Panel coal-pillar-free roof-cutting roadway forming method and panel mining method

Abstract

The invention provides a panel coal-pillar-free roof-cutting roadway forming method and a panel mining method.The panel coal-pillar-free roof-cutting roadway forming method comprises the steps that in the working face mining process, a roof-cutting support set is erected between a current working face and a next working face, and the roof-cutting support set comprises a row of first supports and a row of second supports; the first supports and the second supports are arranged in the second direction, the first supports are arranged close to the goaf, the second supports are arranged close to the next working face, and the first supports and the second supports are arranged in a staggered mode in the first direction; and when the length of the top cutting support group in the second direction is greater than or equal to the periodic weighting step pitch of the current working face, the top plate of the goaf corresponding to the current working face is fractured, and the next working face is matched to form the air return entry retaining. The panel coal-pillar-free roof cutting roadway forming method and the panel mining method are simple and convenient, roof cutting roadway forming can be effectively achieved, the speed is high, roof caving is sufficient, and the supporting cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mining technology, and in particular to a method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars and a panel area mining method. Background Art

[0002] Coal is an important natural resource. With the innovation of coal mining technology, the scale and intensity of mining are constantly increasing. At present, the technology of cutting the top without coal pillars and forming the tunnel has been applied in some mines, but the effect is not very ideal. The main problem lies in the construction technology of cutting the top without coal pillars and forming the tunnel.

[0003] For example, the method of cutting the roof of the tunnel is unreasonable. At present, the main method of cutting the roof of the tunnel is drilling and blasting, and prefabricated cutting seams are used to force cutting the roof. Due to the limitations of blasthole length and charging depth, the cutting effect of this method is very limited. It can only fill the goaf with the roof of a small range of low-level heights, and cannot effectively cause the roof of the upper middle and high positions that control the mine pressure in the tunnel to fall fully. This prolongs the time and range of dynamic pressure influence. The tunnel requires very high support strength to control the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0004] In addition, the speed of tunnel construction is slow and the tunnel construction process is complicated. The current tunnel construction process of the self-tunneling technology without coal pillars includes: coal mining machine cutting out tunnel space, anchor support, drilling and blasting to cut the top, shotcrete, etc. This set of construction technology relies on blasting and cutting to cut the top, resulting in insufficient cutting of the top, insufficient fall of the top rock layer in the goaf, and insufficient filling of the goaf, resulting in serious air leakage. The tunnel construction process also requires shotcrete to prevent air leakage, coupled with the process of drilling and blasting to cut the seam, resulting in the existing self-tunneling construction process without coal pillars cutting the top is too complicated, the tunnel construction is slow, and it is difficult to realize mechanized operation. The speed of tunnel construction is slower than the speed of advancing the working face, and it cannot meet production needs.

[0005] The existing non-pillared tunneling cannot achieve the goals of high production, high efficiency and high recovery rate. In addition, the blasting operation is labor-intensive, unsafe and costly, and the cutting height and effect are difficult to control. It is even difficult to implement in high-gas mines and areas with pyrotechnic control, and the process is limited in scope of application. Therefore, an efficient and safe method for cutting the top of a panel without coal pillars is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to propose a panel area pillar-free coal cutting top lane formation method and a panel area mining method to solve the above technical problems.

[0007] In a first aspect of the present application, a method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars to form a lane is provided, wherein the panel area includes a plurality of working faces arranged along a first direction, and the method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars to form a lane comprises: in the process of mining the working faces, a goaf is formed at the rear end of the working faces, a cutting top support group is set up between the current working face and the next working face, the cutting top support group comprises a row of first supports and a row of second supports; the first supports and the second supports are both arranged along a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the first supports are arranged close to the goaf, the second supports are arranged close to the next working face, and the first supports and the second supports are arranged alternately along the first direction; when the length of the cutting top support group along the second direction is greater than or equal to the periodic pressure step of the current working face, the roof of the goaf corresponding to the current working face is broken, and a return air lane is formed in cooperation with the next working face.

[0008] Further, along the first direction, the width of the second bracket is greater than the width of the first bracket.

[0009] Further, along the first direction, the width of the second bracket is 2.5 m, and the width of the first bracket is 2 m; along the second direction, the lengths of the first bracket and the second bracket are both 5 m.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the working faces is mined using a coal mining machine, a working face support group is provided between the coal mining machine and the goaf, and a single support working resistance of the top cutting support group is greater than or equal to 70% of a single support working resistance of the working face support group.

[0011] Furthermore, the method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars to form a lane also includes: trimming the sides of the return air lane, laying mesh, networking and anchoring the top and sides of the return air lane, and erecting a shed to support the tail of the return air lane.

[0012] Furthermore, a double-layer mesh is arranged on the side of the return air retaining lane close to the goaf.

[0013] Furthermore, a chamfer is provided on a front beam of the first bracket close to the goaf.

[0014] Furthermore, the first support closest to the coal mining machine is not provided with a top cutting column, and the first support farthest from the coal mining machine is provided with a side guard plate, and the side guard plate is provided close to the goaf.

[0015] Furthermore, during the process of scaffolding support, the angle between the scaffolding legs and the top beam on the side close to the goaf is 75° to 80°, and the angle between the scaffolding legs and the top beam on the side close to the next working surface is 90°.

[0016] The second aspect of the present application provides a panel mining method, which utilizes comprehensive mining equipment to sequentially mine multiple working faces along a first direction. In the process of mining each of the working faces, a return air lane is formed by the panel coal pillar-free top cutting and lane formation method as described in the first aspect above. The return air lane serves as the return air lane of the current working face and the belt transport lane of the next working face.

[0017] It can be seen from the above that the present application provides a method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars and a method for mining the panel area. The method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars and forming a lane comprises: in the process of mining the working face, a goaf is formed at the rear end of the working face, and a cutting support group is set up between the current working face and the next working face, and the cutting support group comprises a row of first supports and a row of second supports; the first supports and the second supports are both arranged along the second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the first supports are arranged close to the goaf, the second supports are arranged close to the next working face, and the first supports and the second supports are arranged alternately along the first direction; when the length of the cutting support group along the second direction is greater than or equal to the period of the current working face, When the step distance is pressed, the roof of the goaf corresponding to the current working face breaks, and cooperates with the next working face to form a return air lane; by setting two rows of staggered cutting roof supports, it not only plays a role in lane support, but also forms a strong shear effect with the roof mine pressure. When the length of the cutting roof support group is greater than or equal to the cycle of the working face to press the step distance, it can ensure that the roof of the goaf is completely cut off to form a return air lane. In this way, dynamic pressure cutting can be achieved without weakening means such as blasting, with strong safety, high efficiency, sufficient roof collapse, and prevention of air leakage in the goaf; the panel area coal pillar-free cutting roof to form a lane method and panel area mining method are simple and convenient, can effectively cut the roof into a lane, have a fast speed, sufficient roof collapse, and low support cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pan-area laneway system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a top view structural diagram of the working face, goaf and return air lane;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle return air lane;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the side structure of the middle working surface support group;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the middle return air lane;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of a lane wall repair and expansion machine in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the overhead structure of the middle lane gang repair and expansion machine.

