Device for continuously preparing nano material by using loaded powder constraint electric explosion method and use method of device

Abstract

The invention provides a device for continuously preparing nanometer materials through a loaded powder constraint electric explosion method and a using method thereof.The device comprises a driving mechanism, an explosion mechanism, a belt pressing wheel mechanism and a pressing block mechanism, the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor and a rotating shaft, and the explosion mechanism comprises an energy storage capacitor and a plurality of electrodes; a confined explosion chamber is formed between every two adjacent electrodes, the confined explosion chambers are evenly distributed on an explosion chamber disc, the explosion chamber disc is further provided with an annular powder carrying belt channel, the upper pressing belt wheel mechanism and the lower pressing belt wheel mechanism are arranged, and each pressing block mechanism comprises a pressing block elastic support and a sealing pressing block. According to the invention, a plurality of explosion restraining chambers are formed in the disc, so that the problem that the existing equipment only has one explosion chamber, and electric explosion is continuously carried out in the only explosion chamber, so that the explosion chamber is seriously ablated and damaged is solved; and the problem of repeated electric explosion caused by excessive adsorption of powder on the wall of the explosion chamber due to continuous explosion in the only explosion chamber is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation, and specifically relates to a device for continuously preparing nano materials by a powder-loaded constrained electric explosion method and a method for using the device. Background Art

[0002] Nanomaterials have attracted extensive attention in many fields due to their unique physical and chemical properties, such as graphene, nano-barium titanate, nano-barium sulfate, etc. In supercapacitors and new energy batteries, various membrane materials used for corrosion protection, heating, desalination and wave absorption, and the composite fields of polymer materials, metal materials, inorganic non-metallic materials and nanomaterials, fruitful results have been achieved, showing good prospects for industrial application. The nanomaterials used in these fields are usually powders, and there is a large demand for industrial applications. For example, in the field of graphene material preparation, various improved Hummers methods are often used. First, graphite is oxidized and intercalated with a strong oxidant to increase the atomic distance; it is exfoliated into graphene oxide by stirring or ultrasonic treatment; and reduced graphene oxide is obtained by using a reducing agent. This method can produce graphene on a large scale, but the physical and chemical properties of the graphene produced by this method are highly dispersed, the content of impurity elements is relatively high, and the production process will produce a large amount of treatment liquid that pollutes the environment; other fields often use high-temperature solid-phase method, chemical vapor deposition method, sol-gel method, ball milling method and other process methods to prepare nanomaterials; these methods have complex process processes, relatively high energy consumption, and produce a large amount of waste liquid in the production process. Currently, the development of low-cost, green, large-scale and high-quality fine-structure regulated nanomaterial preparation methods has become a key core issue in the development of nanomaterials.

[0003] Mechanical exfoliation is a highly anticipated method for preparing nanomaterials. It uses mechanical energy to overcome the intermolecular interaction force and can obtain high-quality nanomaterials. Usually, the powder material is mixed with a solvent, and energy is input through methods such as ultrasound, stirring and ball milling. The powder particles collide with each other and interact with the wall and solution to achieve gradual fragmentation and exfoliation of the powder particles. However, when the exfoliation reaches a certain particle size or the particle mass is reduced to a certain extent, its collision kinetic energy gradually decreases, and further exfoliation of the powder particles becomes increasingly difficult. Among the obtained products, the proportion of nanomaterials is very small. The electric explosion method is a new method for producing nanomaterials by mechanical exfoliation. The powder material is sent into a confined explosion chamber; the energy storage capacitor releases a high voltage through two electrodes, and a large current is introduced into the powder material in a gas gap discharge mode, so that it heats up and explodes. The explosion product undergoes a high temperature and high pressure process in the confined explosion chamber, and then is ejected from the explosion collision port accompanied by a shock wave. The powder material undergoes high temperature, high pressure and the action of the shock wave to exfoliate or break into nanomaterials. The nanomaterials ejected from the explosion are evenly suspended in the protective atmosphere to form a nanomaterial aerosol.

[0004] In the prior art, there is a device for preparing nanomaterials by constrained electric explosion using a carrier belt to feed powder for continuous constrained electric explosion. The device uses a carrier belt passing through a composite explosion tube with a high-voltage electrode and a grounding electrode. The carrier belt completes continuous electric explosion under the pull of a motor. However, the continuous electric explosion of the device occurs in a single explosion confinement chamber, and the explosion chamber is greatly ablated, which affects the life of the device and the actual production capacity. In addition, the shape of the explosion chamber is single, which cannot better constrain the energy collection.

