Two-section type incinerator flue gas desulfurization device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device and method, relates to the technical field of flue gas desulfurization equipment, and aims to overcome the defects that in the prior art, the thermal kinetic energy allocation benefit of flue gas desulfurization reaction is low, and the mass transfer gain expansibility of flue gas and a desulfurizing agent is poor. According to the invention, the Venturi tube, the waste heat channel, the waste heat process tower and the water mist nozzle are arranged, so that the reaction effect of the flue gas and desulfurizer powder mixed phase in the flue gas desulfurization system in the circulation process is improved, and the expansion effect of the mass transfer gain of the mixed phase circulation desulfurization reaction is improved. By arranging the desulfurization adsorption tower, the desulfurization adsorption cavity, the desulfurization agent spraying mechanism and the guide assembly, the control accuracy of the desulfurization reaction mass transfer effect on the flue gas flowing path is improved. By arranging the guide assembly, the desulfurizing agent spraying mechanism, the auxiliary circulation sleeve and the Venturi tube, the variable control area of dry desulfurization reaction mass transfer gain excavation can be increased, and the mass transfer gain expansibility of the flue gas and the desulfurizing agent is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas desulfurization equipment, and in particular to a two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device and method. Background Art

[0002] Incinerators and various industrial equipment often need to emit flue gas. For example, in the petrochemical industry, thermal power generation, steam equipment and other industries, in addition to carbon dioxide, sulfide is also the main emission pollutant. At present, most of the flue gas emission desulfurization and purification processes use a combination of "semi-dry desulfurization, dry desulfurization and wet desulfurization" desulfurization processes for desulfurization and purification. The denitrification agent used is mainly slaked lime, and the material cost is gradually not suitable for efficient and convenient flue gas desulfurization processes.

[0003] In the existing "dry desulfurization and semi-dry desulfurization" technologies, such as the attached Figure 7 The experimental relationship between the reaction temperature and the desulfurization efficiency shown in the figure shows that when the calcium-based desulfurizer and catalyst components are mixed with flue gas for desulfurization, the reaction efficiency of the desulfurization components with sulfur dioxide reaches a peak at about 700 to 800 degrees Celsius; in the traditional "semi-dry and dry" desulfurization process carried out in the low-temperature section of flue gas, the flue gas at the input end of the flue gas desulfurization reaction stage has mostly undergone high-temperature denitrification or even flue gas waste heat utilization. Therefore, the temperature of the flue gas usually does not reach the optimal reaction temperature range required by the calcium-based desulfurizer. At this time, it is difficult to accurately control the amount of desulfurizer used in the dry and semi-dry desulfurization process and the amount of desulfurizer or desulfurization slurry used in the wet desulfurization process in the reaction stage. When the powder desulfurizer is added, it is easy to cause a large amount of fly ash to increase the pressure of fly ash treatment at the back end; and in this desulfurization stage, while the desulfurization efficiency is low, it is difficult to use the flue gas heat energy efficiently, which is easy to lead to high desulfurization costs, poor subsequent denitrification effects, and poor whitening treatment of tail exhaust flue gas and other systemic problems of the desulfurization process.

[0004] In the prior art, for example, Korean invention patent KR101426333B1 discloses a spouted bed dry flue gas desulfurization reactor and a multi-stage desulfurization method. In the invention patent, in the desulfurization tower, flue gas is first introduced at the bottom, and then a powdered desulfurizer is added to the flue gas flow path, and then reaction-promoting industrial water is sprayed in the flow path direction, so as to perform desulfurization mixing in the desulfurization tower stage. In this technical solution, it is easy to accumulate a large amount of reaction products at the bottom of the desulfurization tower, which may easily cause poor circulation or even blockage of the desulfurized flue gas, thereby making the maintenance cost of the desulfurization process high; at the same time, it may easily reduce the flue gas temperature output in the desulfurization stage too much, thereby causing a greater reaction load in the subsequent denitrification stage and even greatly reducing the subsequent denitrification reaction efficiency.

