Building layout evaluation method, device and equipment based on wind heat environment simulation and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a building layout evaluation method and device based on wind heat environment simulation, equipment and a medium. The method comprises the steps that multiple to-be-evaluated building layouts and wind heat environment evaluation indexes are acquired; calling a preset building layout evaluation model, and carrying out weight distribution on the wind-heat environment evaluation indexes corresponding to the to-be-evaluated building layout by adopting an entropy weight method so as to determine the weight of each wind-heat environment evaluation index; and a Topsis model is adopted to determine a score value of each to-be-evaluated building layout according to the weight of each wind-heat environment evaluation index, and the to-be-evaluated building layout with the highest score value is selected as the optimal building layout of the wind-heat environment. According to the method, the building layout selection efficiency and accuracy can be remarkably improved, and a solid theoretical foundation is laid for accurate selection of the building layout.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of simulation analysis, and in particular to a building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation, a corresponding device, an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] As people's requirements for the quality of living environment continue to increase, the evaluation of the comfort and safety of the wind-heat environment has become increasingly important. Traditionally, people's evaluation of the wind-heat environment has relied on subjective feelings or simple measurements of meteorological parameters, such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed. Although these methods are simple and easy to use, they often lack comprehensiveness and accuracy, and it is difficult to truly reflect the comfort level of the living environment.

[0003] In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology and the development of research in related fields, wind-heat environment evaluation technology has been significantly improved and upgraded. Among them, CFD simulation technology, as a numerical simulation method, is widely used in the fields of architecture and urban planning. Through CFD simulation, environmental factors such as wind speed, temperature, and radiation around the building can be simulated and analyzed in detail, providing strong support for the comprehensive evaluation of the wind-heat environment.

[0004] CFD simulation technology is based on the basic principles of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. It simulates the flow and heat transfer process of fluid around the building by numerically solving fluid dynamics equations and energy equations. This technology can take into account the comprehensive influence of multiple factors such as building form, material properties, meteorological conditions, etc., and provide detailed information such as wind speed distribution, temperature distribution and radiation distribution. This information is of great significance for understanding and improving the wind heat environment.

[0005] In traditional wind and heat environment evaluation, it is common to use single-point or limited-point meteorological data for measurement and analysis. These data usually come from weather stations or handheld measuring instruments, which have limitations and timeliness. In addition, traditional evaluation methods often ignore the interaction between environmental factors and the comprehensive influence of human thermal sensation, resulting in one-sided and misleading evaluation results.

[0006] To sum up, the existing technology of using single-point or limited-point meteorological data for measurement and analysis has limitations and timeliness, and the traditional evaluation methods often ignore the interaction between environmental factors and the comprehensive influence of human thermal sensation, resulting in the evaluation results being one-sided and misleading. This application makes corresponding explorations in order to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation, a corresponding device, an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium.

[0008] In order to meet the various objectives of this application, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation is proposed to meet one of the purposes of this application, including:

[0010] In response to the building layout evaluation instruction, a plurality of building layouts to be evaluated and wind-heat environment evaluation indicators are obtained, wherein the wind-heat environment evaluation indicators include any multiple items of average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, comfortable wind speed area ratio, comfortable temperature area ratio, and suitable thermal comfort index area ratio of the building layout to be evaluated in the dot matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result;

[0011] Calling a preset building layout evaluation model, and using an entropy weight method to weight the wind-heat environment evaluation index corresponding to the building layout to be evaluated, so as to determine the weight of each wind-heat environment evaluation index;

[0012] The Topsis model is used to determine the score of each building layout to be evaluated according to the weights of the various wind-heat environment evaluation indicators, and the building layout to be evaluated with the highest score is selected as the building layout with the optimal wind-heat environment to complete the evaluation of the building layout.

[0013] Optionally, the step of determining the average wind speed and the average temperature comprises:

[0014] Obtaining the sum of wind speed data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, the sum of temperature data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, and the number of point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result;

[0015] calculating a first ratio between a sum of wind speed data in a grid within a plane that determines the CFD simulation result and the number of grids within the plane that determines the CFD simulation result to determine the average wind speed;

[0016] A second ratio between the sum of the temperature data in the point array within the plane determining the CFD simulation result and the number of the point array within the plane determining the CFD simulation result is calculated to determine the average temperature.

[0017] Optionally, the expression of the thermal comfort index value is:

[0018] UTCI=0.84Ta+0.246Tmrt-2.45V+0.204Vp-0.01,

[0019] Among them, UTCI represents the thermal comfort index value, Ta is the air temperature of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result, Tmrt is the local average radiation temperature, V is the wind speed of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result, and Vp is the water vapor pressure;

[0020] The expression of the mean radiation temperature includes:

[0021] Average radiation temperature = [(Tg + 273.15) 4 +2.47*10 8 *V 0.6 *(Tg-Ta)] 0.25 -273.15,

[0022]

[0023] Among them, Ta is the air temperature of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result, V is the wind speed of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result, and S0 is the radiation of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result.

[0024] Optionally, the step of determining an average thermal comfort index comprises:

[0025] Obtain the sum of thermal comfort index data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result;

[0026] A third ratio between the sum of the thermal comfort index data in the point array within the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of the point array within the plane of the CFD simulation result is calculated to determine an average thermal comfort index.

[0027] Optionally, the step of determining the proportion of comfortable wind speed areas, the proportion of comfortable temperature areas, and the proportion of suitable thermal comfort index areas includes:

[0028] Obtain the sum of the number of comfortable wind speed data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, the sum of the number of comfortable temperature data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, the number of suitable thermal comfort data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, and the number of point matrices in the plane of the CFD simulation result;

[0029] Calculating a fourth ratio between the sum of the number of comfortable wind speed data in the point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of the point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result to determine the proportion of the comfortable wind speed area;

[0030] calculating a fifth ratio between the sum of the number of comfortable temperature data in the point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of the point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result to determine the comfortable temperature area ratio;

[0031] A sixth ratio between the number of suitable thermal comfort data in a point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of point matrices within the plane of the CFD simulation result is calculated to determine the area ratio of the suitable thermal comfort index.

[0032] Optionally, the comfortable wind speed ranges from 1.6 to 5.4 m / s, the comfortable temperature ranges from 17 to 21°C, and the suitable thermal comfort index ranges from 9 to 26.

[0033] Optionally, the basic network architecture of the building layout evaluation model is an entropy weight TOPSIS model.

[0034] A building layout evaluation device based on wind-heat environment simulation is provided to meet another purpose of the present application, comprising:

[0035] An evaluation index acquisition module is configured to respond to a building layout evaluation instruction and acquire a plurality of building layouts to be evaluated and wind-heat environment evaluation indexes, wherein the wind-heat environment evaluation indexes include any multiple items of average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, comfortable wind speed area ratio, comfortable temperature area ratio, and suitable thermal comfort index area ratio of the building layout to be evaluated in a dot matrix in a plane of a CFD simulation result;

[0036] An evaluation index weight determination module is configured to call a preset building layout evaluation model, and use an entropy weight method to weight the wind-heat environment evaluation index corresponding to the building layout to be evaluated, so as to determine the weight of each wind-heat environment evaluation index;

[0037] The building layout evaluation module is configured to use the Topsis model to determine the score value of each building layout to be evaluated according to the weights of the various wind-heat environment evaluation indicators, and select the building layout to be evaluated with the highest score value as the building layout with the optimal wind-heat environment to complete the evaluation of the building layout.