[0005] Based on this, a device for continuous preparation of nanomaterials by constrained electric explosion with loaded powder and its use method are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device for continuously preparing nanomaterials by constrained electric explosion with loaded powder and a method of using the device in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that electric explosions occur continuously in the same explosion chamber, resulting in serious ablation of the explosion chamber, and to solve the problem that continuous explosions in a single explosion chamber result in excessive adsorption of powder on the wall of the explosion chamber, resulting in repeated electric explosions.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: the present invention provides a device for continuously preparing nanomaterials by a loaded powder constrained electric explosion method, comprising a driving mechanism for driving the explosion chamber disc to rotate, an explosion mechanism, a belt pressing wheel mechanism, and a block pressing mechanism for sealing and constraining the explosion chamber;

[0008] The driving mechanism includes a driving motor and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the explosion chamber disc, the driving motor is connected to the rotating shaft through a coupling to drive the rotating shaft to move, the constrained explosion chamber is provided with n, and the n constrained explosion chambers are evenly distributed on the explosion chamber disc, and n is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0009] The explosion mechanism includes an energy storage capacitor and a plurality of electrodes, the plurality of electrodes are embedded on the explosion chamber disc and are respectively located at mutually separated positions of the plurality of restrained explosion chambers, the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor are respectively connected to two electrodes on both sides of a restrained explosion chamber, and are used to release high voltage in the restrained explosion chamber during electric explosion;

[0010] The explosion chamber disc is also provided with an annular powder belt channel, and the belt pressing wheel mechanism is provided with two groups, the lower belt pressing wheel mechanism is used to send the powder belt carrying the powder material into the powder belt channel in the tangential direction, and the upper belt pressing wheel mechanism is used to send the powder belt after the electric explosion out of the powder belt channel;

[0011] The pressing block mechanism includes a pressing block elastic support and a sealing pressing block. The powder carrier belt enters the constrained explosion chamber through the powder carrier belt channel. One end of the pressing block elastic support is fixed on the rotating shaft support. The rotating shaft support is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft. The sealing pressing block is fixedly installed on the other end of the pressing block elastic support. The sealing pressing block is located above the powder carrier belt channel. The elastic force of the pressing block elastic support acts on the sealing pressing block, and the sealing pressing block squeezes and seals the inner side of the constrained explosion chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the belt pressure roller mechanism comprises a belt pressure roller elastic bracket, a belt pressure roller shaft and a belt pressure roller, the belt pressure roller is located above the powder carrying belt channel, the belt pressure roller and the belt pressure roller shaft are fixedly connected by transition fit, the belt pressure roller elastic bracket is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft bracket, the belt pressure roller elastic bracket is connected to the belt pressure roller shaft via a bearing, the belt pressure roller is connected to the rotating shaft bracket via the belt pressure roller elastic bracket, and the belt pressure roller is pressed above the powder carrying belt channel by relying on the elastic force of the belt pressure roller elastic bracket.

[0013] Preferably, the powder-carrying belt channel is concentric with the explosion chamber disk and overlaps with the inner side of the confined explosion chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the powder-carrying belt loaded with powder material moves synchronously with the explosion chamber disc under the action of the friction force of the powder-carrying belt channel.

[0015] Preferably, the confined explosion chamber shrinks symmetrically from the inside to the outside into a narrow opening to form an explosion nozzle.

[0016] Preferably, the length of the sealing pressing block is greater than the length of the confined explosion chamber.

[0017] Preferably, the driving mechanism, the explosion mechanism, the belt pressing wheel mechanism, the block pressing mechanism, the powder carrying belt and the explosion chamber disc are all placed in a closed container of argon medium.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned device for continuously preparing nanomaterials by the method of constrained electric explosion with loaded powder, and the method for using the device is as follows:

[0019] The voltage is charged to the energy storage capacitor, the driving motor is started, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate. The rotating shaft drives the explosion chamber disc and the powder belt channel to rotate. The powder belt carrying the powder material enters the powder belt channel through the belt pressing wheel mechanism below and rotates synchronously with the powder belt channel.

