Equipment integrating fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction product collection

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of accelerators and nuclear physics, and particularly relates to equipment integrating fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction product collection. A guide mechanism which can be fixedly connected or rotationally connected is arranged in equipment which is formed by sequentially connecting a differential vacuum mechanism, a target cavity mechanism, the guide mechanism and a particle collecting mechanism and takes fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction product collection into consideration; therefore, the particle collection mechanism can collect reactants of the target cavity mechanism along the reactant transmission direction. The device can further realize the combination of two experimental devices of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction, and reduces the research and development of a plurality of devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present technology belongs to the field of accelerator and nuclear physics technology, and in particular relates to a device that takes into account both fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction product collection. Background Art

[0002] Synthesizing new nuclides and landing on the island of superheavy nuclei are the frontiers and hot spots of nuclear physics research. At present, people have synthesized the heaviest element 118 based on the fusion evaporation reaction. Affected by the reaction mechanism, the fusion evaporation reaction cannot synthesize neutron-rich nuclides. Theoretical calculations show that the multi-nucleon transfer reaction has a cross-sectional advantage in synthesizing neutron-rich heavy nuclides, and may be a new way to land on the island of superheavy nuclei. However, the products of the multi-nucleon transfer reaction have a large angle and energy distribution, and there is currently no suitable collection device in the world. The reaction products of multi-nucleon transfer have a large angle distribution and are difficult to collect. According to physical calculations, the central angle distribution of the multi-nucleon transfer reaction products is in the range of 30° to 60°. The superconducting spiral tube separator has a large receiving degree, and has a high collection efficiency and good background suppression ability for the multi-nucleon transfer products and fusion evaporation reaction products. The collection and focusing of the product beam is completed by the superconducting spiral tube. Due to the limitations of the excitation intensity and aperture of the superconducting spiral tube, the receiving angle is ≤±13°.

[0003] In the prior art, since the products of the fusion evaporation reaction target are usually generated and flow to the next stage without deflection, they are usually not deflected when collected by the next stage equipment, that is, the deflection angle is 0°. However, the products of the multi-nucleon transfer reaction will be deflected by 30° to 60°, so the next stage equipment needs to be designed to be deflected accordingly to facilitate product collection.

[0004] How to dynamically collect the multi-nucleon transfer reaction within the range of 30-60 degrees and ensure that the entire collection mechanism can achieve a large angle of deflection under vacuum sealing. At the same time, when most of the equipment used for fusion evaporation reaction and multi-nucleon transfer reaction is the same, it is necessary to design two sets of equipment just because part of the structure needs to be adjusted, which results in excessive costs and is not conducive to cost reduction and efficiency improvement. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to develop a small superconducting spiral tube separator prototype for verifying the collection effect of multi-nucleon transfer reaction products, while taking into account the collection of fusion evaporation reaction products. According to the distribution characteristics of the two reaction products, when collecting the fusion evaporation reaction products, the separator will be placed at an angle of 0 degrees; when collecting the multi-nucleon transfer reaction products, the separator target post-device is placed at any angle of 45 degrees ± 15 degrees. The working principle of the entire separator is that the beam of the accelerator interacts with the high-power rotating target, and the unreacted main beam will be collected by the Faraday barrier element set in the center of the spiral tube behind the target; the nuclear reaction products at a large angle will bypass the Faraday cylinder and be collected and transmitted backward under the action of the spiral tube magnetic field. By adjusting the spiral tube magnetic field value, the target ions required for the experiment can be focused on the image point detector behind the spiral tube, while other products with different magnetic stiffness from the target ions will be focused at different positions, thereby achieving the purification of the target ions. In addition, in order to increase the collection efficiency of the target ions, the separator is designed with a charge state balance system filled with He gas, and the He gas pressure is adjustable within a range of less than 2mbar.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present application proposes a device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reactions, comprising a differential vacuum mechanism, a target cavity mechanism, a guide mechanism, and a particle collection mechanism connected in sequence, and a transmission channel is formed inside the differential vacuum mechanism, the target cavity mechanism, the guide mechanism, and the particle collection mechanism;

[0008] The guide mechanism is fixedly connected or rotatably connected to the particle collecting mechanism, so that the particle collecting mechanism can collect the reactants of the target cavity mechanism along the reactant transmission direction.

[0009] By setting up two connecting modes of the guide mechanism, the guide mechanism can connect the target cavity mechanism and the particle collection mechanism in a fixed manner and a rotating manner, thereby providing the particle collection mechanism with multi-angle collection, so as to meet the requirements of the device collection of the reactants of some reactions with angled deflection, such as the collection of the reactants of multi-nucleon transfer, and also take into account the collection of some non-deflected reactant collection devices, such as the collection of the fusion evaporation device. In the above manner, only the guide mechanism on the target cavity needs to be replaced, and the product collection at different angles can be achieved with the cooperation of the rotating mechanism.

[0010] In some embodiments, the guide mechanism is a first guide mechanism; the first guide mechanism is provided with a first connecting plate, a first base, a first flange, and an annular slit assembly; the first base is provided on the first connecting plate, and a first channel is provided inside the first base, the first flange is provided at one end of the first channel, and the annular slit assembly is provided through the first channel;

[0011] The annular slit assembly includes a first driving part, a first slit part, and a first substrate; the first driving part is arranged on the first substrate, and the first slit part is arranged at the driving end of the first driving part to move; the first slit part is provided with a first slit plate and a plurality of first slits, and the plurality of first slits are arranged on the first slit plate.

[0012] When the guiding mechanism is the first guiding mechanism, its function is a guiding mechanism that does not require rotation. This mechanism is mainly used to adapt to reactions without angular deflection of reactant products. For example, when the fusion evaporation reaction products are fused, the product can be collected at a non-deflected angle by setting a first base that does not require rotation. The first channel is the reactant output channel, and an annular slit assembly is set at the same time. A plurality of first slits are arranged, and the size of each first slit can be set to a different aperture. Different first slits are aligned on the reactant first channel through the first driving unit. Different annular slits are used to achieve the passage of beams with different emission angles, and other beams are limited by the slit plate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the guide mechanism is a second guide mechanism; the second guide mechanism is provided with a second connecting plate, a second base, a second flange, and a fluorescent target Faraday assembly; the second base is provided on the second connecting plate, the fluorescent target Faraday assembly is provided on the second base, and the second base is provided with a second channel,

[0014] The fluorescent target Faraday assembly includes a second driving part, a first probe, and a second substrate; the second driving part is arranged on the second substrate, and the first probe is arranged at the driving end of the second driving part for movement; the first probe is provided with a fluorescent target head for profile measurement and a Faraday target head for beam current intensity measurement, and the Faraday probe is arranged at the upper end of the fluorescent target probe.

[0015] When the guide mechanism is a second guide mechanism, it is set as a guide mechanism that needs to be rotated. This mechanism is mainly used to adapt to reactions with angled reaction product deflection, such as products of multi-nuclear reactions. By providing a rotatable second base, for example, by providing a second base with a bellows, the second base is connected to the second flange through the bellows, so that the second guide mechanism can be rotated to collect the deflected reactants. By providing a fluorescent target Faraday assembly, a fluorescent target part is provided for measuring the beam profile, and a Faraday probe is used for measuring the beam current intensity. When the current intensity measurement is required, the Faraday probe moves to the center of the beam, and when the profile measurement is required, the fluorescent target probe moves to the center of the beam.

[0016] In some embodiments, the target cavity mechanism is provided with a target cavity box, a rotating target, a mounting flange, a target front fluorescent target, a switching plate, a first molecular pump, and a gate valve; the mounting flange is provided with the rotating target and the target front fluorescent target to realize a sealed connection between the entire rotating target and the target cavity box, and the mounting flange and the target cavity box are detachably sealed and connected; a rotating support plate is provided on one side of the mounting flange, the rotating target is rotatably arranged on the rotating support plate, and the target front fluorescent target assembly is arranged on the other side of the mounting flange; the first molecular pump is arranged on the other side of the target cavity, and is arranged perpendicular to the pumping direction of the mounting flange, and the gate valve is arranged on one side of the first molecular pump; the switching plate cuts the target cavity box away from the mounting flange and forms an angle formed by the side and the adjacent side;

[0017] The pre-target fluorescent target assembly is provided with a third driving unit, a second probe and a third substrate. The third driving unit (241) is arranged on the third substrate, and the second probe is arranged at the driving end of the third driving unit for movement; it can be moved to the beam center under the driving end of the third driving unit (241).

[0018] The target cavity is where the target point is set. After the beam output by the differential vacuum mechanism is used for target hitting, the generated product is transmitted from the guide mechanism to the particle collection mechanism. By setting a mounting flange on one side of the target cavity, the rotating target can be repaired through the mounting flange, which is convenient for the maintenance and repair of the rotating target. The multiple holes in the first slit part after target hitting are also provided with multiple slits of different apertures. By changing the aligned slits, the beam with the required incident angle can be passed. The first molecular pump and the gate valve are set to realize the vacuum inside the target cavity.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first guide mechanism is connected to the switching plate via a first connecting plate, or the second guide mechanism is connected to the switching plate via a second connecting plate.

[0020] The switching between the first guide mechanism and the second guide mechanism is achieved through the switching plate, so that the entire device can have a fixed connection or a rotational connection.