[0038] An electronic device provided to meet another purpose of the present application includes a central processing unit and a memory, wherein the central processing unit is used to call and run a computer program stored in the memory to execute the steps of the building layout assessment method based on wind-heat environment simulation described in the present application.

[0039] A computer-readable storage medium is provided to meet another purpose of the present application, which stores a computer program implemented according to the building layout evaluation method based on wind-thermal environment simulation in the form of computer-readable instructions. When the computer program is called and executed by a computer, the steps included in the corresponding method are executed.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present application aims at the limitations and timeliness of the prior art in using single-point or limited-point meteorological data for measurement and analysis, and the traditional evaluation methods often ignore the interaction between environmental factors and the comprehensive influence of human thermal sensation, resulting in the evaluation results being one-sided and misleading. The present application includes but is not limited to the following beneficial effects:

[0041] First, a building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation provides a building layout evaluation method based on CFD wind-heat simulation. This method not only takes into account the comprehensive influence of multiple environmental factors, but also reflects the data of wind speed, radiation and temperature at the pedestrian height plane, providing important basis and guidance for urban planning and architectural design.

[0042] Secondly, the present application can comprehensively consider the influence of various wind and thermal environment evaluation indicators, such as the average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, proportion of comfortable wind speed areas, proportion of comfortable temperature areas and proportion of suitable thermal comfort index areas of the building layout to be evaluated, which significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of building layout selection and lays a solid theoretical foundation for the accurate selection of building layout. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0044] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a wind field diagram of a CFD simulation result in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a grid diagram of a CFD simulation result in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a mesh quality diagram of a CFD simulation result in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wind-heat environment of a building area based on CFD simulation in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of data processing performed by the GAMA platform in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a principle block diagram of a building layout evaluation device based on wind-heat environment simulation in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the computer device in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present application.

[0053] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless expressly stated, the singular forms "one", "said", and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of the present application refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or their groups. It should be understood that when the present application states that an element is "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it may be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be an intermediate element. In addition, the "connection" or "coupling" used herein may include wireless connection or wireless coupling. The term "and / or" used herein includes all or any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0054] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with those in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings unless specifically defined as here.

[0055] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the "client", "terminal" and "terminal device" used herein include both devices with wireless signal receivers, which are devices with only wireless signal receivers without transmission capabilities, and devices with receiving and transmitting hardware, which are devices with receiving and transmitting hardware capable of two-way communication on a two-way communication link. Such devices may include: cellular or other communication devices such as personal computers, tablet computers, which have single-line displays or multi-line displays or cellular or other communication devices without multi-line displays; PCS (Personal Communications Service, personal communication system), which can combine voice, data processing, fax and / or data communication capabilities; PDA (Personal Digital Assistant, personal digital assistant), which may include a radio frequency receiver, pager, Internet / intranet access, web browser, notepad, calendar and / or GPS (Global Positioning System, global positioning system) receiver; conventional laptop and / or palmtop computers or other devices, which have and / or include a conventional laptop and / or palmtop computer or other device with and / or including a radio frequency receiver. The "client", "terminal" and "terminal device" used herein may be portable, transportable, installed in a vehicle (air, sea and / or land), or suitable for and / or configured to run locally, and / or in a distributed form, at any other location on the earth and / or in space. The "client", "terminal" and "terminal device" used herein may also be a communication terminal, an Internet terminal, a music / video playing terminal, for example, a PDA, a MID (Mobile Internet Device) and / or a mobile phone with a music / video playing function, or a smart TV, a set-top box and other devices.

[0056] The hardware referred to by the names such as "server", "client", and "service node" in this application is essentially an electronic device with the equivalent capabilities of a personal computer. It is a hardware device with the necessary components revealed by the von Neumann principle, such as a central processing unit (including an arithmetic unit and a controller), a memory, an input device, and an output device. The computer program is stored in its memory, and the central processing unit calls the program stored in the external memory into the internal memory for execution, executes the instructions in the program, and interacts with the input and output devices to complete specific functions.

[0057] It should be pointed out that the concept of "server" referred to in this application can also be extended to the case of server clusters. According to the network deployment principle understood by those skilled in the art, the servers should be logically divided. In physical space, these servers can be independent of each other but can be called through interfaces, or integrated into a physical computer or a set of computer clusters. Those skilled in the art should understand this flexibility, and should not use it to restrict the implementation of the network deployment method of this application.

[0058] Unless expressly specified, one or more technical features of the present application can be deployed on a server for implementation and accessed by a client through a remote call to obtain an online service interface provided by the server, or can be directly deployed and run on a client for access.

[0059] The neural network models referenced or may be referenced in this application, unless expressly specified, can be deployed on a remote server and remotely called on the client, or can be deployed and directly called on a client with sufficient device capabilities. In some embodiments, when it runs on the client, its corresponding intelligence can be obtained through transfer learning to reduce the requirements for the client's hardware operating resources and avoid excessive occupation of the client's hardware operating resources.

[0060] Unless explicitly specified, the various data involved in this application can be stored remotely on a server or on a local terminal device, as long as it is suitable for being called by the technical solution of this application.

[0061] Those skilled in the art should be aware that, although the various methods of the present application are described based on the same concept and thus present commonality to each other, unless otherwise specified, these methods can be independently executed. Similarly, for each embodiment disclosed in the present application, they are all proposed based on the same inventive concept, therefore, concepts with the same expression, and concepts that are appropriately changed for convenience despite different expressions, should be understood as equivalent.

[0062] Unless the mutually exclusive relationship between the embodiments to be disclosed in this application is explicitly stated, the relevant technical features involved in each embodiment can be cross-combined to flexibly construct a new embodiment, as long as such combination does not deviate from the creative spirit of this application and can meet the needs of the prior art or solve certain deficiencies in the prior art. Those skilled in the art should be aware of this flexibility.

[0063] The building layout assessment method based on wind-heat environment simulation of the present application can be implemented based on CFD model and GAMA platform. CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) model is a numerical tool used to simulate and analyze the flow behavior of fluid (gas or liquid); GAMA platform is an open source multi-agent modeling and simulation environment, which aims to provide a flexible and powerful tool to create, simulate and analyze complex multi-agent systems.

[0064] In some embodiments, the target area is modeled so that the blockage ratio of the windward side of the simulation area is below 3%, and a structured grid is used with a minimum grid length of 0.2 meters to ensure the accuracy of the simulation.

