Lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction
By designing a rotatable feed and rotating mechanism, the beam direction of the lens antenna is continuously adjustable, solving the problem that existing antennas cannot cover tall and short buildings at the same time, achieving accurate and fast signal coverage for multiple targets, reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411180850.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
AI Technical Summary
When existing lens antennas cover the building signal, the beam direction adjustment amplitude of the feed source is small, and it is impossible to cover two buildings of different heights at the same time, and the application range is narrow.
Design a beam direction continuously adjustable lens antenna, including an electromagnetic wave lens, a reflector plate and a rotating mechanism. The reflector plate is arranged next to the side of the lens, and the reflector plate is driven to rotate through the rotating mechanism. A symmetrical feed source is installed, and the signal transmitting and receiving of the feed source is transmitted and received. The direction is along the straight line L2, and the straight line L2 intersects the straight line L1 to form an acute angle, so that the beam coverage range of the feed source can be continuously rotated around the straight line L1.
It realizes simultaneous signal coverage of target objects of different heights, fills in the lack of existing spotlight antenna functions, and reduces the cost of use.
Smart Images
Figure CN119171070A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of communication equipment, in particular to a lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction. Background Art
[0002] At present, the lens antennas on the market generally include a lens and a feed source, as described in Chinese patent application No. 2020204089922, entitled "A Luneburg Lens Electrically Steering Antenna", and the feed source can be moved relative to the lens so that the beam direction of the feed source can be adjusted; in such a technical solution, the feed source moves around the center of the lens. When in use, the adjustment range of the beam direction of the feed source is small and it can only move up and down or left and right. When such a structure is applied to a spotlight antenna for signal coverage of a building, the same lens antenna cannot provide signal coverage for two buildings of different heights at the same time, and its application range is narrow. Summary of the invention
[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction. The lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, and adjustable beam coverage range of the feed source, so that the target coverage range can be accurately and quickly aligned to achieve simultaneous signal coverage of two targets of different heights.
[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction, in particular, comprising an electromagnetic wave lens, a reflector and a rotating mechanism; the reflector is arranged on the side of the electromagnetic wave lens, and one side of the reflector is a reflecting surface arranged facing the electromagnetic wave lens; the rotating mechanism is connected to the reflector, and the rotating mechanism is used to drive the reflector to rotate, and the rotation axis of the reflector is a straight line L1; at least two feed sources are installed on the reflecting surface of the reflector, and at least two feed sources are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straight line L1; the signal receiving and transmitting ends of each feed source are arranged facing the electromagnetic wave lens; the main signal receiving and transmitting directions of each feed source are straight line L2, and the straight line L2 and the straight line L1 intersect at the center of the electromagnetic wave lens, and the angle α formed by the intersection of the straight line L1 and the straight line L2 is an acute angle, and the angle α formed by the intersection of the straight line L1 and the straight line L2 is preferably in the range of 15° to 35°.
[0005] In this solution, the feed source is designed to rotate around the straight line L1, and the main direction of signal reception and transmission of the feed source is along the straight line L2. The straight lines L2 and L1 intersect at the center of the electromagnetic wave lens, and the angle α formed by the intersection of the straight lines L1 and L2 is an acute angle design, so that the beam coverage range of the feed source can be continuously rotated and adjusted around the straight line L1, so that it can be accurately and quickly aligned with the target coverage range, so as to achieve simultaneous signal coverage of two target objects of different heights, so as to fill the lack of this function of the existing spotlight antenna and effectively reduce the cost of use.
[0006] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a fixed plate, a rotating plate and a driver; the rotating plate can rotate relative to the fixed plate, and the rotation axis of the rotating plate relative to the fixed plate is a straight line L1; a guiding mechanism is also provided between the rotating plate and the fixed plate; the guiding mechanism includes a walking guide rail and a guide block movable along the walking guide rail, and the guide block and the walking guide rail are inseparable along the direction of the straight line L1; the walking guide rail is an arc-shaped structure, and the center of the walking guide rail is on the straight line L1; one of the walking guide rails or the guide blocks is arranged on the rotating plate, and the other of the walking guide rails or the guide blocks is arranged on the fixed plate; the reflecting plate is fixed on the rotating plate, the reflecting plate is on the side of the rotating plate facing away from the fixed plate, and the electromagnetic wave lens is on the side of the reflecting plate facing away from the rotating plate; the driver is connected to the rotating plate, and the driver is used to drive the rotating plate and the reflecting plate to rotate relative to the fixed plate.
