Large-section immersed tube joint upper, middle and lower shear key combined bearing device
By installing a constant resistance device between the upper, middle and lower shear keys on the immersed tube section, the sliding member generates anti-slip resistance, so that multiple shear keys share the bearing capacity, solving the problem that the shear keys are prone to deform or break during settlement. , achieves improving the load-bearing effect without increasing material costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411381693.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
AI Technical Summary
In the construction of immersed tube tunnels, the shear keys are prone to deform or break when subjected to shear forces, and improving their load-bearing capacity requires increasing material costs.
The combined bearing device of upper, middle and lower shear keys of large-section immersed pipe sections is adopted. By distributing the shear keys at the end face of the pipe section and the middle partition wall, a constant resistance device, including a fixture and a slider, is installed between the shear keys. The slider generates anti-slip resistance during settlement, allowing multiple shear keys to bear together and reduce material costs.
The overall load-bearing effect of the shear key is improved, deformation or fracture caused by excessive shear force is avoided, and the load-bearing capacity is enhanced without increasing material cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN119163065A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of immersed tube construction, and in particular to a device for jointly bearing the upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment. Background Art
[0002] An immersed tube tunnel is an underwater passage for vehicles built in underwater strata across rivers, bays, and straits. The middle part of the immersed tube tunnel is separated by a middle partition wall, and forms a double-channel underwater tunnel with the side walls on both sides. The construction method of the immersed tube tunnel involves pre-excavating trenches in the underwater strata at the location of the tunnel construction, floating several sections of reinforced concrete pipe segments prefabricated on the dry dock to the designated waters, and sinking the pipe segments to the designed position in the dredged foundation trench, connecting and fixing them to build a tunnel or a large underwater space. In the construction process of immersed tube tunnels, the connection of pipe segments is a crucial link. Since the pipe segments need to be docked underwater and need to withstand various complex hydrological, geological and load conditions, it is necessary to ensure that the connection between the pipe segments is both stable and reliable. The shear key, as an important load-bearing component in the pipe segment connection, plays a key role in the temporary locking and final fixation of the pipe segments.
[0003] In the related art, shear keys mainly bear the shear force caused by factors such as earthquakes and uneven settlement of pipe sections. According to the different directions of force, shear keys can be divided into horizontal shear keys and vertical shear keys. Horizontal shear keys mainly bear the horizontal shear force caused by earthquakes, while vertical shear keys mainly bear the vertical shear force caused by uneven settlement of pipe sections and earthquakes.
[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, there are the following defects: when the immersed tube segment sinks, only the interaction force is generated between the two adjacent shear keys. When the shear force borne by the shear key is too large, it is easy to deform or break. If the shear key's bearing capacity is increased by increasing its cross-sectional area, the material cost will increase, so there is still room for improvement. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to improve the overall load-bearing effect of the shear keys without increasing the material cost, the present application provides a device for jointly bearing the upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment.
[0006] The present application provides a device for the joint bearing of the upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment, which adopts the following technical solution: A device for jointly bearing the upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment, comprising a plurality of shear keys and a plurality of constant resistance devices, wherein the plurality of shear keys are vertically distributed at the side wall positions and the middle partition wall positions at the two end faces of the immersed tube segment; when two adjacent immersed tube segments are assembled, the plurality of shear keys at the end faces of the two immersed tube segments are sequentially spaced and staggered, and gaps are formed between adjacent shear keys for installing the constant resistance device, wherein the constant resistance device comprises a fixing part and a movable part slidably connected to the fixing part, wherein the fixing part and the movable part are respectively fixed at two adjacent shear keys, and when the immersed tube segment sinks, relative displacement occurs between the upper, middle and lower shear keys, and the sliding part slides relative to the corresponding fixing part and generates anti-slip resistance, so as to achieve the purpose of jointly bearing the upper, middle and lower shear keys.