[0065] In some embodiments, the CFD model parameter simulation settings of the present application include:

[0066] Solver settings: Select the pressure-based solver, set the velocity format to absolute, and select steady state for time. Such settings can ensure the stability and accuracy of the solution;

[0067] Turbulence model selection: Use the Standard model in k-epsilon, and the wall function uses the standard wall function. This model can better simulate the turbulent flow in the building environment;

[0068] Radiation model selection: Select the P1 model and select solar ray tracing in the solar radiation load. This setting can more realistically simulate the impact of solar radiation on the building environment;

[0069] Air model selection: The boussinesq model is selected, and the expansion coefficient is 0.0033. This model can consider the effect of air density changes on flow;

[0070] Boundary condition settings: In the inlet and outlet settings, select velocity-inlet type for the inlet and outflow type for the outlet. The walls are all set to stationary walls, and the shear condition is no-slip. These settings are consistent with actual physical conditions and can ensure the authenticity of the simulation;

[0071] Solver method selection: SIMPLE is selected, the gradient is Least Squares Cell Based, the pressure is PRESTO!, the momentum, turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent dissipation rate, and energy are all Second Order Upwind, and the pseudo-time method is Off. These methods can speed up the solution and improve the solution accuracy.

[0072] Sub-relaxation factor settings: In the solver solution control, the sub-relaxation factor settings are pressure 0.3, density 1, body force 1, momentum 0.7, turbulent kinetic energy 0.5, turbulent dissipation rate 0.5, turbulent viscosity 1, energy 1, and P1 1. These settings can ensure the stability and convergence of the solution process;

[0073] Residual monitor settings: continuity is 1e-04, x-velocity, y-velocity, and z-velocity are all 1e-06, energy is 1e-07, and k, epsilon, and P1 are all 1e-06. These settings can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results.

[0074] Based on the above exemplary scenarios, please refer to Figures 1 to 6 In one embodiment, the building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation of the present application includes:

[0075] Step S10, responding to the building layout evaluation instruction, obtaining multiple building layouts to be evaluated and wind-heat environment evaluation indicators, wherein the wind-heat environment evaluation indicators include any multiple items of the average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, comfortable wind speed area ratio, comfortable temperature area ratio, and suitable thermal comfort index area ratio of the building layout to be evaluated in the dot matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result;

[0076] The GAMA platform in the computer terminal device can respond to the building layout evaluation instruction to obtain multiple building layouts to be evaluated and wind-heat environment evaluation indicators, wherein the wind-heat environment evaluation indicators include any multiple items of the average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, comfortable wind speed area ratio, comfortable temperature area ratio, and suitable thermal comfort index area ratio of the building layout to be evaluated in the dot matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result;

[0077] Specifically, this application extracts wind speed, radiation and temperature data at a pedestrian height of 1.5 meters, including cloud map distribution and point data analysis, and then imports the data into the GAMA platform for subsequent data statistics and indicator calculations. The GAMA platform is an open source multi-agent modeling and simulation environment that aims to provide a flexible and powerful tool for creating, simulating and analyzing complex multi-agent systems.

[0078] In some embodiments, the CFD simulation result is a 3D area. Plane data of 1.5m (pedestrian height) is obtained from this 3D area for analysis to analyze data such as wind speed, temperature and radiation related to people. The plane of the CFD simulation result contains multiple grids, and a grid contains one or more dot matrices. Wind speed, temperature and radiation are the core elements for evaluating the comfort of wind-heat environment. The thermal comfort index (UTCI) is an important evaluation index that incorporates radiation factors, and the thermal comfort index (UTCI) also has a comfort range for reference evaluation. Therefore, this application uses the thermal comfort index (UTCI) instead of the radiation index. The setting of the evaluation index includes average wind speed, average temperature, average UTCI, comfortable wind speed area ratio, comfortable temperature area ratio and comfortable UTCI area ratio. Through these evaluation indicators, this application can measure the impact of building layout on environmental comfort and provide a basis for subsequent comprehensive evaluation. The following are the definitions of various wind-heat environment evaluation indicators:

[0079] Average wind speed: This indicator is obtained by collecting and analyzing wind speed data in the wind farm and calculating its average value. The average wind speed reflects the overall level of wind speed in the wind farm and is an important basis for evaluating the comfort of the wind environment and the potential for wind energy utilization.

[0080] Average temperature: This indicator is obtained by collecting and analyzing the temperature data in the temperature field and calculating its average value. The average temperature reflects the overall temperature level of the thermal environment and is the basis for evaluating thermal comfort;

[0081] Average thermal comfort index (UTCI): The thermal comfort index (UTCI) is a comprehensive index that takes into account the impact of multiple factors such as air temperature, humidity, wind speed and radiation on human thermal sensation. It provides a standard to evaluate thermal comfort under different climatic conditions;

[0082] Proportion of comfortable wind speed area: This indicator measures the proportion of the area within the wind-heat simulation study area where the wind speed is within the comfortable range for human body, that is, 1.6 to 5.4 m / s (including 1.6-3.3 m / s for gentle wind and 3.4-5.4 m / s for breeze) to the total area of ​​the study area. The definition of the comfortable wind speed range is based on the official data of the China Meteorological Administration, which ensures the accuracy of the assessment.

[0083] Comfortable temperature area ratio: This indicator is used to measure the ratio of the area in the wind-heat simulation study area where the temperature is in the most comfortable range for human body, i.e. 17-21℃, to the total area of ​​the study area. The comfortable temperature range is determined based on the official data provided by the China Meteorological Administration, which ensures the accuracy of the assessment.

[0084] Proportion of areas with suitable thermal comfort index (UTCI): This indicator reflects the ratio of the area within the study area where the comfort index (UTCI) value is within the range of human comfort, that is, 9 to 26, to the total area of ​​the study area. This comfort range is defined based on the data and standards provided by the UTCI official website. This range is considered to be the ideal range for human comfort in outdoor environments.

[0085] In some embodiments, the comfortable wind speed ranges from 1.6 to 5.4 m / s, the comfortable temperature ranges from 17 to 21° C., and the suitable thermal comfort index ranges from 9 to 26.

[0086] In some embodiments, the expression of the thermal comfort index value is:

[0087] UTCI=0.84Ta+0.246Tmrt-2.45V+0.204Vp-0.01,

[0088] Among them, UTCI represents the thermal comfort index value, Ta is the air temperature of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result, Tmrt is the local average radiation temperature, V is the wind speed of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result, and Vp is the water vapor pressure;

[0089] The expression of the mean radiation temperature includes:

[0090] Average radiation temperature = [(Tg + 273.15) 4 +2.47*10 8 *V 0.6 *(Tg-Ta)] 0.25 -273.15,

[0091]

[0092] Among them, Ta is the air temperature of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result, V is the wind speed of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result, and S0 is the radiation of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result.

[0093] The average radiation is calculated as:

[0094]

[0095] Further, the steps of determining the average wind speed and the average temperature include:

[0096] Step S101, obtaining the sum of wind speed data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, the sum of temperature data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, and the number of point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result;

[0097] Step S102, calculating a first ratio between the sum of wind speed data in a point matrix in a plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of point matrices in the plane of the CFD simulation result to determine the average wind speed;

[0098] Step S103: Calculate a second ratio between the sum of the temperature data in the point array within the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of the point array within the plane of the CFD simulation result to determine the average temperature.

