A waste recycling equipment for NdFeB magnet production

Abstract

The present invention discloses a waste recycling device for the production of NdFeB magnets, which belongs to the field of solid waste recycling technology. The device comprises a fire oven, a filter screen arranged in the fire oven, a fire roasting assembly installed in the fire oven for roasting NdFeB magnets, a support and positioning assembly installed on the filter screen for supporting NdFeB magnets, a telescopic pressing assembly arranged above the NdFeB magnets, and a waste stripping assembly arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnets. The support and positioning assembly comprises a support cylinder seat, a threaded rod, a chassis, and a lower support and positioning rod. The opening of the support cylinder seat is upward and fixed to the center of the filter screen. The inner side of the support cylinder seat is threadedly connected to the lower end of the threaded rod. The upper end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the chassis. A plurality of lower support and positioning rods are evenly spaced along the circumference on the upper side of the chassis. The device of the present invention can timely strip off the demagnetized waste on the outside during the fire roasting demagnetization of the NdFeB magnets, thereby achieving rapid fire roasting demagnetization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and in particular relates to waste recycling equipment for the production of neodymium iron boron magnets. Background Art

[0002] NdFeB magnets are primarily composed of the rare earth metal neodymium and other rare earth elements. Global reserves of rare earth resources are limited and unevenly distributed. China is a relatively resource-rich country, but with the widespread use and increasing production of NdFeB magnets in recent years, the rate of rare earth resource extraction and depletion has accelerated. Recycling NdFeB magnets can effectively reduce reliance on new rare earth resources, alleviate the imbalance between supply and demand, and play a significant role in ensuring the sustainable utilization of rare earth resources. Currently, manual recycling of NdFeB magnet scrap requires first demagnetizing it by fire. This not only facilitates sorting and transportation but also removes impurities adsorbed on the surface of the NdFeB magnet scrap. The scrap can then be crushed and processed to produce new NdFeB magnets. When manually demagnetizing NdFeB magnet scrap by fire, since most of the NdFeB magnet scrap is magnetic, a large amount of NdFeB magnet scrap will be attracted together to form a mass, and the scrap will block the NdFeB magnet scrap inside, making it difficult to achieve the effect of rapid fire demagnetization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste recycling equipment for the production of NdFeB magnets, which can promptly peel off the demagnetized waste on the outside during the fire demagnetization process of NdFeB magnets to achieve rapid fire demagnetization.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention discloses a waste recycling device for NdFeB magnet production, comprising a fire oven, a filter screen arranged in the fire oven, a fire roasting assembly installed in the fire oven for roasting the NdFeB magnets, a support and positioning assembly installed on the filter screen for supporting the NdFeB magnets, a telescopic pressing assembly arranged above the NdFeB magnets, and a waste stripping assembly arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnets, wherein the support and positioning assembly comprises a support cylinder seat, a threaded insertion rod, a chassis and a lower support and positioning rod, the opening of the support cylinder seat is upward and fixed to the center of the filter screen, the inner side of the support cylinder seat is threadedly connected to the lower end of the threaded insertion rod, the upper end of the threaded insertion rod is fixedly connected to the chassis, and a plurality of lower support and positioning rods are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the upper side of the chassis, and the upper end of the lower support and positioning rod is used to support the NdFeB magnet; the waste stripping assembly comprises a scraper evenly arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnet along the circumference of the NdFeB magnet, and the scraper is connected to the top seat through an elastic connecting rod system.

[0006] Furthermore, the telescopic pressing assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, an output rod, a center rod, a top plate and an upper support positioning rod. The hydraulic cylinder is installed on the top outer side of the fire oven. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder slides vertically into the fire oven and is then connected to the output rod. The output rod is coaxially connected to the center rod. The center rod is connected to the top plate. A plurality of upper support positioning rods are evenly spaced circumferentially on the lower side of the top plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the elastic connecting rod system includes a knife seat, a lower abdominal rod, an upper abdominal rod, a tension spring, and a sliding sleeve. The scraper is installed on the knife seat. The knife seat is hinged to the lower end of the lower abdominal rod, and the upper end of the lower abdominal rod is hinged to the lower end of the upper abdominal rod. An inward angle is formed between the upper abdominal rod and the lower abdominal rod, and the upper end of the upper abdominal rod is hinged to the top seat; the lower abdominal rod is also connected to the sliding sleeve through a tension spring, and the top seat and the sliding sleeve are simultaneously rotatably installed on the outside of the center rod.

[0008] Furthermore, a limiting rod is installed on the lower abdominal rod, and the limiting rod is located on the inner side of the tension spring and extends along the axial direction of the tension spring.

