Rotational flow plate type SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) denitration tower
The cyclone plate type SCR denitrification tower enhances mixing and catalyst contact, addressing incomplete mixing and catalyst deactivation issues, thereby improving denitrification efficiency and catalyst longevity.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411443724.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-16
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing SCR denitrification technologies face issues with incomplete mixing of flue gas and ammonia, reduced catalyst contact area, and catalyst deactivation due to dust deposition, leading to decreased denitrification efficiency.
A cyclone plate type SCR denitrification tower with a dust removal mechanism, swirl plates, and a movable catalyst carrier plate to enhance mixing and contact between flue gas and ammonia, while separating dust particles and preventing catalyst deactivation.
Improves denitrification efficiency by ensuring uniform mixing of flue gas and ammonia, maximizing catalyst contact, and extending catalyst life through dust separation and reduced catalyst aggregation.
Smart Images
Figure CN119158409A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas denitration, in particular to a cyclone plate type SCR denitration tower. Background Art
[0002] Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are one of the main pollutants in air pollution and an important factor in the formation of acid rain. In order to promote sustainable industrial development, industrial restrictions on pollutant emissions have become increasingly stringent, and reducing NOx emissions has become one of the main links in sustainable industrial development. Currently, flue gas denitrification technology mainly reduces NOx in flue gas into harmless nitrogen and water, thereby reducing NOx emissions.
[0003] At present, denitrification technologies are mainly divided into SCR (selective catalytic reduction) technology and SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) technology. Compared with SNCR technology, SCR has a higher denitrification efficiency, which can reach more than 85%; SCR denitrification technology is to spray the reducing agent (ammonia or urea) into the flue gas, and react chemically with NOx in the flue gas under the action of the catalyst to generate nitrogen and water; although SCR technology has a high denitrification efficiency, in order to ensure the denitrification efficiency, the flue gas and ammonia need to be fully mixed and fully contacted with the catalyst. For this reason, the existing denitrification tower increases the contact time of ammonia, NOx and the catalyst by increasing the cross-sectional area of the denitrification tower or increasing the tower height, but this will cause The flow field in the flue gas field becomes laminar, the turbulence of the mixer is reduced, and the deposition of particulate matter in the flue gas is increased, resulting in a decrease in the activity of the catalyst, thereby causing a decrease in the denitrification efficiency of the flue gas. The prior art has proposed a good solution, such as a cyclone plate SCR denitrification tower and a denitrification method thereof with patent publication number CN105289300B, which uses a cyclone to cause the flue gas to swirl upward and entrain the injected ammonia, thereby mixing them evenly and increasing the stroke and residence time in a spiral ascending manner to make the catalytic reaction more complete, and uses a corrugated plate catalyst layer to allow the dust separated by spiral centrifugation to roll through the surface of the corrugated plate catalyst into the ash storage box, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the denitrification efficiency.
[0004] Although the existing technology has solved the problem of uneven mixing of ammonia and flue gas and insufficient contact with the catalyst resulting in reduced denitrification efficiency, the following problems still exist: when the catalyst is set on the inner wall of the denitrification tower, on the one hand, the dust separated from the flue gas under the action of the rotating centrifugal force will cover the surface of the catalyst, thereby reducing the contact area between the catalyst and the mixed gas of ammonia and flue gas, and adhesion or friction between the dust particles and the catalyst will cause the catalyst to lose activity, thereby resulting in a decrease in denitrification efficiency. At the same time, the contact between the inner circle flue gas and ammonia and the catalyst will also be reduced, resulting in a decrease in denitrification efficiency. The catalyst layer directly placed in the tower body will block the cyclone effect of the cyclone at the bottom of the denitrification tower, thereby preventing the flue gas and ammonia above the tower body from swirling, resulting in the flue gas and ammonia that are not fully mixed and reacted after reaching the upper layer of the denitrification tower. The flue gas and ammonia that are not fully mixed and reacted will quickly escape from the denitrification tower, and the rising flue gas will drive the dust particles up together, thereby resulting in a decrease in denitrification efficiency.
[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention designs a cyclone plate type SCR denitrification tower. Summary of the invention
[0006] The present invention provides a swirl plate type SCR denitrification tower, which solves the problem that after the flue gas rises to the upper part of the denitrification tower, the flue gas and ammonia that are not fully mixed are not denitrified due to the small effect of the cyclone, and the denitrification efficiency is reduced due to insufficient contact area with the catalyst during the rising process. A dust removal mechanism is provided to make the flue gas rise after dust removal, and a plurality of swirl plates and catalyst layers are provided to perform multi-stage reaction. The swirl plates are used to rotate the flue gas. During the rotation, the ammonia is fully mixed with the rotating flue gas through the ammonia injection holes on the surface of the swirl plate blades. The rising force of the mixed flue gas drives the catalyst layer to be arranged in a movable carrier to fully contact with the flue gas, thereby improving the denitrification efficiency.