[0026] Figure numerals: 1, working face; 1-1, first mining working face; 1-2, follow-up working face; 1-3, final mining working face; 2, belt transport lane; 3, centralized transport lane; 4, main lane for cutting eye; 5, centralized return air lane; 6, return air lane; 7, main transport lane; 8, return air lane; 8-1, curved lane side; 8-2, triangle area; 9, auxiliary transport lane; 10, auxiliary lane for cutting eye; 11, connecting lane; 12, main evacuation channel; 13, auxiliary evacuation channel; 14, water tank; 15, substation; 16. Refuge chamber; 17. Remote power supply and fluid supply chamber; 18. Goaf; 19. Top cutting support group; 19-1. First support; 19-2. Second support; 20. Coal mining machine; 21. Working face support group; 22. Laneway repair and expansion machine; 22-1. Bottom bracket; 22-2. Rocker arm; 22-3. Spiral drum; 22-4. Reducer; 22-5. Electric motor; 22-6. Traction unit; 22-7. Height adjustment cylinder; 22-8. Tilt adjustment cylinder; 22-9. Electric control box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should be the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present application belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the embodiments of the present application do not represent any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Including" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing in front of the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0029] Coal is an important energy source, and the development of longwall mining technology has greatly increased coal production. The most commonly used mining method is the 121 method, which is to dig two tunnels in the original coal seam, close the tunnels after coal mining, and leave a certain width of section safety coal pillars. When the second working face is mined, two tunnels need to be dug and new coal pillars need to be left. This traditional working face mining method of leaving section coal pillars causes a serious waste of coal resources. A large number of protective coal pillars are left underground and cannot be effectively recovered.

[0030] Coal mining is inseparable from the excavation of underground tunnels. However, with the large-scale mining of coal resources, shallow and middle coal resources are becoming less and less, and many mining areas have entered the deep mining state. As the mining depth of coal mines continues to increase, the required coal pillar width is getting larger and larger, which significantly affects the recovery rate of coal resources. The traditional longwall mining face mining method with section coal pillars has caused a more serious problem of large-scale waste of coal resources. After the mining of the section coal pillars, high stress concentration will be formed after the face mining, resulting in large deformation of the tunnel, which is very likely to cause dynamic disasters such as rock burst, coal and gas outburst, and seriously threaten the safe production of coal mines. Moreover, as the mining depth of the mine increases, the mine pressure increases, the excavation efficiency decreases, the number of excavators increases, and the number of safety hazards increases. Overall, the excavation cost, hidden dangers, and number of employees in coal mines account for 30%-50% of the operating cost, safety risk, and total number of coal mine workers. Therefore, how to optimize the system and process to reduce the excavation of tunnels and the retention of section coal pillars is an important issue for the high-quality development of the coal industry.

[0031] At present, the technology of cutting the top and forming the lane without coal pillars has been applied in some mines, but the effect is not very ideal. There are still many problems in the supporting construction of the panel mining system, the construction process of cutting the top and forming the lane, and the supporting mechanized equipment, which leads to low efficiency of lane construction, slow speed and high cost of lane construction.

[0032] For example, the existing non-pillar coal-cutting self-forming technology has not systematically reorganized the supporting tunnels of the entire panel mining system, and cannot reflect the advantages of replacing the new excavation and recovery tunnels with the cutting of the top. The tunneling speed is slow and the support cost is high. A shared system for equipment transportation and ventilation has not been established. The equipment transportation channel and the air inlet channel need to be adjusted with the continuation of the working face, which will further increase the construction efficiency and implementation difficulty of the mining system. For example, the existing non-pillar coal mining process uses the return air chute of the first mining working face as the transportation chute of the subsequent working face. Therefore, the cross-section of the tunnel needs to meet the requirements of the ventilation and transportation working face installation equipment. In the process of mining each working face, the corresponding cutting of the top self-forming tunnel top and bottom plate height, two side width, and tunnel forming must meet the above requirements to meet the use requirements. A lot of time and cost need to be invested in the processes of repairing the tunnel, setting up support, hardening the bottom plate, and spraying to prevent air leakage. This is bound to lead to problems such as low tunneling construction efficiency, slow tunneling speed, and high tunneling cost, which is not conducive to the promotion of mechanized operation to quickly cut the top and form the tunnel.

[0033] The existing technology of self-forming tunneling by cutting the top of coal pillars without coal pillars is not economical. The unreasonable way of cutting the top of tunneling leads to insufficient falling of the middle and high roof above the tunnel, which prolongs the time and range of dynamic pressure influence, resulting in strong mine pressure in the tunnel of self-forming tunnel by cutting the top. Before tunneling, high-strength support, auxiliary blasting cutting or hydraulic fracturing cutting and other processes are required.

[0034] The existing technology of self-forming tunneling without coal pillars and cutting tops has too complicated tunneling construction process and slow tunneling construction, making it difficult to realize mechanized operation. When the tunneling construction speed is lower than the working face advancement speed, the working face will be shut down to wait for the tunnel to be completed. This will in turn affect the normal production of the mine and deviate from the original intention of high production, high efficiency and high recovery rate of self-forming tunneling without coal pillars.

[0035] The existing supporting equipment for the self-forming tunneling technology without coal pillars is not perfect, and many key links in the tunneling process still need to be implemented manually, resulting in slow tunneling speed and poor tunneling quality. At present, the supports arranged in the tunnels of self-forming tunnels with coal pillars are used to retain the tunnels by increasing the support strength. The tunnel space of the self-forming tunnel with coal pillars without coal pillars is mainly cut out by the coal mining machine with an extended rocker arm, and the cross section cannot meet the use requirements. For example, in the mining process of the working face, the tunnel space of the self-forming tunnel with coal pillars without coal pillars is mainly cut out by the coal mining machine. Because the drum of the coal mining machine is round, it is inevitable that the curved tunnel side will be cut out on the solid coal side of the tunnel. The irregular curved surface has a great impact on the support, support arrangement and other processes, but the existing tunnel repair machine can only straighten the tunnel or expand the tunnel size, but cannot repair the curved tunnel side, and the manual tunnel repair speed is very slow.

