Multi-medium jet exciter for cross-medium aircraft to go in and out of ice layer

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cross-medium aircrafts, and particularly relates to a multi-medium jet flow exciter for a cross-medium aircraft to enter and exit an ice layer. The jet exciter comprises a cabin body mounted at the top of the cross-medium aircraft, and a high-voltage pulse power supply, a discharge electrode and an exciter cavity which are positioned in the cabin body. The top of the cabin body is provided with an opening, the opening is communicated with the exciter cavity, the high-voltage pulse power supply is connected with the discharge electrode, and one end of the discharge electrode extends into the exciter cavity and is in contact with air or water contained in the exciter cavity. At the moment that the cross-medium aircraft is in contact with an ice layer, the high-voltage pulse power supply discharges, air or water contained in the cavity of the exciter generates electric breakdown, and gas-phase jet flow or liquid-phase jet flow for icebreaking is rapidly formed. The cross-medium aircraft provided with the multi-medium jet flow exciter can move across ice layers. And therefore, the cross-medium aircraft can be applied to the north pole, and the working space of the cross-medium aircraft is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of cross-medium aircraft, and in particular relates to a multi-medium jet actuator used for a cross-medium aircraft to enter and exit an ice layer. Background Art

[0002] The application of jet actuators in the field of ice breaking has shown significant advantages. Based on its fast response, low energy consumption, and high jet intensity, plasma synthetic jet actuators have been introduced to break ice on the surface of aircraft and drones. Studies have shown that by adjusting the total discharge energy and layout of the actuator, ice types with different curvature radii can be effectively broken, and through cracks up to 20 cm long can be generated, achieving a large-area, low-energy ice-breaking effect.

[0003] At present, the research on cross-medium aircraft is still in its infancy. The cross-medium aircraft in the existing technology can break through the physical isolation of water and airspace, freely switch between water and air, and have both sea and air amphibious operation capabilities. However, it faces the following problems: the current cross-medium aircraft does not have the ability to achieve cross-ice maneuvers and cannot play its role in important strategic locations such as the Arctic. Therefore, at this stage, my country urgently needs to research and produce a cross-medium aircraft that can maneuver across the ice layer, which plays a key role in Arctic resource development and geopolitics. Further research on cross-medium aircraft crossing the ice layer plays a key role in resource development and environmental challenge response. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] The present invention provides a multi-medium jet exciter device for a cross-medium aircraft to enter and exit an ice layer, aiming to propose a method of using a multi-medium jet to break the ice layer, solve the problem that the cross-medium aircraft cannot maneuver across the ice layer, and expand the working environment of the cross-medium aircraft.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a multi-medium jet exciter for a cross-medium aircraft to enter and exit an ice layer, the jet exciter comprising a cabin that can be installed on the top of the cross-medium aircraft, and a high-voltage pulse power supply, a discharge electrode and an exciter cavity located in the cabin. The cabin has an opening on the top, the opening is connected to the exciter cavity, the high-voltage pulse power supply is connected to the discharge electrode, one end of the discharge electrode extends into the exciter cavity and contacts the air or water contained in the exciter cavity.

[0008] When the trans-medium aircraft is in the navigation stage, air or water enters the interior of the exciter cavity through the opening; at the moment the trans-medium aircraft contacts the ice layer, the high-voltage pulse power supply is turned on and discharges, and the air or water contained in the interior of the exciter cavity undergoes electrical breakdown, forming a gas jet or a liquid jet at the opening, and the gas jet or the liquid jet can break the ice layer.

[0009] A further technical solution is that the exciter cavity is a cylindrical cavity, and the top of the cavity is connected to the opening through a narrow tube.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the exciter cavity and the narrow tube are an integrally formed structure, and a movable baffle is provided at the opening.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the cross-sectional area of ​​the opening is 1 / 25-1 / 10 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the actuator cavity.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the narrow tube gradually tapers along a direction from the exciter cavity to the opening.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the cabin has a streamlined outer contour and a threaded structure that can be threadedly connected to the cross-medium aircraft.