[0021] In some embodiments, the particle collection mechanism includes a particle screening mechanism, a particle detection mechanism and a rotating mechanism; one end of the particle screening mechanism is connected to the guide mechanism, and the other end is connected to the particle detection mechanism; the rotating mechanism includes a rotating table and a rotating assembly, the rotating table is arranged below the particle collection mechanism, and the rotating assembly is arranged below the rotating table, and the rotating table is rotated by the rotating assembly.

[0022] The particle collection mechanism mainly realizes the collection and analysis of reaction particles. In order to improve the accuracy of detection, a particle screening mechanism is often set up during collection. The particle screening mechanism can not only screen unreacted particles, but also further improve the efficiency of collecting reactants. At the same time, because the reactants have a deflection angle when collecting the products of multi-nucleon transfer reactions, a rotation mechanism is set up to collect reactants with angled deflection through the rotation mechanism and the second guide mechanism.

[0023] In some embodiments, the rotating assembly includes an arc-shaped rack, a plurality of arc-shaped guide rails, a rotating gear, and a rotating motor; the rotating motor is disposed on a rotating table, the rotating gear is disposed at a driving end of the rotating motor, and the rotating gear is meshed with the arc-shaped rack; the arc-shaped rack and the arc-shaped guide rail are disposed on a circle with the target cavity mechanism as the center.

[0024] The rotating assembly meshes with the fixed arc-shaped rack through the rotating gear of the rotating motor, and cooperates with the arc-shaped guide rail to make the entire particle collection mechanism rotate in a circle around the target point.

[0025] In some embodiments, the particle screening mechanism includes a first screening device and a second screening device, the first screening device and the second screening device are connected in sequence and form a reactant channel therein.

[0026] The particle screening mechanism may be provided with a multi-stage screening device, which can be adapted to the purification of products of a variety of different reactions through multi-stage screening, and can also realize multi-stage purification of reactants by the device.

[0027] In some embodiments, the first screening device is a superconducting spiral tube device, which is provided with a tank body, the middle of the tank body is hollow and installation holes are provided in the middle of both sides of the tank body, and the vacuum pipe passes through the installation holes so that the entire tank body is sleeved outside the vacuum pipe; the tank body can move radially along the central axis direction of the vacuum pipe; a Faraday blocker assembly is provided inside the vacuum pipe to block the main beam of 0 degrees; one end of the vacuum pipe is connected to the guide mechanism, and the other end is connected to the second screening device;

[0028] The Faraday blocker assembly includes a first insulating ring, a second insulating ring, a blocker element, a first kovar, and a first water-cooling tube; the first insulating ring and the second insulating ring are respectively arranged inside the vacuum pipe, and the first kovar is arranged at the inlet end of the first water-cooling tube; the blocker element is arranged between the first insulating ring and the second insulating ring.

[0029] The first screening device may be a superconducting spiral tube. Through the magnetic field generated in the superconducting spiral tube, the reactants can be deflected by the magnetic field inside the vacuum pipe and then transmitted backwards, and the unnecessary main beam is blocked by the blocker element, thereby achieving separation of reactants and non-reactants.

[0030] In some embodiments, the second screening device includes an annular stand and a plurality of shielding components;

[0031] The annular stand includes a stand body and a pipeline body; the pipeline body is arranged on the stand body, and a reactant flow channel is arranged inside the pipeline body; the shielding component is arranged on the pipeline body;

[0032] The shielding assembly includes a fourth driving part, a fourth substrate, and a shielding part; the fourth driving part is arranged on the fourth substrate, and the fourth driving part drives the shielding part to move in the second channel to shield.

[0033] The second screening device shields non-reactants through the cooperation of the shielding part and the driving part, thereby achieving scraping and purification of the reactants.

[0034] In some embodiments, the particle detection mechanism includes a detection box, a gas detector detection component, and a detection drive component;

[0035] The detection drive assembly is arranged on one side of the detection box, the driving part of the detection drive assembly is arranged outside the cavity, the driving part is provided with a driving platform, the gas detector detection assembly is arranged on the driving platform and a switch door structure is arranged on the side of the detection box.

[0036] The detection device, including an ionization chamber detector, is used to detect the beam collected inside the detection box.

[0037] In some embodiments, the differential vacuum mechanism includes multiple beam devices and a Faraday device; the multiple beam devices are provided with interconnected beam cavities and after being connected in sequence, the multiple beam devices are internally formed into beam channels and a second molecular pump is provided to evacuate the channel, the beam channel is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is connected to the accelerator vacuum pipe, and the outlet is connected to the target cavity mechanism.

[0038] Differential vacuum achieves vacuum transition between the accelerator and separator through differential technology; ensuring that the accelerator cavity exceeds the vacuum requirement while meeting the low-pressure working mode of the separator.

[0039] In some embodiments, the beam device includes a mounting flange, a beam probe, a second kovar, a beam scraper ring, a plurality of connecting rods, and a guide tube; one end of the plurality of connecting rods is arranged on the mounting flange, the beam probe and the beam scraper ring are respectively connected to the other end of the beam connecting rods, one end of the second water-cooling tube is connected to an external coolant source and is arranged on the mounting flange, one end of the second kovar is arranged at the other end of the second water-cooling tube, the other end of the second kovar is connected to the beam scraper ring, and the beam scraper ring and the beam position probe are both arranged in the beam channel.

[0040] The beam device is also equipped with a beam scraper ring to block stray beams and limit the passing beam to a certain range. In order to reduce the damage to the beam scraper ring caused by excessive heat deposited when the external beam passes through, the beam scraper ring is further cooled by the cooling system to protect it.

[0041] In some embodiments, the Faraday device includes a fifth driving unit, a fifth substrate, and a Faraday assembly, wherein the fifth driving unit is disposed on the fifth substrate, and the fifth driving unit drives the Faraday assembly to move in the beam channel.

[0042] By driving the Faraday probe to move in the beam channel, the beam intensity of the beam channel can be detected.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction of the present invention are:

[0044] In the device for collecting products of both fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction, a guide mechanism that can be fixedly connected or rotatably connected is provided in a differential vacuum mechanism, a target cavity mechanism, a guide mechanism, and a particle collection mechanism that are connected in sequence, so that the particle collection mechanism can collect reactants of the target cavity mechanism along the reactant transport direction. The above device can further realize the combination of two experimental devices of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction, reducing the research and development of multiple devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 A top view of the device for collecting products of the present invention combining fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction connected to the second guide mechanism Figure 1 ;

[0046] Figure 2 A top view of the device for collecting products of the present invention combining fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction connected to the first guide mechanism Figure 2 ;

[0047] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the first guide mechanism of the device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0048] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the first guide mechanism of the device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an annular slit assembly of the device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reactions according to the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the second guide mechanism of the device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0051] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the second guide mechanism of the device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0052] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fluorescent target Faraday assembly of the device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reactions according to the present invention;

[0053] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a target rotation device for collecting products of a fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to the present invention;

[0054] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a first molecular pump of the device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reactions according to the present invention;

[0055] Fig.11 A top view of the device for collecting products of the present invention combining fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reactions Figure 3 ;

[0056] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reactions according to the present invention;

[0057] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the Faraday barrier structure of the device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reactions according to the present invention;

[0058] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a second particle screening device of the device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reactions according to the present invention;

[0059] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a particle detection mechanism of the device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reactions according to the present invention;

[0060] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of a differential vacuum mechanism of the device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reactions according to the present invention;

[0061] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of the structure of a beam device of the present invention for collecting products of both fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reactions;

[0062] Fig.18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Faraday device of the present invention for collecting products of both fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reactions.

[0063] Reference numerals:

[0064] 100, differential vacuum mechanism; 110, beam device; 111, mounting flange; 112, beam position probe; 113, second kovar; 114, beam scraper ring; 115, connecting rod; 116, second water cooling pipe; 120, second molecular pump; 130, Faraday device; 131, fifth driving unit; 132, fifth substrate; 133, Faraday probe;

[0065] 200, target cavity mechanism; 210, target cavity box; 220, rotating target; 230, mounting flange; 240, fluorescent target assembly in front of target; 241, third driving part; 242, second probe; 243, third substrate; 250, switching board; 260, first molecular pump; 270, plug valve;

[0066] 300, guide mechanism; 310, first guide mechanism; 311, first connecting plate; 312, first base; 313, first flange; 314, annular slit assembly; 3141, first substrate; 3142, first driving unit; 3143, first slit; 3144, first slit plate; 320, second guide mechanism; 321, second connecting plate; 322, second base; 323, second flange; 324, fluorescent target Faraday assembly; 3241, second substrate; 3242, second driving unit; 3243, fluorescent target probe; 3244, Faraday probe;

[0067] 400, particle collecting mechanism; 410, first particle screening device; 411, superconducting spiral tube; 412, first insulating ring; 413, second insulating ring; 414, blocker element; 415, first kovar; 416, first water cooling tube; 420, second particle screening device; 421, gantry body; 422, vacuum pipe; body; 423, shielding assembly; 4231, fourth driving part; 4232, fourth substrate; 4233, shielding part; 424, spiral tube; 430, rotating mechanism; 431, arc-shaped rack; 432, arc-shaped guide rail; 433, rotating motor; 440, particle detection mechanism; 441, detection box; 442, detector detection assembly; 443, detector driving assembly; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other, and the detailed descriptions in the specific implementation methods should be understood as explanations of the purpose of the present invention and should not be regarded as improper limitations on the present invention.