[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, a plurality of shear keys are vertically distributed at the side wall position and the middle partition wall position of the end face of the immersed tube section. When two immersed tube sections are spliced, the plurality of shear keys at the end faces of two adjacent immersed tube sections are staggered and distributed, and a gap is left for accommodating the constant resistance device. After the adjacent immersed tube sections are assembled, the constant resistance device is installed. The constant resistance device is composed of a fixing part and a sliding part. When the immersed tube section sinks, relative sliding occurs between the fixing part and the sliding part, and anti-slip resistance is generated. The shear key that moves downward transmits the force to the upper and lower shear keys respectively through the upper and lower constant resistance devices, so that multiple shear keys bear the force together, which is beneficial to improving the overall load-bearing effect of the shear keys without increasing material costs.
[0008] Preferably, the fixing part is a steel sleeve, and the sliding part is a steel strand. In two adjacent shear keys, the steel sleeve is arranged in the shear key located above, the movable end of the steel strand is conical and slides closely on the inner wall of the steel sleeve, and the fixed end of the steel strand is fixed at the shear key located below.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the movable end of the steel hinge wire is set to be conical and slides closely on the inner wall of the steel sleeve, thereby increasing the anti-sliding resistance, which is beneficial to further improve the overall bearing effect of the shear key.
[0010] Preferably, after the two immersed tube sections are spliced together, a rubber bearing is provided in the gap between two adjacent shear keys.
[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the rubber bearing can absorb and disperse the stress between the shear keys caused by the movement or deformation of the pipe section, avoiding the damage to the shear key structure caused by stress concentration. Together with the constant resistance device, it plays a buffering role, which helps to protect the integrity and stability of the shear key.
[0012] Preferably, the shear keys located at the partition wall position in the immersed tube section are concrete shear keys and are vertically distributed in two rows. A plurality of nose bridges correspond to a plurality of concrete shear keys one by one, and the concrete shear keys and the corresponding nose bridges are integrally cast.
[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, the nose support beam and the shear key work together during the temporary locking process of the immersed tube segment. The nose support beam can share part of the load acting on the immersed tube segment, including its own weight, water flow force, buoyancy and the force generated by construction machinery, which helps to reduce the stress on key connecting components such as the shear key and prevent damage or failure due to excessive force. In addition, the setting of the nose support beam can also provide construction personnel with certain auxiliary positioning and adjustment functions. During the pipe segment docking process, construction personnel can use the nose support beam to fine-tune the position and posture of the pipe segment to ensure the accuracy and precision of the docking, which helps to improve construction efficiency and quality.
[0014] Preferably, the steel bars of the concrete shear key are tied and fixed to the steel bars of the nose bridge.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the steel bars of the concrete shear key and the steel bars of the nose support bridge are tied together to form a shape, which is beneficial to improving the connection stability between the concrete shear key and the nose support bridge.
[0016] Preferably, the shear key located at the side wall of the immersed tube segment is a steel shear key, and a side embedded part is embedded at the side wall position of the end face of the immersed tube segment, and the side wall embedded part is used for fixed connection with the steel shear key.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the side embedded parts are embedded at the side wall position of the immersed tube segment to serve as the installation point of the steel shear key, which is convenient for the installation and fixation of the steel shear key.
[0018] Preferably, a thick asbestos liner plate is provided between the rigid shear key and the side embedded part.
[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, since the embedded parts and the shear keys are both steel structures, and the asbestos liner board, as a non-metallic material, has good isolation properties, it can effectively isolate the direct metal contact between the steel shear key and the embedded parts, avoiding electrochemical corrosion or physical wear that may be caused by direct contact, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the shear key and the embedded parts.
[0020] Preferably, an upper guide frame is provided on the upper part of the nose support bridge, and a lower guide frame is provided on the lower part of the nose support bridge. When assembling the immersed tube segments, the two immersed tube segments slide horizontally into place under the cooperative guiding action of the upper guide frame and the lower guide frame.
[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper guide frame and the lower guide frame play a guiding role, which is beneficial to improving the assembly accuracy of the two immersed tube sections.