[0036] The fully mechanized coal-pillar-free top cutting and self-forming lane technology of the present application is a new coal-pillar-free mining method. It changes the traditional mining process and cleverly uses the upper and lower shear forces of the laneway top cutting support and the roof mine pressure to realize automatic lane formation and retain it to serve the next working face. It uses mine pressure to form laneway space, so that there is no need to excavate lanes and truly realize coal-pillar-free mining. It is conservatively estimated that the coal resource recovery rate can be increased by more than 20%.

[0037] This application eliminates the need for section coal pillars and the excavation process in daily mine production, and the production of the fully-mechanized working face and the cutting of the top to form a lane are integrated and fully mechanized, turning the traditional lane excavation process into a secondary process of the working face production, and the lane formation method is changed from excavation to coal mining machine cutting, thus changing the phenomenon that a fully-mechanized working face production requires multiple excavation teams to excavate to ensure its normal continuation, greatly simplifying the underground production system. The application of this application can effectively solve problems such as waste of coal resources, rock burst in the lane, coal and gas outbursts and other dynamic disasters, and has the advantages of improving the coal recovery rate in the mining area, extending the service life of the mine, reducing the amount of lane excavation work, simplifying the working face connection procedure, etc., and can achieve coal pillar-free, fully mechanized automatic lane formation, greatly improving production efficiency and significantly reducing production costs.

[0038] The system design and layout of the mine plate production in this application establishes a shared system for equipment transportation and ventilation. The lane formed by cutting the top does not serve as an auxiliary transportation lane, which reduces the cross-section of the lane and eliminates the need to lay a concrete floor, thereby greatly reducing the cost of system construction. The lane formed by cutting the top is both the return air and auxiliary transportation lane of the previous working face and the air intake lane of the next working face, realizing the long-term use of one lane of the plate area shared lane and the dual use of one lane of the recovery lane. The utilization rate of the lane is doubled, and the excavation of the recovery lane can be reduced by half, which greatly alleviates the tense situation of mining and excavation in the mine. The layout of the coal pillar-free system can greatly improve the resource recovery rate.

[0039] The present application innovatively utilizes the mine pressure in the goaf, especially the periodic downward pressure, and the upward force of the top cutting line columns of the tunnel cutting support to form shear, cleverly uses the mine pressure to work, so that it can automatically shear into a lane, and utilizes the rock destruction characteristics to achieve integrated operations of working face mining and lane retention, so that the working face can continue to achieve self-mining and self-retention, and the excavation process of daily production is eliminated. The lane formation process is simple, which is conducive to fully mechanized operation and the lane formation speed is fast.

[0040] This application uses a large resistance support to cut the top and retain the lane. By laying a high-supporting top-cutting support in the lane, using periodic pressure to do work, it can use dynamic pressure to quickly cut the top, the lane-forming speed is fast, it is conducive to fully mechanized lane-forming operations, and the lane-forming cost is low. This method of using a large resistance support to cut the top can not only play the role of retaining lane support after mining, but also provide sufficient upward support force, and form a shearing effect with the downward pressure of the roof mine pressure to achieve the purpose of cutting off the top plate of the goaf.

[0041] The lane wall repair and expansion machine matched with this application is organically combined with the end bracket, and moves forward with the advancement of the working face to straighten and flatten the curved lane, reducing the cost of lane construction. When the lane deformation is large, the lane wall repair and expansion machine can also expand the wall to ensure the cross-section requirements of the remaining lane.

[0042] Below, through specific embodiments and combined Figures 1 to 7 To describe the technical solution of this application in detail.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, a panel roadway system is provided, such as Figure 1 As shown, the disk area includes a first mining face 1-1, a subsequent working face 1-2 and a final mining face 1-3 arranged in sequence along a first direction, and the disk area tunnel system includes: a belt transport tunnel 2, located on a side of the first mining face 1-1 away from the subsequent working face 1-2, used for transporting ore and taking in air; a centralized transport tunnel 3, located on a side of the belt transport tunnel 2 away from the first mining face 1-1, spaced apart from the belt transport tunnel 2, used for transporting mining equipment; an eye-cutting main tunnel 4, located on one side of the disk area along the second direction, spaced apart from the The belt conveyor lane 2 is connected to place comprehensive mining equipment and return air, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; the centralized return air lane 5 is located on the side of the final mining working face 1-3 away from the subsequent working face 1-2, and is connected to the eye-cutting main lane 4 for return air; the return air lane 6 is located on the other side of the disk area along the second direction, and is connected to the centralized return air lane 5 for return air; the main transport lane 7 is spaced apart from the return air lane 6, and is connected to the belt conveyor lane 2 and the centralized transport lane 3, and is used to transport mining equipment.

[0044] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, the L1 direction is the first direction, the L2 direction is the second direction, the disk area includes the adjacent first mining working face 1-1, multiple subsequent working faces 1-2 and the final mining working face 1-3, the direction of the hollow arrow in the figure is the mining direction of the working face 1, and the disk area tunnel system includes a belt transport tunnel 2, a centralized transport tunnel 3, an eye cutting main tunnel 4, a centralized return air tunnel 5, a return air tunnel 6 and a main transport tunnel 7.

[0045] The belt conveyor tunnel 2 is located on the side of the first mining working face 1-1 away from the subsequent working face 1-2. A belt conveyor can be placed therein to transport ore and is used as an air intake tunnel.

[0046] Centralized transport lane 3 is located on the side of belt transport lane 2 away from the first mining face 1-1, and is separated from belt transport lane 2 for transporting mining equipment. A lane can be planned and excavated in advance at the panel boundary as centralized transport lane 3 to serve the equipment transportation of the entire panel. The cross section of centralized transport lane 3 must meet the requirements of equipment transportation, and the bottom plate design strength must be large to meet the requirements of long-term use. A standardized and smooth ditch must be set up beside the lane, and the slope must meet 3‰. The cross-sectional size of centralized transport lane 3 is larger than that of belt transport lane 2. The cross-sectional size of centralized transport lane 3 must meet the needs of pedestrians, transportation, ventilation, safety facilities and equipment installation, maintenance, and construction.

[0047] The main tunnel 4 for cutting the eye is located on one side of the panel area along the second direction, connected to the belt transport tunnel 2, and is used to place the fully mechanized mining equipment and return air. The centralized return air tunnel 5 is located on the side of the final mining working face 1-3 away from the subsequent working face 1-2, connected to the main tunnel 4 for cutting the eye, and is used for return air. The return air tunnel 6 is located on the other side of the panel area along the second direction, connected to the centralized return air tunnel 5, and is used for return air. The main transport tunnel 7 is arranged at intervals from the return air tunnel 6, and is connected to the belt transport tunnel 2 and the centralized transport tunnel 3, and is used to transport mining equipment.