[0014] A further technical solution is that a buffer material is filled between the inner wall of the cabin and the exciter cavity.

[0015] A further technical solution is that a plurality of physical strikers are arranged in a ring array on the cabin along the circumferential edge of the opening.

[0016] A further technical solution is that the power of the high-voltage pulse power supply is adapted to the capacity of the exciter cavity, and the discharge electrode is threadedly connected to the exciter cavity.

[0017] A method for breaking ice on a cross-medium aircraft, characterized in that the cross-medium aircraft is equipped with a multi-medium jet actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the ice-breaking method comprises:

[0018] When the trans-medium aircraft changes from the aerial flight phase to the underwater navigation phase, the aircraft needs to break through the ice and enter the water. At this time, the inside of the exciter cavity is air. When the aircraft contacts the ice layer, the high-voltage pulse power switch is turned on, and gas phase discharge is carried out between the discharge electrodes. At this time, the gas pressure and temperature inside the exciter cavity rise rapidly, and shock waves and gas phase jets are generated at the exciter outlet. Under the combined action of the high strain rate concentrated load of the shock wave and the aerodynamic impact concentrated load of the gas phase jet, the ice layer expands outward with the exciter opening at the top of the aircraft as the center to form cracks and destruction, thereby completing the trans-medium aircraft's ice-breaking and entry into the water.

[0019] When the trans-medium aircraft changes from the underwater navigation stage to the air flight stage, the aircraft needs to break through the ice and get out of the water. At this time, the inside of the exciter cavity is liquid water. When the aircraft contacts the ice layer, the high-voltage pulse power switch is turned on, and liquid phase discharge is carried out between the discharge electrodes. According to the liquid-electric effect, a plasma channel is formed between the two electrodes, and shock waves, bubbles and liquid phase jets are generated at the same time. Due to the incompressibility of water, the ice layer is destroyed under the combined action of the shock wave and the high pressure inside the bubbles, thereby completing the trans-medium aircraft's ice breaking and getting out of the water.

[0020] (III) Beneficial effects

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The present invention provides a multi-media jet exciter for a cross-media aircraft to enter and exit an ice layer. The jet exciter emits a jet to break the ice layer. The exciter can generate both gas-phase jet icebreaking in the air and liquid-phase jet icebreaking underwater, and is a device with two working modes. Compared with traditional icebreaking technology, the device responds more quickly, requires a lighter load, and has better endurance. At the same time, because the direction and energy of the jet are easier to control than electric heating and blasting, the jet can better concentrate the impact load, achieve fixed-point icebreaking, and have higher icebreaking efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-media jet actuator when a cross-media aircraft breaks ice and enters water;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-medium jet actuator when a cross-medium aircraft breaks ice and emerges from water;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the process of an aircraft using a multi-media jet actuator to break ice and enter and exit water.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the shock wave and gas phase jet generated during gas phase discharge of the exciter;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of ice breaking by gas phase discharge of a multi-medium jet actuator;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of bubbles and liquid phase jets generated during liquid phase discharge of the actuator;

[0029] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of liquid phase discharge ice breaking by a multi-media jet actuator.

[0030] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0031] 1: jet exciter; 2: gas phase jet; 3: liquid phase jet; 4: ice layer; 5: shock wave; 11: cabin; 111: opening; 12: discharge electrode; 13: exciter cavity; 14: narrow tube; 15 high voltage pulse power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] This embodiment provides a multi-medium jet actuator for a cross-medium aircraft to enter and exit an ice layer, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes

[0034] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present embodiment proposes a multi-medium jet exciter for a cross-medium aircraft to enter and exit an ice layer. The jet exciter 1 comprises a cabin 11 that can be installed on the top of the cross-medium aircraft, and a high-voltage pulse power supply, a discharge electrode 12 and an exciter cavity 13 located in the cabin 11. The top of the cabin 11 has an opening 111, which is connected to the exciter cavity 13. The high-voltage pulse power supply is connected to the discharge electrode 12. One end of the discharge electrode 12 extends into the interior of the exciter cavity 13 and contacts the air or water contained in the exciter cavity 13.