[0005] For example, the U.S. invention patent US4481171A discloses a dry flue gas desulfurization reactor. In this invention patent, a dual flow channel is used to control the flue gas input flux, so that the flue gas is desulfurized under the mixing of atomized desulfurization slurry. In this technical solution, the atomization effect of the desulfurization slurry determines the reaction effect of flue gas desulfurization. The flux of flue gas treatment is relatively low, which may not be suitable for industrial large-flux flue gas desulfurization equipment. At the same time, there may be excessive waste of thermal energy of the desulfurized flue gas; in addition, in this technical solution, the mixing trajectory and contact surface between the flue gas and the desulfurization components are relatively limited and fixed. Even when the flue gas flux changes, it may be difficult to change the mixing effect with the desulfurizer, which may limit the flue gas desulfurization efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device and method to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art such as low thermal kinetic energy allocation efficiency of flue gas desulfurization reaction, poor scalability of mass transfer gain between flue gas and desulfurizer, and high transformation cost.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions: A two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device comprises an air intake hood, a desulfurization adsorption tower and a semi-dry reaction tower, wherein an air intake rectification cavity is arranged in the air intake hood, and a desulfurization adsorption cavity is arranged in the desulfurization adsorption tower; An air intake inner sleeve is provided in the air intake rectification chamber, and a venturi tube is fixedly connected inside the air intake inner sleeve. The venturi tube rectifies and accelerates the flue gas to be input into the desulfurization adsorption chamber. A desulfurizer spraying mechanism is provided on the flue gas flow path in the desulfurization adsorption chamber. The desulfurizer spraying mechanism sprays the desulfurizer and mixes it with the rectified flue gas. A water mist nozzle is provided in the semi-dry reaction tower.

[0008] Preferably, the desulfurization adsorption tower and the semi-dry reaction tower are connected by a waste heat channel, and a waste heat process tower and a dust reduction tower are provided on the waste heat channel. The waste heat process tower can utilize the heat energy of the flue gas, and the dust reduction tower separates and collects excess desulfurizer in the flue gas.

[0009] Preferably, the desulfurizing agent is a powdered desulfurizing agent; By arranging a venturi tube, an air intake rectifier chamber, a desulfurization adsorption chamber, a waste heat channel, a waste heat process tower and a water mist nozzle, the reaction effect of the flow process of the flue gas and desulfurizer powder mixed phase in the flue gas desulfurization system is improved, and the expansion effect of the mass transfer gain of the mixed phase flow desulfurization reaction is improved; Reduce the possibility of local space where desulfurizer powder runs idle without reacting with flue gas, improve the circulation stability and transmission effect of the mixed phase of desulfurizer powder and flue gas in the desulfurization system, and reduce the fly ash treatment pressure of the desulfurization system; The distribution efficiency of the thermal energy of the desulfurization reaction is improved, the desulfurization reaction efficiency of the flue gas desulfurization system is improved, and the difficulty and cost of structural transformation of the desulfurization system applied to traditional flue gas desulfurization processes and equipment are reduced.

[0010] Preferably, an auxiliary circulation sleeve is provided in the air intake rectification cavity, an auxiliary circulation cavity is provided in the auxiliary circulation sleeve, the air intake inner sleeve is located in the auxiliary circulation cavity, and the axes of the air intake rectification cavity, the auxiliary circulation sleeve, the air intake inner sleeve and the venturi tube are parallel to each other; The possibility of disorder in the mixing process of the first stage dry reaction of mixing the flue gas and the desulfurizer powder is reduced, and the mixing stability of the first stage dry desulfurization reaction is improved.

[0011] Preferably, a guide assembly is provided in the side wall of the air intake rectification chamber, and the guide assembly is located at the flue gas inlet end of the desulfurizer spraying mechanism. The guide assembly includes guide vanes, a guide shaft and a guide power end. The guide vanes are located between the air intake inner sleeve and the side wall of the auxiliary circulation chamber. The guide vanes adjust the outflow direction of the flue gas between the side wall of the auxiliary circulation chamber and the air intake inner sleeve. A guide shaft is rotatably connected in the side wall of the auxiliary circulation chamber, and the end of the guide shaft is fixedly connected to the guide vanes. A guide power end is provided at the other end of the guide shaft.

[0012] Preferably, a guide assembly with the same structure is provided in the side wall of the desulfurization adsorption chamber, and the guide assembly adjusts the direction of the flue gas flowing at the radial end in the desulfurization adsorption chamber through guide vanes; By providing a desulfurization adsorption tower, a desulfurization adsorption chamber, a desulfurizer spraying mechanism and a guide component, the control accuracy of the desulfurization reaction mass transfer effect on the flue gas flow path is improved, and the gain effect of the overall mass transfer reaction efficiency of the desulfurization system is improved.