[0048] The centralized return air lane 5 is selected according to the size of the panel area. When the panel area is small, the centralized return air lane 5 can be the return lane at the edge of the panel area, or the lane of a working face 1 in the middle of the panel area. When the panel area is large, two working faces 1 can be arranged on both sides of the panel area for production at the same time, and the centralized return air lane 5 of the panel area is arranged in the middle to serve the working faces 1 on both sides.

[0049] By setting up a centralized transport lane 3, when each working face 1 is subsequently mined, the centralized transport lane 3 can be used to transport the working face equipment, without the need to transport the equipment in the return air lane 8 formed by cutting the top into lanes. This can greatly reduce the construction requirements for the return air lane 8, reduce maintenance and support requirements, and reduce the size of the return air lane 8 formed each time. Because the mining working face 1 and the cutting of the top into lanes need to be carried out simultaneously, this can greatly improve the overall work efficiency and reduce costs; and the centralized transport lane 3 is fully utilized. Not only can different working faces 1 share a centralized transport lane 3, but different disk areas can also share a centralized transport lane 3.

[0050] The tunnel system of the panel area has a simple structure and is easy to construct. It can effectively improve the construction efficiency of the top cutting tunnel and reduce the mining cost of the panel area. The system design and layout of the panel area production of the mine has been innovated, and a shared system for equipment transportation and ventilation has been established. The tunnel formed by the top cutting is both the return air and auxiliary transportation tunnel of the previous working face 1 and the air intake and ore transportation tunnel of the next working face 1, realizing the long-term use of one tunnel in the panel area shared tunnel and the dual use of one tunnel in the mining tunnel. The utilization rate of the tunnel is doubled, and the excavation of the mining tunnel can be reduced by half, which greatly alleviates the tense situation of mining and excavation in the mine. The layout of the coal pillar-free system can greatly improve the resource recovery rate; the tunnel formed by the top cutting does not bear the equipment transportation function of the working face 1. The tunnel section and the strength and width of the cement floor only need to meet other functional requirements, which reduces the tunnel section, thereby greatly reducing the system construction cost; it can realize full mechanized top cutting and self-forming tunneling, which greatly speeds up the construction speed of tunneling, reduces personnel input, and reduces safety risks.

[0051] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, a return air lane 8 is formed between adjacent working faces 1 , and the return air lane 8 connects the belt transport lane 2 and the eye cutting main lane 4 .

[0052] The return air lane 8 is a lane formed by the coal pillar-free top cutting lane forming process, which is gradually formed as the mining of the working face 1 proceeds. Figure 1 As shown, one end of the return air lane 8 is connected to the belt conveyor lane 2 of the first mining working face 1-1 along the working face 1, and the other end is connected to the main lane 4 of the cutting eye, so as to realize the connectivity of the air supply and return air systems; the formed return air lane 8 can be used as the return air lane of the current working face 1, and can also be used as the belt conveyor lane 2 of the next working face 1, thus realizing coal pillar-free mining and greatly improving the ore recovery rate.

[0053] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the disk area tunnel system also includes: an auxiliary transport tunnel 9, which is spaced apart from the main transport tunnel 7 and is used for auxiliary transportation of mining equipment; and an eye-cutting auxiliary tunnel 10, which is spaced apart from the eye-cutting main tunnel 4 and is used for auxiliary ventilation.

[0054] like Figure 1As shown, the disk area tunnel system also includes an auxiliary transportation tunnel 9 and an eye-cutting auxiliary tunnel 10. The eye-cutting main tunnel 4 of the disk area can be excavated together with the eye-cutting auxiliary tunnel 10. The eye-cutting main tunnel 4 can be excavated in one go according to the conditions of the tunnel roof, or a small section can be excavated first to meet the needs of pedestrians, transportation, ventilation, etc., and then expanded before the installation of equipment in the later stage.

[0055] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the disk area tunnel system also includes: a main withdrawal channel 12, located at the stop line of the working face 1, close to the transport tunnel, and the stop line is the stop position of the mining of the working face 1; an auxiliary withdrawal channel 13, located between the main withdrawal channel 12 and the auxiliary transport tunnel 9; for mining using the self-opening channel withdrawal process of the coal mining machine 20, the main withdrawal channel 12 and the auxiliary withdrawal channel 13 may not be set, but for mining using the trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle moving and reversing process, two withdrawal channels need to be set for equipment transfer.

[0056] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, a connecting lane 11 is connected between the eye-cutting auxiliary lane 10 and the eye-cutting main lane 4, and a movable damper is provided at the connecting lane 11.

[0057] A connecting tunnel 11 should be set between the main tunnel 4 and the auxiliary tunnel 10 according to the planned cutting length of the working face 1. A movable damper with an adjustable wind window should be set in front of the connecting tunnel 11 to adjust the airflow of the working face 1. After the mining of the working face 1 is completed, the movable damper is moved to the connecting tunnel 11 of the next working face 1, and so on.

[0058] In some embodiments, there are multiple panel areas, and a centralized transport lane 3 is set between adjacent panel areas. For example, a centralized transport lane 3 is set between two panel areas along the first direction, and the working surfaces 1 of the two panel areas can use the centralized transport lane 3 to transport equipment.

[0059] In some embodiments, the length of the panel along the second direction is less than or equal to 3000 m.

[0060] The length of the panel area should not exceed 3,000 meters according to the requirements of water exploration, gas extraction and fire prevention and extinguishing. Because there is a lack of isolation coal pillars between the working faces 1, the goaf areas 18 in the panel area are interconnected. Considering the requirements of fire prevention and extinguishing management, the panel area should not be too long. If there is coal left in the goaf area 18 of a shallowly buried mine, a grouting system can be arranged on the ground, and the pipeline can be introduced into the mine through drilling. The pipeline is arranged at the top cutting and tunneling working face 1 for grouting fire prevention and extinguishing.

[0061] In some embodiments, Figure 1As shown, the main transport tunnel 7 is connected to a water tank 14 and a substation 15, the auxiliary transport tunnel 9 is connected to a refuge chamber 16, and the belt transport tunnel 2 is connected to a remote power supply and liquid supply chamber 17.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present application, a panel mining method is provided, which is applied to the panel mining system described in any of the above embodiments, and the panel mining method includes: using comprehensive mining equipment to mine the first mining working face 1-1, the subsequent working face 1-2 and the final mining working face 1-3 in sequence; before mining each working face 1, using the centralized transport lane 3 to transport the comprehensive mining equipment; in the process of mining each working face 1, using the belt transport lane 2 to transport the mined ore, and forming a return air lane 8 between adjacent working faces 1 by cutting the top into lanes, and the return air lane 8 serves as the return air lane of the current working face 1, and the belt transport lane 2 of the next working face 1.

