Particulate matter trapping and impurity gas adsorption coupling purification equipment and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses particulate matter trapping and impurity gas adsorption coupling purification equipment and an operation method thereof, and the equipment comprises a cyclone shell extending along the axis, a built-in particle bed with a particle bed body extending along the axis, and a plurality of spiral nozzles, the cyclone shell is provided with a first shell section and a second shell section which is located below the first shell section, the side wall of the second shell section is arranged in an inward shrinkage mode in the gravity direction, a gas phase inlet is formed in the side wall of the upper end of the first shell section, and a solid phase outlet is formed in the lower end of the second shell section; the built-in particle bed is partially inserted into the cyclone shell, the particle bed body comprises an inner wall, a middle wall and an outer wall which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, an inner bin is formed between the inner wall and the middle wall, an outer bin is formed between the middle wall and the outer wall, a centrifugal dust removal cavity is formed between the outer wall and the cyclone shell, and a central exhaust cavity is formed in the inner wall. The inner wall, the middle wall and the outer wall located in the cyclone shell are each provided with an overflowing structure. And the like. The equipment can meet the requirement for efficient and multifunctional purification in the industrial production process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas purification, and in particular to a particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the oil refining industry, the catalytic cracking process converts heavy oil into target products such as gasoline and diesel. At the same time, it also needs to regenerate the catalyst by burning the carbon deposited on the catalyst surface in the regenerator. The regenerated flue gas has a high temperature and contains a high concentration of SO x 、NOx、CO 2 Harmful components and dust particles, of which the particle concentration is 170mg / Nm 3 , CO 2 The emission volume accounts for 8.57%. A flue gas turbine (hereinafter referred to as the flue gas turbine) is set downstream of the regenerator to recover the high-temperature flue gas energy. However, the concentration and particle size of the catalyst dust entrained in the high-temperature regeneration flue gas at the inlet of the flue gas turbine have a direct impact on the life of the flue gas turbine blades.

[0003] At present, a third-stage cyclone separator (hereinafter referred to as the third cyclone) is usually used to capture catalyst particles to recover catalyst particles in the regenerated flue gas and reduce the particulate matter content in the high-temperature regenerated flue gas at the inlet of the chimney. Due to the poor separation effect of the traditional catalytic cracking three-cyclone, the proportion of 0-15μm particles at the outlet is still as high as 67.69%, causing catalyst leakage, while also causing the particle concentration and particle size at the inlet of the chimney to be too high, resulting in fluctuations in the operation of the chimney and scaling. In order to solve the problem of impurity gas (carbon dioxide) emissions generated in the catalytic cracking production process, an absorption tower is usually set up in the subsequent unit to capture carbon dioxide, but it is often necessary to add a circulating cooler or a multi-stage arrangement to achieve the purpose of emission reduction, which is less economical. Therefore, most catalytic cracking units are still mainly discharged directly into the atmosphere.

[0004] As an improvement, a coupled gas purification device is provided in the prior art. By setting a particle bed and filling porous adsorption particles in the particle bed, and utilizing the particle bed carbon dioxide physical adsorption mechanism, it is expected to simultaneously achieve the goals of fine separation of fine particles and efficient adsorption of carbon dioxide. However, the current coupled gas purification equipment has obviously insufficient comprehensive treatment effects on fine particles and carbon dioxide. There are few particle bed media that can simultaneously meet the filtering and adsorption functions, and there are disadvantages such as high loss and low efficiency. The purification equipment cannot operate stably for a long period of time and must be shut down regularly for backwashing, cleaning and maintenance operations. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device and its operation method, so as to improve the gas purification device's ability to capture particulate matter and impurity gases and ensure that the device can operate stably for a long period of time.