[0020] When the powder-carrying belt carrying the powder material reaches between the two electrodes on both sides of the first confined explosion chamber, the two electrodes on both sides of the first confined explosion chamber serve as the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode respectively, and are connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor. The energy storage capacitor releases a high voltage in the first confined explosion chamber through the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode, and a large current is introduced into the powder material in the first confined explosion chamber in a gas gap discharge mode to cause an explosion. The explosion products obtained by the explosion are directionally ejected from the nozzle under the confinement of the first confined explosion chamber to form a nano material aerosol; the first confined explosion chamber is the first confined explosion chamber in which an electric explosion occurs among the n confined explosion chambers;

[0021] Next, the powder-carrying belt carrying the powder material reaches between the two electrodes on both sides of the second constrained explosion chamber. The two electrodes on both sides of the second constrained explosion chamber serve as high-voltage electrodes and ground electrodes respectively, and are connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor. The energy storage capacitor releases high voltage in the second constrained explosion chamber through the high-voltage electrodes and the ground electrodes, and a large current is introduced into the powder material in the second constrained explosion chamber in a gas gap discharge mode to cause an explosion. The explosion products obtained by the explosion are directionally ejected from the nozzle to form a nano material aerosol under the constraining effect of the second constrained explosion chamber. The second constrained explosion chamber is the second constrained explosion chamber in which electric explosion occurs among the n constrained explosion chambers, and the first constrained explosion chamber is adjacent to the second constrained explosion chamber.

[0022] The operation of sequential electric explosion is the same as above. After the nth constrained explosion chamber completes one electric explosion, the first constrained explosion chamber starts the next round of electric explosion in a cycle, and finally the driving motor is turned off until all the powder materials on the powder carrier belt are completely exploded and exhausted; the nth constrained explosion chamber is the last constrained explosion chamber among the n constrained explosion chambers where electric explosion occurs, and the nth constrained explosion chamber is adjacent to the first constrained explosion chamber;

[0023] The powder-carrying belt that has completed electric explosion is sent out from the powder-carrying belt channel through the belt pressing wheel mechanism above.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] The present invention solves the problem that the existing equipment has only one explosion chamber, and continuous electric explosions in the single explosion chamber cause serious ablation damage to the explosion chamber, and solves the problem that continuous explosions in the single explosion chamber cause excessive adsorption of powder on the wall of the explosion chamber and cause repeated electric explosions; and the shape of the explosion chamber can be used to better constrain energy gathering and improve the electric explosion effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the powder material of the present invention in the confined explosion chamber;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0029] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the middle BB;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the powder-carrying belt of the present invention.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 1-rotating shaft; 2-pressing wheel shaft; 3-pressing wheel; 4-sealing pressure block; 5-grounding electrode; 6-confined explosion chamber; 7-high voltage electrode; 8-pressure block elastic support; 9-rotating shaft support; 10-pressing wheel elastic support; 11-explosion chamber disc; 12-powder carrier channel; 13-powder carrier belt; 14-powder material; C-energy storage capacitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a technical solution: a device for continuously preparing nanomaterials by a loaded powder constrained electric explosion method, comprising a driving mechanism for driving the explosion chamber disc 11 to rotate, an explosion mechanism, a belt pressing wheel mechanism, and a block pressing mechanism for sealing and constraining the explosion chamber 6;

[0036] The driving mechanism includes a driving motor and a rotating shaft 1, and the rotating shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the explosion chamber disc 11. The driving motor is connected to the rotating shaft 1 through a coupling to drive the rotating shaft 1 to move. The explosion chamber disc 11 is provided with n constrained explosion chambers 6, and the n constrained explosion chambers 6 are evenly distributed on the explosion chamber disc 11, and n is a positive integer greater than 1; the constrained explosion chamber 6 is symmetrically contracted from the inside to the outside into a narrow mouth, forming an explosion nozzle, thereby achieving different constrained energy gathering effects.

[0037] The explosion mechanism includes an energy storage capacitor C and multiple electrodes, and the multiple electrodes are embedded on the explosion chamber disc 11 and are located at the separation positions of multiple constrained explosion chambers 6. The negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C are respectively connected to two electrodes on both sides of a constrained explosion chamber 6, wherein the electrode connected to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C is defined as a high-voltage electrode 7, and the electrode connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C is defined as a grounding electrode 5. Then, the multiple electrodes can be used as high-voltage electrodes or as grounding electrodes according to the connection relationship with the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C.

[0038] In this embodiment, the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C are fixed in position, and the multiple electrodes are connected to the energy storage capacitor C in sequence during the rotation of the explosion chamber disc 11.