[0013] Preferably, the desulfurization agent spraying mechanism comprises a spraying pipe fixedly connected to the side wall of the desulfurization adsorption chamber, a first powder nozzle is provided at the end of the spraying pipe, the first powder nozzle is located in the desulfurization adsorption chamber, the first powder nozzle sprays the desulfurization agent to mix with the flue gas flowing out of the venturi tube, and a powder hopper is provided at the other end of the spraying pipe; By setting up guide components, desulfurization agent spraying mechanisms, desulfurization adsorption towers, desulfurization adsorption chambers, auxiliary circulation sleeves and venturi tubes, the variable control area for exploring the mass transfer gain of the dry desulfurization reaction can be increased, the expandability of the mass transfer gain between flue gas and desulfurization agent can be improved, and the flue gas desulfurization reaction efficiency and automatic control performance can be improved.

[0014] Preferably, a second powder nozzle is provided on one side of the spray pipe facing the desulfurization adsorption chamber, the second powder nozzle is located in the desulfurization adsorption chamber, and the second powder nozzle sprays the desulfurizer to mix with the flue gas flowing at the radial end in the desulfurization adsorption chamber; By providing the guide vanes, the spraying pipes, the second powder nozzles and the first powder nozzles, the possibility of the occurrence of local spaces where the desulfurizer powder runs idle without reacting with the flue gas is further reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air intake hood; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view at AA in the middle; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the desulfurization adsorption tower; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation relationship between the desulfurization agent spraying mechanism and the desulfurization adsorption tower; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point F in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the experiment on the relationship between the desulfurization efficiency of the mixed reaction of calcium-based desulfurization powder and flue gas.