[0063] The panel mining method utilizes a centralized transport tunnel 3 to transport fully mechanized mining equipment to each working face 1. Thus, the return air tunnel 8 formed by cutting the top of the tunnel can reduce construction requirements and greatly improve construction efficiency.

[0064] In some embodiments, after each working face 1 is mined, the damper is transferred to the next working face 1 .

[0065] The movable air door is moved once after the mining of each working face 1 is completed, and it must be close to the cutting eye of the next working face 1 to facilitate ventilation when the equipment is installed in the next cutting eye.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, a method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars is provided, such as Figure 1 As shown, the panel area includes a plurality of working surfaces 1 arranged along a first direction, such as Figure 2 As shown, the method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars to form a lane includes: during the mining process of the working face 1, a goaf 18 is formed at the rear end of the working face 1, and a cutting support group 19 is set up between the current working face 1 and the next working face 1, and the cutting support group 19 includes a row of first supports 19-1 and a row of second supports 19-2; the first supports 19-1 and the second supports 19-2 are both arranged along the second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the first support 19-1 is arranged close to the goaf 18, the second support 19-2 is arranged close to the next working face 1, and the first support 19-1 and the second support 19-2 are staggered along the first direction; when the length of the cutting support group 19 along the second direction is greater than or equal to the periodic pressure step of the current working face 1, the roof of the goaf 18 corresponding to the current working face 1 is broken, and cooperates with the next working face 1 to form a return air lane 8.

[0067] The technology of cutting the top without coal pillars and forming the lane by itself has been applied in some mines. There are many types of supports arranged in the cutting-top lane, which can be mainly divided into two categories: support supports and gangue retaining supports. Support supports are generally arranged in the lane near the goaf, and mainly play the role of temporary support for the lane side. Single hydraulic supports, double-column unit supports and gantry supports are all support supports. Their support resistance is relatively low, and the upward force of the supports is not enough to form a shearing effect with the downward force of the roof pressure to cut off the roof of the goaf. The dynamic pressure influence area and the stability of the lane cannot be distinguished. High-strength permanent support is required to maintain the stability of the lane. The lane forming speed is slow and the cost of lane forming support is high.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, the present application sets up a top cutting support group 19 between the current working face 1 and the next working face 1. The support can adopt a working face support with strong support resistance, for example, 10000N, including a row of first supports 19-1 and a row of second supports 19-2. The first support 19-1 is arranged close to the goaf 18, and the second support 19-2 is arranged close to the coal seam. The two supports are arranged in a staggered manner. The second support 19-2 strengthens the support resistance of the gap of the first support 19-1. The two groups of supports not only play a role in tunnel support, but also form a strong shear effect with the roof mine pressure. When the top cutting support group 1 When the length of 9 is greater than or equal to the periodic pressure step distance of the working face 1, it can ensure that the roof of the goaf 18 is completely cut off to form the sidewall of the return air lane 8. In this way, dynamic pressure cutting can be achieved without weakening means such as blasting, which has strong safety and high efficiency. The cut roof collapses fully to prevent air leakage in the goaf 18. The existing support will only be set on one side of the goaf 18, and it only plays a supporting role and cannot form a strong shear effect. In addition, weakening means such as blasting will destroy the periodic pressure, so it cannot be used to cut off the roof. The periodic pressure step distance can be calculated according to conventional mining methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0069] The method of cutting the top of the coal without pillars in this panel area is simple and convenient, which can effectively cut the top into the tunnel, with fast speed, sufficient roof collapse and low support cost. The fully mechanized coal-pillar-free dynamic pressure cutting the top into the tunnel construction technology is a reform and innovation of the traditional tunneling technology. It changes from the traditional mining technology to the mining and retention technology, realizes the integrated operation of working face 1 backfilling and tunneling, enables the working face 1 to continue to realize self-mining and self-retention, ensures the balance of mining and excavation, and reduces the excavation rate of 10,000 tons. It greatly simplifies the mine system, and greatly reduces the number of people, costs and hidden dangers in the mine. The innovative use of the self-tunneling construction technology of the top cutting support dynamic pressure cutting, the tunnel side repair and expansion machine repair and expansion of the tunnel space, and the anchor net cable support has a high degree of equipment system integration and a simple construction process, which is conducive to full mechanization and rapid tunneling. The strong top cutting method of the top cutting support ensures that the roof is completely cut off, and the roof of the goaf 18 is completely and fully collapsed, preventing air leakage in the goaf 18. Compared with the layout of working face 1 with coal pillars protecting the lane, the cut-roof lane is located in the area with the lowest stress of the overburden structure, which is conducive to lane maintenance and reduces support costs. The traditional layout method of lane retaining support has been changed, and the dynamic pressure influence area of ​​the lane and the stable zone of the lane can be quickly separated. The lane speed is fast, which is conducive to fully mechanized lane operation and the lane support cost is low. This layout method can not only play the role of delayed temporary support beside the lane of traditional support type support, but also provide sufficient upward support resistance, and form a shearing effect with the downward pressure of the roof mine pressure to achieve the purpose of cutting off the roof of the goaf 18.

[0070] As the working face 1 advances, the coal mining machine 20 cuts out the tunnel space, the tunnel wall repair and expansion machine 22 repairs the tunnel space, and the end support and top cutting support are pushed in a cycle. When the cycle advances to the periodic pressure step, the mine pressure of the goaf 18, especially the downward force of the periodic pressure and the upward force of the top cutting line column of the special top cutting support group 19 are used to form shear, and the mine pressure is cleverly used to make the top plate of the goaf 18 automatically cut off to complete the shearing into a tunnel. The support length of the top cutting support depends on the condition of the top plate.

[0071] In terms of equipment matching, a coal mining machine 20 with an extended rocker arm and an extended scraper conveyor can be used, so that the drum of the coal mining machine 20 can cut solid coal to the outside of the tail working face support to form a curved roadway 8-1. There should be a pedestrian and material transportation space between the first cutting top support at the tail and the roadway, so as to facilitate the replacement of large components of the working face 1 scraper conveyor and coal mining machine 20, and take into account the operation of the roadway repair and expansion machine 22.

[0072] The cutting length of working face 1 should not be too short, so that the production of working face 1 and the operations of laying mesh, networking, anchor support, erecting sheds, moving cutting top supports, tunnel expansion and repair, etc. can be carried out in parallel, so as to realize the integrated operation of mining and tunnel retention of working face 1 and enable working face 1 to achieve self-mining and self-retention.

[0073] The scraper conveyor can also collect the debris from the roadway repair and expansion machine 22. For every two first supports 19-1 near the goaf 18, there is a second support 19-2. The transportation and pedestrian safety passage of the roadway operation section is set in the second support 19-2, which can keep the passage smooth at all times. According to the integrity of the coal seam on site, a distance of 0.5m to 1m is left from the coal seam to the second support 19-2 to facilitate the adjustment of the support and the placement of the roadway repair and expansion machine 22.

