Method for preparing light-transmitting ceramic tiles of barium-aluminum-silicon system and light-transmitting ceramic tiles

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for preparing a translucent ceramic tile of a barium-aluminum-silicon system and a translucent ceramic tile. The method comprises: selecting a target raw material formula from a pre-established raw material formula table according to the specifications of the translucent ceramic tile to be prepared; and preparing the translucent ceramic tile according to the target raw material formula. The raw material formula table includes several raw material formulas, each of which includes kaolin, barium carbonate, potassium feldspar, low-temperature frit, barium feldspar, and / or quartz, and the weight percentage of kaolin in each raw material formula is different. During the calcination process, the kaolin in the present invention reacts with barium carbonate to form barium feldspar, which has a refractive index very close to that of calcium feldspar. At high temperatures, the barium feldspar reacts with potassium-sodium feldspar to form barium cryolite, which has a refractive index even closer to that of quartz. In this way, mullite is no longer present in the ceramic tile blank, thereby improving the light transmittance of the blank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramic production, and in particular to a method for preparing a light-transmitting ceramic tile of a barium-aluminum-silicon system and the light-transmitting ceramic tile. Background Art

[0002] Ceramics are fine, polycrystalline sintered bodies primarily composed of grains, grain boundaries, glass phases, pores, and impurities. Due to the reflection, refraction, and scattering of light, ceramics appear opaque. To make ceramics as transparent as glass, light must be allowed to pass through.

[0003] Kaolin, feldspar, and quartz are the primary raw materials for traditional ceramic bodies. Kaolin, upon high-temperature calcination, ultimately forms mullite, a material with a refractive index of 1.63 to 1.69. This differs by more than 0.1 from the refractive index of 1.5 formed by calcined potassium-sodium feldspar glass. The more mullite in the body, the greater its devitrification. In other words, the higher the kaolin content in the body formulation, the more mullite crystals will form after high-temperature calcination, and the greater the degree of devitrification. This is one of the fundamental causes of devitrification in traditional ceramic bodies. Consequently, existing transparent ceramics can only achieve low light transmittance.

[0004] Therefore, the existing technology has defects and needs to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a light-transmitting ceramic tile of a barium-aluminum-silicon system and a light-transmitting ceramic tile in response to the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, aiming to solve the problem that transparent ceramics in the prior art can only achieve a low light transmittance.

[0006] The technical solutions adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems are as follows:

[0007] The first embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a light-transmitting ceramic tile of a barium-aluminum-silicon system, wherein the method comprises:

[0008] Selecting a target raw material formula from a pre-built raw material formula table according to the specifications of the light-transmitting ceramic tile to be prepared;

[0009] preparing light-transmitting ceramic tiles according to the target raw material formula;

[0010] The raw material formula table includes several raw material formulas, and the raw materials in each raw material formula include: kaolin, barium carbonate, potassium feldspar, low-temperature frit, barium feldspar and / or quartz, and the weight percentage of kaolin in each raw material formula is different.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present application, the total weight percentage of potassium feldspar and low-temperature frit in each raw material formula is 25-35%.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, the chemical components of the low-temperature frit include, by weight percentage:

[0013] SiO2 70-72%, Al2O3 1-3%, Fe2O3 0-0.2%, TiO2 0-0.05%, CaO 5-10%, MgO 3-5%, K2O 0-1.5%, Na2O 8-16%, and the rest is loss on ignition;

[0014] Alternatively, the chemical components of the low-temperature frit include, by weight percentage:

[0015] SiO2 50-60%, Al2O3 2-3%, Fe2O3 0-0.2%, TiO2 0-0.05%, CaO 0-0.5%, MgO 0-0.5%, BaO 8-12%, K2O 0-5%, Na2O 8-16%, and the rest is loss on ignition;

[0016] Alternatively, the chemical components of the low-temperature frit include, by weight percentage:

[0017] SiO2 50~60%, Al2O3 2~3%, Fe2O3 0~0.2%, TiO2 0~0.05%, CaO 0~0.5%, MgO 0~0.5%, BaO 8~12%, K2O 0~5%, Na2O 8~16%, MoO3 0~2%, and the rest is loss on ignition.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, the preparation steps of the celsium feldspar include:

[0019] Kaolin, barium carbonate and potassium feldspar are prepared according to a predetermined raw material formula, and the sintering temperature is 1500-1550°C.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, the chemical components of the celsium feldspar include, by weight percentage:

[0021] SiO2 26~31%, Al2O3 20~21%, Fe2O3 0.15~0.25%, TiO2 0~0.05%, CaO0~0.2%, MgO 0~0.2%, BaO 30~35%, K2O 0~1.4%, Na2O 0~0.5%, and the rest is loss on ignition.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present application, the raw material formula in the raw material formula table includes, by weight percentage:

[0023] Kaolin 20%, barium carbonate 16-18%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, barium feldspar and / or quartz 27-39%;

[0024] Kaolin 25%, barium carbonate 20-22%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, celsium feldspar and / or quartz 18-30%;

[0025] Kaolin 30%, barium carbonate 23-25%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, celsium feldspar and / or quartz 10-22%;

[0026] Kaolin 35%, barium carbonate 27-29%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, barium feldspar and / or quartz 1-13%;

[0027] Kaolin 40%, barium carbonate 31-33%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, barium feldspar and / or quartz 0-4%;

[0028] Kaolin 45%, barium carbonate 35-37%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 18-20%.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present application, before selecting a target raw material formula from a pre-built raw material formula table according to the specifications of the light-transmitting ceramic tile to be prepared, the process further includes:

[0030] Establish the corresponding relationship between specifications and weight percentage of kaolin.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present application, a target raw material formula is selected from a pre-constructed raw material formula table according to the specifications of the light-transmitting ceramic tile to be prepared, including:

[0032] Finding the corresponding relationship according to the specifications of the light-transmitting ceramic tile to be prepared to obtain the weight percentage of the target kaolin;

[0033] Select the target raw material formula corresponding to the target kaolin weight percentage in the pre-constructed raw material formula table.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present application, a light-transmitting ceramic tile is prepared according to the target raw material formula, comprising:

[0035] Mix the raw materials according to the target raw material formula, add water and additives and perform wet ball milling;

[0036] The ball-milled raw materials are sieved to remove iron and spray-dried to obtain powder;

[0037] Pressing the powder into a green body, drying the green body, and spraying water on the surface of the dried green body;

[0038] Applying base glaze and top glaze to the green body after water spraying, and firing the glazed green body in a kiln at an ambient temperature of 1130℃~1200℃ to obtain translucent ceramic tiles;

[0039] Among them, the ring temperature is inversely proportional to the amount of low-temperature frit added.

[0040] The present application also provides a light-transmitting ceramic tile, wherein the light-transmitting ceramic tile is prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing light-transmitting ceramic tiles of the barium-aluminum-silicon system.

[0041] The present invention discloses a method for preparing a translucent ceramic tile of a barium-aluminum-silicon system and a translucent ceramic tile. The method for preparing a translucent ceramic tile of a barium-aluminum-silicon system comprises: selecting a target raw material formula from a pre-constructed raw material formula table according to the specifications of the translucent ceramic tile to be prepared; preparing the translucent ceramic tile according to the target raw material formula; wherein the raw material formula table includes several raw material formulas, and the raw materials in each raw material formula include: kaolin, barium carbonate, potassium feldspar, low-temperature frit, barium feldspar and / or quartz, and the weight percentage of kaolin in each raw material formula is different. During the calcination process, the kaolin in the present invention forms barium feldspar with barium carbonate, whose refractive index is extremely close to that of calcium feldspar, and the barium feldspar can form barium cryolite with potassium-sodium feldspar at high temperature, which has a refractive index even closer to that of quartz. In this way, mullite is no longer present in the ceramic tile blank, thereby improving the light transmittance of the blank. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method for preparing a light-transmitting ceramic tile of a barium-aluminum-silicon system in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a laser particle size analysis diagram of the blank fineness of a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing a light-transmitting ceramic tile of a barium-aluminum-silicon system in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a light transmission effect diagram of the light-transmitting ceramic tile prepared by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and distinct, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] The light transmittance of ceramics is mainly affected by the following factors:

[0047] 1. Porosity. Pores and cavities within the grains and within the glassy phase at grain boundaries constitute a secondary phase: the gas phase. The gas phase has a very low refractive index of approximately 1. This often differs significantly from the primary crystalline phase in the ceramic, and the gas phase is extremely numerous. Therefore, the presence of pores significantly reduces the material's transparency. When pores account for 3% of the volume, the transmittance is 0.01%; when pores account for 0.3%, the transmittance is 10%. Therefore, transparent ceramics must increase density and reduce porosity, typically achieving a density greater than 99.9%.