[0035] When the trans-medium aircraft is in the navigation stage, air or water enters the exciter cavity 13 through the opening 111; the moment the trans-medium aircraft contacts the ice layer, the high-voltage pulse power supply is turned on and discharges, and the air or water contained in the exciter cavity 13 undergoes electrical breakdown, forming a gas jet 2 or a liquid jet 3 at the opening 111, and the gas jet 2 or the liquid jet 3 can break the ice layer 4.

[0036] It should be noted here that the above-mentioned gas phase jet 2 will also be accompanied by the generation of shock wave 5 during its formation process, and shock wave 5 plays an auxiliary role in the ice-breaking process of the gas phase jet 2; the above-mentioned liquid phase jet 3 is a water jet generated by the high-temperature and high-pressure bubbles generated under the liquid-electric effect, which push water during its growth process. The rupture of the bubbles will also play an auxiliary role in the ice-breaking of the water jet.

[0037] The cross-medium aircraft described in this embodiment specifically refers to a rocket launcher. The medium includes air and water. In this embodiment, the top of the cabin 11 specifically refers to the end of the rocket launcher located in the forward direction thereof.

[0038] In this embodiment, the gas phase jet 2 or the liquid phase jet 3 is used to break the ice, so that the cross-medium aircraft can shuttle back and forth between the upper and lower layers of the ice layer 4, thereby improving the concealment of the cross-medium aircraft. The jet response is faster, the load required to be carried by the cross-medium aircraft is lighter, and the cross-medium aircraft has better endurance. At the same time, since the direction and energy of the jet are easier to control than electric heating and blasting, the jet can better concentrate the impact load, achieve fixed-point ice breaking, and have higher ice breaking efficiency.

[0039] In this embodiment, specifically, the actuator cavity 13 is a cylindrical cavity, and the top of the cavity is connected to the opening 111 through a narrow tube 14 .

[0040] It should be noted that the main function of the narrow tube 14 is to provide a jet outlet. In order to enable the jet to obtain a higher velocity, the narrow tube 14 has a smaller inner diameter than the actuator cavity 13 .

[0041] In this embodiment, specifically, the actuator cavity 13 and the narrow tube 14 are an integrally formed structure, and the opening 111 is directly connected to the outside. In another embodiment, a movable baffle can be provided at the opening 111 to ensure the aerodynamic shape of the cross-medium aircraft during the flight and navigation phases.

[0042] The process of gas or liquid being electrically broken down in the exciter cavity 13 to generate the gas phase jet 2 or the liquid phase jet 3 is often accompanied by a shock wave. At this time, the shock wave will have a great impact on the exciter cavity 13 and the narrow tube 14. This requires that the connection between the exciter cavity 13 and the narrow tube 14 must have a high connection strength. Preferably, the exciter cavity 13 and the narrow tube 14 can be integrally formed. Of course, welding can also be used, but attention should be paid to the sealing of the welding.

[0043] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the opening 111 is 1 / 25-1 / 10 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the actuator cavity 13. It should be noted that the two ends of the narrow tube 14 are respectively connected to the opening 111 and the actuator cavity 13, and the inner diameter of the narrow tube 14 can be selected to be the same as the diameter of the opening 111.

[0044] In this embodiment, the narrow tube 14 is a circular tube of equal diameter. Of course, in another embodiment, when the cross sections of the opening 111 and the exciter cavity 13 are well designed, the narrow tube 14 gradually shrinks along the direction from the exciter cavity 13 to the opening 111. This can gradually gather the jet, which is beneficial to increase the jet velocity and further facilitate ice breaking.

[0045] In this embodiment, specifically, the cabin 11 has a streamlined outer contour and a threaded structure that can be threadedly connected with the cross-medium aircraft. The streamlined cabin 11 can reduce the movement resistance of the cross-medium aircraft and make it easier to drill out of or into the broken ice layer 4.

[0046] In this embodiment, specifically, a buffer material is filled between the inner wall of the cabin 11 and the exciter cavity 13. The purpose of filling with the buffer material is mainly to reduce the impact of the shock wave generated by the discharge electrode 12 during the discharge process on the cabin 11 and the cross-medium aircraft, making the flight process more stable.

