Device for measuring methane emission of ruminant rumen

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ruminant rumen methane emission determination, in particular to a ruminant rumen methane emission determination device and method, the ruminant rumen methane emission determination device comprises a permeation tube, a gas collection pipeline and a gas collection tank, the permeation tube comprises a nut, a filter disc, a permeation membrane, a gasket and a tube body, and an external thread is arranged outside one end of the nut; the pipe body is in a hollow cylinder shape, one end is closed, the other end is open and is provided with internal threads, the nut is spirally connected with the pipe body, and the filter disc, the permeable membrane and the gasket are sequentially arranged at one end, close to the nut, in the pipe body; the gas collecting pipeline comprises a gas collecting pipe, a filter, a stainless steel capillary tube, a first gas collecting pipe and a connector, the first gas collecting pipe is connected with the filter through the stainless steel capillary tube, the first gas collecting pipe is connected with the connector, and the connector can be directly connected with the gas collecting tank. And the problem of high price of a methane measuring device can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of measuring rumen methane emission of ruminants, and in particular to a measuring device for rumen methane emission of ruminants. Background Art

[0002] Climate change is destroying the natural and human systems that people rely on to maintain their health. Methane, the second largest greenhouse gas causing global warming, has a global warming potential 83 times that of carbon dioxide on a 20-year time scale. With the continuous increase in the world's population and animal population and the high-quality development of industrialization and mechanization, the corresponding CH4 emissions continue to increase, which will inevitably accelerate global warming and aggravate its threat to human health. 16% of global CH4 emissions come from ruminants, and about 73% of CH4 emissions in agricultural production come from livestock. Methane produced by gastrointestinal fermentation of ruminants not only causes 2%-12% feed energy waste, but is also the main source of CH4 emissions from agricultural production. Therefore, reducing CH4 emissions from the intestines of ruminant livestock is an important part of helping my country achieve the "dual carbon" and other goals, and it is also an important focus for promoting my country's agricultural modernization and high-quality sustainable development. However, how to accurately measure CH4 emitted by ruminants is the primary condition for achieving methane emission reduction, especially the measurement of CH4 emissions from different varieties of ruminants based on my country's actual situation.

[0003] Among the methods for measuring methane in ruminants, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer technology can be used for free grazing and housed animals and has attracted much attention at home and abroad, and is widely used in many scientific studies. The technology was originally proposed and used by Zimmerman (Zimmerman PR. System for measuring metabolic gas emissions from animals: US Patent 5, 265, 618 [P]. 1993-11-30.) and Johnson (Johnson K, Huyler M, Westberg H, et al. Measurement of methane emissions from ruminant livestock using a sulfurhexafluoride tracer technique [J]. Environmental science & technology, 1994, 28 (2): 359-362.). After years of use and improvement, various ruminant methane collection devices manufactured based on this principle are available, but most of the device accessories are still mass-produced by foreign countries, and the import tariffs on their goods double the production cost of the device. With the vigorous development of my country's animal husbandry and the growing strength of scientific and technological innovation, manufacturing a device that is low-cost, high-efficiency and can accurately measure ruminant methane emissions in our own country can not only provide scientific and technological support for my country's future greenhouse gas assessment, but also greatly enhance my country's innovation driving force. To this end, we proposed a device for measuring rumen methane emissions in ruminants to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a measuring device for rumen methane emission of ruminants, the measuring device comprising an infiltration tube, an air collection pipeline, an air collecting tank, an infiltration tube feeding gun, a water ring vacuum pump and an air tank backpack, the infiltration tube comprising a nut 1, a filter disc 2, a permeable membrane 3, a gasket 4 and a tube body 5, one end of the nut 1 is provided with an external thread on the outside; the tube body 5 is in a hollow cylindrical shape, one end is closed, the other end is open, and is provided with an internal thread, the nut 1 and the tube body 5 are spirally connected, the filter disc 2, the permeable membrane 3 and the gasket 4 are sequentially placed in the tube body 5 near the end of the nut 1; the air collection pipeline comprises an air collecting pipe 6, a filter 7, a stainless steel capillary 8, a first An air collecting pipe 9, a second air collecting pipe 10 and a joint 11, the filter 7 and the first air collecting pipe 9 are connected through a stainless steel capillary 8, the first air collecting pipe 9 is connected to the joint 11, the joint 11 can be directly connected to the air collecting tank 12, the infiltration tube feeding gun includes a gun head 14, a gun barrel 15, a telescopic gun handle 16 and a gun core 17, the outside of one end of the gun head 14 is provided with an external thread; the gun barrel is hollow, and one end is provided with an internal thread, the gun head 14 and the gun barrel 15 are spirally connected, the gun core 17 is placed in the gun barrel 15, one end of the telescopic gun handle 16 is connected to the gun barrel 15, and the other end is connected to the gun core 17; the infiltration tube is placed in the gun head 14.

