Method for removing pollutants on surface of cleaning part through laser

Abstract

The invention provides a method for removing pollutants on the surface of a cleaning part by laser, which comprises the following steps of: uniformly mixing agar powder and nano powder by using a powder mixer to prepare mixed powder; dissolving the mixed powder in deionized water, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion treatment to prepare a mixed powder dispersion liquid; stirring the mixed powder dispersion liquid for the first time at a first preset temperature to completely dissolve the agar powder so as to prepare a mixed solution; stirring the mixed solution for the second time, and reducing the temperature of the mixed solution from the first preset temperature to a second preset temperature to prepare liquid gel; uniformly coating the surface of a to-be-cleaned part with the liquid gel so as to coat the surface of the to-be-cleaned part with a gel layer with a preset thickness; and the pollution layer of the to-be-cleaned part is cleaned through laser, and the gel layer is removed after cleaning is completed. The cleaning device has the technical effects that the design is reasonable, pollutants on the surface of the to-be-cleaned part can be effectively removed, and a base body can be well protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of laser cleaning of parts surfaces, and in particular relates to a method for removing pollutants on the surface of a cleaning part by laser. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of cleaning technology, laser cleaning technology has been widely used in the fields of cultural relics protection, aerospace, automobile manufacturing, and electronics industry due to its significant advantages of high-precision controllability, no damage, no pollution, easy automation, and a wide range of materials to be removed. Wet laser cleaning has advantages in reducing thermal damage to the substrate and improving cleaning efficiency, so it is of great research and application value.

[0003] Wet laser cleaning uses a liquid medium to coat the surface of an object during the cleaning process, and uses the explosive force generated by the evaporation of the liquid to remove pollutants or impurity layers. Therefore, wet laser cleaning has a good effect. At the same time, the presence of liquid provides a temperature buffer environment, which can effectively avoid high-temperature ablation of the substrate, especially heat-sensitive materials.

[0004] At present, the commonly used liquid media for wet laser cleaning include water, organic solvents and mixtures of the two. These commonly used liquid media have good fluidity. When coated on the surface of an object, a special liquid film laying structure needs to be designed to control the thickness and uniformity of the liquid layer, which increases the complexity of the process. It is also difficult to lay liquid films on the surfaces of structural special-shaped parts, reducing the application scope of the cleaning parts. At the same time, some liquid media are toxic and can cause pollution to users and the environment. Therefore, the liquid media need to be recovered and processed during use. In addition, if the liquid medium is used improperly, it will cause corrosion or other chemical damage to the workpiece, and there is a potential corrosion risk.

[0005] In view of this, the current application scope of wet laser cleaning is subject to certain restrictions. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provide a new technical solution for a method of removing pollutants on the surface of a cleaning piece by laser.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for removing contaminants from the surface of a cleaning piece by laser is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0008] A powder mixer is used to evenly mix agar powder and nano powder to prepare mixed powder;

[0009] Dissolving the mixed powder in deionized water and performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment to prepare a mixed powder dispersion;

[0010] At a first preset temperature, the mixed powder dispersion is stirred for the first time to completely dissolve the agar powder, so as to prepare a mixed solution; wherein the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is continuously performed during the first stirring process;

[0011] Stirring the mixed solution for a second time, while reducing the temperature of the mixed solution from the first preset temperature to the second preset temperature, so as to prepare a liquid gel; wherein the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is continuously performed during the second stirring;

[0012] Uniformly coating the liquid gel on the surface of the object to be cleaned to form a gel layer of a preset thickness on the surface of the object to be cleaned;

[0013] The contamination layer of the object to be cleaned is cleaned by laser, and the gel layer is removed after the cleaning is completed.

[0014] Optionally, the agar powder comprises agarose and agar-pectin.

[0015] Optionally, the mass ratio of the agarose to the agar pectin is (2-5):(5-10).

[0016] Optionally, the nanopowder is a particle with a nanometer particle size, and the material properties of the nanopowder are metal nanoparticles or ceramic nanoparticles;

[0017] The metal nanoparticles are at least one of Fe, Co, and Ni; and the ceramic nanoparticles are at least one of VO2 and SiO2.

[0018] Optionally, in the liquid gel, the mass fraction of the agar powder is 5%-10%, and the mass fraction of the metal nanoparticles or ceramic nanoparticles is 1%-5%.

[0019] Optionally, the first preset temperature is 80°C-100°C.

[0020] Optionally, the second preset temperature is 20°C-30°C.

[0021] Optionally, the preset thickness is 1mm-5mm.

[0022] Optionally, the stirring speed of the first stirring is 200 r / min-800 r / min.

[0023] Optionally, the stirring speed of the second stirring is 50 r / min-200 r / min.

