Evaluation method for measuring and calculating quality of atmospheric air along shore of Yellow Sea in frequently-occurring period of green tide

Abstract

The invention discloses an evaluation method for measuring and calculating the atmospheric air quality of the coastal area of the Yellow Sea in the frequent green tide period, and relates to the technical field of air quality evaluation, comprising the following steps: establishing a monitoring network along the coastal area of the Yellow Sea, and collecting meteorological data, air quality data and data in the green tide period of the coastal area of the Yellow Sea; the collected data is preprocessed; and based on the preprocessed data, analyzing traditional atmospheric pollutants and green tide related pollutants in the coastal area of the Yellow Sea, and determining an evaluation target and pollutant types. According to the method, the comprehensive evaluation system containing the traditional atmospheric pollutants and the green tide related pollutants is constructed, the air quality of the Yellow Sea coastal in the green tide frequently-occurring period is evaluated, the influence of the traditional atmospheric pollutants and the green tide related pollutants is comprehensively considered, the air quality condition is reflected more comprehensively and accurately, and the evaluation result is more accurate. Scientific basis is provided for formulating effective environmental protection measures, and the accuracy and pertinence of evaluation are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air quality evaluation, and in particular to an evaluation method for measuring and calculating atmospheric air quality along the coast of the Yellow Sea during a period of frequent green tides. Background Art

[0002] Green tide is a harmful ecological phenomenon caused by the explosive proliferation or high aggregation of certain large green algae (such as Enteromorpha) in seawater under specific environmental conditions, causing water discoloration. During the period of frequent green tides, a large number of green tide algae will gather on the coast of the Yellow Sea. These algae will produce harmful gases during the decay process, which may be dispersed by the wind and have a certain impact on the atmospheric air quality along the coast. In addition, green tides may also affect the balance of marine ecosystems and cause damage to intertidal zone ecosystems, thereby indirectly affecting the atmospheric environment. Air quality evaluation is an important basis for understanding the quality of the atmospheric environment and formulating environmental protection policies and measures. During the period of frequent green tides, evaluating the atmospheric air quality along the coast of the Yellow Sea can timely discover changing trends and potential problems in air quality and ensure public health and environmental safety.

[0003] The existing air quality evaluation system is still based on the idea of ​​atmospheric environment evaluation during the traditional dust pollution period, which does not cover pollutants related to green tides and is difficult to reflect the state of air pollution in a comprehensive manner. As a result, when evaluating the atmospheric air quality, the integrity and accuracy of the evaluation results are affected. Therefore, an evaluation method for measuring the atmospheric air quality along the coast of the Yellow Sea during the green tide period is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide an evaluation method for measuring the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast during the period of frequent green tides, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An evaluation method for measuring the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast during the period of frequent green tides comprises the following steps: Step 1: Establish a monitoring network along the Yellow Sea coast to collect meteorological data, air quality data and data during the green tide in the Yellow Sea coastal area, and pre-process the collected data; Step 2: Based on the pre-processed data, analyze the traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants in the coastal areas of the Yellow Sea to clarify the evaluation targets and pollutant types; Step 3: Based on the evaluation objectives and pollutant types, an air quality evaluation model is constructed to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the air quality along the Yellow Sea coast. Step 4: Construct an air quality evaluation index system for the period of frequent green tides, set different evaluation levels, and set specific evaluation thresholds for each evaluation level; Step 5: Analyze the evaluation results, identify the main factors affecting air quality and the specific impact of green tide on air quality, prepare an air quality evaluation report, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions for improving air quality.