[0005] The first air collecting pipe 9 and the second air collecting pipe 10 are connected via a reducer, and a connector 11 is connected to the end of the second air collecting pipe 10 , and the connector 11 can be directly connected to the air collecting tank 12 .

[0006] Preferably, the outer diameter of the tube body 5 is 10-15 mm; the inner diameter is 4-9 mm, the inner hole depth of the tube body 5 is 20-40 mm, and the height of the permeation tube is 25-45 mm.

[0007] Preferably, the tube body 5 and the nut 1 are both made of brass, the filter disc 2 is sintered stainless steel, the permeable membrane 3 is a Teflon membrane, and the gasket 4 is a nylon gasket.

[0008] Preferably, the release rate of SF6 of the permeation tube at 39°C is 0.6-15 mg / d.

[0009] Preferably, the first air collecting pipe 9 and the joint 11 are also directly connected to the second air collecting pipe 10 .

[0010] Preferably, the gas collecting tank 12 is made of a PVC pipe, closed at both ends by plugs, 30-50 cm long and 5-10 cm in diameter, and is used to store gas collected from the mouth and nose of the animal.

[0011] Preferably, a stainless steel needle valve 13 is provided on the gas collecting tank 12 .

[0012] Preferably, the gas collecting tank 12 is also provided with an independent water ring vacuum pump and a gas tank backpack on the outside, so as to facilitate the vacuuming of the gas collecting tank and fix it on the back of the animal.

[0013] Preferably, the gas collecting pipe 6 is Y-shaped; a plurality of small holes are provided at the top of the Y for collecting gas from the animal's nose and mouth, and a plurality of small holes are provided, and when some of the small holes are blocked, other small holes can continue to collect gas without affecting the gas collection process.

[0014] Preferably, the stainless steel capillary 8 and the first air collecting tube 9 are both spiral-shaped, so as to be easily stretched according to the body size of the animal.

[0015] Preferably, the inner diameter of the gun tip 14 is 12-17 mm, and the length of the gun tip 14 is 27-47 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the length of the gun barrel 15 is 60-100 cm.

[0017] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring methane using the device for measuring methane emission from the rumen of ruminants, the steps comprising:

[0018] (1) preparing a permeation tube filled with sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas and having a stable SF6 release rate;

[0019] (2) using an osmotic tube feeding gun to place the osmotic tube into the rumen of the experimental ruminant;

[0020] (3) After the experimental ruminants have been adapted for at least 3 days, use the gas collection device to start collecting gases, including background gas and experimental animal gas samples;

[0021] (4) Use a vacuum pump to evacuate the gas collecting tank and check for leaks. Install the gas collecting pipeline and gas collecting tank on the head, neck and back of the test animal in sequence;

[0022] (5) Open the needle valve of the gas collecting tank and start collecting gas; after the gas collection is completed, close the valve of the gas collecting tank, disconnect the connection with the gas collection pipeline, replace the new gas collecting tank, and repeat the cycle until the test is completed;

[0023] (6) Connect the gas collecting tank that has collected the gas sample to the nitrogen bottle and fill it with nitrogen until the pressure in the gas collecting tank is positive. After standing for 1 hour, extract the gas and measure its SF6 and CH4 concentrations. Calculate the CH4 emission rate of the test animal according to the corresponding calculation formula.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a measuring device for rumen methane emission of ruminants, the permeation tube contained in the measuring device has a larger SF6 gas loading capacity, a longer sustained release time, is more convenient and quick to operate, reduces the weight error caused by wear during twisting, has better sealing, higher gas filling efficiency, and a smoother appearance, which reduces the degree of harm to animals during feeding; the measuring device can accurately measure the methane discharged from the rumen of ruminants, and can solve the problem of the high price of the methane measuring device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A permeation tube for a device for measuring rumen methane emissions in ruminants

[0026] Figure 2 A permeation tube for a device for measuring rumen methane emissions in ruminants

[0027] Figure 3 An air collection pipeline for a device for measuring rumen methane emission in ruminants

[0028] Figure 4 A gas collecting tank for a device for measuring rumen methane emission in ruminants