[0017] Figure numbers: air intake hood 10; air intake rectification chamber 11; auxiliary circulation sleeve 12; auxiliary circulation chamber 13; air intake inner sleeve 14; venturi tube 15; desulfurization adsorption tower 20; desulfurization adsorption chamber 21; insulation layer 22; heat exchange pipe 23; circulation exchange seat 24; waste heat channel 30; waste heat process tower 31; dust suppression tower 32; semi-dry reaction tower 33; water mist nozzle 34; generation hopper 35; flue gas exhaust channel 36; guide assembly 40; guide vane 41; guide shaft 42; guide power end 43; desulfurizer spraying mechanism 50; powder hopper 51; spray pipe 52; second powder nozzle 53; first powder nozzle 54. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are only used to explain the purpose of the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention in any way. Under the guidance of the present invention, technicians can conceive of any possible variations based on the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "arranged on" another element, it can be directly on another element or there can also be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal communication of two elements, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0021] Embodiment 1 See attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 And attached Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides a two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device, including an air intake hood 10, a desulfurization adsorption tower 20 and a semi-dry reaction tower 33, the flue gas output end of the desulfurization adsorption tower 20 is connected with the semi-dry reaction tower 33 through a pipeline, a flue gas discharge channel 36 is provided at the flue gas outflow end of the semi-dry reaction tower 33, a generation hopper 35 is provided at the sedimentation end of the semi-dry reaction tower 33, an air intake rectification chamber 11 is provided in the air intake hood 10, the air intake rectification chamber 11 rectify and accelerate the primary exhaust flue gas flowing into the air intake hood 10, a desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 is provided in the desulfurization adsorption tower 20, the flue gas outflow end of the air intake rectification chamber 11 is connected with the flue gas inflow end of the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21, An air intake inner sleeve 14 is provided in the air intake rectification chamber 11, and a venturi tube 15 is fixedly connected in the air intake inner sleeve 14. The venturi tube 15 rectifies and accelerates the flue gas and then inputs it into the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. The gas velocity and flow rate of the flue gas accelerated and rectified by the venturi tube 15 are relatively increased, and the chaotic flue gas is regularly entered into the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 for circulation. A desulfurizer spraying mechanism 50 is provided on the upward flow path of the flue gas in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. The desulfurizer spraying mechanism 50 sprays the desulfurizer into the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 to mix with the rectified flue gas. The desulfurization adsorption tower 20 and the semi-dry reaction tower 33 are connected through a waste heat channel 30, and a waste heat process tower 31 and a dust removal tower 32 are arranged on the waste heat channel 30. The waste heat process tower 31 can utilize the heat energy of flue gas or other dry flue gas treatment processes, and the dust removal tower 32 separates and collects the excess unreacted desulfurizer in the flue gas before the flue gas is discharged into the semi-dry reaction tower 33; A water mist nozzle 34 is provided in the semi-dry reaction tower 33, and the desulfurizing agent is a calcium-based powder desulfurizing agent; The chaotic flue gas output from the incinerator is rectified by the venturi tube 15 and then blown into the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. A desulfurizer spraying mechanism 50 is arranged in the side wall of the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 to spray the desulfurizer powder on the regular rising flue gas entering the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. The flue gas and the desulfurizer are mixed under the collision of the rising kinetic energy of the flue gas and the effect of gas lift. The mixed phase undergoes the first stage of "dry" desulfurization reaction in the process of passing through the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21, the waste heat channel 30, the waste heat process tower 31 and the dust removal tower 32. Then, the flue gas and the powdered desulfurizing agent mixed phase flow to the semi-dry reaction tower 33, and the excess mixed phase that has not been completely desulfurized is sprayed with industrial water in the semi-dry reaction tower 33, so as to carry out the second stage of "semi-dry" desulfurization reaction. The generated reaction materials are collected by the generation hopper 35, and the desulfurized and purified flue gas and a small amount of desulfurizing agent powder are output to the subsequent tail gas treatment equipment through the flue gas discharge channel 36, and then other purification and dust removal are carried out before being passed into the flue gas discharge tower and discharged into the atmosphere; By arranging the venturi tube 15, the air intake rectification chamber 11, the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21, the waste heat channel 30, the waste heat process tower 31 and the water mist nozzle 34, the venturi tube 15 accelerates and rectifies the flow velocity and flow rate of the incinerator flue gas, and at the same time regulates the chaotic flue gas of the incinerator flowing into the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21, and obtains the initial flue gas flow beam with a stable flow direction in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21, which can improve the regularity of the initial mixing of the gas phase of the flue gas and the desulfurizer powder, reduce the difficulty of predicting the trajectory of the desulfurizer application and the mixing effect, and facilitate obtaining the best desulfurizer powder spraying direction, thereby improving the reaction effect of the flow process of the flue gas and desulfurizer powder mixed phase in the flue gas desulfurization system, and improving the expansion effect of the mass transfer gain of the mixed phase circulation desulfurization reaction, while improving the control accuracy of the application amount of the desulfurizer powder, and reducing the waste of the desulfurizer powder; The flue gas rectified by the venturi tube 15 cooperates with the desulfurizer spraying mechanism 50 in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 to reduce the relative disorder of the mixed collision between the flue gas and the desulfurizer powder in the radial direction of the flue gas flow path, and reduce the possibility of the local space in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 where the desulfurizer powder idles and does not react with the flue gas, thereby improving the circulation stability and transmission effect of the desulfurizer powder and flue gas mixed phase in the desulfurization system, further reducing the waste of desulfurizer powder and reducing the fly ash treatment pressure of the desulfurization system; In addition, the flue gas mixed with the desulfurizer powder in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 is the mixed gas initially discharged by the incinerator. The mixed gas retains the highest original heat in the desulfurization system. Compared with the traditional dry and semi-dry desulfurization processes or devices, the utilization effect of the flue gas heat by the mixed phase desulfurization reaction is improved, the allocation efficiency of the thermal kinetic energy of the desulfurization reaction in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 is improved, the gain of the initial mixed desulfurization reaction of the mixed phase of the flue gas and the desulfurizer powder is increased, and the desulfurization reaction efficiency of the flue gas desulfurization system is improved; At the same time, in the second stage of the semi-dry desulfurization reaction, the water mist nozzle 34 only needs to spray atomized industrial water to carry out the second stage of the desulfurization process, which reduces the difficulty and cost of structural modification of the desulfurization system applied to traditional flue gas desulfurization processes and equipment.

[0022] See attached Figure 2 As shown, an auxiliary circulation sleeve 12 is provided in the air intake rectification chamber 11, an auxiliary circulation chamber 13 is provided in the auxiliary circulation sleeve 12, an air intake inner sleeve 14 is located in the auxiliary circulation chamber 13, and the axes of the air intake rectification chamber 11, the auxiliary circulation sleeve 12, the air intake inner sleeve 14 and the venturi tube 15 are parallel to each other; An auxiliary circulation sleeve 12 and an air intake inner sleeve 14 are arranged in the air intake rectification chamber 11. When the flue gas is rectified through the venturi tube 15 and input into the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 to mix with the desulfurizer powder, the solid materials that collide with the side wall of the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 or settle are collected through the auxiliary circulation chamber 13, thereby reducing the possibility of blockage of the flue gas flow channel mixed with the desulfurizer powder, reducing the possibility of disorder in the mixing process of the first stage dry reaction of the flue gas and the desulfurizer powder, and improving the stability of the mixing of the first stage dry desulfurization reaction.

