was inconsistent with the command information sent by the terminal control device. Therefore, it was considered that its return status was abnormal, indicating that the parameter configuration failed, and the execution was restarted from step S3.

[0059] For noise acquisition devices that return a normal status, the terminal control device sends a command to start acquisition at the agreed GPS time. If the noise acquisition devices with IDs 1, 2, 3, and 4 return information showing that their configured parameters are consistent with the command information sent by the terminal control device, and their own status such as satellite status lock and acquisition path connectivity is normal, then it is considered that their return status information is normal and the parameter configuration is successful. The terminal control device then sends a command to start acquisition at the agreed GPS time.

[0060] S6. After receiving the start acquisition command, the noise acquisition device continuously acquires noise signals according to the acquisition start time and calculates the root mean square value sequentially according to the set noise analysis time window length. The acquired signal is divided into segments according to the length of the noise analysis time window of 100ms, and the root mean square value of the noise signal within the window length is calculated sequentially.

[0061] S7. Compare the root mean square value with the set threshold value;

[0062] If the root mean square value is less than the set threshold value, then proceed to step S8;

[0063] If the root mean square (RMS) value exceeds a set threshold, noise signal sources are acquired. Starting from the time window where the RMS value exceeds the threshold, continuous data is compared and analyzed against stored signal models using intelligent noise model automatic matching technology to determine the noise signal source type. This process continues until the RMS value falls below the set threshold. The intelligent noise model automatic matching technology compares the consistency of the acquired noise signal with multiple stored signal models. It calculates the spectra of the acquired noise signal and the multiple stored signal models, comparing the degree of matching between the spectra of the acquired noise signal and the spectra of the stored signal models. If the consistency exceeds a certain specific value, the type of noise signal can be determined.

[0064] In this embodiment, the noise acquisition device with ID 2 has three data channels that collect noise signals with root mean square values ​​exceeding 10uV. By comparing and analyzing the continuous noise signals collected by these three data channels with multiple stored signal models, its shape is consistent with the signal shape generated by the heavy truck, thus determining that the noise signal comes from the interference of the heavy truck. At the same time, based on the root mean square values ​​of the noise collected by the six data channels, the direction of travel of the heavy truck can be inferred.

[0065] S8. The noise acquisition device sends data, including basic header information, device number, number of channels for data acquisition, GPS coordinate information, transmission time, root mean square value, and noise signal source type of the data acquisition channel, to the terminal control device in the form of one or more data packets.

[0066] The terminal control device displays the updated status in real time on the monitoring map based on the received data packets, showing the root mean square (RMS) value of noise as a dynamic bar graph, with different colors representing different amplitudes. Noise acquisition device ID 2 has three data channels that have collected noise signals with an RMS value exceeding 10uV, and the noise source type is determined to be a heavy truck. Therefore, the noise RMS value is displayed dynamically in real time on the monitoring map as a red bar graph, with a truck icon displayed at that location to indicate the type of noise interference source. Based on the noise information received from the noise acquisition devices, the terminal control device determines the interference sources within the range and the changes in noise energy, thereby enabling triggering control judgments or disaster warnings.

[0067] In addition to being displayed as a dynamic bar graph, the root mean square value of noise can also be displayed dynamically using other graphs such as line graphs. Figure 3 The figure shows a comparison of the spectra of noise signals and heavy truck signals. Curve a in the figure represents the spectrum of the heavy truck signal, and curve b represents the spectrum of the collected noise signal. By comparison, it is found that the spectrum of the collected noise signal is consistent with the spectrum of the stored heavy truck signal, which indicates that the collected noise signal is a signal generated by the heavy truck.

Claims

1. A real-time noise monitoring device for seismic exploration, characterized in that, It includes a terminal control module, a wireless transmission module, and multiple noise monitoring modules; the multiple noise monitoring modules are connected to the terminal control module through the wireless transmission module. The terminal control module is used to calculate the minimum interval period for the noise monitoring module to send data packets based on the data communication method, the number of noise monitoring modules, the data transmission bandwidth, and the size of the data packets, and to determine the noise analysis time window length based on the minimum interval period. Then, it generates configuration information including the acquisition start time, threshold value, the noise analysis time window length, and the minimum interval period, and sends it to the noise monitoring module through the wireless transmission module. The noise monitoring module is used to receive the configuration information and configure the parameters. After the configuration is completed, the configuration result information and status information are returned to the terminal control module through the wireless transmission module. The terminal control module is also used to check the received configuration result information and status information, and after confirming that the noise monitoring module returns a normal status, it sends a start collection command based on the agreed GPS time to the noise monitoring module. The noise monitoring module is also used to collect noise signals after receiving a start collection command, calculate the root mean square value according to the set window length of the noise analysis time window, perform consistency analysis between the collected continuous noise signals and the stored multiple signal models to obtain the source type of noise, and package the analysis results of the multi-channel noise collection into data and transmit it to the terminal control module through the wireless transmission module. The terminal control module is also used to display the analysis results sent by the noise monitoring module in real time, and to make judgments on the excitation control of the seismic exploration excitation source or to issue disaster warnings based on the analysis results containing the noise source types sent by the multiple noise monitoring modules. The noise monitoring module includes a noise receiving sensor and a noise acquisition device, wherein the noise receiving sensor is connected to the data acquisition channel of the noise acquisition device; the terminal control module includes a terminal control device.