[0006] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 1, the data collection and preprocessing process is as follows: Deploy monitoring stations along the Yellow Sea coast to fully cover the meteorological, air quality and green tide monitoring needs along the Yellow Sea coast. The monitoring stations should be located in open, unobstructed areas to ensure the accuracy and representativeness of the data; According to monitoring requirements, install corresponding meteorological monitoring equipment (anemometer, wind vane, thermometer, hygrometer), air quality monitoring equipment (particle monitor, gas analyzer) and green tide monitoring equipment (satellite remote sensing receiver, underwater camera), and establish a data transmission system to transmit the monitoring data to the data center for storage and analysis. Among them, meteorological monitoring equipment includes anemometer, wind vane, thermometer, hygrometer, air quality monitoring equipment includes particle monitor, gas analyzer, green tide monitoring equipment includes satellite remote sensing receiver, underwater camera; For meteorological data in the Yellow Sea coastal areas, monitor and record wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity data; for air quality data, monitor and record particulate matter concentration and harmful gas concentration data; for data during the green tide, monitor the occurrence of green tides in the Yellow Sea coastal areas and collect data on the time, location, scope, and intensity of the green tides; The collected data is pre-processed through data cleaning, data integration, and data conversion, and the pre-processed data is integrated and uniformly stored in the data warehouse of the data center.

[0007] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 2, the analysis process of the evaluation target and the type of pollutants is: The monitoring data of traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants in the coastal areas of the Yellow Sea were screened out from the pre-processed data, and the types of traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants were analyzed. Traditional air pollutants include particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10, etc.) and harmful gases (sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, ozone, etc.), and green tide-related pollutants include organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients produced by algae metabolism. The data should include time (date, hour), location (monitoring station), type of pollutant and its concentration information; Use pollution source analysis technology (chemical mass balance model) to analyze the sources of traditional atmospheric pollutants, and combine the meteorological conditions (wind direction, wind speed, temperature, etc.) and hydrological conditions (tidal currents, waves, etc.) during the green tide period to simulate the diffusion and transmission process of pollutants using the ocean circulation model to analyze the sources and transmission paths of green tide-related pollutants; By calculating the average concentration, maximum concentration, and minimum concentration of each pollutant, the distribution characteristics of pollutant concentration over time and space (different monitoring sites) are analyzed, and statistical analysis and visualization techniques are used to display the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of pollutant concentration; Assess the impact of traditional atmospheric pollutants on air quality, such as whether they exceed the standard, whether they cause haze, etc.; analyze the impact of traditional atmospheric pollutants on the ecosystem, such as whether they affect plant growth, whether they cause acid rain, etc.; and evaluate the impact of green tides on marine ecosystems, such as whether they lead to a decline in biodiversity, whether they affect fishery resources, etc.; analyze the relationship between green tides and the deterioration of the marine environment, and then take a comprehensive evaluation of the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast as the evaluation target.