[0048] 2. Impurity phases. Because the refractive index of the impurity phase differs from that of the primary crystalline phase, light scattering occurs at the phase boundary, reducing the transmittance of the ceramic. The light transmittance of a ceramic depends largely on the difference in refractive indices between its constituent phases. The greater the difference and the greater the number of impurity phases in the ceramic, the lower the light transmittance. Therefore, transparent ceramics are generally made from high-purity raw materials to ensure the purity of their phases.

[0049] 3. Crystal structure characteristics. The grain orientation of polycrystalline ceramic materials is chaotic. Non-cubic crystals can only improve the light transmittance of ceramics when the grains are aligned. Disordered and chaotic grain arrangement will lead to reduced transparency. Cubic crystals have no anisotropy and the difference in refractive index along the optical axis is zero, which may result in higher light transmittance.

[0050] 4. Grain size. When the grain size is comparable to the wavelength of the incident light, light scatters most. Therefore, to improve the transmittance of ceramics, the material's grain size should be outside the wavelength range of the visible spectrum (0.4 to 0.8 microns). It should be either smaller than the wavelength of the light, meaning the grain size is less than 0.4 microns; or larger than the wavelength of the light, meaning the grain size is greater than 0.8 microns.

[0051] 5. Grain boundaries. The grain boundaries of transparent ceramics are clean, clear, and very narrow. If there is a certain difference in refractive index between the grain boundary and the grain, it will affect the transmittance. Transparent ceramics require clean grain boundaries without segregation of secondary phases.

[0052] 6. Surface roughness: The transmittance of transparent ceramics is restricted by surface roughness. The greater the surface roughness of sintered ceramics, the lower their light transmittance.

[0053] Kaolin, feldspar, and quartz are the primary raw materials for traditional ceramic bodies. Kaolin, upon high-temperature calcination, ultimately forms mullite, a material with a refractive index of 1.63 to 1.69. This difference, significantly greater than 0.1, compares favorably to the 1.5 refractive index of the glass formed by calcined potassium-sodium feldspar. The more mullite in the body, the greater its devitrification. In other words, the higher the kaolin content in the body formulation, the more mullite crystals will form after high-temperature calcination, and the greater the devitrification. This is one of the fundamental causes of devitrification in traditional ceramic bodies.

[0054] Potassium-sodium feldspar is calcined at high temperature to form glass with a refractive index of 1.5, which is only 0.05 different from the refractive index of quartz 1.55. Therefore, by increasing the quartz content in the body, the transparency of the porcelain body will be greatly improved.

[0055] The second fundamental reason for the devitrification of traditional ceramic bodies is porosity. Low porosity is the key factor in increasing transparency.

[0056] Traditional methods for achieving light transmission in ceramic bodies include: 1. High-whiteness potassium-based bodies; 2. Highly translucent quartz ceramic bodies; 3. Bone ash porcelain, which incorporates calcium phosphate and bone ash; and 4. Incorporating CaO to create anorthite crystals with a refractive index difference of less than 0.1 with quartz. Table 1 shows a representative list of translucent ceramic body formulations currently used in the ceramic tile industry.

[0057] Table 1

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] Because translucent ceramic tiles have a low light transmittance, the architectural ceramic tile industry refers to these tiles as variously referred to as translucent rock slabs, translucent ceramic tiles, translucent jade tiles, and jade polished tiles. Currently, the majority of translucent ceramic tile blanks available in the ceramic tile industry are based on calcium-based materials. While some are suitable for production, others suffer from inherent flaws in their formulations, making them difficult to commercialize.

[0061] In the past, calcium-based green bodies were only used in ceramic wall tiles and rarely in porcelain green bodies. This is because CaO increases the high-temperature viscosity of the glass phase at low temperatures, while significantly reducing it at high temperatures. These "fast-melting" and "short-lived" properties of CaO have limited its application in porcelain tile green bodies.