[0069] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the specific technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0070] In the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0071] In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, directional terms such as "up", "down", "left" and "right" are defined relative to the orientation of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, and they may change accordingly according to the changes in the orientation of the components in the drawings.

[0072] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0073] In the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0074] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the related in a specific way.

[0075] Embodiment 1:

[0076] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reactions, comprising a differential vacuum mechanism 100, a target cavity mechanism 200, a guide mechanism 300, and a particle collection mechanism 400 connected in sequence, and a transmission channel is formed inside the differential vacuum mechanism 100, the target cavity mechanism 200, the guide mechanism 300, and the particle collection mechanism 400;

[0077] The guide mechanism 300 is fixedly connected or rotatably connected to the particle collecting mechanism 400 , so that the particle collecting mechanism 400 can collect the reactants of the target cavity mechanism 200 along the reactant transmission direction.

[0078] Specifically, the target cavity needs to be filled with low-pressure gas, while the accelerator vacuum cavity is ultra-high vacuum. The differential vacuum achieves vacuum transition between the accelerator and the separator through differential technology, ensuring that the accelerator cavity exceeds the vacuum requirement while meeting the low-pressure working mode of the separator.

[0079] Furthermore, in order to adapt to the collection and continuous verification of the fusion evaporation reactants with the reactant exit direction of 0° and the multi-nucleon transfer reaction products deflected within the range of about 30° to 60°, a rotatably connected alternative structure can be set at the guide mechanism 300 between the reactant exit and the particle collection mechanism 400. By adding the alternative structure and the corresponding rotating parts, the particle collection mechanism 400 is formed to rotate in a vacuum-sealed state, and then the reactants are collected, so that the guide mechanism 300 can achieve fixed-direction collection and rotational collection of the particle collection mechanism 400 with the cooperation of the rotating mechanism, and can further adapt to the collection of unidirectional fusion evaporation reaction products and multi-angle multi-nucleon transfer products. Furthermore, in a more preferred embodiment, a motion control system can be set, and the system sets a sensor on the rotating mechanism, and further realizes the control of the rotation angle according to the feedback data to achieve the desired experimental effect.

[0080] A more preferred solution based on this also includes setting a gas flow control system in the whole device, whose function is to fill He gas in the device to balance the charge state. The beneficial effect of this system is that the charge state distribution of the fusion evaporation product and the product of the multi-nucleon transfer reaction is very wide. By filling He gas in the whole device to balance the charge state, the reactants can maintain the required charge state, which is further conducive to the collection of the reaction products. The gas flow control system may include a flow meter, a vacuum gauge, a solenoid valve, a control air pump, a control unit, etc., and the switch of the He filling is realized by detecting the internal air pressure, so that the pressure is kept adjustable within a range of less than 2mbar.

[0081] The beneficial effect of the device is that by setting the guide mechanism 300 with two connection modes, the guide mechanism 300 can connect the target cavity mechanism 200 and the particle collection mechanism 400 in a fixed manner and a rotating manner, thereby providing the particle collection mechanism 400 with multi-angle collection, so as to meet the angled deflection of reactants in some reactions, such as the collection of reactants of multi-nucleon transfer, and at the same time, it can also take into account the collection of some non-deflected reactant collection devices, such as the collection of fusion evaporation devices. Through the above method, most of the equipment is consistent, and the two devices of multi-nucleon transfer reactants whose product collection angle needs to be adjusted and fusion evaporation whose product collection angle does not need to be adjusted are integrated into one set of devices, thereby reducing the development of multiple devices, thereby reducing research costs.

[0082] Embodiment 2:

[0083] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 to Figure 5 As shown, based on Example 1, this example proposes an implementation method of Example 1, and further explains and optimizes the structure mentioned in Example 1.

[0084] In some embodiments, the guide mechanism 300 is a first guide mechanism 310; the first guide mechanism 310 is provided with a first connecting plate 311, a first base 312, a first flange 313, and an annular slit assembly 314; the first base 312 is provided on the first connecting plate 311, and a first channel is provided inside the first base 312, the first flange 313 is provided at one end of the first channel, and the annular slit assembly 314 is provided through the first channel;

[0085] The annular slit assembly 314 includes a first driving portion 3142, a first slit portion, and a first substrate 3141; the first driving portion 3142 is arranged on the first substrate 3141, and the first slit portion is arranged at the driving end of the first driving portion 3142 for movement; the first slit portion is provided with a first slit plate 3144 and a plurality of first slits 3143, and the plurality of first slits 3143 are arranged on the first slit plate 3144.

[0086] Specifically, the first guide mechanism 310 is provided with a first connecting plate 311, a first base 312 is fixed in the middle of the first connecting plate 311, and the first base 312 has at least one mounting surface, which is perpendicular to the emission direction of the reactants generated by the fusion evaporation, and because the reactants of the fusion evaporation are in a single direction, there is no need to rotate the angle. On the mounting surface, a first channel is extended, and the entrance of the first channel can face the rear of the target to directly receive the reaction product, and a first flange 313 is arranged at the outlet of the first channel, and the first flange 313 can be a special-shaped flange to realize the transmission of the reactants from the first channel to the first flange 313 and then to the next level mechanism. The annular slit assembly 314 is vertically arranged in the pipeline. For easier fixing, a second pipeline vertically connected to the first channel can be arranged, wherein the middle of the first channel and the second pipeline is hollowed out, a fixing box is arranged at the upper end of the second pipeline, and the annular slit assembly 314 is arranged in the internal space composed of the fixing box and the second pipeline, wherein the first substrate 3141 and the first driving part 3142 are fixed in the fixing box, the first slit part is arranged in the second pipeline, and the first slit part can be driven by the first driving part 3142, and move up and down in the second pipeline, so that the first slit plate 3144 of the first slit part moves up and down, thereby changing the alignment of different first slits 3143 with the first channel. Further, the first slits 3143 can be arranged from bottom to top and the apertures of the large and small ring holes are also arranged from small to large, so as to further realize the control of different calibers to further control the aperture size and angle of the reactant. The first driving part 3142 may be composed of a driving motor, a bellows, a guide rail, and a driving pedestal. The driving motor driving part fixes the driving pedestal, and the driving pedestal is further slidably arranged on the guide rail, and the bellows is arranged on the driving pedestal. The driving motor pushes the driving pedestal to slide, so that the bellows is compressed or extended. The first slit plate 3144 is further connected to the other end of the bellows, or the telescopic device on the first slit plate 3144 is connected, so that the bellows pushes the first slit 3143 to move. In this embodiment, the first slit plate 3144 moves up and down in the second channel. The driving motor, bellows, guide rail, and driving pedestal can be fixed in a fixed box. During installation, the center line of the first flange 313 is at an angle of 0° to the center line of the differential vacuum mechanism 100.

[0087] When the guide mechanism 300 is the first guide mechanism 310, its function is a guide mechanism 300 that does not require rotation. This mechanism is mainly used to adapt to reactions without angular deflection of reactant products, such as when fusing and evaporating reaction products, by setting a first base 312 that does not require rotation, the product can be collected at a non-deflected angle, wherein the first channel is the reactant output channel, and an annular slit assembly 314 is set at the same time, through a plurality of first slits 3143 arranged, and the size of each first slit 3143 can be set to a different aperture, and the first driving part 3142 is used to align different first slits 3143 on the reactant first channel to achieve changes in the aperture and angle of the product channel.

[0088] Further, such as Figures 9 to 18 As shown,

[0089] In some embodiments, the target cavity mechanism 200 is provided with a target cavity box 210, a rotating target 220, a mounting flange 230, a target front fluorescent target 240, a switching plate 250, a first molecular pump 260, and a gate valve 270; the mounting flange 230 is provided with the rotating target and the target front fluorescent target to realize the sealed connection between the entire rotating target and the target cavity box 210, and the mounting flange 230 and the target cavity box 210 are detachably sealed and connected; a rotating support plate is provided on one side of the mounting flange 230, and the rotating target 220 is rotatably arranged on the rotating support plate, and the target front fluorescent target assembly 240 is arranged on the other side of the mounting flange 230; the first molecular pump 260 is arranged on the other side of the target cavity, and is arranged perpendicular to the pumping direction of the mounting flange 230, and the gate valve 270 is arranged on one side of the first molecular pump 260; the switching plate 250 cuts the angle formed by the side of the target cavity box 210 away from the mounting flange 230 and the adjacent side;

[0090] The pre-target fluorescent target assembly 240 is provided with a third driving unit 241, a second probe 242 and a third substrate 243. The third driving unit 241 is arranged on the third substrate 243, and the second probe 242 is arranged at the driving end of the third driving unit 241 for movement; and moves to the beam center at the driving end of the third driving unit (241).