[0008] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 3, the construction process of the atmospheric air quality evaluation model is: Extract air quality monitoring data from various monitoring stations along the Yellow Sea coast, including the concentration values ​​of traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants, and screen out meteorological data on wind direction, wind speed, temperature, humidity, and hydrological data on tidal currents and waves; According to the types of pollutants and evaluation targets, the traditional air pollutants are evaluated using the air quality index method. According to the concentration value of each pollutant, its air quality sub-index is calculated, and the maximum value of the air quality sub-index of each pollutant is selected as the value of the air quality index of the monitoring site; The ecological risk assessment method is used to evaluate the pollutants related to green tides. According to the concentration, toxicity and bioavailability parameters of the pollutants related to green tides, the ecological risk index is calculated, the marine ecological environment during the green tide period is comprehensively analyzed, and the ecological risk level of the pollutants related to green tides is assessed. The evaluation results of traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants were normalized to make them have the same dimension and comparability. The evaluation results of the two pollutants were combined to build a comprehensive air quality evaluation model. The evaluation results of the two pollutants were combined using the weighted average method to obtain the final atmospheric air quality evaluation results. The air quality index and ecological risk index are comprehensively analyzed through the weighted average method, the air quality evaluation coefficient is calculated, and the overall status and potential risks of atmospheric air quality are analyzed.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the expression of the air quality index is: ; in, is the air quality index, The larger the value, the more serious the air pollution. is the actual concentration value of the nth pollutant in traditional air pollution. and They are the low and high baseline values ​​of the nth pollutant of traditional air pollution, defining the concentration limits of different pollutants. is the high value of the corresponding air quality sub-index, and n is the number of pollutant types of traditional air pollution; The expression of the ecological risk index is: ; in, is the ecological risk index, The larger the value, the higher the ecological risk level. is the actual concentration value of the jth green tide related pollutant, is the corresponding toxicity response coefficient, which reflects the toxicity characteristics of the pollutant. is the baseline value of the jth green tide-related pollutant, is the maximum allowable concentration of the jth green tide-related pollutant, determined based on ecological and toxicological studies, and m is the number of green tide-related pollutant types.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the expression of the air quality evaluation coefficient is: ; Among them, A is the air quality evaluation coefficient, is the air quality index, determined by the maximum value of the air quality sub-indices. It is an ecological risk index, which is calculated based on the concentration, toxicity and bioavailability parameters of green tide-related pollutants. is the baseline value of the air quality index, taking the median value of the air quality index. is the baseline value of the ecological risk index, taking the median value of the ecological risk index. is the standard deviation of the air quality index, indicating the degree of dispersion of the air quality index. It is the standard deviation of the ecological risk index, which indicates the degree of dispersion of the ecological risk index. It should be noted that the value range of A is from 0 to 1. The closer the value is to 1, the better the air quality.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 4, the process of setting the evaluation level is as follows: Based on the analysis results of traditional atmospheric pollutants and green tide-related pollutants, an air quality evaluation index system for green tide-prone periods was established to evaluate the air quality status during green tide-prone periods. In combination with the output value of the air quality evaluation coefficient and the standard of the air quality evaluation index system, different evaluation levels are set, which are divided into five levels: excellent level, good level, light pollution level, moderate pollution level and heavy pollution level, and corresponding evaluation thresholds are set for each level; Based on the air quality evaluation coefficient and the set evaluation level, the air quality status during the current period of frequent green tides is analyzed, and the current evaluation level is clarified to reflect the quality of the air quality.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the multiple evaluation levels correspond to multiple evaluation thresholds, wherein the evaluation thresholds include an upper threshold and a lower threshold; The multiple evaluation levels and the multiple evaluation thresholds satisfy the following relationship: Excellent grade: ; Good grade: ; Mild pollution level: ; Moderate pollution level: ; Severe pollution level: ; Among them, A is the air quality evaluation coefficient, is the lower threshold corresponding to the excellent level and the upper threshold corresponding to the good level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the good level and the upper threshold corresponding to the light pollution level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the light pollution level and the upper threshold corresponding to the moderate pollution level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the moderate pollution level and the upper threshold corresponding to the severe pollution level, , , , .

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 5, the preparation process of the air quality evaluation report is as follows: Collect and organize monitoring data of traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants, conduct statistical analysis on the data, calculate the average concentration and exceedance rate of each pollutant, compare the concentration changes of different pollutants, identify the pollutants with the greatest impact on air quality, and analyze the reasons for changes in pollutant concentrations in combination with meteorological conditions and pollution source distribution factors; Analyze the concentration changes of green tide-related pollutants such as organic matter and VOCs in the air before and after the green tide outbreak, compare the air quality conditions during the green tide period and the non-green tide period, and then analyze the impact of the green tide on the marine ecosystem; Combine the air quality evaluation coefficient and the set evaluation level to determine the air quality level and analyze the air quality change trend in different time periods and different regions; Summarize the purpose, methods and process of air quality assessment, present the assessment results, including the assessment level, concentration of major pollutants, and the impact of green tide on air quality, and analyze the main factors affecting air quality and the specific impact of green tide, and then generate an air quality assessment report to display the assessment results and analysis process; In the air quality evaluation report, based on the air quality evaluation level, countermeasures are proposed for traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants. For traditional air pollutants, industrial emission supervision is strengthened, enterprises are encouraged to adopt environmental protection technologies, reduce pollutant emissions, optimize the energy structure, and reduce the use of highly polluting energy such as coal. For green tide-related pollutants, marine environmental monitoring and early warning are strengthened, green tide disasters are discovered and dealt with in a timely manner, the causes and mechanisms of green tide disasters are studied, and effective prevention and control plans are explored.

