Medium-and-low-frequency-band nanofiber sound-absorbing material and sound-absorbing testing equipment thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sound-absorbing new material testing, and particularly discloses a medium-low-frequency-band nanofiber sound-absorbing material and sound-absorbing testing equipment thereof, and the sound-absorbing material comprises the following components: first polymer resin, dicumyl peroxide, second polymer resin and decahydronaphthalene. The sound absorption testing equipment comprises a vertical seat, a sealed cabin is fixedly arranged on the vertical seat, an installation part is fixedly arranged on the vertical seat, and a first detection part and a second detection part which are used for testing the middle-low frequency band nanofiber sound absorption material are fixedly arranged on the installation part. According to the sound absorption testing equipment for the low-medium-frequency-band nanofiber sound absorption material, permeability detection is carried out on the prepared nano sound absorption material, the permeation effect of the nano sound absorption material is detected, and pores in the nano sound absorption material are detected; the novel nanofiber sound-absorbing material is prepared in a melt-blowing and flash evaporation combined mode, the novel nanofiber sound-absorbing material is high in porosity and high in sound-absorbing rate for low-and-medium-frequency noise, the fiber diameter is smaller, and the sound-absorbing rate is larger than 0.8.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of new sound-absorbing material testing, in particular to a medium- and low-frequency nanofiber sound-absorbing material and a sound-absorbing testing device thereof. Background Art

[0002] So far, porous fibers and foam materials such as PP, PET, polyurethane and glass fiber are the most widely used sound-absorbing materials. Since most of the above materials are at the micron level, nano-level fibers below 1 micron have few application scenarios, and their application effects and sound absorption and sound insulation capabilities are also limited.

[0003] In addition, according to the analytical results based on Biot theory, in order to effectively absorb sound waves in various frequency bands, the size and complexity of the holes in the porous structure of the sound-absorbing material, as well as the distance between the holes are very important indicators.

[0004] In the prior art, as disclosed in the application number: CN202122733408.8, the name is: A waterproof and oil-proof permeability testing device for nanofiber composite filter materials, wherein a lifting box is fixedly connected to the top of the adjusting seat and located between the two limit shells, the inner cavity of the lifting box is provided with a lifting block, the top of the lifting block is fixedly connected with a spring, both sides of the lifting block are movably connected with connecting frames, the opposite sides of the two connecting frames are movably connected with moving plates, the opposite sides of the two moving plates are fixedly connected with blocks, the opposite sides of the two blocks pass through the outside of the lifting box, the bottom of the lifting block is fixedly connected with a fixed box, the bottom of the fixed box passes through the inner cavity of the adjusting seat, the inner cavity of the fixed box is provided with a lifting frame, the bottom of the lifting frame passes through the fixed box and is fixedly connected to the lifting shell.

[0005] However, in the prior art, sound-absorbing materials need to be tested for sound absorption effect and the sound absorption rate of the prepared materials needs to be tested. However, the test device mentioned in the application number: CN202122733408.8 cannot effectively test the sound absorption effect of the nanofiber sound-absorbing material. Therefore, it is necessary to design a medium and low frequency nanofiber sound-absorbing material and its sound absorption test equipment. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a medium and low frequency nanofiber sound absorbing material and a sound absorption testing device thereof to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A medium and low frequency band nanofiber sound-absorbing material comprises the following components: a first polymer resin, diisopropylamine peroxide, a second polymer resin and decahydronaphthalene.

[0009] Diisopropylamine peroxide is added to a first polymer resin to prepare a first spinning solution, so that the dynamic viscosity of the first spinning solution at 300 degrees Celsius is less than 50 Pa·s, and the first spinning solution is melt-blown by a melt-blowing device to obtain a first polymer fiber.

[0010] Decalin is added to the second polymer resin to prepare a second spinning solution, so that the dynamic viscosity of the second spinning solution is 10-150 mPa·s at 140 degrees Celsius, and the second spinning solution is flash-evaporated by a flash evaporation device to obtain a second polymer fiber.

[0011] Under the traction of a fan, the first polymer fiber and the second polymer fiber are mixed evenly by using a plurality of air nozzles to obtain a medium and low frequency band nanofiber sound absorbing material.

[0012] A sound absorption testing device for medium and low frequency nanofiber sound absorbing materials comprises a stand, a sealed cabin is fixedly arranged on the stand, a mounting piece is fixedly arranged on the stand, and a detection piece 1 and a detection piece 2 for testing medium and low frequency nanofiber sound absorbing materials are fixedly arranged on the mounting piece.

[0013] Furthermore, two vertical blocks are fixed on the stand, a guide rod is fixed between the two vertical blocks, a tooling seat for fixing medium and low frequency nanofiber sound-absorbing materials is slidably provided on the guide rod, a guide rail is fixed on the side of the guide rod, a driving groove is provided on the guide rod, a worm is rotatably provided in the driving groove, and a motor for driving is fixedly connected to one end of the worm.

[0014] Furthermore, a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the stand and located on one side of the guide rod, and shaft rod one and shaft rod two are rotatably provided on the mounting frame, shaft rod one and shaft rod two are connected by a belt for transmission, motor two is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, the output end of motor two is connected to shaft rod two, gear one is fixedly provided on shaft rod one, and gear two is fixedly provided on shaft rod two.

[0015] The shaft rod 2 is rotatably provided with a gear 3, the gear 3 cooperates with the gear 1, an intelligent scale is fixedly installed on the stand, a water collecting tank is fixedly provided on the intelligent scale, and a decibel meter is fixedly provided on the water collecting tank.