[0007] Furthermore, the travel guide rail of the guide mechanism is an arc-shaped hole, one end of the guide block is located in the travel guide rail, and a groove for clamping the hole edge of the travel guide rail is formed on the guide block.
[0008] Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave lens is also fixed on the rotating plate. The electromagnetic wave lens can be a spherical or cylindrical structure, and the dielectric constant of the electromagnetic wave lens gradually changes from 2 to 1 in all directions from the center to the outer surface. When the electromagnetic wave lens is a spherical structure, the center of the electromagnetic wave lens is the center of the sphere; when the electromagnetic wave lens is a cylindrical structure, the center of the electromagnetic wave lens is the central axis.
[0009] The drive structure of this solution has the following three types:
[0010] One is that the driver is a motor, the motor is mounted on a fixed plate, the rotating shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the rotating plate, and the rotating axis of the rotating shaft of the motor is a straight line L1.
[0011] The second type is that the driver is a rod, and the driver is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate, and the rotation axis of the driver is colinear with the straight line L1; the driver is arranged through the fixed plate, and one end of the driver is fixedly connected to the rotating plate, so that the rotating plate is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate; a locking piece is threadedly connected to the driver on the side of the fixed plate facing away from the rotating plate; the locking piece is used to position the driver and the fixed plate.
[0012] The third type is that the rotating plate is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate through a rotating member; a travel hole is formed on the fixed plate; the travel hole is an arc-shaped hole, and the center of the travel hole is also on the straight line L1; the driver is a rod, one end of the driver passes through the travel hole and is fixedly connected to the rotating plate, and a locking member is threadedly connected to the driver on the side of the fixed plate facing away from the rotating plate; the locking member is used to position the driver and the fixed plate.
[0013] Furthermore, the present scheme also includes a shell and a bracket; the shell is rotatably mounted on the bracket via two tilt adjustment mechanisms, and the rotation axis of the shell relative to the bracket is perpendicular to the straight line L1; the electromagnetic wave lens, feed source, reflection plate, rotating plate and fixed plate are sequentially arranged and installed in the inner cavity of the shell along the straight line L1, and the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the shell; a detachable rear end plate is provided on the side of the fixed plate facing away from the rotating plate on the shell, and a through hole connecting the inner cavity of the shell with the outside is formed on the rear end plate; one end of the driver extends out of the shell through the through hole, and the locking member is also outside the shell.
[0014] Furthermore, a rotation angle scale is provided on the outer surface of the rear end plate; and a pointer is installed on one side of the driver outside the housing.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention include simple structure, reasonable design, and adjustable beam coverage of the feed source, so that the target coverage range can be accurately and quickly aligned to achieve simultaneous signal coverage of two targets of different heights. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Example 1.
[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1 after the outer shell is removed.
[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of Example 1.
[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional view along the AA direction.
[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the local cross-section along the BB direction.
[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part C.
[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Example 2.
[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the reflector of Example 2 is installed on the rotating mechanism.
[0024] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-electromagnetic wave lens; 2-reflection plate; 21-feed source; 3-rotating mechanism; 31-fixed plate; 311-travel hole; 32-rotating plate; 33-driver; 331-handwheel; 332-handle; 34-sleeve; 35-locking piece; 36-pointer; 37-first rubber ring; 38-second rubber ring; 39-spring washer; 310-positioning nut; 4-guide mechanism; 41-travel guide rail; 42-guide block; 5-housing; 51-rear end plate; 52-rotation angle scale; 53-through hole; 6-bracket; 7-tilt adjustment mechanism; 8-rotating member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] Example 1
[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a beam direction continuously adjustable lens antenna of the present embodiment comprises an electromagnetic wave lens 1, a reflecting plate 2 and a rotating mechanism 3; the reflecting plate 2 is arranged beside the electromagnetic wave lens 1, the electromagnetic wave lens 1 is a spherical Luneburg lens, and one side of the reflecting plate 2 is a reflecting surface arranged facing the electromagnetic wave lens 1; the rotating mechanism 3 is connected to the reflecting plate 2, and the rotating mechanism 3 is used to drive the reflecting plate 2 to rotate, and the rotation axis of the reflecting plate 2 is a straight line L1; two feed sources 21 are installed on the reflecting surface of the reflecting plate 2, and the two feed sources 21 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straight line L1; the signal transmitting and receiving ends of each feed source 21 are arranged facing the electromagnetic wave lens 1; the main signal transmitting and receiving directions of each feed source 21 are straight line L2, and the straight line L2 and the straight line L1 intersect at the center of the electromagnetic wave lens 1, and the center of the electromagnetic wave lens 1 is the center of the sphere, and the angle α formed by the intersection of the straight line L1 and the straight line L2 is an acute angle, and the angle α of the present embodiment is 20°. This design allows the beam coverage of the feed source 21 to be continuously rotated and adjusted around the straight line L1, so that it can be accurately and quickly aimed at the target coverage range to achieve simultaneous signal coverage of two targets of different heights, thereby filling the lack of this function in existing spotlight antennas and effectively reducing the cost of use.