[0014] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advances compared with the prior art: The present invention provides an evaluation method for measuring the atmospheric air quality along the coast of the Yellow Sea during the period of frequent green tides. By constructing a comprehensive evaluation system including traditional atmospheric pollutants and green tide-related pollutants, the air quality along the coast of the Yellow Sea during the period of frequent green tides is evaluated, and the influence of traditional atmospheric pollutants and green tide-related pollutants is comprehensively considered to more comprehensively and accurately reflect the air quality status, provide a scientific basis for formulating effective environmental protection measures, and further improve the accuracy and pertinence of the evaluation.

[0015] The present invention provides an evaluation method for measuring the atmospheric air quality along the coast of the Yellow Sea during the period of frequent green tides. The air quality evaluation coefficient and the set evaluation level are integrated to provide a direct basis for environmental management and policy formulation. When the air quality evaluation coefficient shows that the air quality is poor, strict pollution control measures can be taken; and when the evaluation coefficient shows that the air quality is good, the existing environmental policies can be maintained or appropriately adjusted, which is conducive to achieving continuous improvement of environmental quality and sustainable development of the ecosystem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 The following is a flow chart of constructing the atmospheric air quality evaluation model of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flow chart for setting the evaluation level of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an evaluation method for measuring the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast during the period of frequent green tides, comprising the following steps: Step 1. Establish a monitoring network along the coast of the Yellow Sea, collect meteorological data, air quality data and data during the green tide in the coastal areas of the Yellow Sea, pre-process the collected data, deploy monitoring stations along the coast of the Yellow Sea, and fully cover the meteorological, air quality and green tide monitoring needs along the coast of the Yellow Sea. The monitoring stations should be located in open, unobstructed places to ensure the accuracy and representativeness of the data. According to the monitoring needs, install corresponding meteorological monitoring equipment (anemometers, wind vanes, thermometers, hygrometers), air quality monitoring equipment (particle monitors, gas analyzers) and green tide monitoring equipment (satellite remote sensing receivers, underwater cameras), and establish a data transmission system to transmit the monitoring data to the data center for storage and analysis. Among them, the meteorological monitoring equipment includes anemometers, wind vanes, thermometers, hygrometers; the air quality monitoring equipment includes particle monitors, gas analyzers; the green tide monitoring equipment includes satellite remote sensing receivers, underwater cameras. For the Yellow Sea Meteorological data of coastal areas: monitor and record wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity data; for air quality data, monitor and record particulate matter concentration and harmful gas concentration data; for data during the occurrence of green tides, monitor the occurrence of green tides in the coastal areas of the Yellow Sea, collect the time, location, scope, and intensity data of green tides, and perform pre-processing operations such as data cleaning, data integration, and data conversion on the collected data. Among them, the collected data are checked through data cleaning, and outliers and missing values ​​are identified and processed. For outliers, deletion, replacement, or interpolation methods are used for processing. For missing values, interpolation methods are used to fill them according to the nature and missingness of the data. Through data integration, data from different monitoring sites are merged to form a unified data set. The data are transformed through data transformation to convert non-normally distributed data into normally distributed data, and the pre-processed data are integrated and uniformly stored in the data warehouse of the data center; Step 2. Based on the pre-processed data, analyze the traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants in the coastal areas of the Yellow Sea, clarify the evaluation targets and types of pollutants, screen out the monitoring data of traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants in the coastal areas of the Yellow Sea from the pre-processed data, and analyze the types of traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants. Among them, traditional air pollutants include particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10, etc.) and harmful gases (sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, ozone, etc.), and green tide-related pollutants include organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients produced by algae metabolism. Ensure that the data includes time (date, hour), location (monitoring station), type of pollutant and its concentration information, use pollution source analysis technology (chemical mass balance model) to analyze the source of traditional air pollutants, and combine the meteorological conditions during the green tide (wind direction, wind speed, temperature, etc.) and hydrological conditions (tidal currents, waves, etc.), use ocean circulation models to simulate the diffusion and transmission process of pollutants, analyze the sources and transmission paths of green tide-related pollutants, calculate the average concentration, maximum concentration, and minimum concentration of each pollutant, analyze the distribution characteristics of pollutant concentrations over time and space (different monitoring stations), and use statistical analysis and visualization technology to display the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of