[0016] Furthermore, the tooling seat includes a moving tube, which is slidably connected to the guide rail, a rack is fixedly provided in the moving tube, the rack cooperates with a worm, an arc plate is fixedly connected to the moving tube, an arc groove is provided on the arc plate, and an anti-sliding block is provided in the arc groove.

[0017] A connecting frame for mounting the remaining arc plates is fixedly provided on one side of the moving tube, a U-shaped groove is provided on the arc plate, symmetrically distributed clamping jaws are rotatably provided in the U-shaped groove, a through groove is provided on the clamping jaw, a sliding groove is provided in the through groove, and a slider is provided in the sliding groove for sliding movement.

[0018] A connecting rod is rotatably provided on the slider, a bidirectional lead screw is rotatably provided in the U-shaped groove, the bidirectional lead screw is threadedly connected to the connecting rod, a motor three is fixedly connected to one end of the moving tube, and an output end of the motor three is connected to the bidirectional lead screw.

[0019] Furthermore, the sealed cabin includes arc cover 1 and arc cover 2, arc cover 1 is fixedly connected to one side of arc plate 1, a matching groove is provided on the outer side of arc plate 1, arc plate 1 is rotatably connected to the guide rod, arc plate 2 is slidably provided on the matching groove, arc plate 2 is coaxially arranged with the arc plate, and gear rings are fixedly connected to the outer sides of arc plate 1 and arc plate 2, and the two gear rings are respectively matched with gear 3 and gear 2.

[0020] Furthermore, the mounting part includes a motor frame, to which motor four is fixedly connected, a rotating rod is fixedly connected to the output end of motor four, a limiting ring is fixedly connected to the rotating rod, a guide column is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating rod, a right-angle block is fixedly connected to one side of the motor frame, a top plate is fixedly connected to the rotating rod, and mounting plates are fixedly connected to both ends of the top plate.

[0021] A lifting plate is slidably provided on the rotating rod, the lifting plate is clamped with the guide column, a spring is fixedly connected to one side of the lifting plate, the spring is connected to the motor frame, a positioning ring is fixedly provided at one end of the lifting plate, a positioning cover is slidably provided on the positioning ring, and the positioning cover is coaxially arranged with the sealing cabin.

[0022] Furthermore, a movable groove is provided on the lifting plate, a movable block is slidably provided in the movable groove, a rack 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the movable block, a worm 2 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the lifting plate, and a motor 5 for driving is fixedly connected to one end of the worm 2.

[0023] The second worm gear cooperates with the second rack, a support block is fixedly connected below the moving block, one end of the support block is provided with an inclined surface, and the other end is provided with a limiting inclined groove, one side of the positioning cover is provided with a fixed groove, the fixed groove cooperates with the inclined surface, and the right-angle block cooperates with the limiting inclined groove.

[0024] Furthermore, the detection component 1 includes a water storage tank, a water outlet pipe distributed in an array is fixedly provided at the bottom of the water storage tank, a central axis is rotatably provided in the water storage tank, a plurality of side rods are fixedly connected to the central axis, a mounting rod is slidably provided on the side rod, a sealing block is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting rod, and a piston plate is abutted at the other end.

[0025] The sealing block is fixedly connected with a spring 2, one end of which is connected to the side rod, the piston plate is slidably arranged on the central axis, a plurality of inclined plane blocks are fixedly arranged in the water storage tank, the sealing block cooperates with the inclined plane blocks, an annular groove is fixedly arranged on the water storage tank, and the piston plate is slidably located in the annular groove.

[0026] A water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the annular groove, a top frame is fixedly provided on the top of the annular groove, a motor six for connecting to the driving central axis is fixedly provided on the top of the top frame, the top frame and the piston plate are connected by spring three, a plurality of water outlet pipes are fixed on a mounting plate, and a cylinder is fixedly provided on another mounting plate.

[0027] Furthermore, the second detection component includes a rectangular cover, which is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder. Vertical grooves are symmetrically arranged in the rectangular cover, and a spring four is fixedly arranged in the vertical groove. A movable shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the spring four, and round blocks are fixedly connected to both ends of the movable shaft. A connecting shaft is fixedly connected in the rectangular cover, and two rocker arms are rotatably arranged on the connecting shaft.

[0028] The swing rod is provided with a straight groove, which is slidably connected to the movable shaft. One end of the swing rod is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft, and the other end is fixed with a steel ball. The rectangular cover is fixed with symmetrically distributed steel sheets, and a motor seven is fixed in the rectangular cover. A cam is fixed at one end of the motor seven, and the cam is slidably connected to the two round blocks.

[0029] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0030] 1. The sound absorption test equipment of the low-frequency band nanofiber sound-absorbing material of the present invention uses the detection piece 1 and the detection piece 2 to perform permeability detection on the prepared nano sound-absorbing material, detect the penetration effect of the nano sound-absorbing material, detect the pores in the nano sound-absorbing material, and also can test the noise absorption effect of the nano sound-absorbing material, detect the effect of the prepared material on absorbing noise, and test the performance of the new nano sound-absorbing material;

[0031] 2. The medium and low frequency nanofiber sound-absorbing material of the present invention is prepared by a combination of melt-blowing and flash evaporation. The nanofiber sound-absorbing new material has a high porosity, a high sound absorption rate for medium and low frequency noise, a finer fiber diameter, and a sound absorption rate greater than 0.8. The quality of the nanofiber sound-absorbing new material is better than that of the prior art materials, and the preparation method is simple and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the stand structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the stand of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tooling seat of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 4 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealed cabin of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting member of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 7 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting member of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting member of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of a detection member of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second detection component of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the detection element 2 of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.14 is a diagram of a system for preparing the sound absorbing material of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.15 is a degree distribution diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.16 is a graph of the sound absorption rate of the fiber assembly of Example 1 of the present invention at 0-5000 Hz;