[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0008] A swirl plate type SCR denitrification tower, comprising a flue gas channel, an ammonia channel, a tower body and an air outlet channel, and also comprising a dust removal mechanism, a mixing mechanism and a catalyst layer; the dust removal mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the tower body; the mixing mechanism comprises a swirl plate and a movable carrier; a plurality of the swirl plates are equidistantly installed in the tower body; a plurality of the movable carriers are spaced apart from the swirl plates; the catalyst layer is arranged in the movable carrier; the flue gas enters the dust removal mechanism through the flue gas channel to form a spiral flow and descends, and when it descends to the bottom of the dust removal mechanism, it moves upward, and when the flue gas rises to the swirl plate position, it swirls under the guidance of the swirl plate, ammonia enters from the ammonia channel and flows out from the surface of the swirl plate to mix with the swirling flue gas, and the mixed flue gas and ammonia rise to the movable carrier position to cause the movable carrier to shake and flow through the catalyst layer in the movable carrier and flow out from the air outlet channel.
[0009] Preferably, the dust removal mechanism includes a separation space, an air outlet channel and a dust storage chamber; the separation space is arranged below the mixing flow mechanism; the air outlet channel is arranged at the upper part of the separation space; the dust storage chamber is arranged below the separation space; and the smoke channel is tangentially connected to the separation space.
[0010] In the above scheme, the flue gas enters the separation space at a tangential angle to form a middle vortex, and forms a downward vortex under the action of the outer wall of the air outlet channel and the inner wall of the separation space, thereby separating the dust particles in the flue gas by centrifugal force. When it reaches the bottom of the separation space, the flue gas rises due to the negative pressure formed in the center of the flue gas, flows out through the air outlet channel, and flows to the position of the vortex plate.
[0011] Preferably, the swirl plate comprises a fixing ring and blades; the fixing ring is connected to the tower body; a plurality of blades are circumferentially arranged on the inner ring of the fixing ring, and the blades are installed at an oblique angle to the end surface of the fixing ring.
[0012] In the above scheme, the rising flue gas is swirled by the swirl plate, thereby increasing the mixing time and distance of the flue gas and ammonia to make the mixing more uniform. On the other hand, the centrifugal force of the rotating flue gas can make the dust in the flue gas be thrown to the outer circle, thereby separating the flue gas and dust particles.
[0013] Preferably, an air guide cavity is provided in the fixing ring; the air guide cavity is connected to the ammonia channel; ammonia injection holes are evenly provided on the blades, and an air guide channel is provided inside the blades; the air guide channel is connected to the air guide cavity.
[0014] In the above scheme, by opening ammonia injection holes on the blade surface, when the flue gas reaches the swirl plate position and swirls through the blade surface, the ammonia can increase the contact area with the flue gas, quickly mix with the flue gas, and swirl with the flue gas at the same time to increase the uniformity of mixing, thereby ensuring the denitrification efficiency.
[0015] Preferably, a ash removal hole is provided on the inner wall of the fixing ring; the ash removal hole is communicated with the air guide cavity, and the ash removal hole is an arc hole, and the direction of the arc is opposite to the swirl direction of the smoke passing through the swirl plate.
[0016] In the above scheme, after the flue gas passes through the swirl plate, a swirl is formed in the flue gas. At this time, the dust particles in the flue gas are thrown onto the inner wall of the fixed ring under the action of centrifugal force. At this time, the ash removal holes are connected to the air guide cavity to discharge ammonia. Since the ash removal holes are arc-shaped holes, the ammonia gas will form a flow direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the flue gas after being sprayed out, thereby forming a shear flow with the flue gas. Under this flow mode, on the one hand, a vortex will be formed on the contact surface of the two, thereby enhancing the mixing of the two and making the mixing effect more uniform. On the other hand, under this shear action, the particles originally adhering to the inner wall of the fixed ring will be separated, and then settle under the action of gravity.
[0017] Preferably, the center line of the ash removal hole is obliquely downward from the air guide cavity to the inner wall of the fixing ring; and an ash collecting groove is provided below the fixing ring.