pollutant concentrations, evaluate the impact of traditional atmospheric pollutants on air quality, such as whether they exceed the standard and whether they cause haze, analyze the impact of traditional atmospheric pollutants on ecosystems, such as whether they affect plant growth and whether they cause acid rain, and evaluate the impact of green tides on marine ecosystems, such as whether they lead to a decline in biodiversity and whether they affect fishery resources, analyze the relationship between green tides and the deterioration of the marine environment, and then take a comprehensive evaluation of the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast as the evaluation target; Step 3. According to the evaluation objectives and types of pollutants, an atmospheric air quality evaluation model is constructed to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast. The air quality monitoring data of each monitoring station along the Yellow Sea coast are extracted, including the concentration values ​​of traditional atmospheric pollutants and green tide-related pollutants. The meteorological data of wind direction, wind speed, temperature, and humidity, as well as the hydrological data of tidal currents and waves are screened out. According to the types of pollutants and evaluation objectives, the air quality index method is used to evaluate traditional atmospheric pollutants. According to the concentration values ​​of each pollutant, its air quality sub-index is calculated. The maximum value of the air quality sub-index of each pollutant is selected as the value of the air quality index of the monitoring station. The ecological risk assessment method is used to evaluate green tide-related pollutants. According to the concentration, toxicity and bioavailability parameters of green tide-related pollutants, the ecological risk index is calculated, the marine ecological environment during the green tide period is comprehensively analyzed, the ecological risk level of green tide-related pollutants is evaluated, the evaluation results of traditional atmospheric pollutants and green tide-related pollutants are normalized to make them have the same dimension and comparability, and the evaluation results of the two pollutants are combined to construct a comprehensive air quality evaluation model, and the evaluation results of the two pollutants are combined by weighted average method to obtain the final atmospheric air quality evaluation results. The air quality index and ecological risk index are comprehensively analyzed by weighted average method, the air quality evaluation coefficient is calculated, and the overall status and potential risks of atmospheric air quality are analyzed; Furthermore, the expression of air quality index is: ; in, is the air quality index, The larger the value, the more serious the air pollution. is the actual concentration value of the nth pollutant in traditional air pollution. and They are the low and high baseline values ​​of the nth pollutant of traditional air pollution, defining the concentration limits of different pollutants. is the high value of the corresponding air quality sub-index, and n is the number of pollutant types of traditional air pollution; The expression of ecological risk index is: ; in, is the ecological risk index, The larger the value, the higher the ecological risk level. is the actual concentration value of the jth green tide related pollutant, is the corresponding toxicity response coefficient, which reflects the toxicity characteristics of the pollutant. is the baseline value of the jth green tide-related pollutant, is the maximum allowable concentration of the jth green tide-related pollutant, determined based on ecological and toxicological studies, m is the number of green tide-related pollutants, is a limit function, which indicates the ratio between the actual concentration and the maximum allowable concentration, and reflects the relative risk of pollutant concentration. near When the index part Close to 1, it means that the risk level is mainly determined by the toxic response and the baseline value. Much lower than When the index part decreases, indicating that lower concentrations reduce ecological risks. Exceed When the index part tends toward 0, indicating that concentrations exceeding the threshold greatly increase ecological risks; Furthermore, the expression of the air quality evaluation coefficient is: ; Among them, A is the air quality evaluation coefficient, is the air quality index, determined by the maximum value of the air quality sub-indices. It is an ecological risk index, which is calculated based on the concentration, toxicity and bioavailability parameters of green tide-related pollutants. is the baseline value of the air quality index, taking the median value of the air quality index. is the baseline value of the ecological risk index, taking the median value of the ecological risk index. is the standard deviation of the air quality index, indicating the degree of dispersion of the air quality index. is the standard deviation of the ecological risk index, indicating the degree of dispersion of the ecological risk index. or When it approaches its maximum value, the corresponding index part tends to 0, and the whole score tends to 0, indicating that the air quality is very poor or the ecological risk is very high. or When it approaches its minimum value (i.e., good air quality or low ecological risk), the corresponding exponential part tends to positive infinity, and the entire score tends to 1, indicating that the air quality is very good or the ecological risk is very low. It should be noted that the value range of A is 0 to 1, and the closer the value is to 1, the better the air quality; Step 4: Construct an air quality evaluation index system for the period of frequent green tides, set different evaluation levels, and set specific evaluation thresholds for each evaluation level; Step 5: Analyze the evaluation results, identify the main factors affecting air quality and the specific impact of green tide on air quality, prepare an air quality evaluation report, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions for improving air quality.

