Brake device and machine tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a brake device and a machine tool, the brake device is used for braking a rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is connected with a gland, an annular groove is formed between the rotating shaft and the gland, the brake device comprises a brake ring and a fixing piece, the brake ring is arranged in the annular groove and is provided with a hollow containing cavity, and the fixing piece is arranged in the containing cavity. The brake ring is made of an elastic material; the fixing piece is used for being fixed to a machine table, the fixing piece is connected with the brake ring, and the fixing piece is provided with a conveying channel communicating with the containing cavity; in the initial state, gaps are formed between the brake ring and the rotating shaft and between the brake ring and the gland, and after the medium is conveyed into the containing cavity through the conveying channel, the brake ring expands to abut against the rotating shaft and the gland. The brake device is simple in structure, small in needed use space, convenient to use and good in brake effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of numerical control equipment, and in particular to a braking device and a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] In the current use of machine tools, the A, B, C and other rotating axes of the turntable and the swing head need to stop at a specified angle after rotation in order to facilitate processing. At this time, a brake device is required to apply a clamping force to the rotating axis to keep its position angle unchanged (i.e. braking). However, the current brake device has the disadvantages of complex structure and large space required for use.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to improve the brake device to ensure the braking effect of the brake device. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application mainly provides a braking device and a machine tool, which have a simple structure and can have a good braking effect when used.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present application is: to provide a braking device, which is used to brake a rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to a pressure cover, and an annular groove is formed between the rotating shaft and the pressure cover, and the braking device includes a brake ring and a fixing part, wherein the brake ring is arranged in the annular groove, is provided with a hollow accommodating chamber, and the material of the brake ring is an elastic material; the fixing part is used to be fixed on the machine platform, the fixing part is connected to the brake ring, and the fixing part is provided with a transmission channel connected to the accommodating chamber; wherein, in the initial state, a gap is formed between the brake ring and the rotating shaft and the pressure cover, and when the medium is transmitted to the accommodating chamber through the transmission channel, the brake ring expands and abuts against the rotating shaft and the pressure cover.

[0006] Wherein, the material of the brake ring includes 20 chromium molybdenum.

[0007] Wherein, the brake device also includes a first friction plate and a second friction plate, which are arranged in the annular groove and distributed on both sides of the brake ring, the first friction plate is connected to the rotating shaft, and the second friction plate is connected to the pressure cover.

[0008] Wherein, the material of the first friction plate and the second friction plate includes resin.

[0009] Wherein, the accommodating chamber is an annular accommodating chamber, and the accommodating chamber is communicated with the inner circumference of the brake ring, and the brake device also includes a sealing ring, which is arranged in the accommodating chamber to seal the accommodating chamber, wherein the material of the sealing ring is elastic material.

[0010] There are multiple sealing rings, which are nested in concentric rings.

[0011] Wherein, in the radial direction of the rotating shaft, a preset distance is formed between the sealing ring and the inner circumferential surface of the rotating shaft.

[0012] Wherein, the outer peripheral surface of the brake ring is also provided with an opening connected to the accommodating cavity, and the brake device also includes a high-pressure plug, which is used to seal the opening.

[0013] Wherein, the brake ring includes a first ring piece and a second ring piece, which are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft. The first ring piece and the second ring piece are buckled together to form the accommodating cavity, wherein the thickness of the first ring piece is equal to the thickness of the second ring piece.

[0014] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present application is: to provide a machine tool, which includes the braking device described in the above embodiment.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the present application is that in the process of using the brake device of the present application, in the initial state, a gap is formed between the brake ring and the rotating shaft and the pressure cover, and when the medium is transmitted to the accommodating cavity through the transmission channel, the brake ring expands and abuts against the rotating shaft and the pressure cover to achieve braking of the rotating shaft. The brake device in the present application has a simple structure, requires a small space, is easy to use, and has a good braking effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them: Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an implementation method of a brake device in this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of area A in the middle.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals: 1 brake device; 2 rotating shaft; 3 pressure cover; 4 annular groove; 10 brake ring; 11 accommodating chamber; 12 opening; 13 high-pressure plug; 14 first ring plate; 15 second ring plate; 20 fixing member; 21 transmission channel; 30 first friction plate; 40 second friction plate; 50 sealing ring; 51 first sealing ring; 52 second sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0021] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,in, Figure 2 for Figure 1An enlarged schematic diagram of the area A in the middle. The present application provides a brake device 1, which is used to brake a rotating shaft 2, one end of the rotating shaft 2 is connected to a pressure cover 3, and an annular groove 4 is formed between the rotating shaft 2 and the pressure cover 3, and the brake device 1 includes a brake ring 10 and a fixing member 20, wherein the brake ring 10 is arranged in the annular groove 4, is provided with a hollow accommodating chamber 11, and the material of the brake ring 10 is an elastic material; the fixing member 20 is used to be fixed on the machine, the fixing member 20 is connected to the brake ring 10, and the fixing member 20 is provided with a transmission channel 21 connected to the accommodating chamber 11; wherein, in the initial state, a gap is formed between the brake ring 10 and the rotating shaft 2 and the pressure cover 3, and when the medium is transmitted to the accommodating chamber 11 through the transmission channel 21, the brake ring 10 expands and abuts against the rotating shaft 2 and the pressure cover 3.