[0023] See attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 4As shown, a guide assembly 40 is provided in the side wall of the air intake rectification cavity 11, and the guide assembly 40 is located at the flue gas inflow end of the desulfurizer spraying mechanism 50. The guide assembly 40 includes a guide vane 41, a guide shaft 42, and a guide power end 43. The guide vane 41 is located between the air intake inner sleeve 14 and the side wall of the auxiliary circulation cavity 13. The guide vane 41 adjusts the flue gas outflow direction between the side wall of the auxiliary circulation cavity 13 and the air intake inner sleeve 14. The side wall of the auxiliary circulation cavity 13 is rotatably connected with a guide shaft 42, and the end of the guide shaft 42 is fixedly connected to the guide vane 41, and the other end of the guide shaft 42 is provided with a guide power end 43; A group of guide components 40 with the same structure uniformly distributed on the flue gas flow path are arranged in the side wall of the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. The guide components 40 adjust the direction of the flue gas flowing at the radial end of the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 through the guide vanes 41. The desulfurization agent spraying mechanism 50 includes a spraying pipe 52 fixedly connected to the side wall of the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21, and a first powder nozzle 54 is provided at the end of the spraying pipe 52. The first powder nozzle 54 is located in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. The first powder nozzle 54 sprays the desulfurization agent to mix with the flue gas flowing out of the venturi tube 15. A powder hopper 51 is provided at the other end of the spraying pipe 52; A second powder nozzle 53 is provided on one side of the spray pipe 52 facing the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. The second powder nozzle 53 is located in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. The second powder nozzle 53 sprays the desulfurizer to mix with the flue gas flowing at the radial end of the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. The guide vanes 41 arranged between the air intake inner sleeve 14 and the side wall of the auxiliary circulation chamber 13 are driven by the rotation of the guide shaft 42 to deflect at the same angle in the auxiliary circulation chamber 13 around the central axis of the auxiliary circulation chamber 13, thereby deflecting the incinerator flue gas with a relatively large flue gas flow rate entering the air intake rectification chamber 11 to a set angle to flow into the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. The flue gas flow velocity direction flowing into the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 through the auxiliary circulation chamber 13 forms a certain spiral angle within the spatial range of the radial end of the central flue gas flow path in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21, and can spray desulfurizer powder on the flowing flue gas within a relatively small cross-sectional range at the radial end of the central flue gas flow path in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. The desulfurizer powder applied through the spraying pipe 52 in the desulfurizer spraying mechanism 50 is injected into different areas under the guidance of the second powder nozzle 53 and the first powder nozzle 54, and relatively more desulfurizer powder is applied in the cross-sectional range with a smaller radial radius of the central flue gas flow path in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21, and less desulfurizer powder is applied in the cross-sectional range with a larger radial radius of the central flue gas flow path in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. The desulfurizer powder applied by the first powder nozzle 54 is mixed with the flue gas flow at the center of the flow path in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21, and the desulfurizer powder applied by the second powder nozzle 53 is mixed with the flowing flue gas in a relatively small range at the radial end of the flow path in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. At the same time, when the desulfurizer powder is applied within a smaller range at the radial end of the flue gas flow path in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21, the flowing flue gas whose flow velocity direction is deflected relative to the central flue gas flow beam within this radial cross-sectional range is mixed with the desulfurizer powder, the moving path of the desulfurizer powder flowing with the kinetic energy of the flue gas is relatively increased, and the reaction time is correspondingly increased; the application accuracy of the desulfurizer powder is improved, and the possibility of the occurrence of local space where the desulfurizer powder idles and does not react with the flue gas is further reduced, the uniformity of the mixing of the flue gas and the desulfurizer powder is improved, and the initial dry desulfurization reaction efficiency of the flue gas and the desulfurizer powder is further improved, and the flue gas desulfurization material cost and transformation cost are further reduced; In addition, when the flue gas flux at the flue gas inflow end of the air intake rectifying chamber 11 is large, the guide vanes 41 in the auxiliary circulation chamber 13 are deflected to a direction close to the axis of the auxiliary circulation sleeve 12 and the air intake inner sleeve 14 to guide the flue gas, which can release a large flue gas flux for desulfurization; when the flue gas flux at the flue gas inflow end of the air intake rectifying chamber 11 is relatively small, the guide vanes 41 in the auxiliary circulation chamber 13 are deflected at an acute angle within the vertical and horizontal ranges parallel to the axis of the air intake inner sleeve 14, and the flue gas input into the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 through the auxiliary circulation chamber 13 is guided so that it is within a relatively small cross-sectional range at the radial end of the flue gas flow path in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 , keep the initial flow direction guided by the guide vane 41 to circulate and converge with the main flue gas flow beam input into the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 by the venturi tube 15; when the flue gas flux at the flue gas inflow end of the intake rectification chamber 11 is relatively weak, the guide vane 41 rotates through the guide shaft 42 to block the auxiliary flow chamber 13 channel in the intake rectification chamber 11. At this time, the gap between adjacent guide vanes 41 mainly serves to accommodate the solid materials dropped from the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 for collection; the auxiliary flow sleeve 12 and the auxiliary flow chamber 13 can be set with multiple evenly spaced groups between the side wall of the intake rectification chamber 11 and the intake inner sleeve 14 according to actual working conditions to improve the control frequency and control accuracy; Multiple groups of desulfurizer spraying mechanisms 50 and guide components 40 are arranged in the flue gas flow path direction in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. Under the control of the fluid guiding effect of the guide vane 41 and the amount of powder sprayed into the flue gas in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 by the desulfurizer spraying mechanism 50, the flow effect of the desulfurizer and flue gas mixed phase fluid can be rectified in stages, and at the same time, the control accuracy of the desulfurization reaction mass transfer effect on the flue gas flow path is improved, and the gain effect of the overall mass transfer reaction efficiency of the desulfurization system is improved, and the desulfurization reaction efficiency and cost control accuracy of the desulfurization system are further improved; In addition, in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21, the control of the mixing effect of the desulfurizer powder and the flue gas in the radial section of the flow path, and the cooperation of the multi-stage mixed phase rectification control on the flow path, improve the release control and mixing effect of the preliminary dry desulfurization reaction of the flue gas and desulfurizer powder mixed phase at each stage, can increase the variable control area for exploring the mass transfer gain of the dry desulfurization reaction, further improve the thermal kinetic energy allocation efficiency of the flue gas desulfurization reaction, improve the scalability of the mass transfer gain between the flue gas and the desulfurizer, improve the flue gas desulfurization reaction efficiency and automatic control performance, and reduce the transformation cost of traditional flue gas desulfurization purification process equipment.