[0027] In order to make the structure of the rotating mechanism 3 more reasonable and the structural strength higher, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the rotating mechanism 3 includes a fixed plate 31, a rotating plate 32 and a driver 33; the rotating plate 32 can rotate relative to the fixed plate 31, and the rotating axis of the rotating plate 32 relative to the fixed plate 31 is a straight line L1; a guide mechanism 4 is also provided between the rotating plate 32 and the fixed plate 31; the guide mechanism 4 includes a travel guide rail 41 and a guide block 42 that can move along the travel guide rail 41, and the number of the guide blocks 42 is 3, and the guide block 42 and the travel guide rail 41 are inseparable along the direction of the straight line L1; The walking guide rail 41 is an arc-shaped structure, and the center of the walking guide rail 41 is on the straight line L1; the guide block 42 is arranged on the rotating plate 32, and the walking guide rail 41 is arranged on the fixed plate 31; the reflecting plate 2 is fixed on the rotating plate 32, and the reflecting plate 2 is located on the side of the rotating plate 32 facing away from the fixed plate 31, and the electromagnetic wave lens 1 is located on the side of the reflecting plate 2 facing away from the rotating plate 32; the driver 33 is connected to the rotating plate 32, and the driver 33 is used to drive the rotating plate 32 and the reflecting plate 2 to rotate relative to the fixed plate 31. By further providing a guide mechanism 4 between the rotating plate 32 and the fixed plate 31, the movable connection structure between the rotating plate 32 and the fixed plate 31 is more secure when in use, so that the structural strength of the lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction is higher.
[0028] In order to make the structure of the guide mechanism 4 more reasonable, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the travel guide rail 41 of the guide mechanism 4 is an arc-shaped hole, one end of the guide block 42 is in the travel guide rail 41, and a groove for clamping the hole edge of the travel guide rail 41 is formed on the guide block 42. In order to facilitate assembly, a clamping head is riveted on the end face of the guide block 42, and the groove is formed between the clamping head and the guide block 42.
[0029] In order to make the beam direction of this continuously adjustable lens antenna more accurate, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the electromagnetic wave lens 1 is also fixed on the rotating plate 32. Due to the limitation of the production process, the dielectric constant change in each radial direction of the electromagnetic wave lens 1 is not completely consistent. This embodiment uses such a design to ensure that the path of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source 21 passing through the electromagnetic wave lens 1 is always the same, so that no matter how the position of the feed source 21 changes, the beam shape and size of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source 21 after passing through the electromagnetic wave lens 1 are always consistent.
[0030] In order to make the structure of the driver 33 more reasonable, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the driver 33 is a rod, and the driver 33 is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate 31, and the rotation axis of the driver 33 is colinear with the straight line L1; the structure of the driver 33 of this embodiment installed on the fixed plate 31 is specifically as follows: a shaft sleeve 34 is fixed on the fixed plate 31, the shaft sleeve 34 is on the side of the fixed plate 31 facing away from the rotating plate 32, and the driver 33 is arranged through the shaft sleeve 34; the driver 33 is arranged through the fixed plate 31, one end of the driver 33 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 32, so that the rotating plate 32 is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate 31, and a hand wheel 331 is installed on the other end of the driver 33; a locking member 35 is threadedly connected to the driver 33 on the side of the fixed plate 31 facing away from the rotating plate 32; the locking member 35 is used to position the driver 33 and the fixed plate 31, the locking member 35 is a nut, the locking member 35 moves relative to the driver 33 by rotating, and the locking member 35 positions the driver 33 and the fixed plate 31 by abutting against the shaft sleeve 34.