[0099] Specifically, the sum of wind speed data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, the sum of temperature data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, and the number of point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result are obtained;

[0100] The calculation formula of the average wind speed is:

[0101]

[0102] The calculation formula for the average temperature is:

[0103]

[0104] Further, the steps of determining the average thermal comfort index include:

[0105] Step S1001, obtaining the sum of thermal comfort index data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result;

[0106] Step S1002: Calculate a third ratio between the sum of the thermal comfort index data in the point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of the point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result to determine an average thermal comfort index.

[0107] Specifically, the calculation formula of the average thermal comfort index is:

[0108]

[0109] Furthermore, the steps of determining the proportion of comfortable wind speed areas, the proportion of comfortable temperature areas, and the proportion of suitable thermal comfort index areas include:

[0110] Step S1100, obtaining the sum of the number of comfortable wind speed data in the dot matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, the sum of the number of comfortable temperature data in the dot matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, the number of suitable thermal comfort data in the dot matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, and the number of dot matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result;

[0111] Step S1200, calculating a fourth ratio between the sum of the number of comfortable wind speed data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result to determine the proportion of the comfortable wind speed area;

[0112] Step S1300, calculating a fifth ratio between the sum of the number of comfortable temperature data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result to determine the proportion of the comfortable temperature area;

[0113] Step S1400, calculating and determining a sixth ratio between the number of suitable thermal comfort data in a point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of points within the plane of the CFD simulation result, so as to determine the area proportion of the suitable thermal comfort index.

[0114] Specifically, the calculation formula for the comfortable wind speed area ratio is:

[0115]

[0116] Among them, the comfortable wind speed range is 1.5-5.4m / s.

[0117] The calculation formula for the proportion of comfortable wind speed area is:

[0118]

[0119] Among them, the comfortable temperature range is 17-21℃;

[0120] The calculation formula of the thermal comfort index (UTCI) regional proportion is:

[0121]

[0122] Among them, the range of thermal comfort index (UTCI) is 9 to 26.

[0123] Step S20, calling a preset building layout evaluation model, and using an entropy weight method to assign weights to the wind-heat environment evaluation indicators corresponding to the building layout to be evaluated, so as to determine the weights of each wind-heat environment evaluation indicator;

[0124] After obtaining the wind-heat environment evaluation indicators such as the average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, proportion of comfortable wind speed areas, proportion of comfortable temperature areas and proportion of suitable thermal comfort index areas of the building layout to be evaluated in the dot matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation results, the preset building layout evaluation model is called, and the entropy weight method is used to assign weights to the wind-heat environment evaluation indicators corresponding to the building layout to be evaluated, so as to determine the weights of each wind-heat environment evaluation indicator; the basic network architecture of the building layout evaluation model is the entropy weight TOPSIS model.

[0125] In some embodiments, in the comprehensive evaluation process, the present application uses the entropy weight TOPSIS mathematical model, which combines the entropy weight method and the TOPSIS method. The entropy weight method is used to first determine the weights of various evaluation indicators, and then the TOPSIS method is used to rank and evaluate these indicators. This comprehensive evaluation method can more scientifically measure the pros and cons of different schemes. The present application uses this model to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of various building layouts. Prior to this, in order to ensure the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the evaluation, the present application has extracted a series of evaluation indicators that can fully demonstrate the characteristics of the wind-heat environment of various building layouts.

[0126] Specifically, the entropy weight method is used to assign weights to the wind-heat environment evaluation indicators corresponding to the building layout to be evaluated, and the weights corresponding to the average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, comfortable wind speed area ratio, comfortable temperature area ratio and suitable thermal comfort index area ratio are determined. The entropy weight method is used to assign weights to multiple sets of simulated building layout wind-heat environment indicators. In this process, different building layouts are regarded as independent evaluation objects, and the basis for evaluation is the six key indicators of average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index (UTCI), and the regional ratio of comfortable wind speed, comfortable temperature and comfortable UTCI. According to this framework, the evaluation data of a single building layout can be organized into a 1×6 matrix; accordingly, for n different building layouts, this application can construct an n×6 comprehensive evaluation matrix.

[0127]

[0128] In order to conduct further analysis, this application needs to perform positive and normalization processing on the constructed n×6 evaluation matrix. In the positive processing stage, this application uses different processing methods for different types of indicators. For positive indicators, that is, those indicators with larger values ​​indicating better effects, this application directly retains their original data without any processing:

[0129] z′ ij =x ij ,

[0130] For negative indicators, that is, those indicators whose smaller values ​​indicate better effects, this application uses the following formula to convert them. After this processing, negative indicators become positive indicators:

[0131]

[0132] For moderate indicators, that is, those that are effective only within a certain range, such as the average wind speed must be 1.6-5.4m / s to be comfortable. First, determine the comfortable range [a, b] of these indicators, and then use the following formula to positively convert them:

[0133]

[0134] In the set evaluation index system, the ideal state of indicators such as average wind speed, average temperature and average UTCI is to approach a certain range to ensure the comfort of the environment. For such indicators, this application uses a moderate indicator formula to ensure the accuracy and objectivity of the evaluation results. On the other hand, the proportion of comfortable wind speed areas, the proportion of comfortable temperature areas, and the proportion of comfortable UTCI areas are positive indicators, that is, the higher the values ​​of these indicators, the better the comfort. Therefore, for such positive indicators, this application does not require additional processing, and its original data is directly used for subsequent standardization.

[0135] The resulting forward matrix is ​​as follows:

[0136]

[0137] Then, the present application normalizes the forward matrix. The present application uses the square root sum method to normalize, and the expression is:

[0138]

[0139] The resulting normalized and standardized matrix Z is as follows:

[0140]

[0141] Then, this application needs to calculate the proportion of the value of the i-th object under the j-th indicator to the indicator P ij , whose expression is:

[0142]

[0143] The entropy value E of the jth indicator j , whose expression is:

[0144]

[0145] And the coefficient of difference G of the jth indicator j , whose expression is:

[0146] G j =1-E j ,

[0147] Thus, the weight W of the jth indicator is calculated j , whose expression is:

[0148]

[0149] Finally, the weight W under different parameter schemes is obtained, and its expression is:

[0150] W=[ω1 ω2 ω3 ω4 ω5 ω6],

[0151] The corresponding weights of the average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, comfortable wind speed area ratio, comfortable temperature area ratio and suitable thermal comfort index area ratio can be determined by the above expressions, which can be used for the subsequent wind and heat environment assessment of each building layout.

[0152] Step S30: Use the Topsis model to determine the score of each building layout to be evaluated according to the weight of each wind-heat environment evaluation index, and select the building layout to be evaluated with the highest score as the building layout with the best wind-heat environment to complete the evaluation of the building layout.