[0091] Specifically, the target cavity box 210 can be set as a cube, and a beam inlet is set on a group of opposite faces so that the differential vacuum mechanism 100 can input the beam from the inlet, and a reactant outlet is set on the corresponding other side, and the reactant outlet is connected to the first channel so that the reactant is output to the next-level mechanism. A pumping port is set on an adjacent side surface, and the rotating plate set on the mounting flange 230 can be installed into the target cavity box 210 at the pumping port, and when the mounting flange 230 is fixed, the target point of the rotating target 220 set on the rotating plate can be just set in the space formed between the beam inlet and the reactant outlet, so that the beam can hit the target point through the beam inlet. A switching plate 250 is provided, and the switching plate 250 cuts the angle formed by the side of the target cavity box 210 away from the mounting flange 230 and the adjacent side. More specifically, the switching plate 250 cuts the side of the target cavity box 210 away from the mounting flange 230 and the adjacent side and is provided on the side where the reactant outlet is located, wherein the cutting plate bevels the channel between the beam inlet and the reactant outlet, and the original target cavity box 210 outlet is changed to be provided on the switching plate 250, so that when the first guide mechanism 310 is installed, the outlet of the switching plate 250 is installed corresponding to the first channel, thereby forming a complete channel for the beam inlet, the outlet of the switching plate 250, and the first flange 313. A plurality of mounting holes are provided on the peripheral side of the switching plate 250, so that the first connecting plate 311 of the first guide mechanism 310 can be fixedly installed through the mounting holes. At the lower end of the target cavity mechanism 200 in actual use, a molecular pump and a plurality of gate valves 270 are also connected to realize atmospheric vacuum inside the target cavity mechanism 200.

[0092] The beneficial effect of this method is that the target cavity is the location where the target point is set. After the beam wave output by the differential vacuum mechanism 100 is used for target shooting, the generated product is guided by the guide mechanism 300 to the particle collection mechanism 400. By setting a mounting flange 230 on one side of the target cavity, the rotating target is inspected and repaired through the mounting flange 230, which facilitates the maintenance and inspection of the rotating target. The multiple holes of the first slit part after target shooting are provided with multiple slits of different apertures, and the rotating target 220 is provided with a third slit component having the same structure as the first slit 3143 component. By changing the slit on the third slit part 242, the slit is provided with multiple slits of different apertures like the multiple holes of the first slit part. By changing the aligned slits, the number of required incident angles can be achieved. The first molecular pump 260 and the gate valve 270 are provided to realize vacuuming inside the target cavity.

[0093] In some embodiments, the first guide mechanism 310 is connected to the switching plate 250 through a first connecting plate 311. Specifically, the first guide mechanism 310 is fixedly connected through fixing holes on the periphery of the first connecting plate 311 and connecting holes fixed on the switching plate 250 so that the first guide mechanism 310 is fixed on the target cavity mechanism 200.

[0094] In some embodiments, the particle collection mechanism 400 includes a particle screening mechanism, a particle detection mechanism 440 and a rotating mechanism 430; one end of the particle screening mechanism is connected to the guide mechanism 300, and the other end is connected to the particle detection mechanism 440; the rotating mechanism 430 includes a rotating table and a rotating assembly, the rotating table is arranged below the particle collection mechanism 400, and the rotating assembly is arranged below the rotating table, and the rotating table is rotated by the rotating assembly.

[0095] Specifically, the particle collection mechanism 400 includes a particle screening mechanism, a particle detection mechanism 440 and a rotation mechanism 430, wherein the first guide mechanism 310 that does not need to be rotated is adapted in this embodiment, and during installation, the particle collection mechanism 400 can be set according to the beam direction and the reactant generation direction without using the rotation mechanism 430 for adjustment. The particle screening mechanism and the particle detection mechanism 440 are connected in sequence, and a channel is formed inside to achieve ion screening and detection.

[0096] The particle collection mechanism 400 is mainly used to collect and analyze the reaction particles. In order to improve the accuracy of the detection, a particle screening mechanism is often set up during the collection. The particle screening mechanism can not only screen the unreacted particles, but also further improve the efficiency of collecting the reactants. At the same time, because the reactants have a deflection angle when collecting the products of the multi-nucleon transfer reaction, a rotation mechanism 430 is set up. The rotation mechanism 430 cooperates with the rotation of the second flange 323 in the second guide mechanism 320 in the rotation groove to realize the collection of the reactants with angle deflection.

[0097] In some embodiments, the rotating assembly includes an arc-shaped rack 431, a plurality of arc-shaped guide rails 432, a rotating gear, and a rotating motor 433; the rotating motor 433 is disposed on a rotating table, the rotating gear is disposed at a driving end of the rotating motor 433, and the rotating gear is meshed with the arc-shaped rack 431; the arc-shaped rack 431 and the arc-shaped guide rails 432 are disposed on a circumference with the target cavity mechanism 200 as the center. Specifically, in this embodiment, the rotating table can be fixed at the direction formed by the beam inlet and the reactant outlet, and there is no need to use the rotating table for rotation.

[0098] The rotating assembly meshes with the fixed arc-shaped rack 431 through the rotating gear of the rotating motor 433, and cooperates with the arc-shaped guide rail 432 to make the entire particle collection mechanism 400 rotate in a circle around the target cavity mechanism 200 as the center. In actual use, the rotation center of the rotating assembly is the target point, and the rotating assembly also includes a heavy-loaded thrust bearing for rotation. In order to obtain the rotation angle, a rotary encoder is also provided for obtaining the rotation angle.

[0099] In some embodiments, the first screening device 410 is a superconducting spiral tube device, which is provided with a tank body 424, which is hollow in the middle and has mounting holes in the middle of both sides of the tank body 424, through which the vacuum pipe passes, so that the entire tank body 424 is sleeved outside the vacuum pipe; the tank body 424 can move radially along the central axis direction of the vacuum pipe 411; a Faraday blocker assembly is provided inside the vacuum pipe to block the main beam of 0 degrees; one end of the vacuum pipe is connected to the guide mechanism 300, and the other end is connected to the second screening device 420;

[0100] The Faraday blocker assembly includes a first insulating ring 412, a second insulating ring 413, a blocker element 414, a first kovar 415, and a first water-cooling tube 416; the first insulating ring 412 and the second insulating ring 413 are respectively arranged inside the vacuum pipe 411, and the first kovar 415 is arranged at the inlet end of the first water-cooling tube 416; the blocker element 414 is arranged between the first insulating ring 412 and the second insulating ring 413, and the first insulating ring 412 and the second insulating ring 413 are usually circular ring structures made of tungsten wire insulation material, wherein the blocker element 414 is supported on the central axis of the insulating ring through the tungsten wire insulation circular ring structure of the first insulating ring 412 and the second insulating ring 413.

[0101] Specifically, the first screening device 410 may be a superconducting spiral tube device, the superconducting spiral tube includes a tank body 424, a vacuum pipe 411, the tank body 424 is arranged outside the vacuum pipe 411, and the vacuum pipe 411 is arranged on the axis of the tank body 424, the first insulating ring 412 and the second insulating ring 413 are arranged inside the vacuum pipe 411, and the tungsten wire is stretched from the circumference of the insulating ring to the center, and the blocker element 414 is fixed, so that the blocker element 414 is fixed in the middle of the vacuum pipe 411, and the first Kovar 415 is arranged to communicate with the water cooling pipe 416, and the blocker element 414 is fixed in parallel through the water cooling pipe 416, and is arranged to fit the inner wall of the vacuum pipe 411, so as to avoid the water cooling pipe 416 blocking part of the reactants, and then the water cooling pipe 416 is used to realize the cooling of the inside of the vacuum pipe 411. The unreacted beam with small kinetic energy and the beam with incomplete reaction are blocked by the blocker element 414. The beneficial effect of this method is that the first screening device 410 can be a superconducting spiral tube, and the magnetic field generated in the superconducting spiral tube allows the reactants to bypass the Faraday barrier cup magnetic field collection and transmit backward, while the central main beam of the non-reactants is blocked by the barrier element 414, so as to achieve the separation of reactants and non-reactants. In some more preferred embodiments, there is a movable guide rail, which is arranged on the rotating table of the rotating assembly, and the spiral tube 424 is arranged on the guide rail to move forward and backward to adjust the magnetic field and optimize the collection. Among them, the spiral tube 424 can be a low-temperature superconducting coil assembly, which includes a superconducting coil, which is installed inside the tank 424, and the internal coil is cooled by a refrigeration head. The coil realizes superconducting performance in a low-temperature environment, and the superconducting coil generates a super-strong magnetic field. The entire superconducting spiral tube is sleeved outside the vacuum pipe. The barrier element 414 can be a Faraday barrier, which is sleeved inside the vacuum pipe 411 through the Faraday barrier, and the first Kovar 415 is a ceramic Kovar, and the water cooling pipe 416 is cooled by deionized water. Preferably, the superconducting spiral tube is a low-temperature superconducting coil assembly, the superconducting coil is installed inside the tank 411, the internal coil is cooled by a refrigeration head, the coil realizes superconducting performance in a low-temperature environment, the superconducting coil generates an ultra-strong magnetic field, and the conditional magnetic field strength realizes the screening and collection of unwanted beams. The first water-cooling pipe 416 is used to water-cool the blocking element, and the water light is led out along the lower part of the vacuum pipe, which can minimize the blocking of the beam.

[0102] In some embodiments, the second screening device 420 includes a ring-shaped stand and a plurality of shielding components 423;

[0103] The annular stand includes a stand body 421 and a pipe body 422; the pipe body 422 is arranged on the stand body 421, and a reactant flow channel is arranged inside the pipe body 422; the shielding component 423 is arranged around the pipe body 422;

[0104] The shielding assembly 423 includes a fourth driving part 4231 , a fourth substrate 4232 , and a shielding part 4233 ; the fourth driving part 4231 is disposed on the fourth substrate 4232 , and the fourth driving part 4231 drives the shielding part 4233 to move in the second channel for shielding.