[0031] In order to make the beam direction continuously adjustable lens antenna more convenient to use, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the beam direction continuously adjustable lens antenna also includes a shell 5 and a bracket 6; the shell 5 is rotatably mounted on the bracket 6 through two tilt adjustment mechanisms 7, and the rotation axis of the shell 5 relative to the bracket 6 is perpendicular to the straight line L1. The specific structure of the tilt adjustment mechanism 7 in this embodiment is the same as the pitch adjustment mechanism in the technical solution described in Chinese patent application No. CN2024106869989, entitled "A kind of spotlight-type Luneburg lens antenna for building coverage", which will not be described in detail here; the electromagnetic wave lens 1, the feed source 21, the reflector 2, the rotating plate 32 and the fixed plate 31 are arranged in sequence along the straight line L1 and installed in the inner cavity of the shell 5, and the fixed plate 31 is fixedly connected to the shell 5; a detachable rear end plate 51 is provided on the side of the fixed plate 31 facing away from the rotating plate 32 on the shell 5, and a through hole connecting the inner cavity of the shell 5 with the outside is formed on the rear end plate 51, and the through hole is a circular hole; one end of the driver 33 extends out of the shell 5 through the through hole, and the locking member 35 is also outside the shell 5. In such a structure, when in use, the lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction is fixed on a wall or the ground through a bracket 6, and then the tilt angle is adjusted through the tilt adjustment mechanism 7, and finally the beam direction of the feed source 21 is adjusted through the rotation mechanism 3.
[0032] In order to make the workers know the position of the feed source 21 after rotation, Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6As shown, a rotation angle scale 52 is provided on the outer surface of the rear plate 51; a pointer 36 is installed on one side of the driver 33 outside the housing 5. The pointer 36 is specifically located between the rear plate 51 and the locking member 35, and the non-circular hole of the pointer 36 is fitted with the non-circular fitting section on the driver 33, so that the pointer 36 cannot rotate relative to the driver 33; in order to prevent the pointer 36 from moving along the axis of the driver 33, the driver 33 is provided with a first rubber ring 37 on both sides of the pointer 36, and the two first rubber rings 37 cooperate to clamp the pointer 36, one of the first rubber rings 37 is located between the rear plate 51 and the pointer 36, and the other first rubber ring 37 is located between the pointer 36 and the locking member 35; in order to protect the rear plate 51, a second rubber ring 38 is also provided on the driver 33, and the second rubber ring 38 is located between the shaft sleeve 34 and the rear plate 51; in order to prevent the locking member 35 from being easily loosened after being locked, a spring washer 39 is also provided between the locking member 35 and the pointer 36.
[0033] Example 2
[0034] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the rotating plate 32 is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate 31 through a rotating member 8; a travel hole 311 is formed on the fixed plate 31; the travel hole 311 is an arc-shaped hole, and the center of the travel hole 311 is also on the straight line L1; the driver 33 is a rod, one end of the driver 33 passes through the travel hole 311 and is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 32, and the other end of the driver 33 is installed with a handle 332, and the driver 33 is threadedly connected with a locking member 35 on the side of the fixed plate 31 facing away from the rotating plate 32; the locking member 35 is used to position the driver 33 and the fixed plate 31. The through hole 53 on the rear end plate 51 of the housing 5 of this embodiment for the driver 33 to pass through is also an arc-shaped hole, and the center of the through hole 53 is also on the straight line L1. The axis of the driver 33 of this embodiment is not colinear with the straight line L1, so the push-pull driver 33 can make the rotating plate 32 rotate with the straight line L1 as the axis, and the position of the feed source in the housing 5 can be known by matching the position of the driver 33 with the rotation angle scale 52, without setting a pointer separately; the locking member 35 is a nut, and the driver 33 is positioned with the fixed plate 31 by the locking member 35 specifically against the outer surface of the rear end plate 51; in order to prevent the locking member 35 from being easily loosened after being locked, a positioning nut 310 is also threadedly connected on the side of the locking member 35 facing away from the rear end plate 51 on the driver 33, and the locking member 35 will not be loosened by the positioning nut 310 against the locking member 35. The technical effect of this embodiment is the same as that of the technical effect of embodiment 1, but it is a new design made to meet the different needs of users.
[0035] Example 3
[0036] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that this embodiment is to electrically drive the rotating plate to rotate, and the specific structure is as follows: the driver is a motor, the motor is mounted on the fixed plate, the motor shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating plate, and the rotation axis of the motor shaft is a straight line L1 (not shown in the drawings of this embodiment). Such a structure does not require a through hole to be opened on the housing for the driver to pass through, has better sealing, and is more convenient to operate.