[0049] Fig.17 is a graph of the sound absorption rate of the fiber assembly of Example 1 of the present invention at 0-1000 Hz;

[0050] Fig.18 is a graph of the sound insulation capability of the fiber assembly of Example 1 of the present invention at 0-5000 Hz;

[0051] Fig.19 is a degree distribution diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig. 20 is a graph of the sound absorption rate of the fiber assembly of Example 2 of the present invention at 0-5000 Hz;

[0053] Fig.21 is a graph of the sound absorption rate of the fiber assembly of Example 2 of the present invention at 0-1000 Hz;

[0054] Fig. 22 is a graph of the sound insulation capability of the fiber assembly of Example 2 of the present invention at 0-5000 Hz;

[0055] Fig.23 is a degree distribution diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.24is a graph of the sound absorption rate of the fiber assembly of Example 3 of the present invention at 0-5000 Hz;

[0057] Fig.25 is a graph of the sound absorption rate of the fiber assembly of Example 3 of the present invention at 0-1000 Hz;

[0058] Fig.26 This is a graph of the sound insulation capability of the fiber assembly of Example 3 of the present invention at 0-5000 Hz. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] A sound absorption test device for medium and low frequency band nanofiber sound absorbing materials is a sound absorption test device characterized by measuring the permeability of new nano sound absorbing materials, and the IPC classification number is: G01N15 / 08.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the sound absorption test equipment includes a stand 1, on which a sealed cabin 2 is fixedly mounted, on which a mounting member 3 is fixedly mounted, on which a detection member 1 4 and a detection member 2 5 are fixedly mounted, which are respectively used to test medium and low frequency band nanofiber sound absorption material panels and detect the permeability of new nano sound absorption materials.

[0062] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, two vertical blocks 11 are fixedly mounted on the stand 1, a guide rod 12 is fixedly arranged between the two vertical blocks 11, a guide rail is fixedly arranged on the side of the guide rod 12, a driving groove 13 is opened on the guide rod 12, a worm 131 is rotatably arranged in the driving groove 13, a motor 130 is fixedly mounted on one of the vertical blocks 11, an output end of the motor 130 is fixedly connected to one end of the worm 131, and a mounting frame 14 is fixedly connected on the stand 1 and on one side of the guide rod 12.

[0063] A shaft rod 141 and a shaft rod 2 142 are rotatably provided on the mounting frame 14, and the shaft rod 141 and the shaft rod 2 142 are connected by a belt 18, and the belt 18 controls the shaft rod 141 and the shaft rod 2 142 to rotate synchronously in the same direction, and a motor 2 140 is fixedly installed on the mounting frame 14, and the output end of the motor 2 140 is fixedly connected to one end of the shaft rod 2 142, a gear 15 is fixedly provided on the shaft rod 141, a gear 2 16 is fixedly provided on the shaft rod 2 142, and a gear 3 17 is rotatably provided on the shaft rod 2 142.

[0064] Gear three 17 has the same size and module as gear two 16 and gear one 15, and gear three 17 rotates in meshing engagement with gear one 15. A water collecting tank 10 is fixedly provided on the stand 1, and the water collecting tank 10 is used to collect water that penetrates from the fiber sound-absorbing material. A smart scale is fixedly installed on the stand 1, and the smart scale is located below the water collecting tank 10, and is used to monitor the weight of the water collecting tank 10. A decibel meter is fixedly provided on the water collecting tank 10, which is not shown in the figure and is used to measure noise decibels.

[0065] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a tooling seat 6 is slidably provided on the guide rod 12, and the tooling seat 6 includes a moving tube 61, which is slidably connected to the guide rail, and a rack 63 is fixedly provided in the moving tube 61, and the rack 63 cooperates with a worm 131, and the tooling seat 6 is driven to slide on the guide rod 12 through the worm 131, and an arc plate 64 is fixedly installed on the moving tube 61, and an arc groove 65 is opened on the arc plate 64 for fixing the circular plate of the new fiber sound-absorbing material.

[0066] An anti-sliding block 66 is provided in the arc groove 65, a connecting frame 62 is fixedly provided on one side of the moving tube 61, and the connecting frame 62 is fixedly connected to another arc plate 64, and is used to install a plurality of fiber sound-absorbing new material circular plates to be tested, so as to increase the sound-absorbing effect of the fiber sound-absorbing new material circular plates of different thicknesses. A U-shaped groove 67 is provided on the arc plate 64, and symmetrically distributed clamping claws 68 are rotatably provided in the U-shaped groove 67, and are used to clamp and fix the fiber sound-absorbing new material circular plates.

[0067] A through groove 681 is provided on the clamping jaw 68, a slide groove 682 is provided in the through groove 681, a slider 683 is slidably provided in the slide groove 682, a connecting rod 684 is rotatably provided on the slider 683, a bidirectional lead screw 685 is rotatably provided in the moving tube 61, the bidirectional lead screw 685 is located in the U-shaped groove 67, the bidirectional lead screw 685 is threadedly connected to the connecting rod 684, a motor three 60 is fixedly installed at one end of the moving tube 61, and the output end of the motor three 60 is fixedly connected to one end of the bidirectional lead screw 685.