[0029] Figure 5 A permeation tube feeding gun for a ruminant rumen methane emission measurement device Note: 1. Nut; 2. Filter; 3. Permeation membrane; 4. Washer; 5. Tube body; 6. Gas collecting tube; 7. Filter; 8. Stainless steel capillary; 9. First gas collecting tube; 10. Second gas collecting tube; 11. Connector; 12. Gas collecting tank; 13. Needle valve; 14. Gun head; 15. Gun barrel; 16. Telescopic gun handle; 17. Gun core DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0032] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] Example 1: A device for measuring methane emissions from cattle rumen

[0034] like Figure 1-5As shown, the present invention provides a measuring device for rumen methane emission of ruminants, the measuring device comprises a permeation tube, an air collection pipeline, a gas collecting tank, a permeation tube feeding gun, a water ring vacuum pump and a gas tank backpack, the permeation tube comprises a nut 1, a filter 2, a permeable membrane 3, a gasket 4 and a tube body 5, the outer side of one end of the nut 1 is provided with an external thread; the tube body 5 is in a hollow cylindrical shape, one end is closed, the other end is open, and is provided with an internal thread, the nut 1 and the tube body 5 are spirally connected, the filter 2, the permeable membrane 3 and the gasket 4 are sequentially placed in the tube body 5 near the end of the nut 1; the collecting The air pipeline includes an air collecting pipe 6, a filter 7, a stainless steel capillary 8, a first air collecting pipe 9, a second air collecting pipe 10 and a connector 11. The filter 7 and the first air collecting pipe 9 are connected by the stainless steel capillary 8, the first air collecting pipe 9 and the second air collecting pipe 10 are connected by a reducer, the end of the second air collecting pipe 10 is connected with a connector 11, and the connector 11 can be directly connected to the air collecting tank 12. The infiltration tube feeding gun includes a gun head 14, a gun barrel 15, a telescopic gun handle 16 and a gun core 17. The outer side of one end of the gun head 14 is provided with an external thread; the gun barrel is hollow, and one end is provided with an internal thread. The gun head 14 and the gun barrel 15 are spirally connected, the gun core 17 is placed in the gun barrel 15, one end of the telescopic gun handle 16 is connected to the gun barrel 15, and the other end is connected to the gun core 17, the outer diameter of the tube body 5 is 15mm; the inner hole diameter is 9mm, the inner hole depth of the tube body 5 is 40mm, the height of the permeation tube is 45mm, the tube body 5 and the nut 1 are both made of brass, the filter disc 2 is sintered stainless steel, the permeable membrane 3 is a Teflon membrane, the gasket 4 is a nylon gasket, and the release rate of SF6 of the permeation tube at 39°C is 15mg / d The gas collecting tank 12 is made of PVC pipe, closed by plugs at both ends, 50cm long and 10cm in diameter, and is used to store gas collected from the mouth and nose of animals. A stainless steel needle valve 13 is provided on the gas collecting tank 12. An independent water ring vacuum pump and a gas tank backpack are also provided on the outside of the gas collecting tank 12, which is convenient for vacuuming the gas collecting tank and fixing it on the back of the animal. The gas collecting pipe 6 is Y-shaped; a plurality of small holes are provided at the top of the Y to collect gas from the nose and mouth of the animal, and a plurality of small holes are provided. After some of the small holes are blocked, the other small holes can continue to collect gas without affecting the gas collection process. The stainless steel capillary 8 and the first gas collecting pipe 9 are both spiral-shaped, which are convenient for stretching according to the size of the animal; the inner diameter of the gun head 14 is 17mm, and the length of the gun head 14 is 47mm; the length of the gun barrel 15 is 100cm.