[0039] The explosion chamber disc 11 is also provided with an annular powder-carrying belt channel 12, which is concentric with the explosion chamber disc 11 and overlaps with the inner side of the confined explosion chamber 6;

[0040] The belt pressing wheel mechanism is provided with two groups, the lower belt pressing wheel mechanism is used to send the powder belt 13 loaded with powder material 14 into the powder belt channel 12 in the tangential direction, and the upper belt pressing wheel mechanism is used to send the powder belt 13 after the electric explosion method out of the powder belt channel 12. The powder belt 13 loaded with powder material 14 moves synchronously with the explosion chamber disc 11 under the action of the friction force with the powder belt channel 12.

[0041] The belt pressure roller mechanism includes a belt pressure roller elastic bracket 10, a belt pressure roller shaft 2 and a belt pressure roller 3. The belt pressure roller 3 is located above the powder belt channel 12. The belt pressure roller 3 is fixedly connected to the belt pressure roller shaft 2 by a transition fit. The rotating shaft 1 is externally rotatably sleeved with a rotating shaft bracket 9. One end of the belt pressure roller elastic bracket 10 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft bracket 9. The other end of the belt pressure roller elastic bracket 10 is connected to the belt pressure roller shaft 2 through a bearing. The belt pressure roller 3 is connected to the rotating shaft bracket 9 through the belt pressure roller elastic bracket 10. The belt pressure roller 3 is pressed above the powder belt channel 12 by the elastic force of the belt pressure roller elastic bracket 10.

[0042] The pressing block mechanism includes a pressing block elastic support 8 and a sealing pressing block 4. The powder carrier belt 13 enters the constrained explosion chamber 6 through the powder carrier belt channel 12. One end of the pressing block elastic support 8 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft support 9, and the sealing pressing block 4 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the pressing block elastic support 8. The sealing pressing block 4 is located above the powder carrier belt channel 12. The elastic force of the pressing block elastic support 8 acts on the sealing pressing block 4. The sealing pressing block 4 squeezes and seals the inner side of the constrained explosion chamber 6. The length of the sealing pressing block 4 is greater than the length of the constrained explosion chamber 6.

[0043] The driving mechanism, the explosion mechanism, the belt pressing wheel mechanism, the block pressing mechanism, the powder carrying belt 13 and the explosion chamber disc 11 are all placed in a closed container of argon medium.

[0044] In this embodiment, the high voltage electrode 7 and the ground electrode 5 are made of brass, and other materials with good conductivity and capable of protecting the powder from contamination may be used instead. For example, a graphite electrode may be used when electrically blasting graphite powder.

[0045] In this embodiment, the confined explosion chamber 6 is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material, and other materials with good insulation properties may also be selected.

[0046] In this embodiment, the number n of the confined explosion chambers 6 is 6.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] This embodiment provides a method for using the device for continuously preparing nanomaterials by the powder-loaded confined electric explosion method described in Embodiment 1. The method for using is as follows:

[0049] The energy storage capacitor C is charged with voltage, and the driving motor is started to drive the rotating shaft 1 to rotate clockwise. The explosion chamber disc 11 fixed to the rotating shaft 1 also rotates clockwise, and the powder belt channel 12 on the explosion chamber disc 11 also rotates clockwise. The powder belt 13 carrying the powder material 14 enters the powder belt channel 12 through the belt pressing wheel mechanism below, and rotates synchronously with the powder belt channel 12;

[0050] When the powder-carrying belt 13 loaded with powder material 14 reaches between the two electrodes on both sides of the first confined explosion chamber 6, the two electrodes on both sides of the first confined explosion chamber 6 serve as a high-voltage electrode and a grounding electrode respectively, and are connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C. The energy storage capacitor C releases a high voltage in the first confined explosion chamber 6 through the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode, and adopts a gas gap discharge mode to introduce a large current into the powder material 14 in the first confined explosion chamber 6 and cause an explosion. The explosion products obtained by the explosion are directionally ejected from the nozzle into a sealed container of argon medium through the confinement effect of the first confined explosion chamber 6 to form a nano material aerosol; the first confined explosion chamber 6 is the first confined explosion chamber 6 in which an electric explosion occurs among the n confined explosion chambers 6;

[0051] Next, the powder-carrying belt 13 loaded with the powder material 14 reaches between the two electrodes on both sides of the second constrained explosion chamber 6. The two electrodes on both sides of the second constrained explosion chamber 6 serve as a high-voltage electrode and a grounding electrode respectively, and are connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C. The high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode release a high voltage in the second constrained explosion chamber 6, and a large current is introduced into the powder material 14 in the second constrained explosion chamber 6 in a gas gap discharge mode to cause an explosion. The explosion products obtained by the explosion are directionally ejected from the nozzle into a sealed container of argon medium under the constraining effect of the second constrained explosion chamber 6 to form a nano material aerosol. The second constrained explosion chamber 6 is the second constrained explosion chamber 6 in which electric explosion occurs among the n constrained explosion chambers 6, and the first constrained explosion chamber 6 is adjacent to the second constrained explosion chamber 6.