[0018] In the above scheme, the ash removal holes divert the ammonia downward, so that the ammonia is in the opposite direction of the smoke rotation direction. At the same time, the smoke tends to be upward and the ammonia tends to be downward, which can further enhance the mixing trend of the two. The downward-flowing ammonia can be mixed with the smoke and then pass through the swirl plate again with the smoke to swirl upward, further improving the mixing effect. And because the smoke tends to be upward and the ammonia tends to be downward, the dust particles that have separated from the inner wall of the fixed ring will move downward under the drive of the ammonia, thereby causing the fixed ring to enter the ash collecting trough.
[0019] Preferably, the movable carrier comprises a floating tank, a catalyst carrier plate and a balancing seat; the floating tank is opened on the inner wall of the tower body; the catalyst carrier plate is installed in the floating tank; and the balancing seat is connected to the swirl plate.
[0020] In the above scheme, the catalyst carrier plate can be shaken under the action of the rising force of the flue gas, so that the gas and the catalyst particles in the catalyst carrier plate can be fully contacted, and the gas can be more evenly distributed on the catalyst surface, thereby improving the reaction rate and sufficiency; in the fixed bed reaction, due to the arrangement and shape of the catalyst particles, a gas channel effect may occur, so that part of the catalyst cannot be fully utilized. The catalyst can be redistributed through the shaking effect, thereby reducing the impact of the gas channel effect and improving the overall reaction efficiency; and shaking the bed can improve the heat transfer in the bed layer, improve the reaction safety and reaction efficiency, while reducing the aggregation and pulverization of catalyst particles, extending the service life of the catalyst, saving costs and ensuring the stability of the reaction. At the same time, through the activity of the catalyst carrier plate, it can be avoided that fine particles in the flue gas adhere to the catalyst carrier plate under long-term use, so that the catalyst carrier plate is blocked and the flue gas cannot pass effectively.
[0021] Preferably, the bottom of the catalyst carrier plate is provided with an arc-shaped bottom surface; the weight of the arc-shaped bottom surface is sufficient to make the overall center of gravity of the catalyst carrier plate lower than the supporting surface.
[0022] In the above scheme, by lowering the center of gravity of the catalyst carrier plate to below the supporting surface and forming a tumbler structure through the curved bottom surface, the catalyst carrier plate can be shaken by the rising wind force, thereby achieving a more uniform contact between the gas and the catalyst, allowing the catalyst to be fully utilized and improving the reaction efficiency and reaction sufficiency.
[0023] Preferably, the volume ratio of the catalyst filled in the inner space of the catalyst carrier plate to the inner space of the catalyst carrier plate is less than 1; and a plurality of stabilizing springs are arranged in a circular array between the catalyst carrier plate and the floating groove.
[0024] In the above scheme, the catalyst in the catalyst carrier plate is not completely filled with the catalyst carrier plate, so that the catalyst can move in the catalyst carrier plate when the catalyst carrier plate is shaken, thereby increasing the contact area with the gas and further achieving the purpose of full reaction. The catalyst carrier plate and the floating groove are connected with a stabilizing spring so that the amplitude of the catalyst carrier plate will not be too large when it moves, thereby avoiding damage to the catalyst carrier plate caused by collision with the floating groove. At the same time, the shaking of the catalyst carrier plate can be made more stable. Since the rising force of the flue gas is spirally rising, the expansion and contraction state of the stabilizing spring is to expand and contract one by one around the circumference at this time, thereby avoiding the accumulation of catalyst in a certain place in the catalyst carrier plate and reducing the reaction efficiency.
[0025] Preferably, the inner ring of the stabilizing spring is provided with a jet piston; the lower end surface of the floating groove is provided with a plurality of jet slide grooves in a circumferential array; the bottom of the jet slide groove is provided with a jet port; the jet piston comprises a piston head and a piston rod; the piston head is slidably installed in the jet slide groove; the piston rod is movably connected to the piston head.
[0026] In the above scheme, when the catalyst carrier plate shakes, the stabilizing spring contracts, and the piston rod moves with the catalyst carrier plate, thereby pushing the piston head to slide in the paint chute, thereby realizing jetting, so that the dust particles on the inner wall of the tower body can be blown to the fixed ring position, and then introduced into the ash collecting trough by the gas ejected from the ash removal air hole.