[0009] Furthermore, a support rod is connected to the outer side of the top seat, and the support rod is connected to a vertical threaded rod. The vertical threaded rod passes through the fire oven along the vertical direction, and the vertical threaded rod is connected to the fire oven through a locking piece.

[0010] Furthermore, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the oven below the filter screen, and a conveyor belt for transporting waste is installed below the discharge port.

[0011] Furthermore, a turntable is rotatably installed at the top center of the fire oven, and the turntable is driven to rotate by a rotation drive assembly. The fire roasting assembly includes a fuel cylinder, a fuel pipe and a flamethrower. The fuel cylinder is also installed on the turntable, and the flamethrower is arranged on the outside of the neodymium iron boron magnet. The flamethrower is connected to the fuel cylinder through a fuel pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, a water cylinder and an air cooler are installed on the turntable at the same time. The water cylinder is connected to a water spray gun through a water pipe, and the air cooler is connected to an air jet gun through an air pipe. The water spray gun and the air jet gun are arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnet.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] The present invention discloses a waste recycling device for NdFeB magnet production. A waste stripping assembly is arranged on the outer side of the NdFeB magnet. When the telescopic pressing assembly presses the NdFeB magnet downward, the pressure can be transmitted to the chassis through the NdFeB magnet. The chassis drives the threaded rod to move downward. Under the cooperative connection of the thread, the threaded rod can rotate circumferentially while moving vertically, thereby driving the NdFeB magnet on the upper side to rotate together. The waste stripping assembly can strip off the demagnetized waste to prevent the waste on the outer side from blocking the NdFeB magnet waste on the inner side, causing the inner magnet to be unable to be demagnetized quickly.

[0015] In the recycling device disclosed in the present invention, three circumferentially evenly spaced lower support and positioning rods effectively support and position the NdFeB magnets without interfering with the scraper, ensuring smooth waste stripping. Furthermore, the present invention utilizes the coordination of the lower and upper support and positioning rods to achieve rotational and vertical displacement of the NdFeB magnets relative to the scraper, enabling omnidirectional waste stripping and more thorough waste stripping.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art to some extent, or those skilled in the art can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention provides the following drawings for illustration:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the recovery equipment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the recycling equipment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the recovery equipment;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waste stripping assembly;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support and positioning component;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0024] The markings in the accompanying drawings are as follows: fire oven 1, filter 2, fire baking assembly 3, support positioning assembly 4, waste stripping assembly 5, support cylinder seat 6, threaded rod 7, chassis 8, lower support positioning rod 9, scraper 10, top seat 11, hydraulic cylinder 12, output rod 13, center rod 14, top plate 15, upper support positioning rod 16, knife seat 17, lower abdominal rod 18, upper abdominal rod 19, tension spring 20, sliding sleeve 21, limit rod 22, support rod 23, vertical threaded rod 24, locking piece 25, turntable 26, rotation drive assembly 27, fuel cylinder 28, fuel pipe 29, flamethrower 30, water cylinder 31, air cylinder 32, water pipe 33, water spray gun 34, air pipe 35, jet gun 36. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention discloses a waste recycling device for the production of NdFeB magnets, comprising a fire oven 1, a filter 2 arranged in the fire oven 1, a fire roasting assembly 3 installed in the fire oven 1 for roasting the NdFeB magnets, a support and positioning assembly 4 installed on the filter 2 for supporting the NdFeB magnets, a telescopic pressing assembly arranged above the NdFeB magnets, and a waste stripping assembly 5 arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnets. The fire oven 1 is a square structure, and the filter 2 is a circular shape. The filter 2 is installed on the lower side of the interior of the fire oven 1 and can filter larger waste blocks so that the waste blocks can remain in the fire oven 1 until they are completely demagnetized and refined. The fire roasting assembly 3 can directly adopt a high-temperature baking structure to roast and demagnetize the magnets. The support and positioning assembly 4 is located at the bottom of the NdFeB magnets and is used to support the NdFeB magnets from the bottom so that they can be roasted and demagnetized in the middle of the fire oven 1. The telescopic pressing assembly is used to press the NdFeB magnet from top to bottom to prevent the NdFeB magnet from falling off the supporting positioning assembly 4.