[0020] Embodiment 2, as Figure 3 As shown, based on Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, in step 4, the process of setting the evaluation level is: Based on the analysis results of traditional atmospheric pollutants and green tide-related pollutants, an air quality evaluation index system for the period of frequent green tides is constructed to evaluate the air quality status during the period of frequent green tides. In combination with the output value of the air quality evaluation coefficient and the standard of the air quality evaluation index system, different evaluation levels are set, which are divided into five levels: excellent level, good level, light pollution level, moderate pollution level and heavy pollution level. A corresponding evaluation threshold is set for each level. Based on the air quality evaluation coefficient and the set evaluation level, the air quality status during the period of frequent green tides is analyzed, and the current evaluation level is clarified, thereby reflecting the quality of air quality. Further, the multiple evaluation levels correspond to multiple evaluation thresholds, wherein the evaluation threshold includes an upper threshold and a lower threshold; Multiple evaluation levels and multiple evaluation thresholds satisfy the following relationship: Excellent grade: ; Good grade: ; Mild pollution level: ; Moderate pollution level: ; Severe pollution level: ; Among them, A is the air quality evaluation coefficient, is the lower threshold corresponding to the excellent level and the upper threshold corresponding to the good level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the good level and the upper threshold corresponding to the light pollution level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the light pollution level and the upper threshold corresponding to the moderate pollution level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the moderate pollution level and the upper threshold corresponding to the severe pollution level, , , , ; In step 5, the preparation process of the air quality assessment report is as follows: Collect and organize monitoring data of traditional atmospheric pollutants and green tide-related pollutants, conduct statistical analysis on the data, calculate the average concentration of each pollutant, exceedance rate index, compare the concentration changes of different pollutants, identify the pollutants with the greatest impact on air quality, and analyze the reasons for changes in pollutant concentrations in combination with meteorological conditions and pollution source distribution factors. Analyze the changes in the concentrations of green tide-related pollutants such as organic matter and VOCs in the air before and after the green tide outbreak, compare the air quality conditions during the green tide and non-green tide period, and then analyze the impact of the green tide on the marine ecosystem. Combined with the air quality evaluation coefficient and the set evaluation level, determine the level of air quality, analyze the trend of air quality changes in different time periods and different regions, and outline the purpose of air quality evaluation. Methods and processes, presenting the evaluation results, including evaluation levels, concentrations of major pollutants, and the impact of green tides on air quality, and analyzing the main influencing factors of air quality and the specific impact of green tides, and then generating an air quality evaluation report, displaying the evaluation results and analysis process. In the air quality evaluation report, based on the air quality evaluation level, countermeasures are proposed for traditional atmospheric pollutants and pollutants related to green tides. For traditional atmospheric pollutants, industrial emission supervision is strengthened, enterprises are encouraged to adopt environmental protection technologies, reduce pollutant emissions, optimize the energy structure, and reduce the use of heavily polluting energy such as coal. For green tide-related pollutants, marine environmental monitoring and early warning are strengthened, green tide disasters are discovered and dealt with in a timely manner, the causes and mechanisms of green tide disasters are studied, and effective prevention and control methods are explored.