[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By vertically distributing a plurality of shear keys at the side wall position and the middle partition wall position of the end face of the immersed tube segment, when two immersed tube segments are spliced, the plurality of shear keys at the end faces of two adjacent immersed tube segments are staggered and distributed and a gap for accommodating the constant resistance device is left, and the constant resistance device is installed after the adjacent immersed tube segments are assembled. The constant resistance device is composed of a fixing part and a sliding part. When the immersed tube segment sinks, the fixing part and the sliding part slide relative to each other and generate anti-slip resistance. The shear key that moves downward transmits the force to the upper and lower shear keys respectively through the upper and lower constant resistance devices, so that multiple shear keys bear the force together, which is conducive to improving the overall load-bearing effect of the shear keys without increasing the material cost; 2. By setting the movable end of the steel hinge wire to a cone shape and sliding it closely against the inner wall of the steel sleeve, the anti-sliding resistance is increased, which is beneficial to further improve the overall load-bearing effect of the shear key. ; 3. By utilizing the guiding function of the upper guide frame and the lower guide frame of the nose support beam, it is helpful to improve the assembly accuracy of the two immersed tube sections. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one end of a immersed tube segment in a device for joint bearing of upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment in an embodiment of the present application.
[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the other end of an immersed tube segment in a device for jointly supporting the upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment in an embodiment of the present application.
[0025] Figure 3 It is a connection schematic diagram of a constant resistance device after two immersed tube segments are spliced together in a device jointly supported by upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment in an embodiment of the present application.
[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of center A.
[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a constant resistance device and a rubber bearing in a device for jointly bearing the upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment in an embodiment of the present application.
[0028] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. immersed tube section; 11. side wall; 12. middle partition wall; 2. steel shear key; 3. rubber bearing; 4. nose support beam; 5. constant resistance device; 51. steel sleeve; 52. steel strand; 6. upper guide frame; 7. lower guide frame; 8. concrete shear key. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This application is described in further detail.
[0030] The present application embodiment discloses a device for the joint bearing of the upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed pipe segment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , including a plurality of shear keys and a plurality of constant resistance devices 5. Among them, the plurality of shear keys are vertically distributed at the side wall 11 and the middle partition wall 12 at the two end surfaces of the immersed tube segment 1; when two adjacent immersed tube segments 1 are assembled, the plurality of shear keys at the end surfaces of the two immersed tube segments 1 are staggered and distributed in sequence, and gaps are formed between adjacent shear keys for installing the constant resistance devices 5.
[0031] In this embodiment, the constant resistance device 5 includes a fixed part and a movable part slidably connected to the fixed part, and the fixed part and the movable part are respectively fixed at two adjacent shear keys. Among them, the fixed part is a steel sleeve 51, and the sliding part is a steel strand 52. In the two adjacent shear keys, the steel sleeve 51 is buried in the shear key located above, the movable end of the steel strand is conical and slides closely on the inner wall of the steel sleeve 51, and the fixed end of the steel strand 52 is fixed at the shear key located below. When the immersed tube segment 1 sinks, relative displacement occurs between the upper, middle and lower shear keys, and the sliding part slides relative to the corresponding fixed part and generates anti-slip resistance to achieve the purpose of joint bearing of the upper, middle and lower shear keys.
[0032] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In addition, after the two immersed tube sections 1 are spliced, a rubber support 3 is provided in the gap between two adjacent shear keys. The rubber support 3 can absorb and disperse the stress generated by the movement or deformation of the pipe sections between the shear keys, and avoid the damage to the shear key structure caused by stress concentration. Together with the constant resistance device 5, it plays a buffering role, which helps to protect the integrity and stability of the shear key.
[0033] In this embodiment, the shear keys located at the partition wall 12 of the immersed tube segment 1 are concrete shear keys 8, and are vertically distributed in two rows. A plurality of nose bridges 4 correspond to a plurality of concrete shear keys 8 one by one. The steel bars of the concrete shear keys 8 are tied and fixed to the steel bars of the nose bridges 4. The concrete shear keys 8 are integrally cast with the corresponding nose bridges 4. The nose bridges 4 and the shear keys work together during the temporary locking process of the immersed tube segment 1. The nose bridges 4 can share part of the load acting on the immersed tube segment 1, including the deadweight, water flow force, buoyancy, and the force generated by construction machinery, etc., which helps to reduce the stress of key connecting parts such as shear keys and prevent damage or failure caused by excessive stress. In addition, the setting of the nose bridges 4 can also provide construction personnel with certain auxiliary positioning and adjustment functions. During the pipe segment docking process, construction personnel can use the nose bridges 4 to fine-tune the position and posture of the pipe segment to ensure the accuracy and precision of docking, which helps to improve construction efficiency and quality.