[0153] The entropy weight method is used to assign weights to the wind-heat environment evaluation indicators corresponding to the building layout to be evaluated, so as to determine the corresponding weights of the average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, proportion of comfortable wind speed areas, proportion of comfortable temperature areas and proportion of suitable thermal comfort index areas. Then, the Topsis model is used to determine the score value of each building layout to be evaluated according to the weights of each wind-heat environment evaluation indicator, and the building layout to be evaluated with the highest score is selected as the building layout with the optimal wind-heat environment to complete the evaluation of the building layout.

[0154] In some embodiments, TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) is a mathematical model for multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). It is used to evaluate and rank alternative solutions to determine the best choice based on their proximity to the ideal solution and the anti-ideal solution. The TOPSIS method is based on the following principle: the best solution is the one that is closest to the ideal solution and farthest from the negative ideal solution, that is, the building layout solution with the best wind and heat environment.

[0155] Furthermore, after defining the weights W corresponding to the average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, proportion of comfortable wind speed areas, proportion of comfortable temperature areas, and proportion of suitable thermal comfort index areas, the TOPSIS model is used to determine the score of each building layout, thereby obtaining a building layout with a better wind and heat environment.

[0156] The method of using the TOPSIS model to determine the score value of each building layout to be evaluated according to the weights of the wind-heat environment evaluation indicators includes:

[0157] First, construct the weighted matrix, which is to multiply the standardized matrix Z with the corresponding weight to obtain Z′.

[0158]

[0159] Then, the positive and negative ideal solutions are determined, where the positive ideal solution is the maximum value of each column of the weighted matrix, and the negative ideal solution is the minimum value of each column of the weighted matrix.

[0160] Positive ideal solution:

[0161]

[0162] Negative ideal solution:

[0163]

[0164] The Euclidean distance is then used to calculate the distance between the proposed building layout and the positive and negative ideal solutions.

[0165]

[0166] Finally, the relative closeness of each solution is calculated using the negative ideal solution distance.

[0167] Relative closeness:

[0168]

[0169] Among them, S i The range is between 0 and 1. This index is the score of different building layouts. The larger the index is, the farther away from the negative ideal solution is. Then S i The larger the building layout, the better the wind-heat environment effect.

[0170] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the solution that is closest to the ideal solution and farthest from the negative ideal solution is selected, that is, the building layout solution with the best wind-heat environment.

[0171] In some embodiments, the present application uses the summer in a certain place as a research background to simulate the architectural environment of the village in the city. The buildings in the village in the city are mostly low-rise and multi-story. Therefore, the present application selects representative building floors, namely one, three and six floors, and sets the building height parameters to 3 meters, 9 meters and 18 meters accordingly. Considering the actual situation of a large population and small land in a certain place, the building density of the village in the city is generally high, and the distance between buildings is narrow. In order to simulate this environment more realistically, the present application selects 1 meter, 2 meters, 4 meters, 6 meters and 8 meters as the parameters of the building spacing. Among them, the spacing of 6 meters and 8 meters represents the scene of a road between two buildings. In terms of the building base area, the present application sets a square area of ​​90 square meters as the basis for simulation. Such a setting is consistent with the common building base scale of the village in the city, and is also convenient for accurate CFD simulation analysis. So there are 15 sets of building model parameters for CFD simulation. In order to be closer to the actual climate conditions, the present application uses the meteorological data of a typical day in summer in a certain place for simulation. A typical summer day was chosen because it represents extremely hot conditions. By evaluating the wind-heat environment of the building layout under such extreme conditions, it can be ensured that the building layout evaluated under normal conditions has better wind-heat performance. In the specific settings of the simulation, this application sets the time to 12 noon, the temperature to 31 degrees Celsius, the wind speed to 2.8m / s, and the relative humidity to 80%.

[0172] Furthermore, the plane of the CFD simulation results contains multiple grids, and a grid contains one or more dot matrices. Wind speed, temperature and radiation are the core elements for evaluating the comfort of the wind-heat environment. The thermal comfort index (UTCI) is an important evaluation index that incorporates the radiation factor, and the thermal comfort index (UTCI) also has a comfort range for reference evaluation. Therefore, this application uses the thermal comfort index (UTCI) instead of the radiation index. The setting of the evaluation index includes average wind speed, average temperature, average UTCI, proportion of comfortable wind speed areas, proportion of comfortable temperature areas and proportion of comfortable UTCI areas. Through these evaluation indicators, this application can measure the impact of building layout on environmental comfort and provide a basis for subsequent comprehensive evaluation. The following are the definitions of various wind-heat environment evaluation indicators:

[0173] Average wind speed: This indicator is obtained by collecting and analyzing wind speed data in the wind farm and calculating its average value. The average wind speed reflects the overall level of wind speed in the wind farm and is an important basis for evaluating the comfort of the wind environment and the potential for wind energy utilization.

[0174] Average temperature: This indicator is obtained by collecting and analyzing the temperature data in the temperature field and calculating its average value. The average temperature reflects the overall temperature level of the thermal environment and is the basis for evaluating thermal comfort;

[0175] Average thermal comfort index (UTCI): The thermal comfort index (UTCI) is a comprehensive index that takes into account the impact of multiple factors such as air temperature, humidity, wind speed and radiation on human thermal sensation. It provides a standard to evaluate thermal comfort under different climatic conditions;

[0176] Proportion of comfortable wind speed area: This indicator measures the proportion of the area within the wind-heat simulation study area where the wind speed is within the comfortable range for human body, that is, 1.6 to 5.4 m / s (including 1.6-3.3 m / s for gentle wind and 3.4-5.4 m / s for breeze) to the total area of ​​the study area. The definition of the comfortable wind speed range is based on the official data of the China Meteorological Administration, which ensures the accuracy of the assessment.

[0177] Comfortable temperature area ratio: This indicator is used to measure the ratio of the area in the wind-heat simulation study area where the temperature is in the most comfortable range for human body, that is, 17 to 21°C, to the total area of ​​the study area. The comfortable temperature range is determined based on the official data provided by the China Meteorological Administration, which ensures the accuracy of the assessment;

[0178] Proportion of areas with suitable thermal comfort index (UTCI): This indicator reflects the ratio of the area within the study area where the comfort index (UTCI) value is within the range of human comfort, that is, 9 to 26, to the total area of ​​the study area. This comfort range is defined based on the data and standards provided by the UTCI official website. This range is considered to be the ideal range for human comfort in outdoor environments.

[0179] Further, in an embodiment of the present application, the present application constructs an array-type building model for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The model consists of 36 single buildings, each of which has a square building base with an area of ​​90 square meters and a height of 3, 9, and 18 meters. These single buildings have a spacing of 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 meters in the horizontal and vertical directions, forming 15 sets of inputs for the building model.