[0105] Specifically, the second screening device 420 can be a four-dimensional slit, which is used to block stray beams and purify products. The four-dimensional slit is composed of four independent shielding components 423 and a ring stand installed on the vacuum chamber. The shielding component 423 can move independently, and the fourth driving part 4231 can be the same structure as the first driving part 3142, and the driving end is connected to the chamber shielding part 4233, and the shielding part 4233 can be a blocking plate, which is driven by the fourth driving part 4231 to move back and forth. The four shielding components 423 are installed on the vacuum chamber up, down, left and right, and can limit the stray beams in four directions of the beam. The shielding component 423 is a dynamic sealing bellows structure, and an external sensor and a limit switch are arranged on the outside for monitoring the slit position. One end of the vacuum chamber in the pipe body 422 is connected to the vacuum pipe inside the spiral tube, and the tail is connected to the detector cavity assembly. The beneficial effect of this method is that the second screening device 420 moves in the flow channel to block the non-reactants through the cooperation of the shielding part 4233 and the driving part, thereby achieving the scraping and purification of the reactants. The four-dimensional slit can move independently, driving the shielding part 4233 to move forward and backward. The four shielding components 423 are installed on the vacuum chamber up and down and left and right to limit the stray beams in four directions of the beam. The shielding parts 4233 of the shielding components 423 that are opposite to each other are staggered to ensure that the shielding parts 4233 are merged in pairs to ensure that the beam can be completely blocked when needed. The pipe body 422 of the four-dimensional slit is a dynamic sealing bellows structure, and an external sensor and a limit switch are arranged on the outside for monitoring the position of the slit. One end of the pipe body 422 of the four-dimensional slit is connected to the vacuum pipe inside the pipe body 422, and the other end is connected to the particle detection mechanism 440.

[0106] In some embodiments, the particle detection mechanism 440 includes a detection box 441, a gas detector detection component 442, and a detection drive component 443;

[0107] The detection drive component 443 is arranged on one side of the detection box 441, the driving part of the detection drive component 443 is arranged inside the cavity, the driving part is provided with a driving platform, the gas detector detection component 442 is arranged on the driving platform and the side of the detection box 441 is provided with a switch door structure.

[0108] Specifically, the detection box 441 is provided with manually openable double windows on both sides for the installation and maintenance of the detector, and is also provided with an openable upper cover. The detector cavity is provided with two sets of gas detection components. The two sets of gas detectors inside the detection box 441 move forward and backward along the guide rail inside the vacuum cavity under the drive of the detection drive component 443. The vacuum cavity and the upper cover in the detection box 441 are provided with flange interfaces and feed-through electrodes of various specifications for the introduction of gas detector signals and high voltage. The side of the cavity is provided with a plug valve 270, a molecular pump and a vacuum gauge for obtaining the vacuum of the detector cavity and monitoring the vacuum state.

[0109] In some embodiments, the differential vacuum mechanism 100 includes a plurality of beam devices 110 and a Faraday device 130; the plurality of beam devices 110 are provided with interconnected beam cavities and after being connected in sequence, the plurality of beam devices 110 are internally formed into beam channels and a second molecular pump 120 is provided to evacuate the channel, the beam channel is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is connected to the accelerator vacuum pipe, and the outlet is connected to the target cavity mechanism 200.

[0110] Specifically, the differential vacuum mechanism 100 is provided with a plurality of vacuum ports, and at least one vacuum port is provided in each beam device 110. A plurality of second molecular pumps 120 are installed at the vacuum ports, and a plurality of corresponding front-stage dry pumps are provided at the front end of the second molecular pump 120. A plurality of vacuum gauges are provided on the beam channels formed inside the plurality of beam devices 110 to realize the detection of the beam.

[0111] The beneficial effect of this method is that the differential vacuum mechanism 100 forms a beam channel by setting up a multi-stage beam device 110, and different vacuum segments are formed in the multi-stage beam device 110 through different second molecular pumps 120, so as to realize the external input of the differential vacuum mechanism 100, which is generally an ultra-vacuum beam, and is transitioned from the differential vacuum segment mechanism to a beam state in the atmosphere, thereby preventing the high-speed beam from breaking through and damaging the equipment.

[0112] In some embodiments, the beam device 110 includes a mounting flange 111, a beam probe 112, a second kovar 113, a beam scraping ring 114, a plurality of connecting rods 115, and a second water-cooling tube 116; one end of the plurality of connecting rods 115 is disposed on the mounting flange 111, the beam probe 112 and the beam scraping ring 114 are respectively connected to the other end of the beam connecting rod 115, one end of the second water-cooling tube 116 is connected to an external coolant source and is disposed on the mounting flange 111, one end of the second kovar 113 is disposed at the other end of the second water-cooling tube 116, the other end of the second kovar 113 is connected to the beam scraping ring 114, and the beam scraping ring 114 and the beam probe 112 are both disposed in the beam channel. Specifically, the beam probe 112 and the beam scraping ring 114 can be a beam scraping ring 114 BPM probe assembly, which also includes a BPM position detector front end, and the beam scraping ring 114 is disposed at the BPM position detector front end. The beneficial effect of this method is to achieve the absorption of beam energy, reduce the excessive energy when the external beam is input, which may cause the equipment or target to be broken down, and further cool the beam scraper ring 114 through the cooling system to reduce the damage caused by excessive heat of the beam scraper ring 114 itself. The beam scraper ring 114 is arranged in front of the BPM position detector to limit the beam aperture and prevent the beam from hitting the BPM measuring plate and affecting the beam measurement. The beneficial effect of this device is that the beam device 110 is also provided with a beam scraper ring 114 to achieve the blocking of stray beams and limit the passing beam to a certain range. In order to reduce the damage caused by excessive heat deposited when the external beam passes through, the beam scraper ring 114 is further cooled by the cooling system to achieve the protection of the beam scraper ring 114.

[0113] In some embodiments, the Faraday device 130 includes a fifth driving unit 131 , a fifth substrate 132 , and a Faraday assembly. The fifth driving unit 131 is disposed on the fifth substrate 132 , and the fifth driving unit 131 drives the Faraday assembly to move in the beam channel.

[0114] Specifically, the structure of the fifth driving unit 131 can be consistent with the structure of the first driving unit 3142, the difference is that the bellows is selected as a dynamic sealing bellows, the Faraday assembly includes a Faraday probe 133, and the fifth driving unit 131 drives the Faraday probe 133 for flow intensity measurement to detect. Under the action of the fifth driving element and the dynamic sealing bellows, the Faraday probe 133 can be moved in a vacuum state. The probe moves to the center of the beam during beam measurement, and returns to the offline position when measurement is not required.

[0115] By driving the Faraday probe 133 to move in the beam channel, the flow velocity and other parameters of the beam in the beam channel can be detected, so as to monitor and control the molecular pump and other equipment in real time for adjustment.

[0116] Embodiment 3:

[0117] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 to Figure 8 As shown, based on Example 1 and Example 2, this example proposes another implementation of Example 1, and further explains and optimizes the structure mentioned in Example 1.

[0118] In some embodiments, the guide mechanism 300 is a second guide mechanism 320; the second guide mechanism 320 is provided with a second connecting plate 321, a second base 322, a second flange 323, and a fluorescent target Faraday assembly 324; the second base 322 is provided on the second connecting plate 321, the fluorescent target Faraday assembly 324 is provided on the second base 322, and the second base 322 is provided with a second channel;

[0119] The fluorescent target Faraday assembly 324 includes a second driving unit 3242, a first probe, and a second substrate 3241; the second driving unit 3242 is arranged on the second substrate 3241, and the first probe is arranged at the driving end of the second driving unit 3242 for movement; the first probe is provided with a fluorescent target head 3244 for profile measurement and a Faraday target head 3244 for beam current intensity measurement, and the Faraday probe 3243 is arranged at the upper end of the fluorescent target probe 3243.

[0120] Specifically, the second guide mechanism 320 is provided with a second connecting plate 321, a second base 322 is fixed in the middle of the second connecting plate 321, a rotation groove is provided on the second base 322, and a second channel is provided in the middle of the rotation groove. In some preferred embodiments, the second channel can be extended outward from the bellows and connected to the second flange 323 at the extended end to enable the second flange 323 to rotate. The second flange 323 can be a special-shaped flange, and the bellows is matched for compression or stretching. The inlet of the second channel can be directly opposite to the rear of the target point to directly receive the reaction product, so as to realize that the reactant is transmitted from the first channel to the second flange 323 and then to the next level mechanism. A fluorescent target Faraday assembly 324 is vertically arranged in the pipeline. For easier fixation, a third pipeline vertically connected to the second channel can be arranged, wherein the middle of the second channel and the third pipeline is hollowed out, a fixing box is arranged at the upper end of the third pipeline, and the fluorescent target Faraday assembly 324 is arranged in the internal space formed by the fixing box and the third pipeline, wherein the second substrate 3241 and the second driving part 3242 are fixed in the fixing box, the first probe part is arranged in the third pipeline, and the first probe part can be driven by the second driving part 3242 to move up and down in the third pipeline, so that the first probe plate of the first probe part moves up and down. The first probe is provided with a fluorescent target head 3244 for profile measurement and a Faraday target head 3243 for beam current intensity measurement, and the Faraday probe 3243 is arranged at the rear end of the fluorescent target probe 3243. During installation, the center line of the second flange 323 and the center line of the differential vacuum mechanism 100 can be at an angle of 45°. The second flange 323 can be rotated by ±15° at the 45° position to adapt to the direction of reactant generation in the multi-nucleon transfer reaction.