[0068] Start the motor 3 60 to drive the two connecting rods 684 to move toward each other through the bidirectional lead screw 685. The connecting rod 684 slides in the slide groove 682 to control the two clamping claws 68 to rotate to clamp and fix the fiber sound-absorbing circular plate in the arc groove 65.

[0069] like Figure 6 As shown, the sealed cabin 2 includes an arc cover 1 21 and an arc cover 22. After the arc cover 1 21 and the arc cover 22 are rotated to coaxially abut against each other, a sealed cabin 2 wrapped with a fiber sound-absorbing circular plate is formed. An arc plate 1 23 is fixedly provided on one side of the arc cover 1 21. A matching groove 24 is provided on the outer side of the arc plate 1 23. The arc plate 1 23 is rotatably connected to the guide rod 12. An arc plate 25 is slidably provided on the matching groove 24. The arc plate 25 is coaxially arranged with the arc plate 1 23.

[0070] A gear ring 26 is fixedly disposed on the outer side of arc plate 1 23 and arc plate 2 25. Arc plate 2 25 meshes with gear 3 17 through the gear ring 26. Arc plate 1 23 meshes with gear 2 16 through the gear ring 26. Gear 3 17 and gear 2 16 rotate in opposite directions to achieve the direction or reverse rotation of arc cover 1 21 and arc cover 2 22.

[0071] like Figure 7-10 As shown, the mounting member 3 includes a motor frame 31, on which a motor 30 is fixedly mounted, a rotating rod 33 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 30, a limiting ring 331 is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod 33, a guide column 34 is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating rod 33, a right-angle block 35 is fixedly mounted on one side of the motor frame 31, a top plate 32 is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod 33, and mounting plates 38 are fixedly connected to both ends of the top plate 32.

[0072] A lifting plate 36 is slidably provided on the rotating rod 33, and the lifting plate 36 is clamped with the guide column 34 to limit the rotation of the rotating rod 33. A spring 368 is fixedly installed on one side of the lifting plate 36, and the spring 368 is fixedly connected to the motor frame 31. A positioning ring 361 is fixedly provided at one end of the lifting plate 36, and a positioning cover 362 is slidably provided on the positioning ring 361. The positioning cover 362 is coaxially arranged at the upper end of the sealed cabin 2.

[0073] A moving groove 363 is provided on the lifting plate 36, and a moving block 365 is slidably provided in the moving groove 363. A rack 2 366 is fixedly provided on one side of the moving block 365. A worm 2 364 is fixedly installed below the lifting plate 36. One end of the worm 2 364 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 5. The worm 2 364 cooperates with the rack 2 366. A support block 367 is fixedly installed below the moving block 365. One end of the support block 367 is provided with an inclined surface, and the other end is provided with a limited inclined groove 37.

[0074] A fixing groove 369 is provided on one side of the positioning cover 362, and the fixing groove 369 cooperates with the inclined surface. The support block 367 can press down and fix the positioning cover 362, so that the positioning cover 362 is pressed against the upper end of the sealed cabin 2. The inclined edge on the right-angle block 35 cooperates with the limiting inclined groove 37, and the support block 367 slides to the top of the right-angle block 35. At this time, the lifting plate 36 is clamped with the guide column 34.

[0075] like Fig.11 As shown, the detection component 4 includes a water storage tank 41, and an array of water outlet pipes 42 are fixedly provided at the bottom of the water storage tank 41. The water outlet pipes 42 are used to drip water onto the new fiber sound-absorbing material. After the water penetrates the material, it is collected by the water collecting tank 10. A central axis 40 is rotatably provided in the water storage tank 41, and a plurality of side rods 46 are fixedly installed on the central axis 40. A mounting rod 44 is slidably provided on the side rod 46. One end of the mounting rod 44 is fixedly connected to a sealing block 43, and the other end is provided with a piston plate 47.

[0076] A spring 2 45 is fixedly connected to the sealing block 43, one end of the spring 2 45 is fixedly connected to the side rod 46, a piston plate 47 is slidably mounted on the central axis 40, a ramp block 441 is fixedly provided in the water storage tank 41 and between the two water outlet pipes 42, the sealing block 43 slides along the surface of the ramp block 441, and the sealing block 43 can move upward, and the sealing block 43 is located between the two ramp blocks 441, and can seal the water outlet pipe 42 to prevent water from flowing out.

[0077] An annular groove 49 is fixedly provided on the water storage tank 41, and the piston plate 47 seals the annular groove 49. An inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer side of the annular groove 49. The piston plate 47 moves upward to connect the annular groove 49 with the water storage tank 41, and water is supplied to the water storage tank 41. A top frame 402 is fixedly provided on the top of the annular groove 49, and a motor 6 401 is fixedly provided on the top of the top frame 402. The output end of the motor 6 401 is connected to one end of the central shaft 40. The top frame 402 and the piston plate 47 are fixedly connected by a spring 3 48. The spring 3 48 controls the piston plate 47 to abut against the top of the mounting rod 44.

[0078] like Fig.12 , Fig.13 As shown, a plurality of water outlet pipes 42 are fixed on a mounting plate 38, a cylinder 39 is fixedly arranged on another mounting plate 38, a detection member 5 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the cylinder 39, and the detection member 5 comprises a rectangular cover 51, in which symmetrically distributed vertical grooves 52 are opened, a spring 53 is fixedly arranged in the vertical groove 52, one end of the spring 53 is fixedly connected to a moving shaft 54, and round blocks 55 are fixedly arranged at both ends of the moving shaft 54.