[0006] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device, comprising: a cyclone shell extending along an axis, the cyclone shell having a first shell section and a second shell section located below the first shell section, the upper end side wall of the first shell section is provided with a gas phase inlet, the side wall of the second shell section is set inwardly along the gravity direction, and the lower end of the second shell section is provided with a solid phase outlet; a built-in particle bed, partially inserted in the cyclone shell, the built-in particle bed has a particle bed body extending along the axis, and the particle bed body includes inner walls arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside , middle wall and outer wall, an inner silo is formed between the inner wall and the middle wall, an outer silo is formed between the middle wall and the outer wall, a centrifugal dust removal chamber is formed between the outer wall and the cyclone shell, a central exhaust chamber is formed inside the inner wall, the inner wall, the middle wall and the outer wall located in the cyclone shell all have a flow structure; a plurality of spiral nozzles are arranged on the outer wall at intervals along the circumferential direction, the nozzle of each spiral nozzle extends into the outer silo, and the spiral nozzle is used to bring the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed into the centrifugal dust removal chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the nozzle of the spiral nozzle extends obliquely downward from the middle wall to the outer wall, and the nozzles of the plurality of spiral nozzles are arranged in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction.

[0009] Furthermore, a switch valve is provided on the air supply pipe connected to each of the spiral nozzles.

[0010] Preferably, the switch valve is an electromagnetic pulse valve, the opening interval of the electromagnetic pulse valve is 5 minutes, and the opening duration is 10 seconds.

[0011] Preferably, the angle between the nozzle of the spiral nozzle and the axial direction of the particle bed body is 30°.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall, the middle wall and the outer wall located in the cyclone housing are all made of a Johnson net, and the mesh gaps of the Johnson net form the flow structure.

[0013] Preferably, the mesh gap width of the Johnson net making up the inner wall, the middle wall and the outer wall located in the cyclone housing is 0.75 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, an inner material feed pipe and an outer material feed pipe are arranged on the outer wall at intervals, the inner material feed pipe is connected to the inner material bin, the outer material feed pipe is connected to the outer material bin, the cross-section of the inner material bin is the largest on the bed section where the inner material feed pipe is arranged, and the cross-section of the outer material bin is the largest on the bed section where the outer material feed pipe is arranged.

[0015] Preferably, the bed section of the built-in particle bed inserted in the cyclone shell includes a first inner bed section, a second inner bed section and a third inner bed section which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the length of the first inner bed section is the same as the length of the first shell section, the side wall of the second inner bed section is retracted inwardly along the direction of gravity, the length of the second inner bed section is smaller than that of the second shell section, and the end of the third inner bed section extends axially to form an outlet end extending out of the second shell section; along the direction of gravity, the inner wall of the first inner bed section is expanded outwardly.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide an operating method of the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment as described above, comprising: inputting the gas to be treated from the gas phase inlet of the cyclone shell, and the gas to be treated is converted into a swirl state in the centrifugal dust removal chamber and moves downward; loading the outer silo with captured particles, and making the captured particles move from top to bottom in the outer silo, loading the inner silo with adsorption particles, and making the adsorption particles move from top to bottom in the inner silo; connecting each of the spiral nozzles with an air supply pipe, introducing a clean airflow into the outer silo, using the clean airflow to sweep the side walls of the built-in particle bed and bringing the dust particles deposited on the side walls of the built-in particle bed into the centrifugal dust removal chamber for discharge.

[0017] The characteristics and advantages of the present invention are: the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment provided by the present invention directly separates large granular impurities of 10μm and above in the treated gas through a centrifugal dust removal chamber to obtain the primary purified gas, and effectively captures small granular impurities below 10μm in the primary purified gas through an external silo with a built-in particle bed to obtain the secondary purified gas, and efficiently adsorbs impurity gases such as carbon dioxide in the secondary purified gas through the internal silo of the built-in particle bed to obtain purified gas; at the same time, the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed are purged by multiple spiral nozzles arranged in the external silo and brought into the centrifugal dust removal chamber for discharge, so as to maintain the long-term stable operation of the equipment; the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment provided by the present application can simultaneously realize the coordinated treatment of high-efficiency dust removal and impurity gas adsorption in the same device partition, avoiding the disadvantages of low efficiency and high loss of a single filter medium, and meeting the needs of high-efficiency and multi-functional purification in industrial production processes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device provided in an embodiment of the present invention when the inner wall of the built-in particle bed is set with equal diameter;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device provided in an embodiment of the present invention when the inner wall of the built-in particle bed is expanded along the gravity direction;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the spiral nozzle in the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0023] 10. Cyclone housing; 11. First housing section; 12. Second housing section; 13. Gas phase inlet; 14. Solid phase outlet;