[0034] In this embodiment, the shear key located at the side wall 11 of the immersed tube segment 1 is a steel shear key 2, and a side embedded part is embedded at the side wall 11 of the end face of the immersed tube segment 1. The side embedded part is a steel plate structure and serves as a mounting point for the steel shear key 2, and is used to be fixedly connected to the steel shear key 2. In addition, a thick asbestos liner plate is provided between the steel shear key and the side embedded part to isolate the direct metal contact between the steel shear key and the embedded part, avoid electrochemical corrosion or physical wear that may be caused by direct contact, and help to extend the service life of the shear key and the embedded part.
[0035] In this embodiment, an upper guide frame 6 is installed on the upper part of the nose support bridge 4, and a lower guide frame 7 is installed on the lower part of the nose support bridge 4. When the immersed tube segment 1 is assembled, the two immersed tube segments 1 slide horizontally into place under the coordinated guiding action of the upper guide frame 6 and the lower guide frame 7, so as to improve the assembly accuracy of the two immersed tube segments 1 and ensure that there is a gap between the shear keys after the two immersed tube segments 1 are assembled, so as to provide an installation position for the rubber support 3 and the constant resistance device 5.
[0036] The implementation principle of the device for the joint bearing of the upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment 1 in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: S1: First, tie the entire steel bars of the immersed tube segment 1 in the workshop on the construction site, including the steel bars at the side wall 11 and the middle partition wall 12 of the immersed tube segment 1. When the horizontal main reinforcement of the side wall 11 of the immersed tube segment 1 is tied to the height of the top of the shear key, first suspend the tying of the wall butt reinforcement (hook, reinforcement) at the installation of the embedded parts, and prepare to install the side embedded parts of the steel shear key 2.
[0037] According to the installation position of the shear key and the inclination angle requirements of the side embedded parts, horizontal steel bars are welded at the side wall 11 steel bars at the end face of the immersed tube segment 1 to determine the installation plane of the side embedded parts. Then the side embedded parts are hoisted to the installation plane, and after the initial measurement and positioning are completed, they are fixed with the initial positioning steel bars.
[0038] The reinforcement of the concrete shear key 8 and the nose support 4 are tied synchronously, and the reinforcement of the embedded parts of the upper guide frame 6 and the lower guide frame 7 are tied to the upper and lower surfaces of the main reinforcement of the nose support 4. In addition, the embedded parts of the rubber bearing 3 are installed on the top of the concrete shear key 8 for the subsequent installation of the rubber bearing 3. The reinforcement of the embedded parts of the rubber bearing 3 is tied and fixed together with the top reinforcement of the concrete shear key 8. In addition, the top of the steel shear key 2 is also reserved for the installation of the rubber bearing 3. It is convenient to install the rubber bearing 3 at the shear key at the side wall 11 of the immersed tube segment 1.
[0039] When installing the end mold of the immersed tube segment 1, the position of the embedded parts is checked again. According to the re-measurement results of the embedded parts' positions, some of the initial positioning steel bars of the embedded parts are removed, and then the installation position of the embedded parts is readjusted by adjusting the left and right sides and the inclination angle with a small jack. Finally, the embedded parts are fixed with fine positioning steel bars, and the embedded parts are connected to the end mold of the immersed tube segment 1 with fixing bolts so that the surface of the end mold is close to the surface of the embedded parts. In addition, the side mold, inner mold and top mold of the immersed tube segment 1 are built. In addition, it is necessary to set up additional templates for the nose support bridge 4 and the concrete shear key 8. Finally, the immersed tube segment 1, the shear key and the corresponding nose support bridge 4 are cast and formed as one body.