[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0028] 1. Compared with the existing denitration tower, the present invention evenly opens a plurality of ammonia injection holes on the blade surface of the swirl plate. On the one hand, when the flue gas passes through the swirl plate blades, ammonia is continuously sprayed into the flue gas, thereby increasing the contact area between the flue gas and ammonia. In addition, the flue gas is forced to rotate under the restriction of the swirl plate blades. Under the action of the rotational motion, the ammonia sprayed through the ammonia injection holes rotates with the flue gas, thereby increasing the mixing time and mixing stroke of the flue gas and ammonia, and making the mixing more uniform under the rotational motion, thereby improving the denitration efficiency. On the other hand, the flue gas first passes through the dust removal mechanism for preliminary dust removal, and most of the dust particles are separated by centrifugal force. When the remaining dust particles in the flue gas are separated again by the swirl plate under the action of centrifugal force, the damage of the catalyst caused by the flue gas entering the catalyst layer is reduced, thereby ensuring the denitration efficiency.
[0029] 2. The present invention provides ash removal holes on the fixed ring of the swirl plate, and the center line of the ash removal holes is obliquely downward from the air guide cavity to the inner wall of the fixed ring, and the direction in which ammonia flows out of the ash removal holes is opposite to the swirl direction of the flue gas through the swirl plate, so that a shear flow is formed between the ejected ammonia and the flue gas. On the one hand, a vortex is formed on the contact surface of the two, thereby enhancing the mixing of the two and making the mixing effect more uniform. On the other hand, under this shear action, the dust originally adhered to the inner wall of the fixed ring will be separated and blown into the ash collecting trough, preventing the flue gas from driving the accumulated dust to rise into the catalyst layer, thereby ensuring the denitrification efficiency and the service life of the catalyst.
[0030] 3. The present invention designs the catalyst carrier plate as a movable structure so that the rising force of the flue gas can cause the catalyst carrier plate to shake, so that the gas and the catalyst particles in the catalyst carrier plate can be fully contacted, and the gas can be more evenly distributed on the catalyst surface, thereby improving the reaction rate and sufficiency, and avoiding the generation of gas channel effect, further improving the heat transfer effect in the bed layer, and at the same time, through the activity of the catalyst carrier plate, it can be avoided that the fine particles in the flue gas adhere to the catalyst carrier plate under long-term use, so that the catalyst carrier plate blocks the flue gas from effectively passing through, and at the same time, the shaking of the catalyst carrier plate makes the jet piston slide, and the dust particles on the inner wall of the tower body are sprayed, and the dust particles are gathered in the ash collecting trough in cooperation with the ash removal air holes, thereby ensuring the denitrification efficiency of the flue gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swirl plate of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the position of the dust removal holes and the internal structure of the blade of the present invention;
[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at center;
[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 2A magnified view of the structure at B in the middle;
[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at C in the middle;
[0039] Figure 8 The flow direction of the flue gas and ammonia mixed gas passing through the swirl plate and the flow direction of the ammonia gas flowing out of the ash removal holes;
[0040] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall flow direction of flue gas and ammonia in the tower body of the present invention;
[0041] In the figure: 1. flue gas channel; 2. ammonia channel; 3. tower body; 4. outflow channel; 5. dust removal mechanism; 51. separation space; 52. air outlet channel; 53. dust storage chamber; 6. mixed flow mechanism; 61. swirl plate; 611. fixed ring; 6111. air guide cavity; 6112. ash removal air hole; 6113. ash collecting trough; 612. blade; 6121. ammonia injection hole; 6122. air guide channel; 62. movable carrier; 621. floating trough; 6211. jet chute; 6212. jet port; 622. catalyst carrier plate; 6221. arc bottom surface; 623. balance seat; 624. stabilizing spring; 625. jet piston; 6251. piston head; 6252. piston rod; 7. catalyst layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0042] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0043] See also Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a cyclone plate type SCR denitrification tower, and the technical solution is as follows:
[0044] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2A cyclone plate type SCR denitration tower, comprising a flue gas channel 1, an ammonia channel 2, a tower body 3 and an outflow channel 4, and also comprising a dust removal mechanism 5, a mixing mechanism 6 and a catalyst layer 7; the dust removal mechanism 5 is arranged at the lower part of the tower body 3; the mixing mechanism 6 comprises a cyclone plate 61 and a movable carrier 62; a plurality of the cyclone plates 61 are equidistantly installed in the tower body 3; a plurality of the movable carriers 62 are arranged at intervals with the cyclone plates 61; the catalyst layer 7 is arranged in the movable carrier 62; the flue gas enters the dust removal mechanism 5 through the flue gas channel 1 to form a spiral flow and descend, and when it descends to the bottom of the dust removal mechanism 5, it moves upward, and the flue gas rises to the cyclone plate 61 When in use, swirl is performed under the guidance of the swirl plate 61, ammonia is introduced from the ammonia channel 2 and flows out from the surface of the swirl plate 61 to mix with the swirling flue gas, and the mixed flue gas and ammonia rise to the position of the movable carrier 62, causing the movable carrier 62 to shake and flow through the catalyst layer 7 in the movable carrier 62 to perform a denitration reaction. Due to the arrangement of multiple layers of swirl plates 61 and multiple layers of catalyst layers 7, the flue gas and ammonia will undergo a multi-stage reaction, and the nitrogen oxides will be completely reacted into nitrogen, and finally flow out from the outflow channel 4 to complete the denitration process; the movable carrier 62 will blow air to the inner wall of the tower body 3 during the shaking process, thereby settling the dust particles adhered to the inner wall of the tower body 3.