[0079] A connecting shaft 511 is fixedly provided in the rectangular cover 51, and two rocker arms 56 are rotatably provided on the connecting shaft 511. A straight groove 57 is provided on the rocker arms 56, and the straight groove 57 is slidably connected to the movable shaft 54. One end of the rocker arms 56 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 511, and a steel ball 58 is fixedly provided on the other end. Symmetrically distributed steel sheets 59 are fixedly connected to the rectangular cover 51, and the steel balls 58 move until they collide with the steel sheets 59 to generate noise.

[0080] A motor 501 is fixedly installed in the rectangular cover 51, and one end of the motor 501 is fixedly connected to a cam 50. The cam 50 abuts against the round blocks 55 at the ends of the two movable shafts 54. The movable shaft 54 ​​is controlled to move downward by the cam 50, so that the steel ball 58 detects the nanofiber material. The spring four 53 pushes the movable shaft 54 ​​upward to control the pendulum rod 56 to rotate upward and collide with the steel sheet 59 to generate noise. The noise penetrates through the nanofiber sound-absorbing material and is detected by the decibel meter to test the sound insulation effect of the nanofiber sound-absorbing material.

[0081] Here’s how it works:

[0082] After the nanofiber material is prepared, the nanofiber material is made into the required nanofiber sound-absorbing material board. After opening the sealed cabin 2, the nanofiber sound-absorbing material board is placed on the tooling seat 6, and then the sealed cabin 2 is closed, and the worm gear 364 is driven to move the rack gear 366 to move the support block 367 from the right-angle block 35, so that the support block 367 moves toward the positioning cover 362 until the inclined surface cooperates with the fixing groove 369 to fix the positioning cover 362 to lock the positioning cover 362.

[0083] Then the motor 4 30 controls the rotating rod 33 to rotate, moves the detection part 2 5 to above the positioning ring 361, and the cylinder 39 moves the rectangular cover 51 into the sealed cabin 2, performs noise test and impact test on the new nanofiber material, and detects the noise permeability of the material.

[0084] Then switch the detection part 4, move the detection part 4 to the positioning ring 361, start the motor 6 401, and control the water outlet pipe 42 to intermittently drip water onto the material. After the water passes through the material, it is collected by the water collecting box 10 to detect the water permeability of the new nanofiber material.

[0085] A medium and low frequency band nanofiber sound-absorbing material comprises the following components: a first polymer resin, diisopropylamine peroxide, a second polymer resin and decahydronaphthalene.

[0086] like Fig.14 As shown, the system for preparing medium and low frequency band nanofiber sound-absorbing materials includes: a melt-blowing device 9, a flash evaporation device 91, a plurality of air nozzles 92, a fan 94 and a cord fabric 93; the melt-blowing device 9 is used to perform melt-blowing treatment on the first spinning solution to obtain a first polymer fiber; the flash evaporation device 91 is used to perform flash evaporation treatment on the second spinning solution to obtain a second polymer fiber; the plurality of air nozzles 92 are used to mix the first polymer fiber and the second polymer fiber; at least one air nozzle 92 is provided at the outlet of the melt-blowing device 9; at least one air nozzle 92 is provided at the outlet of the flash evaporation device 91; the fan 94 is used to pull the first polymer fiber and the second polymer fiber, and pull the first polymer fiber and the second polymer fiber to the cord fabric 93 to obtain medium and low frequency band sound-absorbing functional nanofibers.

[0087] When the average fiber diameter of the fibers produced by flash spraying and having a normal fiber diameter distribution of 5-8 μm is adjusted to an apparent density below 0.05 g / cm3 (porosity = 1-(apparent density / material density)), the fiber assembly will have the following performance parameters:

[0088] Porosity: >95%;

[0089] Lost degree: 1-1.4;

[0090] Sound absorption rate of 200-400Hz: ≥50%;

[0091] Sound absorption rate of 400-800Hz: ≥90%;

[0092] 800-5000Hz sound absorption rate: ≥95%;

[0093] (Note: The frequency range of rail transit (tire noise) tire noise → 500-2000Hz)

[0094] (Note: High-end equipment (machine) frequency range → 200 and above)

[0095] Longitudinal elastic modulus: >10KPa;

[0096] Average fiber diameter: 5-8 microns;

[0097] Fiber diameter distribution: normal distribution;

[0098] Coefficient of variation: 45%-65%;

[0099] Average sound absorption rate above 400Hz: ≥0.8;

[0100] Fluid resistance: >10000Ns / m^4.

[0101] The parameters of the flash evaporation device 91 are adjusted so that the average fiber diameter of the first polymer fiber is normally distributed.

[0102] The average fiber diameter of the flash-blown fibers is 500 nm to 1 μm and has a normal fiber diameter distribution. The apparent density is adjusted to 0.15 to 0.2 g / cm 3 When the fiber assembly has the following performance parameters, porosity: 80%-85%;

[0103] 200-500Hz sound insulation: 60dB;

[0104] 1000-5000Hz sound insulation: 40dB;

[0105] Longitudinal elastic modulus: >300KPa;

[0106] Average fiber diameter: 0.8 μm;

[0107] Fiber diameter distribution: close to normal distribution;

[0108] Fluid resistance:>7000000Ns / m^4.

[0109] If the material used is a corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant polymer material, the fiber assembly will also have the following properties:

[0110] Acid and alkali resistant, organic solvent resistant;

[0111] Water absorption: strong hydrophobicity;

[0112] Antibacterial effect: JIS1902:2015;

[0113] Activity value: 2.8, good effect.