[0024] Specifically, the brake ring 10 is connected to the fixing member 20, the gland 3 is fixed on the rotating shaft 2, and the brake ring 10 is located in the annular groove 4 between the rotating shaft 2 and the gland 3. At the same time, the brake ring 10 is elastic. When the medium is conveyed into the brake ring 10, the brake ring 10 opens and abuts against the rotating shaft 2 and the gland 3 to achieve braking of the rotating shaft 2. In one embodiment, the medium includes hydraulic oil, and the hydraulic oil enters the accommodating chamber 11 of the brake ring 10 through the transmission channel 21 on the fixing member 20, so that the pressure of the accommodating chamber 11 increases. After the brake ring 10 expands, it brakes the rotating shaft 2. At this time, the braking function is achieved within the elastic deformation range of the brake ring 10, and the service life of the brake device 1 is extended. When the conveying medium is not passed into the accommodating chamber 11, at this time, there is a gap between the brake ring 10 and the rotating shaft 2 and the gland 3 to prevent the brake ring 10 from affecting the normal operation of the rotating shaft 2.

[0025] The brake device 1 of the present application has a simple structure and requires a small space for use. It can realize the clamping and releasing functions in a small space. It is easy to use and has a good braking effect. At the same time, it has few parts and low manufacturing cost. In addition, it uses a hydraulic drive method to achieve a large clamping force. When the clamping force needs to be increased, it only needs to increase the contact area between the brake ring 10 and the rotating shaft 2.

[0026] The material of the brake ring 10 includes 20 chromium molybdenum (20CrMo), which has certain elasticity to meet the elastic deformation requirements of the brake ring 10 and has a long service life to meet the needs of the brake ring 10 to expand and recover multiple times.

[0027] Please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2The brake device 1 further includes a first friction plate 30 and a second friction plate 40, which are arranged in the annular groove 4 and distributed on both sides of the brake ring 10, the first friction plate 30 is connected to the rotating shaft 2, and the second friction plate 40 is connected to the pressure cover 3. After the transmission medium fills the accommodating cavity 11, the upper end surface of the brake ring 10 presses the rotating shaft 2 through the first friction plate 30, and the lower end surface of the brake ring 10 presses the pressure cover 3 through the second friction plate 40, so as to avoid the wear of the brake ring 10 after the upper end surface of the brake ring 10 directly contacts the rotating shaft 2, the lower end surface and the pressure cover 3, so as to protect the brake ring 10 and extend the service life of the brake ring 10.

[0028] In one embodiment, the material of the first friction plate 30 and the second friction plate 40 includes resin. The rotating shaft 2 and the pressure cover 3 are in contact with the brake ring 10 through the resin friction plate. In order to ensure the braking effect, sufficient friction is required. The first friction plate 30 and the second friction plate 40 made of resin material have the advantages of large friction and wear resistance, which meet the functional requirements of the friction plate.

[0029] Please continue reading Figure 1 , the accommodating chamber 11 is an annular accommodating chamber, and the accommodating chamber 11 is connected to the inner circumference of the brake ring 10, and the brake device 1 also includes a sealing ring 50, which is arranged in the accommodating chamber 11 to seal the accommodating chamber 11, wherein the material of the sealing ring 50 is an elastic material. Specifically, the brake ring 10 is designed to surround the rotating shaft 2, and the accommodating chamber 11 is arranged on the circumference of the rotating shaft 2 to form an annular accommodating chamber. This design can maximize the braking effect and the stability of the braking process of the rotating shaft 2. Since the accommodating chamber 11 needs to be filled with a medium to expand the brake ring 10, it is necessary to seal the accommodating chamber 11. At this time, a sealing ring 50 is arranged to seal the accommodating chamber 11 so that a sealed cavity is formed in the brake ring 10. The material of the sealing ring 50 includes an elastic material, so that after the accommodating chamber 11 expands, the sealing ring 50 can expand synchronously, thereby ensuring the sealing effect.

[0030] Please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the number of sealing rings 50 is multiple, and the multiple sealing rings 50 are nested in concentric rings. The number of sealing rings 50 can be 2, 3 or more. When two sealing rings 50 are provided, the two sealing rings 50 include a first sealing ring 51 and a second sealing ring 52 sequentially arranged in a direction away from the rotating shaft 2. The arrangement of the first sealing ring 51 and the second sealing ring 52 can greatly reduce the risk of oil leakage. The material of the first sealing ring 51 includes polytetrafluoroethylene (PTEE), and the material of the second sealing ring 52 includes rubber. The second sealing ring 52 uses a special sealing ring. According to the usage scenario, a pressure-resistant and oil-resistant sealing material is selected to ensure the sealing effect.