[0024] A technical effect of the present invention is:

[0025] In the embodiment of the present invention, the laser method for removing pollutants from the surface of the cleaning part is reasonably designed. It evenly coats the surface of the part to be cleaned with liquid gel to form a gel layer of preset thickness on the surface of the part to be cleaned, that is, it uses a gel layer with nanoparticles to attach to the surface of the part to be cleaned. On the one hand, during laser cleaning, the distribution of nanoparticles can be used to adjust the laser energy reaching the surface of the part to be cleaned, avoiding the high temperature of the substrate and ablating the part to be cleaned to better protect the part to be cleaned; on the other hand, the gel layer can absorb the cleaned polluted layer to avoid polluting the environment and re-precipitation on the surface of the cleaning part, and can isolate the air to a certain extent to avoid oxidation of the metal substrate surface. In addition, the gel layer with agar has stable chemical properties and will not contaminate the substrate before and after cleaning. At the same time, the preparation process of the gel layer is highly controllable and has good operational flexibility.

[0026] Therefore, compared with traditional dry and wet laser cleaning, this laser method of removing contaminants on the surface of the cleaning parts has significant advantages in being green and environmentally friendly, protecting the cleaning parts, being simple to operate, and having flexible processes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a method for removing contaminants on the surface of a cleaning object by laser according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0029] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limitations on the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] The term "first" or "second" in the specification and claims of this application may include one or more of the features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally means that the objects connected before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0031] According to one aspect of the present invention, see Figure 1, provides a method for removing contaminants from the surface of a cleaning piece by laser, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step S100, using a powder mixer to evenly mix agar powder and nano powder to obtain mixed powder;

[0033] Step S200, dissolving the mixed powder in deionized water and performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment to obtain a mixed powder dispersion;

[0034] Step S300, stirring the mixed powder dispersion for the first time at a first preset temperature so that the agar powder is completely dissolved to prepare a mixed solution; wherein the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is continuously performed during the first stirring process;

[0035] Step S400, stirring the mixed solution for a second time, while reducing the temperature of the mixed solution from the first preset temperature to the second preset temperature, so as to prepare a liquid gel; wherein the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is continuously performed during the second stirring;

[0036] Step S500, uniformly coating the liquid gel on the surface of the object to be cleaned, so as to form a gel layer of a preset thickness on the surface of the object to be cleaned;

[0037] Step S600, using laser to clean the contaminated layer of the object to be cleaned, and removing the gel layer after cleaning.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present invention, the laser method for removing pollutants from the surface of the cleaning part is reasonably designed. It evenly coats the surface of the part to be cleaned with liquid gel to form a gel layer of preset thickness on the surface of the part to be cleaned, that is, it uses a gel layer with nanoparticles to attach to the surface of the part to be cleaned. On the one hand, during laser cleaning, the distribution of nanoparticles can be used to adjust the laser energy reaching the surface of the part to be cleaned, avoiding the high temperature of the substrate and ablating the part to be cleaned to better protect the part to be cleaned; on the other hand, the gel layer can absorb the cleaned polluted layer to avoid polluting the environment and re-precipitation on the surface of the cleaning part, and can isolate the air to a certain extent to avoid oxidation of the metal substrate surface. In addition, the gel layer with agar has stable chemical properties and will not contaminate the substrate before and after cleaning. At the same time, the preparation process of the gel layer is highly controllable and has good operational flexibility.

[0039] Therefore, compared with traditional dry and wet laser cleaning, this laser method of removing contaminants on the surface of the cleaning parts has significant advantages in being green and environmentally friendly, protecting the cleaning parts, being simple to operate, and having flexible processes.

[0040] Optionally, the agar powder includes agarose and agar pectin. The composition of the agar powder is relatively reasonable, so that the chemical structure of the agar powder is relatively stable, and the stability of the gel layer is better guaranteed. In addition, the polysaccharide molecules in the agar powder have good hydration ability, forming hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces in the solution, so that it can effectively absorb water and form a gel, can better isolate the air, and effectively prevent the clean metal substrate from being oxidized.

[0041] Optionally, the mass ratio of the agarose to the agar pectin is (2-5): (5-10). This helps to form a stable gel layer and better isolate the air, effectively preventing the clean metal substrate from being oxidized.

[0042] Optionally, the nanopowder is a particle with a nanometer particle size, and the material properties of the nanopowder are metal nanoparticles or ceramic nanoparticles;

[0043] The metal nanoparticles are at least one of Fe, Co, and Ni; and the ceramic nanoparticles are at least one of VO2 and SiO2.

[0044] In the above embodiment, during laser cleaning, the distribution of metal nanoparticles or ceramic nanoparticles can be fully utilized to adjust the laser energy reaching the surface of the workpiece to be cleaned, avoiding high temperature of the substrate and ablation of the workpiece to be cleaned, thereby better protecting the workpiece to be cleaned.

[0045] Optionally, in the liquid gel, the mass fraction of the agar powder is 5%-10%, and the mass fraction of the metal nanoparticles or ceramic nanoparticles is 1%-5%.