[0024] 20. Built-in particle bed; 21. Inner wall; 22. Middle wall; 23. Outer wall; 24. Inner material feed pipe; 25. Outer material feed pipe; 26. First inner bed section; 27. Second inner bed section; 28. Third inner bed section;

[0025] 30. Spiral nozzle;

[0026] 40. Air supply pipe;

[0027] 50. Switch valve;

[0028] a. Capture particles; b. Adsorb particles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Implementation Method 1

[0031] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the present invention provides a particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device, comprising a cyclone housing 10 extending along an axis, a built-in particle bed 20 and a plurality of spiral nozzles 30, the cyclone housing 10 having a first housing section 11 and a second housing section 12 located below the first housing section 11, a gas phase inlet 13 is arranged on the upper end side wall of the first housing section 11, the side wall of the second housing section 12 is retracted inwardly along the gravity direction, and a solid phase outlet 14 is arranged on the lower end of the second housing section 12; the built-in particle bed 20 is partially inserted in the cyclone housing 10, and the built-in particle bed 20 has a particle bed body extending along the axis, and the particle bed body It includes an inner wall 21, a middle wall 22 and an outer wall 23 arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, an inner bin is formed between the inner wall 21 and the middle wall 22, an outer bin is formed between the middle wall 22 and the outer wall 23, a centrifugal dust removal chamber is formed between the outer wall 23 and the cyclone shell 10, a central exhaust chamber is formed inside the inner wall 21, and the inner wall 21, the middle wall 22 and the outer wall 23 located in the cyclone shell 10 all have a flow structure; a plurality of spiral nozzles 30 are arranged on the outer wall 23 at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the nozzle of each spiral nozzle 30 extends into the outer bin, and the spiral nozzle 30 is used to bring the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed 20 into the centrifugal dust removal chamber. In this way, high-efficiency dust removal and impurity gas adsorption are simultaneously achieved through a gas purification device to meet the needs of high-efficiency and multifunctional purification in industrial production processes.

[0032] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the cyclone shell 10 and the built-in particle bed 20 are coaxially arranged. When the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment is in operation, the outer silo is loaded with downwardly moving capture particles a, and the inner silo is loaded with downwardly moving adsorption particles b. Among them, in order to ensure the adsorption effect, the adsorption particles b are preferably adsorption particles b with a porous structure such as molecular sieve adsorbents, activated carbon, activated alumina, etc. The process of purifying gas by the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment is as follows: After the gas to be treated enters the centrifugal dust removal chamber from the gas phase inlet 13 of the cyclone shell 10, the separated large granular impurities of 10μm and above and the gas after the initial purification are obtained under the action of centrifugal force. The large granular impurities slide along the inner wall 21 of the cyclone shell 10 to the solid phase outlet 14 for discharge. The gas after the initial purification enters the outer silo through the flow structure of the outer wall 23 and moves upward, forming a cross-flow with the capture particles a moving downward in the outer silo. Moving bed, after the initial purification, the small granular impurities (dust particles) below 10 μm carried by the gas are filtered and captured by the captured particles a to obtain the secondary purified gas, the secondary purified gas enters the inner silo through the flow structure of the middle wall 22 and moves upward, and forms a cross-flow moving bed with the adsorption particles b moving downward in the inner silo, and the impurity gases such as carbon dioxide carried by the gas after the secondary purification are adsorbed by the adsorption particles b to obtain purified gas, and the purified gas enters the central exhaust cavity through the flow structure of the inner wall 21 and is discharged upward. In this process, the spiral nozzle 30 is opened and a clean airflow is input into the external silo to purge the side walls of the built-in granular bed 20 (here mainly refers to the outer wall 23 and the middle wall 22) and bring the dust particles deposited on the side walls of the built-in granular bed 20 into the centrifugal dust removal cavity for discharge.