[0045] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 and Fig. 9 The dust removal mechanism 5 includes a separation space 51, an air outlet channel 52 and a dust storage chamber 53; the separation space 51 is arranged below the mixing mechanism 6, the upper part of the separation space 51 is a cylindrical structure, and the lower part is an inverted cone structure; the air outlet channel 52 is arranged above the separation space 51; the dust storage chamber 53 is arranged below the separation space 51; the flue gas channel 1 is tangentially connected to the separation space 51. The flue gas enters the separation space 51 at a tangential angle, forms a swirl flow under the action of the entry direction and the inner wall structure of the separation space 51, and forms a downward swirl flow under the action of the outer wall of the air outlet channel 52 and the inner wall of the separation space 51, so that the dust particles in the flue gas are separated by centrifugal force. When reaching the bottom of the separation space 51, the flue gas rises due to the negative pressure formed in the center of the flue gas, flows out through the air outlet channel 52, and flows to the position of the swirl plate 61, so as to perform preliminary dust removal on the flue gas, avoid the damage of the particulate matter in the flue gas to the activity of the catalyst, and improve the service life of the catalyst.
[0046] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The swirl plate 61 includes a fixed ring 611 and blades 612; the fixed ring 611 is connected to the tower body 3; a plurality of blades 612 are arranged in a circle on the inner ring of the fixed ring 611, and the blades 612 are installed at an oblique angle to the end face of the fixed ring 611, so that when the smoke flows through the blades 612, the pressure and flow rate in the local area change, causing the smoke to rotate. The rising smoke is swirled by the swirl plate 61, thereby increasing the mixing time and stroke of the smoke and ammonia to make the mixing more uniform. On the other hand, the centrifugal force of the smoke rotation can make the dust in the smoke be thrown to the outer circle, so that the smoke and dust particles are separated, and the dust particles are deposited at the fixed ring 611.
[0047] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 ; An air guide cavity 6111 is provided in the fixing ring 611; the air guide cavity 6111 is connected to the ammonia channel 2; ammonia injection holes 6121 are evenly provided on the blade 612, and an air guide channel 6122 is provided inside the blade 612. The ammonia injection holes 6121 are evenly arranged on the air guide channel 6122, and the ammonia injection holes 6121 can be set to a multi-pore state, so that the sprayed ammonia and flue gas are mixed more evenly; the air guide channel 6122 is connected to the air guide cavity 6111. By providing the ammonia injection holes 6121 on the surface of the blade 612, when the flue gas reaches the position of the swirl plate 61 and swirls through the surface of the blade 612, the ammonia can increase the contact area with the flue gas, quickly mix with the flue gas, and swirl with the flue gas at the same time to increase the uniformity of mixing, thereby ensuring the denitrification efficiency.
[0048] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Fig. 9 ; The inner wall of the fixed ring 611 is provided with a ash removal hole 6112; the ash removal hole 6112 is connected to the air guide cavity 6111, and the ash removal hole 6112 is an arc hole, and the arc direction is opposite to the swirl direction of the smoke passing through the swirl plate 61. After the smoke passes through the swirl plate 61, the smoke forms a swirl. At this time, the dust particles in the smoke are thrown on the inner wall of the fixed ring 611 under the action of centrifugal force. At this time, the ash removal hole 6112 is connected to the air guide cavity 6111 to discharge ammonia. Since the ash removal hole 6112 is an arc hole, the ammonia will form a flow direction opposite to the rotation direction of the smoke after being sprayed out, thereby forming a shear flow between the ammonia and the smoke. Under this flow mode, on the one hand, a vortex will be formed on the contact surface of the two, thereby enhancing the mixing of the two and making the mixing effect more uniform. On the other hand, under this shearing action, the dust originally adhered to the inner wall of the fixed ring 611 will be separated, and then settle under the action of gravity.