[0026] Of course, the installation of the NdFeB magnets can be done manually at the initial stage of roasting, or directly by a robot, which can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0027] Specifically, the support and positioning assembly 4 disclosed in the present invention includes a support cylinder seat 6, a threaded rod 7, a base plate 8, and a lower support and positioning rod 9. The support cylinder seat 6 is straight and has internal threads, while the threaded rod 7 has corresponding internal threads on its outer side. Because the support cylinder seat 6 is relatively fixed, when the threaded rod 7 moves along the axial direction, it can also rotate simultaneously under the cooperation of the threads.

[0028] Among them, the opening of the support cylinder seat 6 is upward and fixed at the center of the filter screen 2, the inner side of the support cylinder seat 6 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the threaded rod 7, the upper end of the threaded rod 7 is fixedly connected to the chassis 8, and three lower support positioning rods 9 are evenly spaced along the circumference on the upper side of the chassis 8. The upper end of the lower support positioning rod 9 is used to support the NdFeB magnet; the waste stripping assembly 5 includes three scrapers 10 evenly arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnet along the circumference of the NdFeB magnet, and the scraper 10 is connected to the top seat 11 through an elastic connecting rod system.

[0029] When the device disclosed in the present invention is used, the telescopic pressing assembly is first started to compress it downward. When the telescopic pressing assembly presses the NdFeB magnet downward, the pressure can be transmitted to the chassis 8 through the NdFeB magnet. The chassis 8 drives the threaded rod 7 to move downward. Under the action of the threaded connection, the threaded rod 7 can rotate circumferentially while moving vertically, thereby driving the NdFeB magnet on the upper side to rotate together. The waste stripping assembly 5 can strip off the demagnetized waste to prevent the waste on the outside from blocking the NdFeB magnet waste on the inside, causing the inner magnet to be unable to demagnetize quickly.

[0030] In this embodiment, the telescopic clamping assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder 12, an output rod 13, a center rod 14, a top plate 15, and upper support and positioning rods 16. The hydraulic cylinder 12 is mounted on the top exterior of the oven 1. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 12 slides vertically into the oven 1 and then connects to the output rod 13, driving the output rod 13 for vertical displacement. The output rod 13 is coaxially connected to the center rod 14, which is connected to the top plate 15. Multiple upper support and positioning rods 16 are evenly spaced circumferentially along the underside of the top plate 15. The upper support and positioning rods 16 correspond to the lower support and positioning rods 9. The combination of these multiple positioning rods can position irregularly shaped magnets and reduce the risk of them falling off.

[0031] In this embodiment, the elastic connecting rod system includes a blade holder 17, a lower web 18, an upper web 19, a tension spring 20, and a sliding sleeve 21. The scraper 10 is mounted on the blade holder 17. The blade holder 17 is hinged to the lower end of the lower web 18, and the upper end of the lower web 18 is hinged to the lower end of the upper web 19. The upper and lower webs 19 form a claw-like structure with an inward angle, which can reduce wear caused by interference between the upper and lower webs 19 and the magnet. The upper end of the upper web 19 is hinged to the top seat 11; the lower web 18 is also connected to the sliding sleeve 21 via the tension spring 20. The top seat 11 and the sliding sleeve 21 are simultaneously rotatably mounted on the outside of the center rod 14. The tension spring 20 provides an inward elastic tension to the lower web 18, allowing the scraper 10 to maintain close contact with the magnet surface, thereby stripping the waste material from the magnet surface.

[0032] In this embodiment, a limiting rod 22 is installed on the lower abdominal rod 18. The limiting rod 22 is located on the inner side of the tension spring 20 and extends along the axial direction of the tension spring 20. By setting the limiting rod 22, the tension spring 20 can be guided during the deformation process. After the outer surface of the neodymium iron boron magnet is continuously peeled off, the scraper 10 is then fitted, making the bending direction of the lower abdominal rod 18 more stable.

[0033] In this embodiment, a support rod 23 is connected to the outside of the top seat 11, and a vertical threaded rod 24 is connected to the support rod 23. The vertical threaded rod 24 extends vertically from the oven 1 and is connected to the oven 1 via a locking member 25. During the initial recovery period, the depth of the vertical threaded rod 24 extending into the oven 1 can be changed, thereby adjusting the height of the top seat 11 to accommodate different scraper 10 positions.

[0034] In this embodiment, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the oven 1 below the filter 2, and a conveyor belt for transporting waste is installed below the discharge port, so that the waste can be transported out in time for easy recycling.

[0035] In this embodiment, a turntable 26 is rotatably mounted at the top center of the oven 1. The turntable 26 is driven to rotate by a rotation drive assembly 27. The roasting assembly 3 includes a fuel barrel 28, a fuel pipe 29, and a flamethrower 30. The fuel barrel 28 is also mounted on the turntable 26. The flamethrower 30 is disposed outside the NdFeB magnet and is connected to the fuel barrel 28 via the fuel pipe 29. By rotating the turntable 26, the flamethrower 30 can surround the NdFeB magnet and roast various locations around it, making the roasting more uniform and thorough.