[0052] The operation of sequential electric explosion is the same as above. The powder-carrying belt 13 loaded with the powder material 14 subsequently reaches between the two electrodes on both sides of the third constrained explosion chamber 6, the fourth constrained explosion chamber 6, etc., until between the two electrodes on both sides of the nth constrained explosion chamber 6. Electric explosion of the powder material 14 occurs in the nth constrained explosion chamber 6 to form a nano material aerosol. After all the constrained explosion chambers 6 on the explosion chamber disc 11 have completed one electric explosion, the first constrained explosion chamber 6 starts the next round of electric explosion in a cycle. Finally, the powder material 14 on the powder-carrying belt 13 is completely exhausted after electric explosion, and then the drive motor is turned off. The nth constrained explosion chamber 6 is the last constrained explosion chamber 6 among the n constrained explosion chambers 6 where electric explosion occurs. The nth constrained explosion chamber 6 is adjacent to the first constrained explosion chamber 6.

[0053] The powder-carrying belt 13 that has completed electric explosion is sent out from the powder-carrying belt channel 12 through the upper belt pressing wheel mechanism.

[0054] During the above-mentioned electric explosion of the powder material 14, the electric explosion is completed instantly, and the driving motor is always in a uniform rotation state, and there is no need to slow down or stop at the moment of explosion; the driving motor uses a DC reduction motor, but is not limited to this, and a driving component with the same driving effect can be used instead.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for continuously preparing nanomaterials by a powder-loaded constrained electric explosion method, characterized in that: It comprises a driving mechanism for driving the explosion chamber disc (11) to rotate, an explosion mechanism, a belt pressing wheel mechanism, and a block pressing mechanism for sealing and restraining the explosion chamber (6); The driving mechanism comprises a driving motor and a rotating shaft (1), wherein the rotating shaft (1) is fixedly connected to the explosion chamber disc (11), and the driving motor is connected to the rotating shaft (1) via a coupling to drive the rotating shaft (1) to move, wherein n number of the constrained explosion chambers (6) are provided, and the n number of the constrained explosion chambers (6) are evenly distributed on the explosion chamber disc (11), and n is a positive integer greater than 1; The explosion mechanism comprises an energy storage capacitor (C) and a plurality of electrodes, the plurality of electrodes are all embedded on the explosion chamber disc (11) and are respectively located at mutually separated positions of a plurality of restrained explosion chambers (6), the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor (C) are respectively connected to two electrodes on both sides of a restrained explosion chamber, and are used to release a high voltage in the restrained explosion chamber during electric explosion; The explosion chamber disc (11) is also provided with an annular powder-carrying belt channel (12), and the belt-pressing wheel mechanism is provided with two groups, an upper group and an lower group, wherein the lower belt-pressing wheel mechanism is used to send the powder-carrying belt (13) carrying the powder material (14) into the powder-carrying belt channel (12) in a tangential direction, and the upper belt-pressing wheel mechanism is used to send the powder-carrying belt (13) after the electric explosion out of the powder-carrying belt channel (12); The pressing block mechanism comprises a pressing block elastic support (8) and a sealing pressing block (4); the powder carrier belt (13) enters the constrained explosion chamber (6) through the powder carrier belt channel (12); one end of the pressing block elastic support (8) is fixed on the rotating shaft support (9); the rotating shaft support (9) is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft (1); the sealing pressing block (4) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the pressing block elastic support (8); the sealing pressing block (4) is located above the powder carrier belt channel (12); the elastic force of the pressing block elastic support (8) acts on the sealing pressing block (4); and the sealing pressing block (4) squeezes and seals the inner side of the constrained explosion chamber (6).