[0049] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 The center line of the dust removal hole 6112 extends obliquely downward from the air guide cavity 6111 to the inner wall of the fixing ring 611 ; an dust collecting groove 6113 is provided below the fixing ring 611 . The ash removal holes 6112 are inclined to guide the ammonia downward, so that the ammonia is in the opposite direction of the smoke rotation direction. At the same time, the smoke tends to be upward and the ammonia tends to be downward, which can further enhance the mixing trend of the two. The downward-flowing ammonia can be mixed with the smoke and then pass through the swirl plate 61 with the smoke again to swirl upward, thereby further enhancing the mixing effect. Moreover, since the smoke tends to be upward and the ammonia tends to be downward, the dust particles that have separated from the inner wall of the fixed ring 611 at this time will move downward under the drive of the ammonia, thereby causing the fixed ring 611 to enter the ash collecting trough 6113. In order to ensure the ash collecting effect of the ash collecting trough 6113, structures such as electrostatic adsorption can be installed in the ash collecting trough 6113, so that the dust entering the ash collecting trough 6113 can stay continuously to avoid being carried out of the ash collecting trough 6113 by the airflow.
[0050] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The movable carrier 62 includes a floating tank 621, a catalyst carrier plate 622 and a balance seat 623; the floating tank 621 is opened on the inner wall of the tower body 3; the catalyst carrier plate 622 is installed in the floating tank 621; the balance seat 623 is connected to the swirl plate 61. Under the action of the rising force of the flue gas, the catalyst carrier 622 can be shaken, so that the gas and the catalyst particles in the catalyst carrier 622 can be fully contacted, and the gas can be more evenly distributed on the catalyst surface, thereby improving the reaction rate and sufficiency; in the fixed bed reaction, the arrangement and shape of the catalyst particles may cause a gas channel effect, so that part of the catalyst cannot be fully utilized. The catalyst can be redistributed through the shaking effect, thereby reducing the impact of the gas channel effect and improving the overall reaction efficiency; and shaking the bed can improve the heat transfer in the bed, improve the reaction safety and reaction efficiency, while reducing the aggregation and pulverization of catalyst particles, extending the service life of the catalyst, saving costs and ensuring the stability of the reaction. At the same time, through the activity of the catalyst carrier 622, it can be avoided that fine particles in the flue gas adhere to the catalyst carrier 622 under long-term use, so that the catalyst carrier 622 blocks the flue gas and prevents it from passing effectively.
[0051] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 6The bottom of the catalyst carrier plate 622 is provided with an arc-shaped bottom surface 6221; the weight of the arc-shaped bottom surface 6221 is sufficient to make the center of gravity of the catalyst carrier plate 622 lower than the support surface. By lowering the center of gravity of the catalyst carrier plate 622 to be lower than the support surface and forming a tumbler structure through the arc-shaped bottom surface 6221, the catalyst carrier plate 622 can be shaken by the rising wind force, thereby achieving the purpose of more uniform contact between the gas and the catalyst, so that the catalyst can be fully utilized, and the reaction efficiency and reaction sufficiency are improved.
[0052] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 ; The volume ratio of the catalyst filled in the inner space of the catalyst carrier plate 622 to the inner space of the catalyst carrier plate 622 is less than 1; There are multiple stabilizing springs 624 arranged in a circumferential array between the catalyst carrier plate 622 and the floating groove 621. The catalyst in the catalyst carrier plate 622 does not completely fill the catalyst carrier plate 622, so that the catalyst can move in the catalyst carrier plate 622 when the catalyst carrier plate 622 shakes, thereby increasing the contact area with the gas and further achieving the purpose of full reaction. The catalyst carrier plate 622 and the floating groove 621 are connected by the stabilizing spring 624, so that the activity amplitude of the catalyst carrier plate 622 will not be too large when it moves, so as to avoid the collision between the catalyst carrier plate 622 and the floating groove 621 and damage, and at the same time, the shaking of the catalyst carrier plate 622 can be made more stable. Since the rising force of the flue gas is spiral rising, the expansion and contraction state of the stabilizing spring 624 is to expand and contract one by one around the circumference, so as to avoid the accumulation of catalyst at a certain place in the catalyst carrier plate 622 and reduce the reaction efficiency.