[0114] A method for preparing a medium and low frequency nanofiber sound absorbing material is as follows:

[0115] Adding diisopropylamine peroxide to a first polymer resin to prepare a first spinning solution, so that the kinematic viscosity of the first spinning solution at 300 degrees Celsius is less than 50 Pa·s;

[0116] The first spinning solution is melt-blown by a melt-blowing device 9 to obtain a first polymer fiber;

[0117] Adding decalin to the second polymer resin to prepare a second spinning solution, so that the dynamic viscosity of the second spinning solution at 140 degrees Celsius is 10-150 mPa·s;

[0118] The second spinning solution is flash-evaporated by a flash evaporation device 91 to obtain a second polymer fiber;

[0119] Under the traction of the fan 94, the first polymer fibers at the outlet of the melt-blowing device 9 and the second polymer fibers at the outlet of the flash evaporation device 91 are mixed evenly by using multiple air nozzles 92 to obtain a medium and low frequency nanofiber sound-absorbing material.

[0120] In this embodiment, the parameters of the flash evaporation device 91 are adjusted so that the average fiber diameter of the first polymer fiber is normally distributed.

[0121] In this embodiment, the parameters of the melt-blowing device 9 are adjusted so that the average fiber diameter of the second polymer fibers is normally distributed.

[0122] In this embodiment, after the fan 94 is pulled, the wind speed at the outlet of the melt-blowing equipment 9 and the outlet of the flash evaporation equipment 91 is 100-400m / s.

[0123] In this embodiment, the distance between the outlet of the meltblowing equipment 9 and the air nozzle 92 is 1-3 mm.

[0124] In this embodiment, the angle formed by the outlet of the melt-blowing equipment 9 and the air nozzle 92 is 30-50 degrees.

[0125] In this embodiment, the angle formed by the outlet of the flash evaporation device 91 and the air nozzle 92 is 30-50 degrees.

[0126] In order to prevent high-temperature carbonization during the melt-blown fiber production, the equipment uses a short screw machine with an aspect ratio of no more than 24 to melt and extrude the material. In order to completely melt the material in a short time, microparticles with a particle size of less than 2mm are selected.

[0127] Example 1

[0128] Using polypropylene as the polymer resin, adding diisopropylamine peroxide, preparing a first spinning solution, making the first spinning solution have a dynamic viscosity of 8 Pa·s at 300 degrees Celsius; using polypropylene as the polymer resin, adding decalin, preparing a second spinning solution, making the second spinning solution have a dynamic viscosity of 30 mPa·s at 140 degrees Celsius;

[0129] The parameters of the flash evaporation device 91 are adjusted so that the average fiber diameter of the first polymer fiber is normally distributed. The parameters of the melt-blowing device are adjusted so that the average fiber diameter of the second polymer fiber is normally distributed. The wind speed at the outlet of the melt-blowing device 9 and the outlet of the flash evaporation device 91 is 300 m / s. The distance between the outlet of the melt-blowing device 9 and the air nozzle 92 is 2 mm, and the angle is 40 degrees. The distance between the outlet of the flash evaporation device 91 and the air nozzle 92 is 2 mm, and the angle is 40 degrees.

[0130] The above equipment was used to process the low- and medium-frequency sound-absorbing functional nanofibers. 100 fiber samples were taken, with an average fiber diameter of 7-8 μm, a standard deviation of 2-2.5, and a fiber apparent density of 0.03 g / cm 3 The average fiber spacing is about 30-40 μm. The experimental results are as follows Figure 15-18 .

[0131] Example 2

[0132] PET is used as a polymer resin, hyperbranched polyester is added, and a first spinning solution is prepared, so that the dynamic viscosity of the first spinning solution at 300 degrees Celsius is 7 Pa·s; polypropylene is used as a polymer resin, decalin is added, and a second spinning solution is prepared, so that the dynamic viscosity of the second spinning solution at 140 degrees Celsius is 40 mPa·s;

[0133] The parameters of the flash evaporation device 91 are adjusted so that the average fiber diameter of the first polymer fiber is normally distributed. The parameters of the melt-blowing device 9 are adjusted so that the average fiber diameter of the second polymer fiber is normally distributed. The wind speed at the outlet of the melt-blowing device 9 and the outlet of the flash evaporation device 91 is 300 m / s. The distance between the outlet of the melt-blowing device 9 and the air nozzle 92 is 2 mm, and the angle is 40 degrees. The distance between the outlet of the flash evaporation device 91 and the air nozzle 92 is 2 mm, and the angle is 40 degrees.

[0134] The above equipment was used to process the low- and medium-frequency sound-absorbing functional nanofibers. 100 fiber samples were taken, with an average fiber diameter of 7-8 μm, a standard deviation of 2-2.5, and a fiber apparent density of 0.03 g / cm 3 The average fiber spacing is about 30-40 μm. The experimental results are as follows Figure 19-22 .

[0135] Example 3

[0136] PC is used as a polymer resin, hyperbranched polyester is added, and a first spinning solution is prepared, so that the dynamic viscosity of the first spinning solution at 300 degrees Celsius is 5 Pa·s; polypropylene is used as a polymer resin, decalin is added, and a second spinning solution is prepared, so that the dynamic viscosity of the second spinning solution at 140 degrees Celsius is 20 mPa·s;

[0137] The parameters of the flash evaporation device 91 are adjusted so that the average fiber diameter of the first polymer fiber is normally distributed. The parameters of the melt-blowing device 9 are adjusted so that the average fiber diameter of the second polymer fiber is normally distributed. The wind speed at the outlet of the melt-blowing device 9 and the outlet of the flash evaporation device 91 is 300 m / s. The distance between the outlet of the melt-blowing device 9 and the air nozzle 92 is 2 mm, and the angle is 40 degrees. The distance between the outlet of the flash evaporation device 91 and the air nozzle 92 is 2 mm, and the angle is 40 degrees.