[0074] Due to the special working nature of the top cutting support group 19, the stiffness of the top beam of the first support 19-1 must meet the requirements of top cutting. The columns of the top cutting line of the first support 19-1 are not necessarily arranged in correspondence with the columns of the second support 19-2, but the top cutting line columns must be arranged in a line in front and behind. The top cutting columns are used from the second first support 19-1, and the first support 19-1 and the second support 19-2 at the end must be arranged with close top columns to ensure that the top cutting lane is formed by using the cycle to compress and encrypt the top cutting columns to form strong shear. After the top cutting, because the pressure is released, the support strength of the rear scaffolding can be reduced, and compared with the existing blasting method, the gangue is less broken, which can reduce the air leakage in the goaf 18.

[0075] The working face support can be equipped with special transition supports to prevent gangue from flowing. The function of the last first support 19-1 should be conducive to the erection of sheds, laying of closed cloth and nets, and should have side guards and other facilities. The cutting top support should not have the phenomenon of hanging nets or tearing nets.

[0076] The top cutting support group 19 must have an adjustment cylinder to ensure that the lane is in a straight line to meet the installation and use of the belt conveyor of the next working face 1, and the lane must have a laser guide device.

[0077] In some embodiments, along the first direction, the width of the second bracket 19-2 is greater than the width of the first bracket 19-1. For example, along the first direction, the width of the second bracket 19-2 is 2.5m, and the width of the first bracket 19-1 is 2m; along the second direction, the lengths of the first bracket 19-1 and the second bracket 19-2 are both 5m, so that the bracket on the coal seam side can provide a personnel passage, a safe transportation passage, etc.

[0078] In some embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, each of the working faces 1 is mined using a coal mining machine 20, and a working face support group 21 is provided between the coal mining machine 20 and the goaf 18, and the working resistance of a single support of the top cutting support group 19 is greater than or equal to 70% of the working resistance of a single support of the working face support group 21.

[0079] like Figure 3The working face 1 is provided with a double-drum coal mining machine 20, and a working face support group 21 is provided between the coal mining machine 20 and the goaf 18, for example, including a head support, a transition support, a tail support, etc. Figure 4 Shown is a side view of the tail bracket.

[0080] The working resistance of the support bracket of the general tunnel is less than 50% of that of the working face bracket. The top cutting bracket group 19 of this embodiment adopts a super strong resistance bracket, such as Figure 5 As shown, for example, when using working face supports, the support resistance must be greater than or equal to 70% of the working face supports to achieve a strong shearing effect; the supports are equipped with adjustment cylinders to ensure that the supports are arranged in a straight line and the rear alley walls are neat after cutting the top to meet the installation requirements of the next working face 1 belt conveyor.

[0081] In some embodiments, the method for cutting the top of the panel area without coal pillars to form a lane also includes: trimming the lane walls of the return air lane 8, laying meshes, networking and anchoring the top and lane walls of the return air lane 8, and erecting a shed to support the tail of the return air lane 8.

[0082] When the coal mining machine 20 runs to the tail position, the extended rocker arm 22-2 of the coal mining machine 20 extends the front roller to the tail of the scraper conveyor to cut coal, cuts out the tunnel space at the proposed tunnel position and cuts out the curved tunnel side 8-1 on the solid coal side, uses the tunnel side repair and expansion machine 22 to trim the curved tunnel side, and uses the laser guide device to correct the tunnel axis to ensure that the tunnel is straight and the cross-sectional specifications meet the requirements.

[0083] The repaired roadway side and roof shall be meshed and anchored in time. The support strength shall ensure the integrity of the roof and roadway side during the period of dynamic pressure. The roadway support mesh shall be laid in advance in front of the tail end bracket of the machine; the side mesh on the side of the goaf 18 shall adopt double-layer high-strength mesh, which can withstand the impact of the rock in the goaf 18, and a closed cloth shall be laid between the two layers of mesh to reduce air leakage in the goaf 18. For the convenience of operation, the top mesh and the side mesh can be laid separately. According to the integrity of the coal side, the mesh of the coal side can be laid according to the situation, but the side mesh on the side of the goaf 18 must withstand the impact of the rock cutting in the goaf 18.

[0084] After the last first support 19-1 of the cut-top support, a scaffolding and anchor reinforcement support are carried out, and grouting and other measures to prevent air leakage are taken on the side walls of the goaf.

[0085] In some embodiments, the return air retaining lane 8 is provided with a double-layer mesh near the lane wall of the goaf 18. The lane support mesh is laid in advance in front of the bracket at the tail end of the machine. The side mesh near the solid coal may be laid or not depending on the integrity of the coal wall; the side mesh near the goaf 18 must use a double-layer high-strength mesh that can withstand the impact of the rock in the goaf 18, and a wind tube cloth is laid between the two layers of mesh to reduce air leakage in the goaf 18.

[0086] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the front beam of the first support 19-1 close to the goaf 18 is chamfered to prevent the mesh on the side of the tunnel from being torn.

[0087] In some embodiments, the first support 19 - 1 closest to the coal mining machine 20 is not provided with a top cutting column, and the first support 19 - 1 farthest from the coal mining machine 20 is provided with a side guard plate, and the side guard plate is provided close to the goaf 18 .

[0088] A top-cutting support is installed at the end of the working face 1. Its main function is to leave a passage for pedestrians to transport materials safely, especially for the replacement of large parts of the conveyor transmission part and the coal mining machine 20. The function of the first support 19-1 is mainly to cut the top, but the first first support 19-1 does not need to add a top-cutting column to leave space for anchor nets, networking, anchor rods, etc. The anchor rod process is mainly completed in the first first support 19-1, and the first second support 19-2 also needs to leave space for anchor rods and anchor cables. The last first support 19-1 is equipped with a side guard plate to facilitate the erection of a shed.

[0089] In some embodiments, during the process of scaffolding support, the angle between the scaffolding leg and the top beam on the side close to the goaf 18 is 75° to 80°, and the angle between the scaffolding leg and the top beam on the side close to the next working face 1 is 90°.