[0047] In this embodiment, specifically, a plurality of physical strikers are arranged in a ring array on the cabin 11 along the circumferential edge of the opening 111. The purpose of this is to utilize the original kinetic energy of the cross-medium aircraft to insert the physical strikers into the ice layer 4 for attachment before the jet exciter 1 starts working, thereby improving the adhesion, so as to better exert the ice-breaking effect of the jet.

[0048] In this embodiment, specifically, the discharge electrode 12 is threadedly connected to the exciter cavity 13. It should be noted that the power of the high-voltage pulse power supply is adapted to the capacity of the exciter cavity 13.

[0049] When a cross-medium aircraft equipped with the multi-medium jet actuator described in the above embodiment breaks ice, the ice-breaking method includes:

[0050] When a cross-medium aircraft breaks through ice and enters the water, the steps are as follows:

[0051] S11: the cross-medium aircraft flies in the air, and the air above the ice layer 4 enters the exciter cavity 13 through the opening 111;

[0052] S12: At the moment when the cross-medium aircraft contacts the ice layer 4, the high-voltage pulse power supply is turned on, discharge occurs between the two discharge electrodes 12, the air contained in the exciter cavity 13 is electrically broken down, the opening 111 forms a gas phase jet 2, the gas phase jet 2 breaks the ice layer 4, and the cross-medium aircraft breaks through the ice and enters the water;

[0053] When the cross-medium aircraft breaks through the ice and emerges from the water, the steps are as follows:

[0054] S21: the cross-medium aircraft sails in the water, and the water under the ice layer 4 enters the actuator cavity 13 through the opening 111;

[0055] S22: At the moment when the cross-medium aircraft contacts the ice layer 4, the high-voltage pulse power supply is turned on, discharge occurs between the two discharge electrodes 12, the water contained in the exciter cavity 13 is electrically broken down, and the opening 111 forms a liquid jet 3, which breaks the ice layer 4, and the cross-medium aircraft breaks the ice and discharges water.

[0056] Further explanation of the cross-medium aircraft ice-breaking method using the multi-medium jet actuator described in the above embodiment is as follows:

[0057] When the trans-medium aircraft changes from the aerial flight stage to the underwater navigation stage, the interior of the exciter cavity 13 is now filled with air. At the moment of contact with the ice layer 4, the high-voltage pulse power switch is turned on, and gas phase discharge is performed between the discharge electrodes 12. At this time, the gas pressure and temperature inside the exciter cavity 13 rise rapidly, and a shock wave 5 and a gas phase jet 2 are generated at the opening 111. Under the combined effect of the high strain rate concentrated load of the shock wave 5 and the aerodynamic impact concentrated load of the gas phase jet 2, the ice layer 4 expands outward with the top opening 111 of the trans-medium aircraft as the center to form cracks and is destroyed (see for details). Figure 4 and Figure 5 (as shown in the experimental picture), thus completing the ice-breaking and water entry of the cross-medium aircraft.

[0058] When the cross-medium aircraft changes from the underwater navigation stage to the aerial flight stage, the interior of the exciter cavity 13 is liquid water. At the moment of contacting the ice layer 4, the high-voltage pulse power switch is turned on, and liquid phase discharge is performed between the discharge electrodes 12. At this time, inside the exciter cavity 13, due to the liquid-electric effect, a plasma channel is formed between the two electrodes. At the same time, shock waves, bubbles and liquid jets 3 are generated. Due to the incompressibility of water, the ice layer 4 is destroyed under the combined action of the shock wave and the liquid jets 3 driven by the high pressure inside the bubbles (see for details). Figure 6 and Figure 7 (as shown in the experimental picture), thus completing the ice breaking and water exit of the cross-medium aircraft.