[0035] Embodiment 2: A device for measuring methane emission from sheep rumen

[0036] like Figure 1-5As shown, the present invention provides a measuring device for sheep rumen methane emission, the measuring device comprises a permeation tube, an air collection pipeline, a gas collecting tank, a permeation tube feeding gun, a water ring vacuum pump and a gas tank backpack, the permeation tube comprises a nut 1, a filter 2, a permeable membrane 3, a gasket 4 and a tube body 5, one end of the nut 1 is provided with an external thread on the outside; the tube body 5 is in a hollow cylindrical shape, one end is closed, the other end is open, and is provided with an internal thread, the nut 1 and the tube body 5 are spirally connected, the filter 2, the permeable membrane 3 and the gasket 4 are sequentially placed in the tube body 5 near one end of the nut 1; the air collection pipeline comprises a gas collecting pipe 6, a filter 7, a stainless steel capillary 8 and a first gas collection pipe 9, a second gas collection pipe 10, the filter 7 and the first gas collection pipe 9 are connected by the stainless steel capillary 8, the first gas collection pipe 9 and the second gas collection pipe 10 are connected by a reducer, the end of the second gas collection pipe 10 is connected with a joint 11, and the joint 11 can be directly connected to the gas collecting tank 12. The permeation tube feeding gun comprises a gun head 14, a gun barrel 15, a telescopic gun handle 16 and a gun core 17. The gun head 14 is provided with an external thread on one end; the gun barrel is hollow and provided with an internal thread on one end. The gun head 14 and the gun barrel 15 are spirally connected. The gun core 17 is placed in the gun barrel 15. One end of the telescopic gun handle 16 is connected to the gun barrel 15, and the other end is connected to the gun core 17. The outer diameter of the tube body 5 is 10 mm; the inner hole diameter is 4 mm, the inner hole depth of the tube body 5 is 20 mm, and the height of the permeation tube is 25 mm. The tube body 5 and the nut 1 are both made of brass, the filter disc 2 is sintered stainless steel, the permeation membrane 3 is a Teflon membrane, and the gasket 4 is a nylon gasket. The release rate of SF6 of the permeation tube at 39°C is 0.6 mg / d. The gas collecting tank 12 is made of PVC pipe, closed by plugs at both ends, 30cm long and 5cm in diameter, and is used to store the gas collected from the mouth and nose of the animal. A stainless steel needle valve 13 is provided on the gas collecting tank 12. An independent water ring vacuum pump and a gas tank backpack are also provided on the outside of the gas collecting tank 12, which is convenient for vacuuming the gas collecting tank and fixing it on the back of the animal. The gas collecting pipe 6 is Y-shaped; a plurality of small holes are provided at the top of the Y to collect the gas from the nose and mouth of the animal, and a plurality of small holes are provided. After some of the small holes are blocked, the other small holes can continue to collect gas without affecting the gas collection process. The stainless steel capillary 8 and the first air collecting pipe 9 are both spiral-shaped, which are convenient for stretching according to the size of the animal; the inner diameter of the gun head 14 is 12mm, and the length of the gun head 14 is 27mm; the length of the gun barrel 15 is 60cm.

[0037] Example 3: Usage

[0038] The method for measuring methane using the rumen methane emission measuring device of ruminants comprises the following steps:

[0039] (1) preparing a permeation tube filled with sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas and having a stable SF6 release rate;

[0040] (2) using an osmotic tube feeding gun to place the osmotic tube into the rumen of the experimental ruminant;

[0041] (3) After the experimental ruminants have been adapted for at least 3 days, use the gas collection device to start collecting gases, including background gas and experimental animal gas samples;

[0042] (4) Use a vacuum pump to evacuate the gas collecting tank and check for leaks. Install the gas collecting pipeline and gas collecting tank on the head, neck and back of the test animal in sequence;

[0043] (5) Open the needle valve of the gas collecting tank and start collecting gas; after the gas collection is completed, close the valve of the gas collecting tank, disconnect the connection with the gas collection pipeline, replace the new gas collecting tank, and repeat the cycle until the test is completed;

[0044] (6) Connect the gas collecting tank that has collected the gas sample to the nitrogen bottle and fill it with nitrogen until the pressure in the gas collecting tank is positive. After standing for 1 hour, extract the gas and measure its SF6 and CH4 concentrations. Calculate the CH4 emission rate of the test animal according to the following corresponding calculation formula:

[0045]

[0046] Where: CH4 and SF6 represent the rumen CH4 emission rate (g / d) and the permeation tube SF6 release rate (mg / d), respectively; CH4(sample) is the CH4 concentration of the sample, in ppm (Note: 1ppm CH4 = 7.14×10 -4 g / m 3 CH4); SF6(sample) is the SF6 concentration of the sample, in ppt (Note: 1ppt SF6 = 6.518×10 -9 g / m 3 SF6); 16.04 and 146.06 are the molecular weights of CH4 and SF6 respectively; 1000 is the unit conversion factor.

[0047] Calculation example:

[0048] Experimental animal number: No. 1

[0049] SF6 release rate from permeation tube: 6.95 mg / d

[0050] Gas concentration in the sample: CH4 = 1.42ppm SF6 = 10.82ppt

[0051] Rumen CH4 emission rate: CH4 (g / d) = 6.95*(1.42 / 10.82)*16.04 / 146.06*1000 = 100.17

[0052] In summary, the present invention provides a measuring device for rumen methane emissions of ruminants. The permeation tube contained in the measuring device has a larger SF6 gas loading capacity, a longer sustained release time, and is more convenient and quick to operate. It reduces the weight error caused by wear during twisting, has better sealing, higher gas filling efficiency, and a smoother appearance, which reduces the degree of damage to animals during feeding. The measuring device can accurately measure the methane discharged from the rumen of ruminants, and can solve the problem of the high price of methane measuring devices.