[0180] In order to ensure the accuracy of wind field simulation in CFD simulation, this application sets the wind field calculation domain of the model. Specifically, the distance between the air inlet and the walls and top of the two sides of the model and the outermost building is set to 5 times the building height. This setting ensures that the wind field can fully develop before flowing into the building array, avoiding the influence of boundary effects on the simulation results. At the same time, the distance between the air outlet and the outermost building is set to 10 times the building height to ensure that the wind field has enough space to dissipate after flowing out of the building array, thereby more realistically simulating the actual wind field environment. Through the above settings, this application constructs an array building model that conforms to the actual building layout and meets the requirements of wind field simulation, providing a solid foundation for subsequent CFD simulations.

[0181] Further, after constructing the model, the present invention uses ICEM CFD to perform structural division of the grid. The advantage of this software in dividing the grid is that it can divide the structured grid and improve the accuracy of the grid. In order to simulate the flow field more carefully and evaluate the results of the simulation, the present invention sets the length of the minimum grid to 0.2m, the expansion rate of the wall to 1.3, and the expansion rate in the flow field to 1.15, wherein ICEM CFD (Integrated Computational Environment for Meshing Computational Fluid Dynamics) is a professional software developed by ANSYS for generating high-quality computational fluid dynamics (CFD) grids. ICEM CFD is particularly suitable for CFD simulations that require complex grid generation. It supports structured, unstructured and hybrid grid types, and can handle various complex geometric shapes.

[0182] The minimum length of the grid is set to 0.2 meters, mainly based on the following two considerations:

[0183] 1. Setting the minimum length of the grid to 0.2 meters helps to more accurately capture subtle changes in the flow field, including velocity, pressure distribution, etc. This is because a smaller grid can discretize the simulation domain more finely, thereby better resolving fluid dynamics phenomena.

[0184] 2. The grid size has a significant impact on the simulation results. If the grid is too large, the calculation results may be distorted and cannot accurately reflect the actual situation of the flow field. On the contrary, appropriately reducing the grid size can improve the resolution of the calculation and make the simulation results closer to the actual observation value. It should be noted that too small a grid will also increase the calculation burden and simulation time, so it is necessary to find a balance between calculation accuracy and calculation efficiency.

[0185] For example, in a scenario where the distance between buildings is 8 meters, 0.2 meters is selected as the minimum grid length, and the BiGeometric grid division method is used, and the expansion rate is set to 1.3. Under such settings, the 8-meter horizontal distance is divided into 16 grid cells. Each grid cell is used as an independent data point. Through simulation calculation, detailed information of these 16 data points can be obtained, including key parameters such as wind speed, wind pressure, flow direction, radiation, and temperature.

[0186] In summary, by reasonably setting the minimum length of the grid to 0.2 meters, the flow field details can be fully captured while ensuring the calculation accuracy, providing accurate and reliable data support for building wind environment simulation.

[0187] Furthermore, after the grid construction is completed, the present invention uses fluent software to perform computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. To ensure the stability of the simulation process and the accuracy of the results, the following parameter settings are made:

[0188] Solver settings: Select the pressure-based solver and use pressure as the main variable to solve the problem to ensure the stability of the solution process. Set the velocity format to absolute velocity to directly describe the fluid velocity. Select steady state for time to simulate the flow field under steady state.

[0189] Turbulence model and wall function: The Standard model in the k-epsilon model is used, which performs well in simulating turbulent flow in the building environment. The wall function uses the standard wall function to deal with the flow characteristics of the near-wall area.

[0190] Radiation model: The P1 model is used for radiation simulation, which is suitable for radiation transfer problems in building environments. The sun ray tracing function is enabled in the solar radiation load to more realistically simulate the impact of solar radiation on the building environment.

[0191] Air model: The boussinesq model is used to describe the effect of air density changes on the flow, where the expansion coefficient is set to 0.0033.

[0192] Boundary conditions: The inlet is set to velocity-inlet type to specify the velocity distribution at the inlet. The outlet is set to outflow type to allow the fluid to flow freely out of the simulation area. The walls are all set to stationary walls, and the shear condition is no-slip to conform to the actual physical situation.

[0193] Solver method and discretization scheme: The solver scheme uses SIMPLE algorithm, which performs well in solving pressure-velocity coupling problems. The gradient calculation uses the Least Squares Cell Based method to improve the calculation accuracy. The pressure discretization uses the PRESTO! format, which has advantages in dealing with pressure gradients. The discretization of momentum, turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent dissipation rate and energy all uses the Second Order Upwind format to improve the calculation accuracy and stability. The pseudo-time method is set to Off because time changes do not need to be considered when simulating steady-state flow fields.

[0194] Sub-relaxation factor: In the solver solution control, appropriate sub-relaxation factors are set to ensure the stability and convergence of the solution process. The specific settings are: pressure 0.3, density 1, body force 1, momentum 0.7, turbulent kinetic energy 0.5, turbulent dissipation rate 0.5, turbulent viscosity 1, energy 1, and P1 1.

[0195] Residual monitor: The present invention sets a strict residual monitor to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results. The specific settings are as follows: continuity is 1e-04, x-velocity, y-velocity, z-velocity are all 1e-06, energy is 1e-07, k, epsilon and P1 are all 1e-06.

[0196] Iterations: 5000 iterations were selected for simulation to minimize the residual range and obtain more accurate simulation results. Such an iteration number setting helps to ensure sufficient convergence of the solution process and stability of the results.

[0197] Furthermore, in the simulation result extraction link, the present invention uses CFD-post software. This software has a post-processing function and can generate intuitive and detailed cloud map output for key parameters such as wind speed, temperature and radiation. In order to be closer to the actual application scenario, the present invention specially selects a plane of 1.5m (pedestrian height) as the analysis object. Through this perspective, the distribution of image data at various positions on the plane can be clearly observed.

[0198] In addition, the present invention also uses the pointcloud function in CFD-post to perform dot matrix extraction of wind speed, temperature and radiation data in the ventilation corridor area of ​​the plane. Each indicator extracts 30,000 data points distributed in the analysis area and exports a csv format file for indicator calculation, thereby achieving a detailed analysis of the plane data.

[0199] In some embodiments, this embodiment is used to simulate the building environment of the urban village. The first wind and heat environment evaluation result table of each building layout scheme in the building environment of the urban village is shown in Table 1:

[0200] Table 1 The first wind and heat environment evaluation results of various building layout schemes simulating the building environment of the urban village

[0201] plan Positive ideal solution distance D+ Negative ideal solution distance D- Relative proximity S Sorting 0803export 0.005342345 0.398648729 0.986776082 1 0603export 0.04441853 0.355512028 0.888934392 2 0403export 0.248635327 0.16092098 0.392915399 3 0818export 0.320137978 0.093864963 0.226725353 4 0809export 0.332403439 0.088220914 0.209738008 5 0618export 0.33476148 0.080442853 0.193742807 6 0609export 0.339804721 0.077970484 0.186632627 7 0418export 0.336708187 0.07636032 0.184861152 8 0203export 0.343600322 0.076560944 0.182217997 9 0118export 0.344399574 0.071320229 0.171558411 10 0409export 0.347427405 0.066150889 0.159947682 11 0103export 0.392997671 0.071027769 0.153068697 12 0218export 0.348536912 0.057881385 0.142418256 13 0209export 0.366219005 0.039446977 0.097240041 14 0109export 0.375475212 0.036834803 0.089337637 15

[0202] Note: The first two digits of the scheme name are the distance between buildings, and the last two digits are the height of the buildings.