[0121] Furthermore, the second driving unit 3242 may have the same structure as the first driving unit 3142 , and its effect is to move the fluorescent target Faraday assembly 324 in the third pipe through the second driving unit 3242 .

[0122] When the guide mechanism 300 is the second guide mechanism 320, it is set as a guide mechanism 300 that needs to be rotated. This mechanism is mainly used to adapt to reactions with angled reaction product deflection, such as products of multi-nuclear reactions. By providing a rotatable second base, for example, by providing a second base 322 with a bellows, the second base 322 is connected to the second flange 323 through the bellows, so as to realize that the second guide mechanism 320 can be rotated to collect the deflected reactants. By providing a fluorescent target Faraday assembly 324, a fluorescent part 3244 is provided to facilitate particle detection. A fluorescent target part is provided for measuring the beam profile, and a Faraday probe 3243 is used for measuring the beam current intensity. When the current intensity measurement is required, the Faraday probe 3243 moves to the beam center position, and when the profile measurement is required, the fluorescent target probe 3243 moves to the beam center position.

[0123] For further information, please refer to Figures 9 to 18 As shown,

[0124] In some embodiments, the target cavity mechanism 200 is provided with a target cavity box 210, a rotating target 220, a mounting flange 230, a target front fluorescent target 240, a switching plate 250, a first molecular pump 260, and a gate valve 270; the mounting flange 230 is provided with the rotating target and the target front fluorescent target to realize the sealed connection between the entire rotating target and the target cavity box 210, and the mounting flange 230 and the target cavity box 210 are detachably sealed and connected; a rotating support plate is provided on one side of the mounting flange 230, and the rotating target 220 is rotatably arranged on the rotating support plate, and the target front fluorescent target assembly 240 is arranged on the other side of the mounting flange 230; the first molecular pump 260 is arranged on the other side of the target cavity, and is arranged perpendicular to the pumping direction of the mounting flange 230, and the gate valve 270 is arranged on one side of the first molecular pump 260; the switching plate 250 cuts the angle formed by the side of the target cavity box 210 away from the mounting flange 230 and the adjacent side;

[0125] The pre-target fluorescent target assembly 240 is provided with a third driving part 241, a second probe 242 and a third substrate 243. The third driving part 241 is arranged on the third substrate 243, and the third slit part 242 is arranged at the driving end of the third driving part 241 for movement; the third slit part 242 has the same structure as the first slit part; and moves to the beam center at the driving end of the third driving part (241).

[0126] Specifically, the target cavity box 210 can be set as a cube, and a beam inlet is set on a group of opposite faces so that the differential vacuum mechanism 100 can input the beam from the inlet, and a reactant outlet is set on the corresponding other side, and the reactant outlet is connected to the first channel so that the reactant is output to the next-level mechanism. A pumping port is set on an adjacent side surface, and the mounting flange 230 can be installed in the target cavity box 210 at the pumping port on the rotating plate set, and when the mounting flange 230 is fixed, the target point of the rotating target 220 set on the rotating plate can be just set in the space formed between the beam inlet and the reactant outlet, so that the beam can hit the target point through the beam inlet. A switching plate 250 is provided, and the switching plate 250 cuts the angle formed by the side of the target cavity box 210 away from the mounting flange 230 and the adjacent side. More specifically, the switching plate 250 cuts the side of the target cavity box 210 away from the mounting flange 230 and the adjacent side and is provided on the side where the reactant outlet is located, wherein the cutting plate bevels the channel between the beam inlet and the reactant outlet, and the original target cavity box 210 outlet is changed to be provided on the switching plate 250, so that when the second guide mechanism 320 is installed, the outlet of the switching plate 250 is installed corresponding to the second channel, thereby forming a complete channel for the beam inlet, the outlet of the switching plate 250, and the second flange 323. A plurality of mounting holes are provided on the peripheral side of the switching plate 250, so that the second connecting plate 321 of the second guide mechanism 320 can be fixedly installed through the mounting holes. At the lower end of the target cavity mechanism 200 in actual use, a first molecular pump 260 and a plurality of gate valves 270 are also connected to realize atmospheric vacuum inside the target cavity mechanism 200.

[0127] The beneficial effect of this method is that the target cavity is where the target point is set, and after the beam wave output by the differential vacuum mechanism 100 is used for target hitting, the generated product is guided to the particle collection mechanism 400 by the guide mechanism 300. By setting a mounting flange 230 on one side of the target cavity, the rotating target is inspected and repaired through the mounting flange 230, which facilitates the maintenance and inspection of the rotating target. The first molecular pump 260 and the gate valve 270 are set to realize vacuuming inside the target cavity.

[0128] In some embodiments, the second guide mechanism 320 is connected to the switching plate 250 through a second connecting plate 321. Specifically, the second guide mechanism 320 is fixedly connected through fixing holes on the periphery of the second connecting plate 321 and connecting holes fixed on the switching plate 250 so that the second guide mechanism 320 is fixed on the target cavity mechanism 200.

[0129] In some embodiments, the particle collection mechanism 400 includes a particle screening mechanism, a particle detection mechanism 440 and a rotating mechanism 430; one end of the particle screening mechanism is connected to the guide mechanism 300, and the other end is connected to the particle detection mechanism 440; the rotating mechanism 430 includes a rotating table and a rotating assembly, the rotating table is arranged below the particle collection mechanism 400, and the rotating assembly is arranged below the rotating table, and the rotating table is rotated by the rotating assembly.

[0130] Specifically, the particle collection mechanism 400 includes a particle screening mechanism, a particle detection mechanism 440 and a rotation mechanism 430. When installed, the particle collection mechanism 400 can be rotated as a whole by rotating the assembly. According to the deflection angle of the reactants in the range of 30° to 60° of the multi-nuclear reaction, the entire particle collection mechanism 400 can be offset by the rotation mechanism 430, thereby realizing multi-angle reactant collection.

[0131] The particle collection mechanism 400 is mainly used to collect and analyze the reaction particles. In order to improve the accuracy of the detection, a particle screening mechanism is often set up during the collection. The particle screening mechanism can not only screen the unreacted particles, but also further improve the efficiency of collecting the reactants. At the same time, since the reactants have a deflection angle when collecting the products of the multi-nucleon transfer reaction, a rotation mechanism 430 is set up. The rotation mechanism 430 cooperates with the rotation of the second flange 323 in the second guide mechanism 320 in the rotation groove to realize the collection of the reactants with angle deflection.

[0132] In some embodiments, the rotating assembly includes an arc rack 431, a plurality of arc guide rails 432, a rotating gear, and a rotating motor 433; the rotating motor 433 is arranged on a rotating table, the rotating gear is arranged at the driving end of the rotating motor 433, and the rotating gear is meshed with the arc rack 431; the arc rack 431 and the arc guide rail 432 are arranged on a circumference with the target cavity mechanism 200 as the center. Specifically, in this embodiment, the driving gear on the driving end of the driving motor fixed on the table is meshed with the arc rack 431 fixed on the ground of the device installation position and not connected to the rotating table, and further the slider under the rotating table is slidably connected with the arc guide rail 432, so that the entire particle collection mechanism 400 is circumferentially rotated around the target cavity mechanism 200 as the center, thereby meeting the requirements for collecting reactants with angle deflection. In actual use, the rotation center of the rotating assembly is at the target point, and the rotating assembly also includes a heavy-loaded thrust bearing for rotation. In order to obtain the rotation angle, a rotary encoder is also provided for obtaining the rotation angle.

[0133] In some embodiments, the particle screening mechanism includes a first screening device 410 and a second screening device 420 , which are connected in sequence and form a reactant channel therein.

[0134] A first screening device 410 and a second screening device 420 are provided. The first screening device 410 and the second screening device 420 perform two-stage screening to achieve further screening and purification of the reactants.

[0135] The particle screening mechanism may be provided with a multi-stage screening device, which can be adapted to the purification of products of a variety of different reactions through multi-stage screening, and can also realize multi-stage purification of reactants by the device.

[0136] In some embodiments, Figure 13-14 As shown, the first screening device 410 is a superconducting spiral tube device, which is provided with a tank body 424, the middle of the tank body is hollow and installation holes are provided in the middle of both sides of the tank body 424, and the vacuum pipeline passes through the installation holes so that the entire tank body 424 is sleeved outside the vacuum pipeline; the tank body 424 can move radially along the central axis direction of the vacuum pipeline 411; a Faraday blocker assembly is provided inside the vacuum pipeline to block the main beam of 0 degrees; one end of the vacuum pipeline is connected to the guide mechanism 300, and the other end is connected to the second screening device 420;

[0137] The Faraday blocker assembly includes a first insulating ring 412, a second insulating ring 413, a blocker element 414, a first kovar 415, and a first water-cooling tube 416; the first insulating ring 412 and the second insulating ring 413 are respectively arranged inside the vacuum pipe 411, and the first kovar 415 is arranged at the inlet end of the first water-cooling tube 416; the blocker element 414 is arranged between the first insulating ring 412 and the second insulating ring 413, and the first insulating ring 412 and the second insulating ring 413 are usually circular ring structures made of tungsten wire insulation material, wherein the blocker element 414 is supported on the central axis of the insulating ring through the tungsten wire insulation circular ring structure of the first insulating ring 412 and the second insulating ring 413.