2. A method for real-time noise monitoring in seismic exploration, implemented using the real-time noise monitoring device for seismic exploration as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The method includes the following steps performed sequentially: S1. Write the signal model into the noise acquisition device, arrange the noise acquisition device according to the needs of on-site noise monitoring, and connect the data acquisition channel of the noise receiving sensor and the noise acquisition device. After initializing, locating, and monitoring the data acquisition channel status of the noise acquisition device, the noise acquisition device enters standby mode. S2. The terminal control device calculates the minimum interval period for the noise acquisition device to send information based on the data communication method, the number of noise acquisition devices, the data transmission bandwidth, and the size of the data packet. It also calculates the maximum number of samples that can be transmitted based on the minimum interval period and the information content in the data packet, thus obtaining the noise analysis time window length. S3. The terminal control device sends configuration information to the noise acquisition device through the wireless transmission module. The configuration information includes the acquisition start time, threshold value, noise analysis time window length, and minimum interval period. S4. The noise acquisition device configures parameters according to the received configuration information. After the configuration is completed, the configuration result information and status information are sent to the terminal control device through the wireless transmission module. S5. After receiving the configuration result information and status information sent by the noise acquisition device, the terminal control device checks the returned information. If the status of all returned information from all noise acquisition devices is normal, the terminal control device sends a command to all noise acquisition devices to start acquisition at the agreed GPS time. If an anomaly is found, for the noise acquisition device that returns an abnormal status, the process will restart from step S3 until the status of the return information corresponding to all noise acquisition devices is normal. Then, the terminal control device will send a command to all noise acquisition devices to start acquisition at the agreed GPS time. Alternatively, for noise acquisition devices that return normal information status, the terminal control device first sends an acquisition command to the noise acquisition device that returns normal information status. For noise acquisition devices that return abnormal information status, it is necessary to restart from step S3 until the return information status is normal before the terminal control device will send the agreed GPS time to start acquisition command. S6. After receiving the start acquisition command, the noise acquisition device continuously acquires noise signals according to the acquisition start time and calculates the root mean square value sequentially according to the set noise analysis time window length. S7. Compare the root mean square value with the set threshold value; If the root mean square value is less than the set threshold value, then proceed to step S8; If the root mean square value is greater than the set threshold, the noise signal source is acquired, and the noise signal source type is obtained according to the intelligent noise model automatic matching technology. S8. The noise acquisition device sends data from multiple channels to the terminal control device, which then performs excitation control judgment or disaster early warning based on the received data from multiple channels.

3. The method for real-time noise monitoring in seismic exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S6, the noise acquisition device obtains the noise analysis time window length according to the set minimum interval period, and divides the continuously acquired signal according to the noise analysis time window length, and calculates the root mean square value of the noise signal within the noise analysis time window length.

4. The method for real-time noise monitoring in seismic exploration according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, In step S7, the noise signal source is acquired starting from the root mean square value being higher than the threshold value. The continuous noise signal within the noise analysis window corresponding to the root mean square value higher than the threshold value is compared and analyzed with the written signal model through intelligent noise model automatic matching technology.

5. The method for real-time noise monitoring in seismic exploration according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The multiple channel data in step S8 includes basic header information, device number, number of channels for data acquisition, GPS coordinate information, transmission time, root mean square value, and noise signal source type of the data acquisition channel. The multiple channel data are sent to the terminal control device in the form of one or more data packets.

6. The method for real-time noise monitoring in seismic exploration according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The method for the terminal control device to perform excitation control judgment or disaster early warning in step S8 is as follows: the terminal control device determines the interference source and noise energy change within the range based on the received data from multiple channels, and dynamically displays the root mean square value on the monitoring map in real time.

7. The method for real-time noise monitoring in seismic exploration according to claim 6, characterized in that, On the monitoring map, different colors represent different amplitudes of the root mean square value.

8. The method for real-time noise monitoring in seismic exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that, The intelligent noise model automatic matching technology compares the consistency between the collected noise signal and multiple stored signal models. It calculates the spectra of the collected noise signal and the multiple stored signal models, compares the degree of matching between the spectra of the collected noise signal and the spectra of the stored signal models, and obtains the type of noise signal.

9. The method for real-time noise monitoring in seismic exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The formulas for calculating the minimum interval period and the length of the noise analysis window are as follows: Minimum interval period = data transmission bandwidth / (number of noise acquisition devices * data packet size); Noise analysis window length = minimum interval period / number of samples in data packet.

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