[0059] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0060] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0061] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0062] It should be understood that the above description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is only for illustrating the technical route and features of the present invention, and its purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation methods. Any changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-medium jet actuator for a cross-medium aircraft to enter and exit an ice layer, characterized in that: The jet exciter (1) comprises a cabin (11) that can be installed on the top of the trans-medium aircraft, and a high-voltage pulse power supply (15), a discharge electrode (12) and an exciter cavity (13) located in the cabin (11); The top of the cabin (11) is provided with an opening (111), the opening (111) is connected to the exciter cavity (13), the high-voltage pulse power supply (15) is connected to the discharge electrode (12), one end of the discharge electrode (12) extends into the exciter cavity (13) and contacts the air or water contained in the exciter cavity (13); When the trans-medium aircraft is in a flight or navigation phase, air or water enters the interior of the actuator cavity (13) through the opening (111); At the moment when the cross-medium aircraft contacts the ice layer (4), the high-voltage pulse power supply (15) is turned on, and the air or water contained in the exciter cavity (13) undergoes electrical breakdown, forming a gas phase jet (2) or a liquid phase jet (3) at the opening (111), and the gas phase jet (2) or the liquid phase jet (3) is used to break the ice layer (4).

2. The multi-media jet actuator for a cross-media aircraft entering and exiting an ice layer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The exciter cavity (13) is a cylindrical cavity, the top of which is connected to the opening (111) via a narrow tube (14).

3. The multi-media jet actuator for a cross-media aircraft entering and exiting an ice layer as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The exciter cavity (13) and the narrow tube (14) are an integrally formed structure, and a movable cover plate structure is provided at the opening (111).

4. The multi-media jet actuator for a cross-media aircraft entering and exiting an ice layer as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the opening (111) is 1 / 25-1 / 10 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the actuator cavity (13).

5. The multi-media jet actuator for a cross-media aircraft entering and exiting an ice layer as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The narrow tube (14) tapers in a direction from the actuator cavity (13) to the opening (111).

6. The multi-media jet actuator for a cross-media aircraft entering and exiting an ice layer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cabin (11) has a streamlined outer contour and a thread structure capable of being threadedly connected to the trans-medium aircraft.

7. The multi-media jet actuator for a cross-media aircraft entering and exiting an ice layer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer material is filled between the inner wall of the cabin (11) and the exciter cavity (13).

8. The multi-media jet actuator for a cross-media aircraft entering and exiting an ice layer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Along the circumferential edge of the opening (111), a plurality of physical strikers are arranged in a ring-shaped array on the cabin (11).

9. The multi-media jet actuator for a cross-media aircraft entering and exiting an ice layer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The power of the high-voltage pulse power supply (15) is adapted to the capacity of the exciter cavity (13), and the discharge electrode (12) is threadedly connected to the exciter cavity (13).

10. A method for breaking ice on a cross-medium aircraft, characterized in that: The cross-medium aircraft is equipped with the multi-medium jet actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the ice-breaking method comprises: When the cross-medium aircraft breaks ice from the water and enters the water, the specific steps are as follows: S11: the cross-medium aircraft flies in the air, and the air above the ice layer (4) enters the exciter cavity (13) through the opening (111); S12: At the moment when the cross-medium aircraft contacts the ice layer (4), the high-voltage pulse power supply (15) is turned on, discharge occurs between the two discharge electrodes (12), the air contained in the exciter cavity (13) is electrically broken down, the opening (111) forms a shock wave (5) and the gas phase jet (2), the shock wave (5) and the gas phase jet (2) break the ice layer (4), and the cross-medium aircraft breaks through the ice and enters the water; When the cross-medium aircraft breaks through ice and emerges from underwater, the specific steps are as follows: S21: the cross-medium aircraft sails in the water, and the water under the ice layer (4) enters the actuator cavity (13) through the opening (111); S22: At the moment when the cross-medium aircraft contacts the ice layer (4), the high-voltage pulse power supply (15) is turned on, discharge occurs between the two discharge electrodes (12), the water contained in the exciter cavity (13) is electrically broken down, bubbles are generated inside the exciter cavity (13), the opening (111) forms the liquid phase jet (3), the liquid phase jet (3) breaks the ice layer (4), and the cross-medium aircraft achieves ice breaking and water discharge.

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