[0040] S2: In the subsequent assembly step of the immersed tube segment 1, the two immersed tube segments 1 are guided by the cooperation between the upper guide frame 6 and the lower guide frame 7 to achieve the purpose of horizontal sliding of the immersed tube segment 1. The cross-sections of the upper guide frame 6 and the lower guide frame 7 are both triangular structures, which improves stability and facilitates mutual cooperation.
[0041] S3: Reference Figure 5, then complete the installation of the rubber bearing 3 at the shear key, and the rubber bearing 3 is located in the gap between two adjacent shear keys. In addition, a constant resistance device 5 is installed in the gap between adjacent shear keys, and the constant resistance device 5 and the rubber bearing 3 are staggered at the gap. In the adjacent shear keys, the steel sleeve 51 is pre-embedded and fixed in the shear key located above in step S1, and the movable end of the steel hinge wire slides in the steel sleeve 51. Then in step S3, the fixed end of the steel strand 52 is locked in the shear key located below by a locking piece, so that when relative displacement occurs between adjacent shear keys, an anti-slip resistance is generated between the steel strand 52 and the steel sleeve 51. The shear key that moves downward transmits the force to the upper and lower shear keys respectively through the upper and lower constant resistance devices 5, so that multiple shear keys bear the force together, which is beneficial to improve the overall load-bearing effect of the shear key without increasing the material cost.
[0042] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A device for joint bearing of upper, middle and lower shear keys of large-section immersed tube segments, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of shear keys and a plurality of constant resistance devices (5), wherein the plurality of shear keys are vertically distributed at the side wall (11) and the middle partition wall (12) at the two end surfaces of the immersed tube segment (1); when two adjacent immersed tube segments (1) are assembled, the plurality of shear keys at the end surfaces of the two immersed tube segments (1) are sequentially spaced and staggered, and gaps are formed between the adjacent shear keys and used to install the constant resistance devices (5); the constant resistance devices (5) comprise a fixed part and a movable part slidably connected to the fixed part, and the fixed part and the movable part are respectively fixed at the two adjacent shear keys; when the immersed tube segment (1) sinks, relative displacement occurs between the upper, middle and lower shear keys, and the sliding part slides relative to the corresponding fixed part and generates anti-sliding resistance, so as to achieve the purpose of joint bearing of the upper, middle and lower shear keys.
2. The device for joint bearing of upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixing part is a steel sleeve (51), and the sliding part is a steel strand (52). In two adjacent shear keys, the steel sleeve (51) is arranged in the shear key located at the top, the movable end of the steel strand is conical and slides closely on the inner wall of the steel sleeve (51), and the fixed end of the steel strand (52) is fixed at the shear key located at the bottom.
3. The device for joint bearing of upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After the two immersed tube sections (1) are spliced together, a rubber support (3) is arranged in the gap between two adjacent shear keys.
4. The device for joint bearing of upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shear keys located at the partition wall (12) of the immersed tube section (1) are concrete shear keys (8) and are vertically distributed in two rows. The plurality of nose support bridges (4) correspond to the plurality of concrete shear keys (8) one by one, and the concrete shear keys (8) and the corresponding nose support bridges (4) are integrally cast and formed.
5. The device for joint bearing of upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The steel bars of the concrete shear key (8) are tied and fixed to the steel bars of the nose support bridge (4).
6. The device for joint bearing of upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shear key located at the side wall (11) of the immersed tube segment (1) is a steel shear key (2), and a side embedded part is embedded at the side wall (11) position of the end face of the immersed tube segment (1), and the side wall (11) embedded part is used for fixed connection with the steel shear key (2).
7. The device for joint bearing of upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A thick asbestos liner plate is arranged between the rigid shear key and the side embedded part.
8. A device for joint bearing of upper, middle and lower shear keys of a large-section immersed tube segment according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: An upper guide frame (6) is provided on the upper part of the nose support bridge (4), and a lower guide frame (7) is provided on the lower part of the nose support bridge (4). When the immersed tube segments (1) are assembled, the two immersed tube segments (1) slide horizontally into place under the cooperative guiding action of the upper guide frame (6) and the lower guide frame (7).