[0033] The gas phase inlet 13 may be a tangential inlet or a volute inlet, and the present application does not limit this. In this embodiment, in order to reduce the size of the equipment and facilitate the maintenance of the spiral nozzle 30, a plurality of spiral nozzles 30 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the bed section of the built-in particle bed 20 located outside the cyclone shell 10; preferably, the thickness of the outer silo and the inner silo located inside the cyclone shell 10 is 25 mm, and the nozzle diameter of the spiral nozzle 30 is 5 mm.

[0034] The particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment provided by the present invention directly separates large granular impurities of 10 μm and above in the treated gas through a centrifugal dust removal chamber to obtain the primary purified gas, and effectively captures small granular impurities below 10 μm in the primary purified gas through the external silo of the built-in particle bed 20 to obtain the secondary purified gas, and efficiently adsorbs impurity gases such as carbon dioxide in the secondary purified gas through the internal silo of the built-in particle bed 20 to obtain purified gas; at the same time, the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed 20 are purged by a plurality of spiral nozzles 30 arranged in the external silo and brought into the centrifugal dust removal chamber for discharge, so as to maintain the long-term stable operation of the equipment; the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment provided by the present application can simultaneously realize the coordinated treatment of high-efficiency dust removal and impurity gas adsorption in the same device partition, avoiding the disadvantages of low efficiency and high loss of a single filter medium, and meeting the needs of high-efficiency and multi-functional purification in industrial production processes.

[0035] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to facilitate the loading of the captured particles a and the adsorbed particles b, an inner material feed pipe 24 and an outer material feed pipe 25 are arranged on the outer wall 23 at intervals. The inner material feed pipe 24 is connected to the inner material bin, and the outer material feed pipe 25 is connected to the outer material bin. The inner material bin has the largest cross-section on the bed section where the inner material feed pipe 24 is arranged, and the outer material bin has the largest cross-section on the bed section where the outer material feed pipe 25 is arranged. In this way, the inner material bin section where the inner material feed pipe 24 is arranged forms a temporary storage chamber for the adsorbed particles b, and the outer material bin section where the outer material feed pipe 25 is arranged forms a temporary storage chamber for the captured particles a, so as to prevent the flow from being interrupted due to the mismatch of the feeding speed of the captured particles a and the adsorbed particles b during the operation of the equipment, thereby affecting the gas purification effect.

[0036] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the bed segments of the built-in particle bed 20 inserted in the cyclone shell 10 include a first inner bed segment 26, a second inner bed segment 27 and a third inner bed segment 28 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The length of the first inner bed segment 26 is the same as the length of the first shell segment 11, and the side wall of the second inner bed segment 27 is set inward along the gravity direction. The length of the second inner bed segment 27 is smaller than the second shell segment 12, and the end of the third inner bed segment 28 extends axially to form an outlet end extending out of the second shell segment 12; Figure 2As shown, the inner wall 21 of the first inner bed section 26 is expanded outward along the gravity direction. By inserting the built-in particle bed 20 into the cyclone shell 10, the shape of the bed section is set similar to the shape of the cyclone shell 10, so as to facilitate the insertion of the built-in particle bed 20 and the smooth outflow of the captured particles a and the adsorbed particles b. From the direction of the gas phase inlet 13 to the solid phase outlet 14, the gas after the initial purification continuously cross-flows through the built-in particle bed 20, and the gas velocity after the initial purification gradually decreases. Correspondingly, the inner wall 21 of the first inner bed section 26 is expanded outward along the gravity direction, so that the thickness of the inner bin is gradually reduced from top to bottom, so as to prolong the residence time of the gas after the secondary purification in the upward flow process in the inner bin, thereby improving the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbed particles b in the inner bin on the impurity gas.