[0031] In the radial direction of the rotating shaft 2, a preset distance is formed between the sealing ring 50 and the inner circumference of the rotating shaft 2. Specifically, a gap is left between the sealing ring 50 and the inner circumference of the rotating shaft 2 to ensure that when the rotating shaft 2 is in operation, no friction is generated between the rotating shaft 2 and the sealing ring 50 to damage the sealing function of the sealing ring 50; Please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 The outer peripheral surface of the brake ring 10 is also provided with an opening 12 connected to the accommodating chamber 11, and the brake device 1 further includes a high-pressure plug 13, which is used to block the opening 12. Specifically, the opening 12 connects the transmission channel 21 and the accommodating chamber 11. In order to facilitate processing, the opening 12 penetrates the accommodating chamber 11 in the brake ring 10 from the outer edge of the brake ring 10. At this time, the high-pressure plug 13 needs to be provided to block the opening 12 to prevent the medium from flowing out from the end of the opening 12 away from the accommodating chamber 11.

[0032] Please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the brake ring 10 includes a first ring piece 14 and a second ring piece 15, which are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2. The first ring piece 14 and the second ring piece 15 are buckled together to form an accommodating chamber 11, wherein the thickness of the first ring piece 14 is equal to the thickness of the second ring piece 15. Specifically, the first ring piece 14 and the second ring piece 15 are set with equal thickness. After the medium enters the accommodating chamber 11 and produces a pressure change, the deformation amount of the first ring piece 14 and the second ring piece 15 are consistent, and the clamping force is equal. The brake ring 10 is placed between the rotating shaft 2 and the gland 3. When there is no oil pressure in the accommodating chamber 11, the first ring piece 14 and the second ring piece 15 of the brake ring 10 have a small gap with the end face of the rotating shaft 2 and the end face of the gland 3. When oil enters the accommodating chamber 11, the pressure causes the first ring piece 14 and the second ring piece 15 of the brake ring 10 to open, press the end faces of the rotating shaft 2 and the gland 3, and achieve axial braking, so that the rotating shaft 2 cannot rotate. When the oil chamber is depressurized, the brake ring 10 returns to its original shape, the first ring piece 14 and the second ring piece 15 are separated from the rotating shaft 2 and the pressure cover 3, and the rotating shaft 2 can be operated.

[0033] The present application also provides a machine tool, which includes the brake device 1 described in the above embodiment. The machine tool using the brake device 1 can brake the rotating shaft 2 simply and effectively.

[0034] The above description is only an implementation method of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A brake device, characterized in that: Used to brake the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the pressure cover, and an annular groove is formed between the rotating shaft and the pressure cover, and the braking device includes: A brake ring is arranged in the annular groove, is provided with a hollow accommodating cavity, and the material of the brake ring is an elastic material; A fixing member, used for fixing on the machine platform, the fixing member is connected to the brake ring, and the fixing member is provided with a transmission channel communicating with the accommodating cavity; Wherein, in the initial state, a gap is formed between the brake ring and the rotating shaft and the pressure cover, and when the medium is transmitted to the accommodating cavity through the transmission channel, the brake ring expands and abuts against the rotating shaft and the pressure cover.

2. The brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the brake ring includes 20 chromium molybdenum.

3. The brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake device also includes: The first friction plate and the second friction plate are arranged in the annular groove and distributed on both sides of the brake ring. The first friction plate is connected to the rotating shaft, and the second friction plate is connected to the pressure cover.

4. The brake device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first friction plate and the second friction plate are made of resin.

5. The brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The accommodating cavity is an annular accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity is communicated with the inner circumference of the brake ring, and the brake device further includes: A sealing ring is arranged in the accommodating cavity to seal the accommodating cavity, wherein the sealing ring is made of elastic material.

6. The brake device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of the sealing rings is multiple, and the multiple sealing rings are nested in concentric rings.

7. The brake device according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the radial direction of the rotating shaft, a preset distance is formed between the sealing ring and the inner circumferential surface of the rotating shaft.

8. The brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer peripheral surface of the brake ring is also provided with an opening communicating with the accommodating cavity, and the brake device further comprises: A high-pressure plug is used to seal the opening.

9. The brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake ring comprises: The first ring piece and the second ring piece are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the first ring piece and the second ring piece are buckled to form the accommodating cavity, wherein the thickness of the first ring piece is equal to the thickness of the second ring piece.

10. A machine tool, characterized in that: Comprising a brake device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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