2. The device for continuously preparing nanomaterials by the method of confined electric explosion with loaded powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The belt-pressing wheel mechanism comprises a belt-pressing wheel elastic bracket (10), a belt-pressing wheel shaft (2) and a belt-pressing wheel (3); the belt-pressing wheel (3) is located above the powder-carrying belt channel (12); the belt-pressing wheel (3) and the belt-pressing wheel shaft (2) are fixedly connected by transition fit; one end of the belt-pressing wheel elastic bracket (10) is fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft bracket (9); the other end of the belt-pressing wheel elastic bracket (10) is connected to the belt-pressing wheel shaft (2) via a bearing; the belt-pressing wheel (3) is connected to the rotating shaft bracket (9) via the belt-pressing wheel elastic bracket (10); and the belt-pressing wheel (3) is pressed above the powder-carrying belt channel (12) by the elastic force of the belt-pressing wheel elastic bracket (10).

3. The device for continuously preparing nanomaterials by the method of confined electric explosion with loaded powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder-carrying belt channel (12) is concentric with the explosion chamber disc (11) and overlaps with the inner side of the confined explosion chamber (6).

4. The device for continuously preparing nanomaterials by the method of confined electric explosion with loaded powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder-carrying belt (13) loaded with powder material (14) moves synchronously with the explosion chamber disc (11) under the action of the friction force of the powder-carrying belt channel (12).

5. The device for continuously preparing nanomaterials by the method of confined electric explosion with loaded powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The confined explosion chamber (6) shrinks symmetrically from the inside to the outside into a narrow opening, forming an explosion nozzle.

6. The device for continuously preparing nanomaterials by the method of confined electric explosion with loaded powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the sealing pressing block (4) is greater than the length of the explosion confining chamber (6).

7. The device for continuously preparing nanomaterials by the method of confined electric explosion with loaded powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism, the explosion mechanism, the belt pressing wheel mechanism, the block pressing mechanism, the powder carrying belt (13) and the explosion chamber disc (11) are all placed in a sealed container of argon medium.

8. The method for using the device for continuous preparation of nanomaterials by a powder-loaded confined electric explosion method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The usage is: A voltage is charged into the energy storage capacitor (C), and the driving motor is started to drive the rotating shaft (1) to rotate. The rotating shaft (1) drives the explosion chamber disc (11) and the powder-carrying belt channel (12) to rotate. The powder-carrying belt (13) carrying the powder material (14) enters the powder-carrying belt channel (12) through the belt pressing wheel mechanism below and rotates synchronously with the powder-carrying belt channel (12); When the powder-carrying belt (13) loaded with powder material (14) reaches between the two electrodes on both sides of the first confined explosion chamber (6), the two electrodes on both sides of the first confined explosion chamber (6) serve as a high-voltage electrode and a grounding electrode respectively, and are connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor (C). The energy storage capacitor (C) releases a high voltage in the first confined explosion chamber (6) through the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode, and a large current is introduced into the powder material (14) in the first confined explosion chamber (6) in a gas gap discharge mode to cause an explosion. The explosion products obtained by the explosion are ejected directionally from the nozzle under the confinement of the first confined explosion chamber (6) to form a nano material aerosol; the first confined explosion chamber (6) is the first confined explosion chamber (6) in which electric explosion occurs among the n confined explosion chambers (6); Next, the powder-carrying belt (13) loaded with the powder material (14) reaches between the two electrodes on both sides of the second confined explosion chamber (6). The two electrodes on both sides of the second confined explosion chamber (6) serve as a high-voltage electrode and a grounding electrode respectively, and are connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor (C). The energy storage capacitor (C) releases a high voltage in the second confined explosion chamber (6) through the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode, and a large current is introduced into the powder material (14) in the second confined explosion chamber (6) in a gas gap discharge mode to cause an explosion. The explosion products obtained by the explosion are ejected from the nozzle in a direction to form a nano material aerosol under the confinement of the second confined explosion chamber (6). The second confined explosion chamber (6) is the second confined explosion chamber (6) in which electric explosion occurs among the n confined explosion chambers (6), and the first confined explosion chamber (6) is adjacent to the second confined explosion chamber (6). The electric explosion operation is performed in sequence as above, and after the nth constrained explosion chamber (6) completes one electric explosion, the first constrained explosion chamber (6) starts the next round of electric explosion in a cycle, and finally the powder material (14) on the powder carrier belt (13) is completely electric-exploded and exhausted, and then the drive motor is turned off; the nth constrained explosion chamber (6) is the last constrained explosion chamber (6) among the n constrained explosion chambers (6) in which electric explosion occurs, and the nth constrained explosion chamber (6) is adjacent to the first constrained explosion chamber (6); The powder-carrying belt (13) that has completed the electric explosion is sent out from the powder-carrying belt channel (13) through the upper belt pressing wheel mechanism.

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