[0036] In this embodiment, a water cylinder 31 and an air cooler 32 are simultaneously installed on the turntable 26. The water cylinder 31 is connected to a water spray gun 34 via a water pipe 33, and the air cooler 32 is connected to an air jet gun 36 via an air pipe 35. The water spray gun 34 and the air jet gun 36 are arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnet. Before demagnetizing the magnet, the present invention first freezes the magnet to put the internal structure of the NdFeB magnet in a relatively unstable state, and then heats it. The stress generated by thermal expansion is more likely to act on the parts that may have potential damage due to freezing, making the magnet more prone to crack expansion and even partial peeling. Compared with the case of simply heating without freezing pretreatment, it is possible to more easily suffer from more serious structural damage, and demagnetization can be achieved faster, thereby recovering waste. The ice water can accelerate the freezing of the NdFeB magnet and make it easier for cracks to appear on the surface of the NdFeB magnet.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste recycling equipment for NdFeB magnet production, characterized by: The invention comprises a fire oven, a filter screen arranged in the fire oven, a fire roasting assembly installed in the fire oven for roasting the NdFeB magnet, a support and positioning assembly installed on the filter screen for supporting the NdFeB magnet, a telescopic pressing assembly arranged above the NdFeB magnet, and a waste stripping assembly arranged outside the NdFeB magnet. The support and positioning assembly comprises a support cylinder seat, a threaded insert, a chassis and a lower support and positioning rod. The opening of the support cylinder seat is upward and fixed to the center of the filter screen. The inner screw thread of the support cylinder seat is fixed to the center of the filter screen. The thread is connected to the lower end of the threaded rod, the upper end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the chassis, and a plurality of lower support positioning rods are evenly spaced along the circumference of the upper side of the chassis, and the upper ends of the lower support positioning rods are used to support the NdFeB magnet; the waste stripping assembly includes a scraper evenly arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnet along the circumference of the NdFeB magnet, and the scraper is connected to the top seat through an elastic connecting rod system; the telescopic pressing assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, an output rod, a center rod, a top plate and an upper support positioning rod, the hydraulic The pressure cylinder is installed on the top outer side of the fire oven, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder slides vertically into the fire oven and is connected to the output rod, and the output rod is coaxially connected to the center rod, and the center rod is connected to a top plate, and a plurality of upper support positioning rods are evenly spaced along the circumference of the lower side of the top plate; the elastic connecting rod system includes a knife seat, a lower abdominal rod, an upper abdominal rod, a tension spring, and a sliding sleeve, and the scraper is installed on the knife seat, and the knife seat is hinged to the lower end of the lower abdominal rod, and the upper end of the lower abdominal rod is hinged to the lower end of the upper abdominal rod, and the upper abdominal rod is hinged to the lower end of the upper abdominal rod. An inward angle is formed between the upper and lower abdominal rods, and the upper end of the upper abdominal rod is hinged to the top seat; the lower abdominal rod is simultaneously connected to the sliding sleeve through a tension spring, and the top seat and the sliding sleeve are simultaneously rotatably installed on the outside of the central rod; a limiting rod is installed on the lower abdominal rod, and the limiting rod is located on the inner side of the tension spring and extends along the axial direction of the tension spring; a support rod is connected to the outer side of the top seat, and the support rod is connected to a vertical threaded rod, and the vertical threaded rod passes through the fire oven vertically, and the vertical threaded rod is connected to the fire oven by a locking piece.

2. The NdFeB magnet production waste recycling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge port is provided at the bottom of the oven below the filter screen, and a conveyor belt for transporting waste is installed below the discharge port.

3. The NdFeB magnet production waste recycling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A turntable is rotatably installed at the top center of the fire oven, and the turntable is driven to rotate by a rotation drive assembly. The fire roasting assembly includes a fuel cylinder, a fuel pipe and a flamethrower. The fuel cylinder is also installed on the turntable, and the flamethrower is arranged on the outside of the neodymium iron boron magnet. The flamethrower is connected to the fuel cylinder through a fuel pipe.

4. The NdFeB magnet production waste recycling equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water cylinder and an air cooler are installed on the turntable. The water cylinder is connected to a water spray gun through a water pipe, and the air cooler is connected to an air jet gun through an air pipe. The water spray gun and the air jet gun are arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnet.

Images