[0024] Embodiment 2 See attached Figure 4 To Attachment Figure 6 As shown, a heat insulation layer 22 is provided at the radial end of the flue gas flow path of the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21, a heat exchange pipe 23 is provided between the side wall of the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 and the heat insulation layer 22, and a flow exchange seat 24 is provided at the end of the heat exchange pipe 23. The heat exchange pipe 23 absorbs the heat carried by the flue gas in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 through the heat insulation layer 22; The desulfurization adsorption tower 20 adopts a segmented assembly structure connected by flanges, and the heat insulation layer 22 adopts a nested assembly structure. The desulfurization adsorption tower 20 and the heat insulation layer 22 are assembled in the flue gas flow path direction in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. The heat insulation layer 22 is made of heat insulation materials resistant to shot peening and wear such as ceramics. A heat exchange pipe 23 is arranged between the heat insulation layer 22 and the side wall of the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21. A flow exchange seat 24 is arranged at the inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchange pipe 23. Fluid can be input into the heat exchange pipe 23 through the flow exchange seat 24 to absorb the temperature of the flue gas and desulfurizer mixed phase in the desulfurization adsorption chamber 21 transferred to the heat insulation layer 22; It can timely utilize the heat of the primary incinerator flue gas discharged while suppressing the excessive temperature of the first stage of dry desulfurization, reduce the loss of flue gas heat energy allocation efficiency in the desulfurization system, improve the control effect of the peak temperature of the high mass transfer efficiency of the first stage flue gas desulfurization reaction, improve the stability and safety of the high-load operation of the flue gas desulfurization system, and further improve the failure rate of flue gas heat utilization in the flue gas desulfurization system.