[0021] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast during the period of frequent green tides, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Establish a monitoring network along the Yellow Sea coast to collect meteorological data, air quality data and data during the green tide in the Yellow Sea coastal area, and pre-process the collected data; Step 2: Based on the pre-processed data, analyze the traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants in the coastal areas of the Yellow Sea to clarify the evaluation targets and pollutant types; Step 3: Based on the evaluation objectives and pollutant types, an air quality evaluation model is constructed to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the air quality along the Yellow Sea coast. Step 4: Construct an air quality evaluation index system for the period of frequent green tides, set different evaluation levels, and set specific evaluation thresholds for each evaluation level; Step 5: Analyze the evaluation results, identify the main factors affecting air quality and the specific impact of green tide on air quality, and prepare an air quality evaluation report.

2. The method for evaluating the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast during the period of frequent green tides according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the data collection and preprocessing process is as follows: Deploy monitoring stations along the Yellow Sea coast to fully cover the meteorological, air quality and green tide monitoring needs along the Yellow Sea coast; According to monitoring needs, install corresponding meteorological monitoring equipment, air quality monitoring equipment and green tide monitoring equipment, and establish a data transmission system to transmit monitoring data to the data center for storage and analysis. Among them, meteorological monitoring equipment includes anemometers, wind vanes, thermometers, and hygrometers; air quality monitoring equipment includes particle monitors and gas analyzers; green tide monitoring equipment includes satellite remote sensing receivers and underwater cameras; For meteorological data in the Yellow Sea coastal areas, monitor and record wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity data; for air quality data, monitor and record particulate matter concentration and harmful gas concentration data; for data during the green tide, monitor the occurrence of green tides in the Yellow Sea coastal areas and collect data on the time, location, scope, and intensity of the green tides; The collected data is pre-processed through data cleaning, data integration, and data conversion, and the pre-processed data is integrated and uniformly stored in the data warehouse of the data center.

3. The method for evaluating the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast during the period of frequent green tides according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the analysis process of evaluation targets and pollutant types is as follows: The monitoring data of traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants in the coastal areas of the Yellow Sea were screened out from the pre-processed data, and the types of traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants were analyzed. Traditional air pollutants include particulate matter and harmful gases, and green tide-related pollutants include organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients produced by algae metabolism. Use pollution source analysis technology to analyze the sources of traditional atmospheric pollutants, and combine the meteorological and hydrological conditions during the green tide, use the ocean circulation model to simulate the diffusion and transmission process of pollutants, and analyze the sources and transmission paths of green tide-related pollutants; By calculating the average concentration, maximum concentration, and minimum concentration of each pollutant, the distribution characteristics of pollutant concentration over time and space are analyzed, and statistical analysis and visualization techniques are used to display the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of pollutant concentration; Assess the impact of traditional atmospheric pollutants on air quality, analyze the impact of traditional atmospheric pollutants on ecosystems, evaluate the impact of green tides on marine ecosystems, analyze the relationship between green tides and marine environmental deterioration, and then take a comprehensive evaluation of the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast as the evaluation goal.

4. The method for evaluating the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast during the period of frequent green tides according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step 3, the construction process of the atmospheric air quality assessment model is as follows: Extract air quality monitoring data from various monitoring stations along the Yellow Sea coast, including the concentration values ​​of traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants, and screen out meteorological data on wind direction, wind speed, temperature, humidity, and hydrological data on tidal currents and waves; According to the types of pollutants and evaluation targets, the traditional air pollutants are evaluated using the air quality index method. According to the concentration value of each pollutant, its air quality sub-index is calculated, and the maximum value of the air quality sub-index of each pollutant is selected as the value of the air quality index of the monitoring site; The ecological risk assessment method is used to evaluate the pollutants related to green tides. According to the concentration, toxicity and bioavailability parameters of the pollutants related to green tides, the ecological risk index is calculated, the marine ecological environment during the green tide period is comprehensively analyzed, and the ecological risk level of the pollutants related to green tides is assessed. The evaluation results of traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants were normalized, and the evaluation results of the two pollutants were combined to build a comprehensive air quality evaluation model. The evaluation results of the two pollutants were combined using the weighted average method to obtain the final atmospheric air quality evaluation results. The air quality index and ecological risk index are comprehensively analyzed through the weighted average method, the air quality evaluation coefficient is calculated, and the overall status and potential risks of atmospheric air quality are analyzed.