[0053] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 7The inner ring of the stabilizing spring 624 is provided with a jet piston 625; the lower end surface of the floating groove 621 is provided with a plurality of jet chutes 6211 in a circumferential array; the bottom of the jet chutes 6211 is provided with a jet port 6212; the jet piston 625 includes a piston head 6251 and a piston rod 6252; the piston head 6251 is slidably mounted in the jet chutes 6211, and the diameter of the jet chutes 6211 is larger than the diameter of the piston rod 6252; the piston rod 6252 is movably connected to the piston head 6251, and the catalyst carrier plate 622 will emit a jet when it shakes. The piston rod 6252 is deflected from the horizontal plane, thereby causing the piston rod 6252 to deflect. The piston rod 6252 and the piston head 6251 are set to be movably connected, so that when the piston rod 6252 is deflected, the piston head 6251 will not be deflected, and the piston head 6251 can only slide up and down. The sliding action of the piston head 6251 allows the jet port 6212 to spray downward, so that the dust particles adhered to the inner wall of the tower body 3 can be blown downward, and after reaching the position of the fixing ring 611, they enter the ash collecting trough 6113 under the action of the ash removal air hole 6112. When the catalyst carrier plate 622 shakes, the stabilizing spring 624 contracts, and the piston rod 6252 moves with the catalyst carrier plate 622, thereby pushing the piston head 6251 to slide in the paint chute, thereby realizing jetting, so that the dust particles on the inner wall of the tower body 3 can be blown to the position of the fixing ring 611, and then introduced into the ash collecting trough 6113 by the gas ejected from the ash removal air hole 6112.
[0054] Working principle: The flue gas enters the dust removal mechanism 5 and rotates and sinks. The dust particles are separated under the action of centrifugal force. The center of the flue gas forms an upward movement trend. When it rises to the position of the swirl plate 61, it rotates under the action of the swirl plate 61 to separate the dust particles again. Ammonia enters the swirl plate 61 through the ammonia channel 2 and is sprayed out from the ammonia injection hole 6121 on the surface of the blade 612. It is fully mixed with the swirling flue gas and rises together. The rising force of the flue gas and ammonia causes the catalyst carrier plate 622 to shake, prompting the catalyst to be rearranged to increase the contact area with the flue gas, thereby improving the adequacy and efficiency of the denitrification reaction.
[0055] Specifically, the smoke enters the separation space 51 from the smoke channel 1. Under the action of the tangential entry direction of the smoke channel 1 and the inner wall structure of the separation space 51, the smoke forms a downward vortex around the exhaust channel 52 to separate the dust particles in the smoke. When it reaches the lower part of the separation space 51, the dust particles in the smoke are thrown to the outer circle by the centrifugal force, resulting in the density of the inner circle being less than that of the outer circle. At this time, a negative pressure area is generated in the inner circle of the smoke, so that the smoke moves upward. When the smoke rises to the position of the vortex plate 61, the smoke swirls under the action of the vortex plate 61 structure. At this time, ammonia flows into the air guide cavity 6111 from the ammonia channel 2. , and flows from the air guide channel 6122 to the ammonia injection hole 6121. During the swirl process, the flue gas drives the ammonia injected from the ammonia injection hole 6121 to rotate together, so as to be fully mixed. During the swirl process, the residual dust particles in the flue gas are separated to the inner wall of the fixed ring 611 under the action of centrifugal force. At this time, part of the ammonia in the air guide cavity 6111 flows out from the ash removal hole 6112. Since the axial direction of the ash removal hole 6112 is opposite to the swirl direction of the flue gas, the ammonia flowing out of the ash removal hole 6112 moves in the opposite direction to the flue gas, thereby forming a shear motion. At this time, the mixing effect of ammonia and flue gas is The effect is further improved, and at the same time, the dust particles on the inner wall of the fixing ring 611 will be separated from the fixing ring 611, and because the axial direction of the dust removal hole 6112 points to the direction of the dust collecting groove 6113, the dust particles will enter the dust collecting groove 6113 at this time; the rising force of the mixed gas of flue gas and ammonia will push the catalyst carrier plate 622 to shake, and because the mixed gas of flue gas and ammonia rises in a spiral, and the catalyst carrier plate 622 forms a tumbler structure under the arc bottom surface 6221, the shaking of the catalyst carrier plate 622 is around a circle, so that the stabilizing springs 624 are extended and retracted one by one, and the horizontal plane is formed. Movement at a deflection angle will cause the catalyst layer 7 in the catalyst carrier 622 to be rearranged, thereby increasing the contact area with the flue gas and ammonia mixed gas, avoiding the gas channel effect, and further improving the denitrification effect of the flue gas; when the catalyst carrier 622 shakes, the piston rod 6252 will slide, thereby driving the piston head 6251 to slide vertically in the jet chute 6211, thereby jetting the inner wall of the tower body 3, so that the dust particles adhered to the inner wall of the tower body 3 will be blown to the position of the fixing ring 611, and enter the ash collecting trough 6113 under the action of the ammonia gas sprayed from the ash removal air hole 6112.