[0090] The overall support strength of the tunnel shed is low. In principle, it does not bear the impact of the dynamic pressure of the first working face 1. The shed legs can imitate the structure of friction metal pillars or single pillars, so that the roof can be supported in time. The angle between the shed legs and the top beam on the side of the solid coal bank is 90°, and the angle between the shed legs and the top beam on the side of the goaf 18 is 75° to 80° to ensure the support strength. The shed can be recycled and reused, but a layer of sealing cloth and a protective net of tear-proof cloth should be laid when the shed is erected. The cloth should be pressed on the top beam for 1.5 meters, and a rubber strip should be attached to the side and the top plate for sealing. The cloth at the bottom of the shed leg should be folded into a double layer, and a grouting hole should be left every 3 meters to play a sealing role. The overlap between the cloth and the cloth should also be sealed with adhesive.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present application, a panel mining method is provided, which utilizes comprehensive mining equipment to sequentially mine multiple working faces 1 along a first direction. In the process of mining each of the working faces 1, a panel coal pillar-free top cutting and lane forming method as described in any of the above embodiments is utilized to form a return air lane 8, and the return air lane 8 serves as the return air lane of the current working face 1 and the belt transport lane 2 of the next working face 1.

[0092] This panel mining method realizes the integrated operation of backfilling and tunneling of working face 1, so that working face 1 can continuously realize self-mining and self-retention, which is conducive to full mechanized operation, high mining efficiency, strong safety and low mining cost.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present application, a lane side repair and expansion machine 22 is provided, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, it includes: a bottom bracket 22-1; a rocker arm 22-2, which is installed on one side of the bottom bracket 22-1 along the length direction, and the side of the rocker arm 22-2 along the width direction is flush with the side of the bottom bracket 22-1 along the width direction; a spiral drum 22-3, which is installed on one side of the rocker arm 22-2 along the width direction and is arranged toward the outside of the roadway repair and expansion machine 22, and is transmission-connected with the rocker arm 22-2, and is used for cutting the ore located on one side of the bottom bracket 22-1 along the width direction; a reduction box 22-4, which is arranged on the bottom bracket 22-1 and is transmission-connected with the rocker arm 22-2; a motor 22-5, which is arranged on the bottom bracket 22-1 and is transmission-connected with the reduction box 22-4, and is used for controlling the rotation of the spiral drum 22-3; a traction part 22-6, which is located in the middle of the bottom bracket 22-1, and is used to cooperate with the traction chain of the conveyor to move the roadway repair and expansion machine 22 along the working surface 1.

[0094] like Figure 5 As shown, after the working face 1 is mined by the coal mining machine 20, a curved road side 8-1 is formed on the side close to the next working face 1, and a triangular area 8-2 is formed at the top and bottom of the curved road side 8-1. When anchor rods and the like are set in the triangular area 8-2 for support, the support is difficult due to the irregular surface, and the stress is increased, making the roadway structure unstable. However, the cutting part of the existing road repair machine is set in the middle, and the road side cannot be repaired into a plane.

[0095] like Figure 6 As shown, the main body of the roadway repair and expansion machine 22 of the present application is close to half of the coal mining machine 20. The width direction of the roadway repair and expansion machine 22 is the L1 direction, and the length direction is the L2 direction. The roadway repair and expansion machine 22 includes a bottom bracket 22-1, a rocker arm 22-2, a spiral drum 22-3, a reduction box 22-4, a motor 22-5 and a traction part 22-6.

[0096] The motor 22-5 is the power part of the lane ridge expansion machine 22, and it drives the gear transmission through the output shafts at both ends. The motor 22-5 is explosion-proof, and usually adopts stator water cooling to reduce the size of the motor 22-5.

[0097] The traction part 22 - 6 is meshed with the traction chains fixed at both ends of the working surface conveyor through its driving sprocket, so that the lane side repair and expansion machine 22 can move along the working surface 1 . Therefore, the traction part 22 - 6 is the walking mechanism of the lane side repair and expansion machine 22 .

[0098] The reduction box 22-4 transmits the power of the motor 22-5 to the gear of the rocker arm 22-2 after gear reduction, driving the spiral drum 22-3 to rotate.

[0099] The spiral drum 22-3 is the cutting mechanism of the roadway repair and expansion machine 22. The spiral drum 22-3 is welded with an end plate and a spiral blade, on which a pick is installed. The spiral blade loads the coal cut by the pick into the scraper conveyor. In order to improve the coal loading effect of the spiral drum 22-3, an arc-shaped coal baffle can be installed on one side of the drum, which can be turned back and forth 180° according to different coal mining directions.

[0100] The bottom bracket 22-1 is a bottom bracket for fixing and supporting the whole tunnel wall repair and expansion machine 22. It can be set on the trough wall of the scraper conveyor to transfer the ore repaired and expanded, and can also be set on a separate conveying mechanism.

[0101] like Figure 7 As shown, the rocker arm 22-2 and the side of the bottom bracket 22-1 are arranged flush, and the spiral drum 22-3 is arranged perpendicular to the rocker arm 22-2 and faces outward. In this way, when the side of the bottom bracket 22-1 faces the coal wall, the spiral drum 22-3 can face the coal wall side and cut the two triangular areas 8-2 of the curved sidewall 8-1, so that the curved sidewall 8-1 is trimmed into a flat sidewall. This can greatly reduce the support difficulty, reduce the sidewall support stress, and reduce the sidewall support cost.

[0102] The sidewall repair and expansion machine 22 has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. It can effectively straighten the roadway, flatten the sidewall, and reduce the cost of roadway support. Under normal circumstances, the sidewall repair and expansion machine 22 can only cut the triangular area 8-2 left by the coal mining machine 20, but when the working face 1 is running up, in order to ensure that the remaining roadway is in a straight line, the sidewall repair and expansion machine 22 must be used to expand the sidewall to ensure that the remaining roadway is in a straight line. Furthermore, if the coal seam of the working face 1 is thin and the requirements for the use of the roadway section cannot be met, the sidewall repair and expansion machine 22 must be laid to ensure the height of the remaining roadway. The sidewall repair and expansion machine 22 must be connected to the top cutting support by the side end support to ensure its stability. If necessary, a special anchor column can be added to fix it. At the same time, it can be moved forward, backward, left and right by a cylinder or a rack.

[0103] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, a height-adjusting cylinder 22-7 is provided on the bottom bracket 22-1, and one end of the height-adjusting cylinder 22-7 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rocker arm 22-2 for controlling the swing angle of the rocker arm 22-2 so that the spiral drum 22-3 can cut the top triangular area 8-2 or the bottom triangular area 8-2.

[0104] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, a group of tilt adjustment cylinders 22-8 are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the bottom bracket 22-1 along the length direction. The tilt adjustment cylinders 22-8 are used to control the inclination of the bottom bracket 22-1 to meet the cutting requirements when the working surface 1 is uneven along the direction.

[0105] In some embodiments, Figure 6As shown, an electric control box 22-9 is provided at one end of the bottom bracket 22-1 away from the rocker arm 22-2. The electric control box 22-9 is electrically connected to the motor 22-5, the height adjustment cylinder 22-7 and the tilt adjustment cylinder 22-8, and various electric control components are installed inside for various electrical controls and protections of the lane repair and expansion machine 22.