[0138] The above equipment was used to process the low- and medium-frequency sound-absorbing functional nanofibers. 100 fiber samples were taken, with an average fiber diameter of 7-8 μm, a standard deviation of 2.5-3, and a fiber apparent density of 0.03 g / cm 3 , the average fiber spacing is about 30-50μm, and the experimental results are as follows Figure 23-26 .

[0139] It can be seen that the low-frequency and medium-band sound-absorbing functional nanofibers prepared by the above scheme have good quality, and the preparation method is simple and convenient. Compared with conventional products (prepared by flash evaporation equipment 91 or melt-blown equipment 9 alone), the low-frequency and medium-band sound-absorbing functional nanofibers prepared by the preparation method of the present invention have the following indicators:

[0140] Serial number Indicator name unit Index value Conventional products 1 Porosity ％ ＞95％ ＞80％ 2 Sound absorption rate of 200-400Hz ％ ≥50％ ＜50％ 3 Sound absorption rate of 400-800Hz ％ ≥90％ ≥50％ 4 800-5000Hz sound absorption rate ％ ≥95％ ≥65％ 5 Average fiber diameter Micrometer 5-8 ＞15 6 Fiber diameter distribution normal distribution Uniform 7 Coefficient of variation ％ 45％-65％ ＜20％ 8 Average sound absorption rate above 400Hz ≥0.8 ＜0.8 9 Fluid resistance (flow rate 109.4sccm) Ns / m^4 ＞10000 ＞50000

[0141] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0142] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A medium and low frequency nanofiber sound-absorbing material, characterized in that: The sound absorbing material comprises the following components: a first polymer resin, diisopropylamine peroxide, a second polymer resin and decalin; Adding diisopropylamine peroxide to a first polymer resin to prepare a first spinning solution, so that the dynamic viscosity of the first spinning solution at 300 degrees Celsius is less than 50 Pa·s, and melt-blowing the first spinning solution using a melt-blowing device (9) to obtain a first polymer fiber; Adding decahydronaphthalene to a second polymer resin to prepare a second spinning solution, so that the dynamic viscosity of the second spinning solution at 140 degrees Celsius is 10-150 mPa·s, and flash evaporating the second spinning solution using a flash evaporation device (91) to obtain a second polymer fiber; Under the traction of a fan (94), the first polymer fibers and the second polymer fibers are mixed evenly using a plurality of air nozzles (92) to obtain a medium and low frequency band nanofiber sound absorbing material.

2. The sound absorption test equipment for medium and low frequency nanofiber sound absorbing materials according to claim 1 comprises a stand (1), characterized in that: A sealed cabin (2) is fixedly provided on the stand (1), a mounting member (3) is fixedly provided on the stand (1), and a detection member 1 (4) and a detection member 2 (5) for testing nanofiber sound-absorbing materials in the middle and low frequency bands are fixedly provided on the mounting member (3).

3. According to claim 2, a sound absorption testing device for a medium and low frequency nanofiber sound absorbing material, two vertical blocks (11) are fixedly provided on the vertical seat (1), a guide rod (12) is fixedly provided between the two vertical blocks (11), a tooling seat (6) for fixing the medium and low frequency nanofiber sound absorbing material is slidably provided on the guide rod (12), a guide rail is fixedly provided on the side of the guide rod (12), a driving groove (13) is provided on the guide rod (12), a worm (131) is rotatably provided in the driving groove (13), and a motor (130) for driving is fixedly connected to one end of the worm (131).

4. According to the sound absorption testing equipment of the medium and low frequency nanofiber sound absorbing material according to claim 3, a mounting frame (14) is fixedly connected to the stand (1) and located on one side of the guide rod (12), a shaft rod 1 (141) and a shaft rod 2 (142) are rotatably provided on the mounting frame (14), the shaft rod 1 (141) and the shaft rod 2 (142) are connected by a belt (18) for transmission, a motor 2 (140) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (14), an output end of the motor 2 (140) is connected to the shaft rod 2 (142), a gear 1 (15) is fixedly provided on the shaft rod 1 (141), and a gear 2 (16) is fixedly provided on the shaft rod 2 (142); The shaft rod 2 (142) is rotatably provided with a gear 3 (17), which cooperates with the gear 1 (15). The stand (1) is fixedly provided with an intelligent scale, the intelligent scale is fixedly provided with a water collecting tank (10), and the water collecting tank (10) is fixedly provided with a decibel meter.

5. According to the sound absorption test equipment of the medium and low frequency band nanofiber sound absorbing material as described in claim 3, the tooling seat (6) comprises a moving tube (61), the moving tube (61) is slidably connected to the guide rail, a rack (63) is fixedly provided inside the moving tube (61), the rack (63) cooperates with a worm (131), an arc plate (64) is fixedly connected to the moving tube (61), an arc groove (65) is provided on the arc plate (64), and an anti-sliding block (66) is provided inside the arc groove (65); A connecting frame (62) for mounting the remaining arc-shaped plates (64) is fixedly provided on one side of the moving tube (61); a U-shaped groove (67) is provided on the arc-shaped plate (64); symmetrically distributed clamping claws (68) are rotatably provided in the U-shaped groove (67); a through groove (681) is provided on the clamping claw (68); a sliding groove (682) is provided in the through groove (681); a sliding block (683) is slidably provided in the sliding groove (682); A connecting rod (684) is rotatably provided on the slider (683), a bidirectional lead screw (685) is rotatably provided in the U-shaped groove (67), the bidirectional lead screw (685) is threadedly connected to the connecting rod (684), a motor three (60) is fixedly connected to one end of the moving tube (61), and an output end of the motor three (60) is connected to the bidirectional lead screw (685).