[0138] Specifically, the first screening device 410 can be a superconducting spiral tube device, the superconducting spiral tube 424 is arranged outside the vacuum pipe 411, and the vacuum pipe is arranged on the axis of the spiral tube 424 through hole, the first insulating ring 412 and the second insulating ring 413 are arranged inside the vacuum pipe 411, and the tungsten wire is stretched from the insulating ring circumference to the center, and the blocker element 414 is fixed, so that the blocker element 414 is fixed in the middle of the vacuum pipe 411, and the first Kovar 415 is arranged to connect the water cooling pipe 416, and the blocker element 414 is fixed through the water cooling pipe 416 and is arranged in parallel with the inner wall of the vacuum pipe 411 to avoid the water cooling pipe 416 blocking part of the reactants, and then the vacuum pipe Faraday blocker is cooled through the water cooling pipe 416. Due to the magnetic field of the superconducting spiral tube, the unreacted main beam is transmitted along the center of the pipe, and the beam is blocked by the blocker element 414. The beneficial effect of this method is that the first screening device 410 can be a superconducting spiral tube, and the magnetic field generated in the superconducting spiral tube allows the reactants to pass through the first insulating ring 412 and the second insulating ring 413 normally, while the non-reactants are blocked by the blocker element 414, so as to achieve separation of the reactants and non-reactants. In some more preferred embodiments, there is a movable guide rail, which is arranged on the rotating table of the rotating assembly, and the spiral tube 424 is arranged on the guide rail to move back and forth in class to adjust the magnetic field and optimize the collection. Among them, the spiral tube 424 can be a low-temperature superconducting coil assembly, which includes a superconducting coil, which is installed inside the tank 424, and the internal coil is cooled by a refrigeration head. The coil achieves superconducting performance in a low-temperature environment, and the superconducting coil generates a super-strong magnetic field. The entire superconducting spiral tube is sleeved outside the vacuum pipe. The blocker element 414 can be a Faraday blocker, which is sleeved inside the vacuum pipe 411 of the vacuum tube through the Faraday blocker, and the first Kovar 415 is a ceramic Kovar, and the water cooling pipe 416 is cooled by deionized water.

[0139] In some embodiments, the second screening device 420 includes a ring-shaped stand and a plurality of shielding components 423;

[0140] The annular stand includes a stand body 421 and a pipe body 422; the pipe body 422 is arranged on the stand body 421, and a reactant flow channel is arranged inside the pipe body 422; the shielding component 423 is arranged around the pipe body 422;

[0141] The shielding assembly 423 includes a fourth driving part 4231 , a fourth substrate 4232 , and a shielding part 4233 ; the fourth driving part 4231 is disposed on the fourth substrate 4232 , and the fourth driving part 4231 drives the shielding part 4233 to move in the second channel for shielding.

[0142] Specifically, the second screening device 420 can be a four-dimensional slit, which is used to block stray beams and purify products. The four-dimensional slit is composed of four independent shielding components 423 components and a ring stand installed on the vacuum chamber. The shielding component 423 components can move independently, and the fourth driving part 4231 can be specifically consistent with the structure of the first driving part 3142 mentioned above, and the chamber shielding part 4233 connected to the driving end, and the shielding part 4233 can be a blocking plate, which is driven by the fourth driving part 4231 to move back and forth. The four shielding components 423 are installed on the vacuum chamber up, down, left and right, and can limit the stray beams in four directions of the beam. The shielding component 423 is a dynamic sealing bellows structure, and an external sensor and a limit switch are arranged on the outside for monitoring the slit position. One end of the vacuum chamber in the pipeline body 422 is connected to the vacuum pipeline inside the spiral tube, and the tail is connected to the detector cavity assembly. The beneficial effect of this method is that the second screening device 420 moves in the flow channel to block the non-reactants through the cooperation of the shielding part 4233 and the driving part, thereby achieving the scraping and purification of the reactants. The four-dimensional slit can move independently, driving the shielding part 4233 to move forward and backward. The four shielding components 423 are installed on the vacuum chamber up and down and left and right to limit the stray beams in four directions of the beam. The shielding parts 4233 of the shielding components 423 that are opposite to each other are staggered to ensure that the shielding parts 4233 are merged in pairs to ensure that the beam can be completely blocked when needed. The pipe body 422 of the four-dimensional slit is a dynamic sealing bellows structure, and an external sensor and a limit switch are arranged on the outside for monitoring the position of the slit. One end of the pipe body 422 of the four-dimensional slit is connected to the vacuum pipe inside the pipe body 422, and the other end is connected to the particle detection mechanism 440.

[0143] In some embodiments, the particle detection mechanism 440 includes a detection box 441, a gas detector detection component 442, and a detection drive component 443;

[0144] The detection drive component 443 is arranged on one side of the detection box 441, the driving part of the detection drive component 443 is arranged inside the cavity, the driving part is provided with a driving platform, the gas detector detection component 442 is arranged on the driving platform and the side of the detection box 441 is provided with a switch door structure.

[0145] Specifically, the detection box 441 is provided with manually openable double windows on both sides for the installation and maintenance of the detector, and is also provided with an openable upper cover. The detector cavity is provided with two sets of gas detection components. The two sets of gas detectors inside the detection box 441 move forward and backward along the guide rail inside the vacuum cavity under the drive of the detection drive component 443. The vacuum cavity and the upper cover in the detection box 441 are provided with flange interfaces and feed-through electrodes of various specifications for the introduction of gas detector signals and high voltage. The side of the cavity is provided with a plug valve 270, a molecular pump and a vacuum gauge for obtaining the vacuum of the detector cavity and monitoring the vacuum state.

[0146] In some embodiments, the differential vacuum mechanism 100 includes a plurality of beam devices 110 and a Faraday device 130; the plurality of beam devices 110 are provided with interconnected beam cavities and after being connected in sequence, the plurality of beam devices 110 are internally formed into beam channels and a second molecular pump 120 is provided to evacuate the channel, the beam channel is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is connected to the accelerator vacuum pipe, and the outlet is connected to the target cavity mechanism 200.

[0147] Specifically, the differential vacuum mechanism 100 is provided with a plurality of vacuum ports, and at least one vacuum port is provided in each beam device 110. A plurality of second molecular pumps 120 are installed at the vacuum ports, and a plurality of corresponding front-stage dry pumps are provided at the front end of the second molecular pump 120. A plurality of vacuum gauges are provided on the beam channels formed inside the plurality of beam devices 110 to realize the detection of the beam.

[0148] The beneficial effect of this method is that the differential vacuum mechanism 100 forms a beam channel by setting up a multi-stage beam device 110, and different rotation speeds are set by different second molecular pumps 120 to form different vacuum segments in the multi-stage beam device 110, so as to realize the external input of the differential vacuum mechanism 100, which is generally an ultra-vacuum beam, and is transitioned from the differential vacuum segment mechanism to a beam state in the atmosphere, thereby preventing the high-speed beam from breaking through and damaging the equipment.

[0149] In some embodiments, the beam device 110 includes a mounting flange 111, a beam probe 112, a second kovar 113, a beam scraping ring 114, a plurality of connecting rods 115, and a second water cooling tube 116; one end of the plurality of connecting rods 115 is arranged on the mounting flange 111, the beam probe 112 and the beam scraping ring 114 are respectively connected to the other end of the beam connecting rod 115, one end of the second water cooling tube 116 is connected to an external coolant source and is arranged on the mounting flange 111, one end of the second kovar 113 is arranged at the other end of the second water cooling tube 116, the other end of the second kovar 113 is connected to the beam scraping ring 114, and the beam scraping ring 114 and the beam probe 112 are both arranged in the beam channel. Specifically, the beam probe 112 and the beam scraping ring 114 can be a beam scraping ring 114 BPM probe assembly, which also includes a BPM position detector front end, and the beam scraping ring 114 is arranged at the front end of the BPM position detector. The beneficial effect of this method is to achieve the absorption of beam energy, reduce the excessive energy when the external beam is input, which may cause the equipment or target to be broken down, and further cool the beam scraper ring 114 through the cooling system to reduce the damage caused by excessive heat of the beam scraper ring 114 itself. The beam scraper ring 114 is arranged in front of the BPM position detector to limit the beam aperture and prevent the beam from hitting the BPM measuring plate and affecting the beam measurement. The beneficial effect of this device is that the beam device 110 is also provided with a beam scraper ring 114 to achieve the blocking of stray beams and limit the passing beam to a certain range. In order to reduce the damage caused by excessive heat deposited when the external beam passes through, the beam scraper ring 114 is further cooled by the cooling system to achieve the protection of the beam scraper ring 114.

[0150] In some embodiments, the Faraday device 130 includes a fifth driving unit 131 , a fifth substrate 132 , and a Faraday assembly. The fifth driving unit 131 is disposed on the fifth substrate 132 , and the fifth driving unit 131 drives the Faraday assembly to move in the beam channel.