[0203] As shown in Table 1, in the building environment of the urban village, based on the ranking in Table 1 above, we found that when the building spacing is the same, the wind and heat environment of buildings of different heights does not change simply linearly, but generally speaking, lower buildings (such as 1-story) are better than higher buildings (such as 3-story or 6-story) in some cases. It is worth noting that when the building spacing is extremely narrow (such as 1m), the 6-story building shows a better wind and heat environment. When the building height is the same, increasing the building spacing can generally improve the comfort of the wind and heat environment, but the wind and heat environment comfort of an 18-meter-high building at a 1-meter spacing is better than that of a 2-meter spacing.

[0204] In summary, in the building environment of urban villages, the 0803 and 0603 layouts are the preferred layout solutions for buildings in the scenario of separated roads due to their large spacing and low building height. In areas with densely populated buildings, the 0418, 0203 and 0118 layout solutions are considered as the priority options due to their similar and excellent wind and heat environment performance. Although the performance of the 0409, 0103 and 0218 layouts is slightly inferior, they are still feasible. In contrast, the 0209 and 0109 layouts perform poorly in terms of wind and heat environment, so they are not recommended as layout solutions.

[0205] In some embodiments, the above embodiments are used to simulate the architectural environment of urban villages, and the present embodiment is used to simulate the architectural environment of residential communities. The buildings in residential communities have the characteristics of many floors and large floor heights. Therefore, the present application selects representative building floors, including ten floors, twenty floors and thirty floors, and sets the building height parameters to 30 meters, 60 meters and 90 meters accordingly. Referring to the distance between buildings, the present application selects 10 meters, 12 meters, 16 meters and 20 meters as the parameters of the building distance, for a total of 12 sets of building layout plans.

[0206] In terms of other input parameters, similar to the above-mentioned embodiment for simulating the building environment of urban villages, a typical summer day was selected because it represents extremely hot conditions. The time was set at 12 noon, the temperature was 31 degrees Celsius, the wind speed was 2.8 m / s, the relative humidity was 80%, and a 90-square-meter square area of ​​the building base area was set as the basis for the simulation.

[0207] The second wind-heat environment evaluation result table of each building layout scheme simulating the building environment of residential quarters is shown in Table 2:

[0208] Table 2 The second wind-heat environment evaluation results of each building layout scheme simulating the building environment of residential areas

[0209] plan Positive ideal solution distance D+ Negative ideal solution distance D- Relative proximity S Sorting 2090export 0 0.280195248 1 1 1690export 0.059559566 0.222806959 0.789070017 2 2060export 0.100041269 0.185422749 0.649548586 3 1290export 0.114169582 0.173923194 0.603705501 4 2030export 0.146882594 0.15606474 0.515154691 5 1090export 0.146077828 0.143414192 0.495399465 6 1260export 0.145975093 0.136918139 0.483992275 7 1660export 0.155873679 0.128404233 0.451685579 8 1630export 0.19800165 0.097111482 0.32906527 9 1060export 0.242725732 0.038208264 0.136004415 10 1230export 0.253177835 0.029818519 0.10536715 11 1030export 0.280195248 0 0 12

[0210] Note: The first two digits of the scheme name are the distance between buildings, and the last two digits are the height of the buildings.

[0211] Based on the data in Table 2 above, a trend different from the above is observed. In the building environment of simulated residential quarters, the comfort of the wind-heat environment shows a significant improvement as the building height increases from 30m. Further analysis shows that when the building height remains the same, increasing the distance between buildings also helps to improve the wind-heat environment. It is worth noting that when the building height reaches 60m, the 12m spacing arrangement performs well in terms of wind-heat environment comfort, which is better than the 16m spacing arrangement.

[0212] In general, in the layout of community-type buildings, higher building heights and wider building spacing have been proven to be effective strategies to improve the level of wind-heat environment. Among the many layout schemes, 2090 and 1690 are the first choice due to their building height and building distance. The 2060 and 1290 layouts also show good performance scores and are worthy of being suboptimal choices. In addition, layout schemes such as 2030, 1090, 1260 and 1660 perform similarly in terms of wind-heat environment comfort and can also be considered as alternatives. Although the score of the 1630 layout is relatively low (0.32), it still has certain feasibility under certain specific conditions. However, for layout schemes such as 1060, 1230 and 1030, their scores are relatively poor in the building layout scenario of this embodiment, so these layouts are not recommended to avoid adverse effects on the wind-heat environment.

[0213] In some embodiments, Table 3 is a wind speed level table, Table 4 is a human body thermal comfort level table, and Table 5 is a thermal comfort index (UTCI) segmented value table, which are expressed as follows:

[0214] Table 3 Wind speed level table

[0215]

[0216]

[0217] Table 4 Human thermal comfort level

[0218] Thermal sensation Temperature(℃) It's hot >27 hot 23-27 warm 21-23 Comfort 17-21 cold 9-17 cold 1-9 cold <1

[0219] Table 5 Thermal comfort index (UTCI) segmented value table

[0220]

[0221]

[0222] Compared with the prior art, the present application aims at the limitations and timeliness of the prior art in using single-point or limited-point meteorological data for measurement and analysis, and the traditional evaluation methods often ignore the interaction between environmental factors and the comprehensive influence of human thermal sensation, resulting in the evaluation results being one-sided and misleading. The present application includes but is not limited to the following beneficial effects:

[0223] First, a building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation provides a building layout evaluation method based on CFD wind-heat simulation. This method not only takes into account the comprehensive influence of multiple environmental factors, but also reflects the data of wind speed, radiation and temperature at the pedestrian height plane, providing important basis and guidance for urban planning and architectural design.

[0224] Secondly, the present application can comprehensively consider the influence of various wind and thermal environment evaluation indicators, such as the average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, proportion of comfortable wind speed areas, proportion of comfortable temperature areas and proportion of suitable thermal comfort index areas of the building layout to be evaluated, which significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of building layout selection and lays a solid theoretical foundation for the accurate selection of building layout.

[0225] See also Figure 7 , a building layout evaluation device based on wind-heat environment simulation is provided to meet one of the purposes of the present application, including an evaluation index acquisition module 1100, an evaluation index weight determination module 1200 and a building layout evaluation module 1300. Among them, the evaluation index acquisition module 1100 is configured to respond to the building layout evaluation instruction, obtain multiple building layouts to be evaluated and wind-heat environment evaluation indicators, and the wind-heat environment evaluation indicators include any multiple of the average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, comfortable wind speed area ratio, comfortable temperature area ratio and suitable thermal comfort index area ratio of the building layout to be evaluated in the dot matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result; the evaluation index weight determination module 1200 is configured to call the preset building layout evaluation model, and use the entropy weight method to weight the wind-heat environment evaluation indicators corresponding to the building layout to be evaluated to determine the weight of each wind-heat environment evaluation indicator; the building layout evaluation module 1300 is configured to use the Topsis model to determine the score value of each building layout to be evaluated according to the weight of each wind-heat environment evaluation indicator, and select the building layout to be evaluated with the highest score as the building layout with the best wind-heat environment to complete the evaluation of the building layout.