[0025] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device, comprising an air intake hood (10), a desulfurization adsorption tower (20) and a semi-dry reaction tower (33), wherein the air intake hood (10) is provided with an air intake rectification chamber (11), and the desulfurization adsorption tower (20) is provided with a desulfurization adsorption chamber (21), characterized in that: An air intake inner sleeve (14) is provided in the air intake rectification chamber (11), a venturi tube (15) is fixedly connected in the air intake inner sleeve (14), the venturi tube (15) rectifying and accelerating the flue gas to be input into the desulfurization adsorption chamber (21), a desulfurization agent spraying mechanism (50) is provided on the flue gas flow path in the desulfurization adsorption chamber (21), the desulfurization agent spraying mechanism (50) sprays the desulfurization agent to mix with the rectified flue gas; a water mist nozzle (34) is provided in the semi-dry reaction tower (33).

2. A two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The desulfurization adsorption tower (20) and the semi-dry reaction tower (33) are connected via a waste heat channel (30). A waste heat process tower (31) and a dust removal tower (32) are provided on the waste heat channel (30). The waste heat process tower (31) can utilize flue gas heat energy, and the dust removal tower (32) separates and collects excess desulfurizer in the flue gas.

3. A two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The desulfurizing agent is a powdered desulfurizing agent.

4. A two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: An auxiliary circulation sleeve (12) is provided in the air intake rectification chamber (11), an auxiliary circulation chamber (13) is provided in the auxiliary circulation sleeve (12), the air intake inner sleeve (14) is located in the auxiliary circulation chamber (13), and the axes of the air intake rectification chamber (11), the auxiliary circulation sleeve (12), the air intake inner sleeve (14) and the Venturi tube (15) are parallel to each other.

5. A two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A guide assembly (40) is provided in the side wall of the air intake rectification chamber (11). The guide assembly (40) is located at the flue gas inlet end of the desulfurizer spraying mechanism (50). The guide assembly (40) comprises a guide vane (41), a guide shaft (42) and a guide power end (43). The guide vane (41) is located between the air intake inner sleeve (14) and the side wall of the auxiliary circulation chamber (13). The guide vane (41) adjusts the flue gas outflow direction between the side wall of the auxiliary circulation chamber (13) and the air intake inner sleeve (14). The guide shaft (42) is rotatably connected in the side wall of the auxiliary circulation chamber (13). The end of the guide shaft (42) is fixedly connected to the guide vane (41). The other end of the guide shaft (42) is provided with the guide power end (43).

6. A two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The guide assembly (40) having the same structure is provided in the side wall of the desulfurization adsorption chamber (21), and the guide assembly (40) adjusts the direction of the flue gas flowing at the radial end in the desulfurization adsorption chamber (21) through the guide vanes (41).

7. A two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The desulfurization agent spraying mechanism (50) comprises a spraying pipe (52) fixedly connected to the side wall of the desulfurization adsorption chamber (21), a first powder nozzle (54) is provided at the end of the spraying pipe (52), the first powder nozzle (54) is located in the desulfurization adsorption chamber (21), the first powder nozzle (54) sprays the desulfurization agent to mix with the flue gas flowing out of the venturi tube (15), and a powder hopper (51) is provided at the other end of the spraying pipe (52).

8. A two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A second powder nozzle (53) is provided on the side of the spray pipe (52) facing the desulfurization adsorption chamber (21). The second powder nozzle (53) is located in the desulfurization adsorption chamber (21). The second powder nozzle (53) sprays desulfurization agent to mix with the flue gas flowing at the radial end in the desulfurization adsorption chamber (21).

9. A two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization method, characterized in that: A two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization device applicable to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the two-stage incinerator flue gas desulfurization method comprises: Step 1: Flue gas circulation, the flue gas is rectified and accelerated by the air intake inner sleeve (14) and the flue gas flow direction is deflected by the guide vanes (41) between the air intake inner sleeve (14) and the auxiliary circulation sleeve (12), and the circulating flue gas is input into the desulfurization adsorption chamber (21); Step 2: Desulfurizing agent mixing, spraying desulfurizing agent powder at different radial positions of the flue gas flow path in the desulfurization adsorption chamber (21) to mix with the circulating flue gas; Step 3: Tail-stage desulfurization: Industrial water is sprayed through a water mist nozzle (34) at the output end micro-segment where the flue gas and the desulfurizer are mixed to remove dust and desulfurize, and then the flue gas is transported to a flue gas emission tower for treatment and emission.

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