[0046] In the above-mentioned embodiment, a stable liquid gel can be formed to conveniently and quickly form a gel layer of preset thickness on the surface of the workpiece to be cleaned, thereby protecting the substrate from being ablated during the laser cleaning process; and the laser energy can be precisely adjusted through metal nanoparticles or ceramic nanoparticles, thereby further preventing the substrate from being ablated during the laser cleaning process.

[0047] Optionally, the first preset temperature is 80° C.-100° C. This helps to better ensure that the agar powder is completely dissolved.

[0048] Optionally, the second preset temperature is 20° C.-30° C. The second preset temperature is reasonably designed so that a liquid gel in a stable state can be prepared during the process of lowering the temperature of the mixed solution from the first preset temperature to the second preset temperature.

[0049] Optionally, the preset thickness is 1 mm to 5 mm. This can not only alleviate the ablation of the laser energy on the workpiece to be cleaned through the nanoparticles in the nanopowder and increase the control window of the process parameters, but also effectively cool the workpiece to be cleaned to ensure the laser cleaning effect.

[0050] Optionally, the stirring speed of the first stirring is 200 r / min-800 r / min, which helps to better ensure the uniformity of the mixed solution.

[0051] Optionally, the stirring speed of the second stirring is 50 r / min-200 r / min, which helps to better ensure the uniformity of the distribution of the nanoparticles in the liquid gel.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, the method of removing contaminants on the surface of the cleaning piece by laser has the following advantages:

[0053] First, since the size of the nanoparticles in the nanopowder is similar to the laser wavelength, the distribution of laser energy can be improved through Mie scattering, the uniformity of laser energy density distribution can be improved, and the ablation of the substrate caused by excessive local energy can be avoided. In addition, the nanoparticles of the nanoparticles can absorb laser energy, which can further increase the laser energy level range, alleviate the ablation of the laser energy on the parts to be cleaned, and increase the control window of the process parameters.

[0054] Secondly, the gel layer has high humidity, wettability and adsorption, which can cool the parts to be cleaned, and can adsorb the pollutants and evaporated gases cleaned away inside the gel layer, avoiding environmental pollution and affecting the health of operators, and protecting the clean surface of the parts to be cleaned. In addition, the gel layer has good density and stable chemical properties, which can protect the parts to be cleaned to a certain extent without contaminating them.

[0055] Thirdly, the preparation method of the gel layer is simple and flexible, and it is easy to coat on the surface of the parts to be cleaned without the need for special coating equipment. The thickness of the gel layer, the type of internal nanoparticle additives, and the amount of addition can be easily and conveniently controlled. The gel layer is easy to remove without leaving any residue, thereby better ensuring the cleaning effect on the surface of the parts to be cleaned.

[0056] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for removing contaminants from the surface of a cleaning object by laser, characterized in that: The steps include: A powder mixer is used to evenly mix agar powder and nano powder to prepare mixed powder; Dissolving the mixed powder in deionized water and performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment to prepare a mixed powder dispersion; At a first preset temperature, the mixed powder dispersion is stirred for the first time to completely dissolve the agar powder, so as to prepare a mixed solution; wherein the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is continuously performed during the first stirring process; Stirring the mixed solution for a second time, while reducing the temperature of the mixed solution from the first preset temperature to the second preset temperature, so as to prepare a liquid gel; wherein the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is continuously performed during the second stirring; Uniformly coating the liquid gel on the surface of the object to be cleaned to form a gel layer of a preset thickness on the surface of the object to be cleaned; The contamination layer of the object to be cleaned is cleaned by laser, and the gel layer is removed after the cleaning is completed.

2. The method for removing contaminants from the surface of a cleaning object by laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The agar powder includes agarose and agar pectin.

3. The method for removing contaminants from the surface of a cleaning object by laser according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the agarose to the agar pectin is 2-5:5-10.

4. The method for removing contaminants from the surface of a cleaning object by laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano powder is a particle with a particle size of nanometers, and the material properties of the nano powder are metal nano particles or ceramic nano particles; The metal nanoparticles are at least one of Fe, Co, and Ni; and the ceramic nanoparticles are at least one of VO2 and SiO2.

5. The method for removing contaminants from the surface of a cleaning object by laser according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the liquid gel, the mass fraction of the agar powder is 5%-10%, and the mass fraction of the metal nanoparticles or ceramic nanoparticles is 1%-5%.

6. The method for removing contaminants from the surface of a cleaning object by laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first preset temperature is 80°C-100°C.

7. The method for removing contaminants from the surface of a cleaning object by laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second preset temperature is 20°C-30°C.

8. The method for removing contaminants from the surface of a cleaning object by laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset thickness is 1mm-5mm.

9. The method for removing contaminants from the surface of a cleaning object by laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring speed of the first stirring is 200r / min-800r / min.

10. The method for removing contaminants from the surface of a cleaning object by laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring speed of the second stirring is 50r / min-200r / min.

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