[0226] Based on any embodiment of this application, please refer to Figure 8 Another embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which can be implemented by a computer device, such as Figure 8As shown, a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a computer device. The computer device includes a processor, a computer-readable storage medium, a memory, and a network interface connected via a system bus. Among them, the computer-readable storage medium of the computer device stores an operating system, a database, and computer-readable instructions. The database may store a control information sequence. When the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the processor can implement a building layout assessment method based on wind-heat environment simulation. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the entire computer device. The memory of the computer device may store computer-readable instructions. When the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the processor can execute the building layout assessment method based on wind-heat environment simulation of the present application. The network interface of the computer device is used to connect and communicate with a terminal. Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 8 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0227] In this embodiment, the processor is used to execute Figure 7 The memory stores the program code and various data required to execute the above modules or submodules. The network interface is used to transmit data between user terminals or servers. The memory in this embodiment stores the program code and data required to execute all modules / submodules in the building layout assessment device based on wind-heat environment simulation of this application, and the server can call the program code and data of the server to execute the functions of all submodules.

[0228] The present application also provides a storage medium storing computer-readable instructions. When the computer-readable instructions are executed by one or more processors, the one or more processors execute the steps of the building layout assessment method based on wind-heat environment simulation described in any embodiment of the present application.

[0229] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program / instruction, which, when executed by one or more processors, implements the steps of the building layout assessment method based on wind-heat environment simulation described in any embodiment of the present application.

[0230] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, the aforementioned storage medium can be a computer-readable storage medium such as a disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

[0231] The above description is only a partial implementation method of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

[0232] To sum up, the application can comprehensively consider the influence of various wind and thermal environment evaluation indicators, such as the average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, proportion of comfortable wind speed areas, proportion of comfortable temperature areas and proportion of suitable thermal comfort index areas of the building layout to be evaluated, which significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of building layout selection and lays a solid theoretical foundation for the accurate selection of building layout.

Claims

1. A building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation, characterized in that: include: In response to the building layout evaluation instruction, a plurality of building layouts to be evaluated and wind-heat environment evaluation indicators are obtained, wherein the wind-heat environment evaluation indicators include any multiple items of average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, comfortable wind speed area ratio, comfortable temperature area ratio, and suitable thermal comfort index area ratio of the building layout to be evaluated in the dot matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result; Calling a preset building layout evaluation model, and using an entropy weight method to weight the wind-heat environment evaluation index corresponding to the building layout to be evaluated, so as to determine the weight of each wind-heat environment evaluation index; The Topsis model is used to determine the score of each building layout to be evaluated according to the weights of the various wind-heat environment evaluation indicators, and the building layout to be evaluated with the highest score is selected as the building layout with the optimal wind-heat environment to complete the evaluation of the building layout.

2. The building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps to determine the average wind speed and average temperature include: Obtaining the sum of wind speed data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, the sum of temperature data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result, and the number of point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result; calculating a first ratio between a sum of wind speed data in a grid within a plane that determines the CFD simulation result and the number of grids within the plane that determines the CFD simulation result to determine the average wind speed; A second ratio between the sum of the temperature data in the point array within the plane determining the CFD simulation result and the number of the point array within the plane determining the CFD simulation result is calculated to determine the average temperature.

3. The building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The expression of the thermal comfort index value is: UTCI=0.84Ta+0.246Tmrt-2.45V+0.204Vp-0.01, Among them, UTCI represents the thermal comfort index value, Ta is the air temperature of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result, Tmrt is the local average radiation temperature, V is the wind speed of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result, and Vp is the water vapor pressure; The expression of the mean radiation temperature includes: Average radiation temperature = [(Tg + 273.15) 4 +2.47*10 8 *V 0.6 *(Tg-Ta)] 0.25 -273.15, Among them, Ta is the air temperature of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result, V is the wind speed of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result, and S0 is the radiation of a point in the lattice in the plane of the CFD simulation result.

4. The building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The steps to determine the average thermal comfort index include: Obtain the sum of thermal comfort index data in the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of the point matrix in the plane of the CFD simulation result; A third ratio between the sum of the thermal comfort index data in the point array within the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of the point array within the plane of the CFD simulation result is calculated to determine an average thermal comfort index.

5. The building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps for determining the proportion of comfortable wind speed areas, the proportion of comfortable temperature areas, and the proportion of suitable thermal comfort index areas include: Obtain the sum of the number of comfortable wind speed data in the point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result, the sum of the number of comfortable temperature data in the point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result, the number of suitable thermal comfort data in the point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result, and the number of point matrices within the plane of the CFD simulation result; Calculating a fourth ratio between the sum of the number of comfortable wind speed data in the point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of the point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result to determine the proportion of the comfortable wind speed area; calculating a fifth ratio between the sum of the number of comfortable temperature data in the point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of the point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result to determine the comfortable temperature area ratio; A sixth ratio between the number of suitable thermal comfort data in a point matrix within the plane of the CFD simulation result and the number of point matrices within the plane of the CFD simulation result is calculated to determine the area ratio of the suitable thermal comfort index.

6. The building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The comfortable wind speed ranges from 1.6 to 5.4 m / s, the comfortable temperature ranges from 17 to 21°C, and the suitable thermal comfort index ranges from 9 to 26.

7. The building layout evaluation method based on wind-heat environment simulation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The basic network architecture of the building layout evaluation model is the entropy weight TOPSIS model.

8. A building layout evaluation device based on wind-heat environment simulation, characterized in that: include: An evaluation index acquisition module is configured to respond to a building layout evaluation instruction and acquire a plurality of building layouts to be evaluated and wind-heat environment evaluation indexes, wherein the wind-heat environment evaluation indexes include any multiple items of average wind speed, average temperature, average thermal comfort index, comfortable wind speed area ratio, comfortable temperature area ratio, and suitable thermal comfort index area ratio of the building layout to be evaluated in a dot matrix in a plane of a CFD simulation result; An evaluation index weight determination module is configured to call a preset building layout evaluation model, and use an entropy weight method to weight the wind-heat environment evaluation index corresponding to the building layout to be evaluated, so as to determine the weight of each wind-heat environment evaluation index; The building layout evaluation module is configured to use the Topsis model to determine the score value of each building layout to be evaluated according to the weights of the various wind-heat environment evaluation indicators, and select the building layout to be evaluated with the highest score value as the building layout with the optimal wind-heat environment to complete the evaluation of the building layout.

9. An electronic device, comprising a central processing unit and a memory, characterized in that: The central processing unit is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: It stores a computer program implemented according to the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7 in the form of computer-readable instructions, and when the computer program is called and executed by a computer, the steps included in the corresponding method are executed.

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