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these embodiments are made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring rumen methane emission in ruminants, characterized in that: The measuring device comprises a permeation tube, an air collecting pipeline, an air collecting tank, a permeation tube feeding gun, a water ring vacuum pump and an air tank backpack. The permeation tube comprises a nut (1), a filter disc (2), a permeable membrane (3), a gasket (4) and a tube body (5). The outer portion of one end of the nut (1) is provided with an external thread; the tube body (5) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, one end of which is closed and the other end is open and provided with an internal thread. The nut (1) and the tube body (5) are spirally connected. The filter disc (2), the permeable membrane (3) and the gasket (4) are sequentially placed in the tube body (5) near one end of the nut (1); the air collecting pipeline comprises a gas collecting pipe (6), a filter (7), a stainless steel capillary (8), a first air collecting pipe (9), a second air collecting pipe (10) and a joint (11), the filter (7) and the first air collecting pipe (9) are connected through a stainless steel capillary (8), the first air collecting pipe (9) is connected to the joint (11), and the joint (11) is directly connected to the air collecting tank (12); the infiltration tube feeding gun comprises a gun head (14), a gun barrel (15), a telescopic gun handle (16) and a gun core (17), and an external thread is arranged on the outside of one end of the gun head (14); the gun barrel (15) is hollow and an internal thread is arranged on one end, the gun head (14) and the gun barrel (15) are spirally connected, the gun core (17) is placed in the gun barrel (15), one end of the telescopic gun handle (16) is connected to the gun barrel (15), and the other end is connected to the gun core (17).

2. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein The outer diameter of the tube body (5) is 10-15 mm; the inner diameter is 4-9 mm, the inner hole depth of the tube body (5) is 20-40 mm, and the height of the permeation tube is 25-45 mm.

3. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein The tube body (5) and the nut (1) are both made of brass, the filter disc (2) is sintered stainless steel, the permeable membrane (3) is a Teflon membrane, and the gasket (4) is a nylon gasket.

4. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein The release rate of SF6 of the permeation tube at 39°C is 0.6-15 mg / d.

5. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein The first air collecting pipe (9) and the joint (11) are also directly connected to the second air collecting pipe (10).

6. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein The gas collecting tank (12) is made of a PVC pipe, closed at both ends by plugs, 30-50 cm long and 5-10 cm in diameter. A stainless steel needle valve (13) is provided on the gas collecting tank (12). A water ring vacuum pump and an independent gas tank backpack are also provided outside the gas collecting tank (12).

7. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein The gas collecting pipe (6) is Y-shaped; a plurality of small holes are arranged at the top of the Y.

8. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein The stainless steel capillary tube (8) and the first air collecting tube (9) are both spiral-shaped.

9. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein The inner diameter of the gun head (14) is 12-17 mm, the length of the gun head (14) is 27-47 mm, and the length of the gun barrel (15) is 60-100 cm.

10. A method for measuring methane using the device for measuring methane emission from the rumen of ruminants according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing the permeation tube as claimed in claim 1, wherein the permeation tube is filled with SF6 gas and has a stable SF6 release rate; (2) using an osmotic tube feeding gun to place the osmotic tube into the rumen of the experimental ruminant; (3) After the experimental ruminants have been adapted for at least 3 days, use the gas collection device to start collecting gases, including background gas and experimental animal gas samples; (4) Use a vacuum pump to evacuate the gas collecting tank and check for leaks. Install the gas collecting pipeline and gas collecting tank on the head, neck and back of the test animal in sequence; (5) Open the needle valve of the gas collecting tank and start collecting gas; after the gas collection is completed, close the valve of the gas collecting tank, disconnect the connection with the gas collection pipeline, replace the new gas collecting tank, and repeat the cycle until the test is completed; (6) Connect the gas collecting tank that has collected the gas sample to the nitrogen bottle and fill it with nitrogen until the pressure in the gas collecting tank is positive. After standing for 1 hour, extract the gas and measure its SF6 and CH4 concentrations. Calculate the CH4 emission rate of the test animal according to the corresponding calculation formula.

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