6. According to claim 4, a sound absorption test device for a medium and low frequency band nanofiber sound-absorbing material, the sealed cabin (2) comprises an arc cover 1 (21) and an arc cover 2 (22), one side of the arc cover 1 (21) is fixedly connected with an arc plate 1 (23), a matching groove (24) is provided on the outer side of the arc plate 1 (23), the arc plate 1 (23) is rotatably connected to the guide rod (12), an arc plate 2 (25) is slidably provided on the matching groove (24), the arc plate 2 (25) is coaxially arranged with the arc plate 1 (23), the outer sides of the arc plate 1 (23) and the arc plate 2 (25) are fixedly connected with gear rings (26), and the two gear rings (26) are respectively matched with the gear 3 (17) and the gear 2 (16).

7. According to the sound absorption test equipment of the medium and low frequency nanofiber sound-absorbing material according to claim 6, the mounting member (3) comprises a motor frame (31), a motor four (30) is fixedly connected to the motor frame (31), a rotating rod (33) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor four (30), a limiting ring (331) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (33), a guide column (34) is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating rod (33), a right-angle block (35) is fixedly connected to one side of the motor frame (31), a top plate (32) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (33), and mounting plates (38) are fixedly connected to both ends of the top plate (32); A lifting plate (36) is slidably provided on the rotating rod (33), the lifting plate (36) is clamped with the guide column (34), a spring (368) is fixedly connected to one side of the lifting plate (36), the spring (368) is connected to the motor frame (31), a positioning ring (361) is fixedly provided at one end of the lifting plate (36), a positioning cover (362) is slidably provided on the positioning ring (361), and the positioning cover (362) is coaxially arranged with the sealing cabin (2).

8. According to the sound absorption testing device of the medium and low frequency band nanofiber sound absorbing material according to claim 7, the lifting plate (36) is provided with a moving groove (363), a moving block (365) is slidably provided in the moving groove (363), a rack 2 (366) is fixedly connected to one side of the moving block (365), a worm 2 (364) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the lifting plate (36), and a motor 5 for driving is fixedly connected to one end of the worm 2 (364); The second worm gear (364) cooperates with the second rack gear (366), a support block (367) is fixedly connected below the moving block (365), one end of the support block (367) is provided with an inclined surface, and the other end is provided with a limiting inclined groove (37), one side of the positioning cover (362) is provided with a fixing groove (369), the fixing groove (369) cooperates with the inclined surface, and the right-angle block (35) cooperates with the limiting inclined groove (37).

9. A sound absorption test device for a medium and low frequency band nanofiber sound absorbing material according to claim 7, wherein the detection element 1 (4) comprises a water storage tank (41), a water outlet pipe (42) arranged in an array is fixedly provided at the bottom of the water storage tank (41), a central shaft (40) is rotatably provided in the water storage tank (41), a plurality of side rods (46) are fixedly connected to the central shaft (40), a mounting rod (44) is slidably provided on the side rod (46), a sealing block (43) is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting rod (44), and a piston plate (47) is abutted against the other end; The sealing block (43) is fixedly connected with a second spring (45), one end of which is connected to a side rod (46), a piston plate (47) is slidably arranged on the central shaft (40), a plurality of inclined plane blocks (441) are fixedly arranged in the water storage tank (41), the sealing block (43) cooperates with the inclined plane blocks (441), an annular groove (49) is fixedly arranged on the water storage tank (41), and the piston plate (47) is slidably arranged in the annular groove (49); A water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer side of the annular groove (49), a top frame (402) is fixedly provided on the top of the annular groove (49), a motor six (401) for connecting to the driving center shaft (40) is fixedly provided on the top of the top frame (402), the top frame (402) and the piston plate (47) are connected via a spring three (48), a plurality of water outlet pipes (42) are fixed on a mounting plate (38), and a cylinder (39) is fixedly provided on another mounting plate (38).

10. A sound absorption test device for a medium and low frequency nanofiber sound absorption material according to claim 9, wherein the detection element 2 (5) comprises a rectangular cover (51), the rectangular cover (51) is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder (39), vertical grooves (52) are symmetrically arranged in the rectangular cover (51), a spring 4 (53) is fixedly arranged in the vertical groove (52), a moving shaft (54) is fixedly connected to one end of the spring 4 (53), round blocks (55) are fixedly connected to both ends of the moving shaft (54), a connecting shaft (511) is fixedly connected in the rectangular cover (51), and two swing rods (56) are rotatably arranged on the connecting shaft (511); The swing rod (56) is provided with a straight groove (57), the straight groove (57) is slidably connected to the moving shaft (54), one end of the swing rod (56) is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft (511), and the other end is fixedly provided with a steel ball (58), the rectangular cover (51) is fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed steel sheets (59), the rectangular cover (51) is fixedly connected with a motor seven (501), one end of the motor seven (501) is fixedly connected with a cam (50), and the cam (50) is slidably connected to the two round blocks (55).

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