[0106] In addition, in order to reduce the temperature of the motor 22-5 and the traction part 22-6, water can be provided for internal and external spray dust reduction. The cables and water pipes of the lane repair and expansion machine 22 are clamped in the towing cable device and rolled up or unfolded in the cable trough of the working face conveyor.

[0107] The spatial relationship between the front, rear, left, and right mobile equipment of the lane wall repair and expansion machine 22 and the bottom beam of the top cutting support group 19 and the tail of the transport machine of the working face 1 should be coordinated. The electricity used by the tail of the lane wall repair and expansion machine 22, anchor bolt machine, etc. and the lane retention place can also be delivered from behind the working face support column if the cable clamp of the working face 1 is difficult to accommodate.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present application, a panel area mining method is provided, wherein the panel area includes a plurality of working faces 1 arranged along a first direction, and the panel area mining method includes: using comprehensive mining equipment to sequentially mine the plurality of working faces 1 along the first direction, and in the process of mining each of the working faces 1, forming a return air lane 8 between adjacent working faces 1 by cutting the top into lanes, and using the lane wall repair and expansion machine 22 as described in the first aspect above to repair the lane wall of the return air lane 8 close to the next working face 1.

[0109] The sidewalls formed by the coal mining machine 20 cutting the working face 1 can be repaired by the sidewall repair and expansion machine 22 to straighten the roadway, reduce the support stress, reduce the support cost, and reduce the cost of retaining the roadway. When the return air lane 8 is deformed greatly and the lane height cannot meet the requirements of the roadway section, the sidewall repair and expansion machine 22 can also lie down to ensure the height of the retained roadway.

[0110] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, during the process of mining each of the working faces 1 by the comprehensive mining equipment, a curved sidewall 8-1 is formed at the sidewall of the return air retaining sidewall 8 close to the next working face 1, and the top and bottom of the curved sidewall 8-1 are a triangular area 8-2. The sidewall repairing and expanding machine 22 is used to cut the triangular area 8-2 so that the curved sidewall 8-1 is repaired into a flat sidewall.

[0111] In some embodiments, the disk area mining method also includes: laying mesh, networking and anchoring support on the repaired return air tunnel, which can reduce the difficulty of support. After the curved tunnel side 8-1 is repaired, the tunnel side support is carried out in time, and the side support material uses high-strength cuttable fiberglass anchors and plastic nets to facilitate rapid cutting of the subsequent working face 1-2 recovery.

[0112] In some embodiments, during the process of the lane side repair and expansion machine 22 repairing the return air lane 8 , the lane side repair and expansion machine 22 moves along the mining direction of the working face 1 .

[0113] Since there are two triangular areas 8-2 above and below the lane formed by the cutting of the coal mining machine 20, and when the working face 1 moves up and down, the straightness of the lane is poor, which affects the use of the belt conveyor of the next working face 1. In order to ensure that the remaining lane is in a straight line, the lane wall repair and expansion machine 22 is used to expand the lane to ensure that the remaining lane is in a straight line. When the thickness of the working face 1 is less than the preset height of the return air lane 8, for example, 3m, the lane wall repair and expansion machine 22 is controlled to cut the ore downward to increase the height of the lane. When the width of the working face 1 is less than the preset width, for example, 100m, the lane wall repair and expansion machine 22 is controlled to cut the ore along the first direction to increase the width of the working face 1. The length of the lane wall repair and expansion machine 22 is, for example, 7.9m, the width is, for example, 1.2m, and the height is, for example, 2.0m, and there is no specific limitation.

[0114] It should be noted that the above describes some embodiments of the present application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0115] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present application (including the claims) is limited to these examples. In line with the concept of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the embodiments of the present application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0116] In addition, to simplify the description and discussion, and in order not to make the embodiment of the present application difficult to understand, the known power supply / ground connection with other components may or may not be shown in the provided drawings. In addition, the device can be shown in the form of a block diagram to avoid making the embodiment of the present application difficult to understand, and this also takes into account the following fact, that is, the details of the implementation method of these block diagram devices are highly dependent on the platform to be implemented in the embodiment of the present application (that is, these details should be completely within the scope of understanding of those skilled in the art). In the case of elaborating specific details to describe the exemplary embodiments of the present application, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiment of the present application can be implemented without these specific details or when these specific details are changed. Therefore, these descriptions should be considered to be illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0117] Although the present application has been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present application, many replacements, modifications and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art based on the foregoing description. The present application embodiments are intended to encompass all such replacements, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars to form a lane, characterized in that: The panel area includes a plurality of working faces arranged along a first direction, and the panel area coal pillar-free top cutting and lane forming method includes: During mining of the working face, a goaf is formed at the rear end of the working face, and a top cutting support group is set up between the current working face and the next working face, wherein the top cutting support group includes a row of first supports and a row of second supports; the first supports and the second supports are both set along a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the first support is set close to the goaf, the second support is set close to the next working face, and the first supports and the second supports are staggered along the first direction; When the length of the top cutting support group along the second direction is greater than or equal to the periodic pressure step of the current working face, the roof of the goaf corresponding to the current working face breaks, and cooperates with the next working face to form a return air lane.

2. The method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Along the first direction, the width of the second bracket is greater than the width of the first bracket.

3. The method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Along the first direction, the width of the second bracket is 2.5 m, and the width of the first bracket is 2 m; along the second direction, the lengths of the first bracket and the second bracket are both 5 m.

4. The method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each working face is mined by a coal mining machine, a working face support group is provided between the coal mining machine and the goaf, and the working resistance of a single support of the top cutting support group is greater than or equal to 70% of the working resistance of a single support of the working face support group.

5. The method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: The sides of the return air retaining lane are repaired, the top and sides of the return air retaining lane are meshed, networked and anchored, and the tail of the return air retaining lane is supported by a shed.

6. The method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A double-layer mesh is arranged on the side of the return air retaining lane close to the goaf.

7. The method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The first bracket is provided with a chamfer on the front beam close to the goaf.

8. The method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The first support closest to the coal mining machine is not provided with a top cutting column, and the first support farthest from the coal mining machine is provided with a side guard plate, and the side guard plate is provided close to the goaf.

9. The method for cutting the top of a panel area without coal pillars according to claim 5 is characterized in that: During the process of supporting the scaffold, the angle between the scaffold legs and the top beam on the side close to the goaf is 75° to 80°, and the angle between the scaffold legs and the top beam on the side close to the next working surface is 90°.

10. A panel mining method, characterized in that: include: Multiple working faces along the first direction are mined in sequence using comprehensive mining equipment. In the process of mining each of the working faces, a return air lane is formed by the panel area pillar-free top cutting and lane formation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9. The return air lane serves as the return air lane of the current working face and the belt transport lane of the next working face.

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