5. The method for evaluating the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast during the period of frequent green tides according to claim 4, characterized in that: The expression of the air quality index is: ； in, is the air quality index, is the actual concentration value of the nth pollutant in traditional air pollution. and They are the low and high baseline values ​​of the nth pollutant of traditional air pollution, is the high value of the corresponding air quality sub-index, and n is the number of pollutant types of traditional air pollution; The expression of the ecological risk index is: ； in, is the ecological risk index, is the actual concentration value of the jth green tide related pollutant, is the corresponding toxicity response coefficient, is the baseline value of the jth green tide-related pollutant, is the maximum allowable concentration of the jth green tide-related pollutant, and m is the number of green tide-related pollutant types.

6. The method for evaluating the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast during the period of frequent green tides according to claim 5, characterized in that: The expression of the air quality evaluation coefficient is: ； Among them, A is the air quality evaluation coefficient, is the air quality index, is the ecological risk index, It is the base value of the air quality index. is the benchmark value of the ecological risk index. is the standard deviation of the air quality index, is the standard deviation of the ecological risk index.

7. The method for evaluating the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast during the period of frequent green tides according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 4, the evaluation level setting process is as follows: Based on the analysis results of traditional atmospheric pollutants and green tide-related pollutants, an air quality evaluation index system for green tide-prone periods was established to evaluate the air quality status during green tide-prone periods. In combination with the output value of the air quality evaluation coefficient and the standard of the air quality evaluation index system, different evaluation levels are set, which are divided into five levels: excellent level, good level, light pollution level, moderate pollution level and heavy pollution level, and corresponding evaluation thresholds are set for each level; Based on the air quality evaluation coefficient and the set evaluation level, the air quality status during the current period of frequent green tides is analyzed, and the current evaluation level is clarified to reflect the quality of the air quality.

8. The method for evaluating the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast during the period of frequent green tides according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plurality of evaluation levels correspond to the plurality of evaluation thresholds, wherein the evaluation thresholds include an upper threshold and a lower threshold; The multiple evaluation levels and the multiple evaluation thresholds satisfy the following relationship: Excellent grade: ; Good grade: ; Mild pollution level: ; Moderate pollution level: ; Severe pollution level: ; Among them, A is the air quality evaluation coefficient, is the lower threshold corresponding to the excellent level and the upper threshold corresponding to the good level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the good level and the upper threshold corresponding to the light pollution level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the light pollution level and the upper threshold corresponding to the moderate pollution level, is the lower threshold corresponding to the moderate pollution level and the upper threshold corresponding to the severe pollution level, , , , .

9. The method for evaluating the atmospheric air quality along the Yellow Sea coast during the period of frequent green tides according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 5, the preparation process of the air quality evaluation report is as follows: Collect and organize monitoring data of traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants, conduct statistical analysis on the data, calculate the average concentration and exceedance rate of each pollutant, compare the concentration changes of different pollutants, identify the pollutants with the greatest impact on air quality, and analyze the reasons for changes in pollutant concentrations in combination with meteorological conditions and pollution source distribution factors; Analyze the concentration changes of green tide-related pollutants such as organic matter and VOCs in the air before and after the green tide outbreak, compare the air quality conditions during the green tide period and the non-green tide period, and then analyze the impact of the green tide on the marine ecosystem; Combine the air quality evaluation coefficient and the set evaluation level to determine the air quality level and analyze the air quality change trend in different time periods and different regions; Summarize the purpose, methods and process of air quality assessment, present the assessment results, and analyze the main factors affecting air quality and the specific impact of green tides, and then generate an air quality assessment report to display the assessment results and analysis process; In the air quality evaluation report, countermeasures against traditional air pollutants and green tide-related pollutants are proposed based on the air quality evaluation level.

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