[0056] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected, and the scope of the present invention to be protected is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A cyclone plate type SCR denitration tower, comprising a flue gas channel (1), an ammonia channel (2), a tower body (3) and an outflow channel (4), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a dust removal mechanism (5), a flow mixing mechanism (6) and a catalyst layer (7); the dust removal mechanism (5) is arranged at the lower part of the tower body (3); the flow mixing mechanism (6) comprises a swirl plate (61) and a movable carrier (62); a plurality of swirl plates (61) are equidistantly installed in the tower body (3); a plurality of movable carriers (62) and the swirl plates (61) are staggeredly installed in the tower body (3); the catalyst layer (7) is arranged in the movable carrier (62); the flue gas enters the dust removal mechanism through the flue gas passage (1) A spiral flow is formed in the mechanism (5) and descends. When the flue gas descends to the bottom of the dust removal mechanism (5), it moves upward. When the flue gas rises to the position of the swirl plate (61), it swirls under the guidance of the swirl plate (61). Ammonia enters from the ammonia channel (2) and flows out from the surface of the swirl plate (61) to mix with the swirling flue gas. The mixed flue gas and ammonia rise to the position of the movable carrier (62), causing the movable carrier (62) to shake and flow through the catalyst layer (7) in the movable carrier (62) to flow out from the outflow channel (4).
2. A cyclone plate type SCR denitration tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal mechanism (5) comprises a separation space (51), an air outlet channel (52) and a dust storage chamber (53); the separation space (51) is arranged below the flow mixing mechanism (6); the air outlet channel (52) is arranged above the separation space (51); the dust storage chamber (53) is arranged below the separation space (51); and the smoke channel (1) is tangentially connected to the separation space (51).
3. A cyclone plate type SCR denitration tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swirl plate (61) comprises a fixing ring (611) and blades (612); the fixing ring (611) is connected to the tower body (3); a plurality of blades (612) are arranged circumferentially on the inner circle of the fixing ring (611), and the blades (612) are installed at an oblique angle.
4. A cyclone plate type SCR denitration tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air guide cavity (6111) is provided in the fixing ring (611); the air guide cavity (6111) is communicated with the ammonia channel (2); ammonia spray holes (6121) are evenly provided on the blade (612); an air guide channel (6122) is provided inside the blade (612); the air guide channel (6122) is communicated with the air guide cavity (6111).
5. The cyclone plate type SCR denitration tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: An ash removal hole (6112) is provided on the inner wall of the fixing ring (611); the ash removal hole (6112) is connected to the air guide cavity (6111), and the ash removal hole (6112) is an arc-shaped hole, and the direction of the arc is opposite to the swirl direction of the smoke passing through the swirl plate (61).
6. A cyclone plate type SCR denitration tower according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axis of the ash removal hole (6112) is directed obliquely downward along the air guide cavity (6111) toward the inner wall of the fixing ring (611); an ash collecting groove (6113) is provided below the fixing ring (611).
7. The cyclone plate type SCR denitration tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable carrier (62) comprises a floating groove (621), a catalyst carrier plate (622) and a balancing seat (623); the floating groove (621) is arranged on the inner wall of the tower body (3); the catalyst carrier plate (622) is installed in the floating groove (621); and the balancing seat (623) is connected to the cyclone plate (61).
8. The cyclone plate type SCR denitration tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the catalyst carrier plate (622) is provided with an arc-shaped bottom surface (6221); the weight of the arc-shaped bottom surface (6221) is sufficient to ensure that the overall center of gravity of the catalyst carrier plate (622) is lower than the upper end surface of the balance seat (623).
9. The cyclone plate type SCR denitration tower according to claim 8, characterized in that: The volume ratio of the catalyst filled in the internal space of the catalyst carrier plate (622) to the internal space of the catalyst carrier plate (622) is less than 1; and a plurality of stabilizing springs (624) are arranged in a circular array between the catalyst carrier plate (622) and the floating groove (621).
10. The cyclone plate type SCR denitration tower according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inner ring of the stabilizing spring (624) is provided with a jet piston (625); the lower end surface of the floating groove (621) is provided with a plurality of jet slide grooves (6211) in a circumferential array; the bottom of the jet slide groove (6211) is provided with a jet port (6212); the jet piston (625) comprises a piston head (6251) and a piston rod (6252); the piston head (6251) is slidably mounted in the jet slide groove (6211); the piston rod (6252) is movably connected to the piston head (6251).