[0151] Specifically, the structure of the fifth driving unit 131 can be consistent with the structure of the first driving unit 3142, the difference is that the bellows is selected as a dynamic sealing bellows, the Faraday assembly includes a Faraday probe 133, and the fifth driving unit 131 drives the Faraday probe 133 for flow intensity measurement to detect. Under the action of the fifth driving element and the dynamic sealing bellows, the Faraday probe 133 can be moved in a vacuum state. The probe moves to the center of the beam during beam measurement, and returns to the offline position when measurement is not required.

[0152] By driving the Faraday probe 133 to move in the beam channel, the flow velocity and other parameters of the beam in the beam channel can be detected, so as to monitor and control the molecular pump and other equipment in real time for adjustment.

[0153] The serial numbers of the embodiments of the invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent device or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction, characterized in that: It comprises a differential vacuum mechanism (100), a target cavity mechanism (200), a guide mechanism (300), and a particle collection mechanism (400) which are connected in sequence, and a transmission channel is formed inside the differential vacuum mechanism (100), the target cavity mechanism (200), the guide mechanism (300), and the particle collection mechanism (400); The guide mechanism (300) is fixedly connected or rotationally connected to the particle collection mechanism (400), so that the particle collection mechanism (400) can collect reactants from the target cavity mechanism (200) along the reactant transmission direction.

2. The device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide mechanism (300) is a first guide mechanism (310); the first guide mechanism (310) is provided with a first connecting plate (311), a first base (312), a first flange (313), and an annular slit assembly (314); the first base (312) is arranged on the first connecting plate (311), and a first channel is arranged inside the first base (312); the first flange (313) is arranged at one end of the first channel, and the annular slit assembly (314) is arranged through the first channel; The annular slit assembly (314) comprises a first driving part (3142), a first slit part, and a first substrate (3141); the first driving part (3142) is arranged on the first substrate (3141), and the first slit part is arranged at the driving end of the first driving part (3142) to move; the first slit part is provided with a first slit plate (3144) and a plurality of first slits (3143), and the plurality of first slits (3143) are arranged on the first slit plate (3144), and the first driving part (3142) is used to enable the first slit plate (3144) to move in a direction perpendicular to the first channel.

3. The device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide mechanism (300) is a second guide mechanism (320); the second guide mechanism (320) is provided with a second connecting plate (321), a second base (322), a second flange (323), and a fluorescent target Faraday assembly (324); the second base (322) is arranged on the second connecting plate (321), the fluorescent target Faraday assembly (324) is arranged on the second base (322), and the second base (322) is provided with a second channel; The fluorescent target Faraday assembly (324) comprises a second driving unit (3242), a first probe, and a second substrate (3241); the second driving unit (3242) is arranged on the second substrate (3241), and the first probe is arranged at the driving end of the second driving unit (3242) for movement; the first probe is provided with a fluorescent target head (3243) for profile measurement and a Faraday target head (3244) for beam current intensity measurement, and the Faraday probe (3244) is arranged at the upper end of the fluorescent target probe (3243).

4. The device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The target cavity mechanism (200) is provided with a target cavity box (210), a rotating target (220), a mounting flange (230), a pre-target fluorescent target (240), a switching plate (250), a first molecular pump (260), and a gate valve (270); the mounting flange (230) is used to mount the rotating target and the pre-target fluorescent target, so as to achieve a sealed connection between the entire rotating target and the target cavity box (210), and the mounting flange (230) and the target cavity box (210) are detachably sealed; a rotating support plate is provided on one side of the mounting flange (230). The rotating target (220) is rotatably arranged on the rotating support plate, and the pre-target fluorescent target assembly (240) is arranged on the other side of the mounting flange (230); the first molecular pump (260) is arranged on the other side of the target cavity and is arranged perpendicular to the pumping direction of the mounting flange (230), and the plug valve (270) is arranged on one side of the first molecular pump (260); the switching plate (250) is arranged to cut the angle formed by the side of the target cavity box (210) away from the mounting flange (230) and the adjacent side; The pre-target fluorescent target assembly (240) is provided with a third driving unit (241), a second probe (242) and a third substrate (243); the third driving unit (241) is provided on the third substrate (243); the second probe (242) is provided at the driving end of the third driving unit (241) for movement; the second probe (242) can be moved to the beam center under the drive of the driving end of the third driving unit (241).

5. The device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first guide mechanism (310) is connected to the switching plate (250) via the first connecting plate (311), or the second guide mechanism (320) is connected to the switching plate (250) via the second connecting plate (321).

6. The device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle collection mechanism (400) comprises a particle screening mechanism, a particle detection mechanism (440) and a rotation mechanism (430); one end of the particle screening mechanism is connected to the guide mechanism (300), and the other end is connected to the particle detection mechanism (440); the rotation mechanism (430) comprises a rotating table and a rotating assembly, the rotating table is arranged below the particle collection mechanism (400), and the rotating assembly is arranged below the rotating table, and the rotating table is rotated by the rotating assembly.

7. The device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating assembly comprises an arc-shaped rack (431), a plurality of arc-shaped guide rails (432), a rotating gear, and a rotating motor (433); the rotating motor (433) is arranged on the rotating platform, the rotating gear is arranged at the driving end of the rotating motor (433), and the rotating gear is meshed with the arc-shaped rack (431); the arc-shaped rack (431) and the arc-shaped guide rail (432) are arranged on a circle with a target point in the target cavity mechanism (200) as the center.

8. The device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The particle screening mechanism comprises a first screening device (410) and a second screening device (420), wherein the first screening device (410) and the second screening device (420) are connected in sequence and form a reactant channel inside.

9. The device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first screening device (410) is a superconducting spiral tube device, which is provided with a tank body (424), the middle of the tank body is hollow and installation holes are provided in the middle of both sides of the tank body (424), and the vacuum pipeline passes through the installation holes so that the entire tank body (424) is sleeved outside the vacuum pipeline; the tank body (424) can move radially along the central axis direction of the vacuum pipeline (411); a Faraday blocker assembly is provided inside the vacuum pipeline to block the main beam of 0 degrees; one end of the vacuum pipeline is connected to the guide mechanism (300), and the other end is connected to the second screening device (420); The Faraday blocker assembly comprises a first insulating ring (412), a second insulating ring (413), a blocker element (414), a first kovar (415), and a first water-cooling tube (416); the first insulating ring (412) and the second insulating ring (413) are respectively arranged inside the vacuum pipe (411), the first kovar (415) is arranged at the inlet end of the first water-cooling tube (416); the blocker element (414) is arranged between the first insulating ring (412) and the second insulating ring (413).

10. The device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second screening device (420) is a slit mechanism, and the slit mechanism (420) comprises a stand and a plurality of shielding components (423); The stand comprises a stand body (421) and a pipeline body (422); the pipeline body (422) is arranged on the stand body (421), and a reactant channel is arranged inside the pipeline body (422); the shielding component (423) is arranged around the pipeline body (422); The shielding assembly (423) comprises a fourth driving unit (4231), a fourth substrate (4232), and a shielding unit (4233); the fourth driving unit (4231) is arranged on the fourth substrate (4232), and the fourth driving unit (4231) drives the shielding unit (4233) to move and shield in the second channel.

11. The device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The particle detection mechanism (440) comprises a detection box (441), a gas detector detection component (442), and a detection drive component (443); The detection drive component (443) is arranged on one side of the detection box (441), the driving part of the detection drive component (443) is arranged outside the cavity, the driving part is provided with a driving platform, and the gas detector detection component (442) is arranged to move on the driving platform; and a switch door structure is provided on the side of the detection box (441).

12. The device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The differential vacuum mechanism (100) comprises a plurality of beam position measuring devices (110), a plurality of second molecular pumps (120) and corresponding front-stage dry pumps and Faraday devices (130); the plurality of beam devices (110) are provided with interconnected beam cavities and after being connected in sequence, the plurality of beam position measuring devices (110) are provided with beam channels inside and are provided with the second molecular pumps (120) to evacuate the channels; the beam channels are provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is connected to an accelerator vacuum pipeline, and the outlet is connected to the target cavity mechanism (200).

13. The device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to claim 12, characterized in that: The beam position measuring device (110) comprises a mounting flange (111), a beam probe (112), a second kovar (113), a beam scraping ring (114), a plurality of connecting rods (115), and a second water cooling tube (116); one end of the plurality of connecting rods (115) is arranged on the mounting flange (111), the beam probe (112) and the beam scraping ring (114) are respectively connected to the other end of the beam connecting rods (115), one end of the second water cooling tube (116) is connected to an external cooling liquid source and is arranged on the mounting flange (111), one end of the second kovar (113) is arranged at the other end of the second water cooling tube (116), the other end of the second kovar (113) is connected to the beam scraping ring (114), and the beam scraping ring (114) and the beam probe (112) are both arranged in the beam channel.

14. The device for collecting products of fusion evaporation and multi-nucleon transfer reaction according to claim 12, characterized in that: The Faraday device (130) comprises a fifth driving unit (131), a fifth substrate (132), and a Faraday assembly, wherein the Faraday assembly comprises a Faraday probe (133), the fifth driving unit (131) is arranged on the fifth substrate (132), and the fifth driving unit (131) drives the Faraday probe (133) to move in the beam channel.

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