Claims
1. A lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction, Features: The invention comprises an electromagnetic wave lens, a reflection plate and a rotation mechanism; the reflection plate is arranged beside the electromagnetic wave lens, and one side of the reflection plate is a reflection surface arranged facing the electromagnetic wave lens; the rotation mechanism is connected to the reflection plate, and the rotation mechanism is used to drive the reflection plate to rotate, and the rotation axis of the reflection plate is a straight line L1; at least two feed sources are installed on the reflection surface of the reflection plate, and at least two feed sources are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straight line L1; the signal receiving and transmitting ends of each feed source are arranged facing the electromagnetic wave lens; the main signal receiving and transmitting directions of each feed source are straight line L2, and the straight line L2 and the straight line L1 intersect at the center of the electromagnetic wave lens, and the angle α formed by the intersection of the straight line L1 and the straight line L2 is an acute angle.
2. A lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction according to claim 1, Features: The rotating mechanism includes a fixed plate, a rotating plate and a driver; the rotating plate can rotate relative to the fixed plate, and the rotating axis of the rotating plate relative to the fixed plate is a straight line L1; a guiding mechanism is also provided between the rotating plate and the fixed plate; the guiding mechanism includes a walking guide rail and a guiding block movable along the walking guide rail, and the guiding block and the walking guide rail are inseparable along the direction of the straight line L1; the walking guide rail is an arc-shaped structure, and the center of the walking guide rail is on the straight line L1; one of the walking guide rails or the guiding blocks is arranged on the rotating plate, and the other of the walking guide rails or the guiding blocks is arranged on the fixed plate; the reflecting plate is fixed on the rotating plate, the reflecting plate is on the side of the rotating plate facing away from the fixed plate, and the electromagnetic wave lens is on the side of the reflecting plate facing away from the rotating plate; the driver is connected to the rotating plate, and the driver is used to drive the rotating plate and the reflecting plate to rotate relative to the fixed plate.
3. A lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction according to claim 2, Features: The travel guide rail of the guide mechanism is an arc-shaped hole, one end of the guide block is located in the travel guide rail, and a groove for clamping the hole edge of the travel guide rail is formed on the guide block.
4. A lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction according to claim 2 or 3, Features: The electromagnetic wave lens is also fixed on the rotating plate.
5. The lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction according to claim 2, Features: The driver is a motor, the motor is mounted on a fixed plate, the rotating shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the rotating plate, and the rotating axis of the rotating shaft of the motor is a straight line L1.
6. A lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction according to claim 2, Features: The driver is a rod, and the driver is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate, and the rotation axis of the driver is colinear with the straight line L1; The driver is arranged through the fixed plate, and one end of the driver is fixedly connected to the rotating plate, so that the rotating plate is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate; a locking piece is threadedly connected to the driver on the side of the fixed plate facing away from the rotating plate; the locking piece is used to position the driver and the fixed plate.
7. The lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction according to claim 2, Features: The rotating plate is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate through a rotating member; a travel hole is formed on the fixed plate; the travel hole is an arc-shaped hole, and the center of the travel hole is also on the straight line L1; the driver is a rod, one end of the driver passes through the travel hole and is fixedly connected to the rotating plate, and a locking member is threadedly connected to the driver on the side of the fixed plate facing away from the rotating plate; the locking member is used to position the driver and the fixed plate.
8. A lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction according to claim 6 or 7, Features: It also includes a shell and a bracket; the shell is rotatably installed on the bracket through two tilt adjustment mechanisms, and the rotation axis of the shell relative to the bracket is perpendicular to the straight line L1; the electromagnetic wave lens, the feed source, the reflection plate, the rotating plate and the fixed plate are arranged in sequence along the straight line L1 and installed in the inner cavity of the shell, and the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the shell; a detachable rear end plate is provided on the side of the fixed plate facing away from the rotating plate on the shell, and a through hole connecting the inner cavity of the shell with the outside is formed on the rear end plate; one end of the driver extends out of the shell through the through hole, and the locking piece is also outside the shell.
9. A lens antenna with continuously adjustable beam direction according to claim 8, Features: A rotation angle scale is arranged on the outer surface of the rear end plate; a pointer is arranged on one side of the driver outside the shell.