[0037] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the nozzle of the spiral nozzle 30 extends obliquely downward from the direction of the middle wall 22 to the outer wall 23, and the nozzles of the multiple spiral nozzles 30 are arranged in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction. By setting the nozzle of the spiral nozzle 30 to extend obliquely downward from the direction of the middle wall 22 to the outer wall 23, the clean airflow ejected from the spiral nozzle 30 can purge the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed 20, ensuring the long-term high-efficiency and low-resistance operation of the equipment, and can also form a countercurrent contact with the primary purified gas entering the external silo and moving upward, prolonging the residence time of small granular impurities in the external silo, and further improving the filtering and capturing effect of the capture particles a on small granular impurities; and by setting the nozzle arrangement direction of the multiple spiral nozzles 30 to be clockwise or counterclockwise, it is avoided that two adjacent spiral nozzles 30 interfere with each other when ejecting the clean airflow, thereby affecting the purging effect.

[0038] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, a switch valve 50 is provided on the air supply pipe 40 connected to each spiral nozzle 30. In this way, the purge timing of the spiral nozzle 30 is controlled by the switch valve 50, which ensures the long-term stable operation of the equipment while taking energy saving into consideration.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to realize automatic periodic purging of the spiral nozzle 30, the switch valve 50 is an electromagnetic pulse valve, the opening interval of the electromagnetic pulse valve is 5 minutes, and the opening duration is 10 seconds, taking into account both energy saving and timely and effective purging.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to achieve a better purging effect on the outer wall 23 and the middle wall 22, the angle between the nozzle of the spiral nozzle 30 and the axial direction of the particle bed body is 30°.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to simplify the equipment manufacturing process, the inner wall 21, the middle wall 22 and the outer wall 23 located in the cyclone housing 10 are all made of Johnson mesh, and the mesh gaps of the Johnson mesh form a flow structure.

[0042] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to respectively confine the captured particles a and the adsorbed particles b in the outer silo and the inner silo while ensuring a better flow effect of the flow structure, the mesh gap width of the Johnson net formed on the inner wall 21, the middle wall 22 and the outer wall 23 located in the cyclone shell 10 is 0.75 mm.

[0043] Implementation Method 2

[0044] Another object of the present invention is to provide an operating method of the above-mentioned particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment, including: inputting the gas to be treated from the gas phase inlet 13 of the cyclone shell 10, and the gas to be treated is converted into a swirl state in the centrifugal dust removal chamber and moves downward; loading the outer silo with capture particles a, and making the capture particles a move from top to bottom in the outer silo, loading the inner silo with adsorption particles b, and making the adsorption particles b move from top to bottom in the inner silo; connecting each spiral nozzle 30 with the air supply pipe 40, introducing a clean airflow into the outer silo, using the clean airflow to sweep the side wall of the built-in particle bed 20 and bringing the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed 20 into the centrifugal dust removal chamber for discharge. Specifically, large granular impurities in the gas to be treated that cannot pass through the flow structure of the outer wall 23 are separated and moved to the inner wall 21 of the cyclone shell 10 under the action of centrifugal force and slide down to the solid phase outlet 14 along the inner wall 21 of the cyclone shell 10 for discharge. The gas to be treated is freed of large granular impurities to form the gas after primary purification; the gas after primary purification passes through the flow structure of the outer wall 23 and forms a cross-flow moving bed with the capture particles a moving downward in the external silo, and the small granular impurities in the gas after primary purification are filtered and captured by the capture particles a and discharged with the downward movement of the capture particles a, and the gas after primary purification is freed After removing small granular impurities, secondary purified gas is formed; the secondary purified gas passes through the flow structure of the middle wall 22 and forms a cross-flow moving bed with the adsorption particles b moving downward in the inner silo, and the impurity gas in the secondary purified gas is adsorbed by the adsorption particles b and discharged as the adsorption particles b move downward. The secondary purified gas is freed of impurity gas to form purified gas, which enters the central exhaust cavity through the flow structure of the inner wall 21 and is discharged upward; the clean airflow sweeps the side walls of the built-in particle bed 20 and brings the dust particles deposited on the side walls of the built-in particle bed 20 into the centrifugal dust removal cavity for discharge.

[0045] The operating method of the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment provided in the present application is based on the flow characteristics of the gas to be treated in the equipment, and utilizes the centrifugal filtration mechanism of the cyclone shell 10 to efficiently intercept large granular impurities of 10 μm and above, and loads capture particles a in the outer silo of the built-in particle bed 20 to capture small granular impurities below 10 μm by utilizing inertial collision and filtration capture mechanism, and loads adsorption particles b in the inner silo of the built-in particle bed 20 to physically adsorb impurity gases such as carbon dioxide, so as to simultaneously achieve the goals of fine separation of fine particles and efficient adsorption of impurity gases such as carbon dioxide; at the same time, multiple spiral nozzles 30 are used to effectively extend the residence time of dust particles in the built-in particle bed 20, and the dust particles deposited on the side walls of the built-in particle bed 20 are purged to meet the needs of long-term high-efficiency and low-resistance operation, which is expected to completely solve the problem of fine purification of traditional catalytic cracking regeneration flue gas.

[0046] The above are only several embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention based on the contents disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device, characterized in that: include: A cyclone housing extending along the axis, the cyclone housing comprising a first housing section and a second housing section located below the first housing section, a gas phase inlet being arranged on a side wall at an upper end of the first housing section, a side wall of the second housing section being retracted inwardly along a gravity direction, and a solid phase outlet being arranged at a lower end of the second housing section; A built-in particle bed, partially inserted in the cyclone shell, the built-in particle bed has a particle bed body extending along the axis, the particle bed body includes an inner wall, a middle wall and an outer wall arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, an inner bin is formed between the inner wall and the middle wall, an outer bin is formed between the middle wall and the outer wall, a centrifugal dust removal chamber is formed between the outer wall and the cyclone shell, a central exhaust chamber is formed inside the inner wall, and the inner wall, the middle wall and the outer wall located in the cyclone shell all have a flow structure; A plurality of spiral nozzles are arranged on the outer wall at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the nozzle of each spiral nozzle extends into the outer silo. The spiral nozzle is used to bring the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed into the centrifugal dust removal chamber.

2. The particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The nozzle of the spiral nozzle extends obliquely downward from the middle wall to the outer wall, and the nozzles of the plurality of spiral nozzles are arranged in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction.

3. The particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An on-off valve is arranged on the air supply pipe connected with each of the spiral nozzles.

4. The particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The switch valve is an electromagnetic pulse valve, the opening interval of the electromagnetic pulse valve is 5 minutes, and the opening duration is 10 seconds.

5. The particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the nozzle of the spiral nozzle and the axial direction of the particle bed body is 30°.

6. The particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall, the middle wall and the outer wall located in the cyclone housing are all made of Johnson nets, and the mesh gaps of the Johnson nets form the flow structure.

7. The particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mesh gap width of the Johnson net used to make the inner wall, the middle wall and the outer wall located in the cyclone housing is 0.75 mm.

8. The particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner material feed pipe and an outer material feed pipe are arranged on the outer wall at intervals, the inner material feed pipe is connected with the inner material bin, the outer material feed pipe is connected with the outer material bin, the inner material bin has the largest cross-section on the bed section where the inner material feed pipe is arranged, and the outer material bin has the largest cross-section on the bed section where the outer material feed pipe is arranged.

9. The particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bed section of the built-in particle bed inserted in the cyclone shell includes a first inner bed section, a second inner bed section and a third inner bed section arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the length of the first inner bed section is the same as the length of the first shell section, the side wall of the second inner bed section is set inward along the gravity direction, the length of the second inner bed section is smaller than the second shell section, and the end of the third inner bed section extends axially to form an outlet end extending out of the second shell section; Along the gravity direction, the inner wall of the first inner bed section is expanded outward.

10. A method for operating the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The gas to be treated is input from the gas phase inlet of the cyclone housing, and the gas to be treated is transformed into a cyclonic state in the centrifugal dust removal chamber and moves downward; The outer silo is loaded with capture particles, and the capture particles are moved from top to bottom in the outer silo; the inner silo is loaded with adsorption particles, and the adsorption particles are moved from top to bottom in the inner silo; Each of the spiral nozzles is connected to an air supply pipe, and a clean air flow is introduced into the external silo. The clean air flow is used to sweep the side walls of the built-in particle bed and bring the dust particles deposited on the side walls of the built-in particle bed into the centrifugal dust removal chamber for discharge.

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