[0062] In porcelain bodies with high CaO content, the viscosity of the CaO-containing glass phase tends to be low, causing deformation and even serious defects such as foaming. This CaO-containing glass phase also causes the firing range of CaO-containing products to be narrower than that of traditional bodies. This is the main reason why calcite, including calcium oxide-containing silicates (wollastonite and diopside), has a negative impact on ceramic bodies.

[0063] To improve light transmittance, translucent blanks must maintain extremely low porosity, creating porcelain-like blanks. However, CaO in porcelain blanks can easily cause deformation and even foaming. Consequently, calcium-based translucent blanks have a narrow firing temperature range and are difficult to produce, a result of inherent flaws in their formulation design.

[0064] The embodiments of the present application can broaden the firing temperature range of translucent ceramic green bodies, solve the deformation and blistering of ceramic tiles; can meet the needs of various specifications of ceramic tiles, that is, according to the requirements of different specifications of products for the green body strength, the amount of kaolin added can be adjusted at will, and the transmittance is not affected; can meet different firing temperatures, that is, firing high-temperature and low-temperature frits, and adjusting the ratio of potassium feldspar to low-temperature frit according to the firing temperature, and the transmittance of the green body is not affected.

[0065] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the preparation method of the light-transmitting ceramic tile of the barium-aluminum-silicon system in the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method for preparing the light-transmitting ceramic tile of the barium-aluminum-silicon system according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0066] Step S100: selecting a target raw material formula from a pre-built raw material formula table according to the specifications of the light-transmitting ceramic tile to be prepared;

[0067] Step S200: Prepare translucent ceramic tiles according to the target raw material formula; wherein the raw material formula table includes several raw material formulas, and the raw materials in each raw material formula include: kaolin, barium carbonate, potassium feldspar, low-temperature frit, barium feldspar and / or quartz, and the weight percentage of kaolin in each raw material formula is different.

[0068] The formula of the light-transmitting ceramic tile in the embodiment of the present application includes three parts. The first part is the celsium feldspar raw material synthesis part, including kaolin and barium carbonate.

[0069] Specifically, insufficient green strength in ceramic bodies can lead to defects such as cracks and breakage during production, resulting in lower quality yields and higher costs. Larger products require higher green strength, while smaller products require lower green strength. Depending on the product, the green strength requirement ranges from 2 to 6 MPa, and the kaolin content in the body formulation can range from 20 to 42 wt%.

[0070] In ceramic green bodies, SrO has a wide melting range and is not fast-melting. After calcination, kaolin easily forms mullite with a higher refractive index, causing the green body to lose transparency. Kaolin is an indispensable and widely used raw material in green bodies, especially in rock slab products. If kaolin forms barium feldspar with barium carbonate during the calcination process, and barium feldspar forms barium cryolite with a refractive index very close to that of calcium feldspar, and barium feldspar forms barium cryolite with a refractive index even closer to that of quartz at high temperatures, then mullite will no longer exist in the ceramic tile green body, thereby improving the light transmittance of the green body.

[0071] According to the equation of the reaction between kaolin and barium carbonate at high temperature:

[0072] BaCO3+Al2O3·2SiO2·2H2O-900℃ and above→BaO·Al2O3·2SiO2+CO2↑+

[0073] H2O;

[0074] As shown in Table 2, the mass ratio of kaolin to barium carbonate has the following rules:

[0075] Table 2

[0076]

[0077] The above formula contains 20-30% kaolin, which is suitable for producing small-sized products such as those below 800*800mm, while about 40% is suitable for the formulation of rock slabs.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present application, the total weight percentage of potassium feldspar and low-temperature frit in each raw material formula is 25-35%.

[0079] The second component of the translucent ceramic tile formulation in the present embodiment is the green body sintering material. Specifically, the green body sintering process primarily utilizes liquid-phase sintering, supplemented by solid-phase sintering. During the sintering process, the solid phase, liquid phase, and pores coexist. During sintering, the low-temperature liquid phase fills the pores, consolidating the ceramic into a dense green body.

[0080] The liquid phase's strengthening effect on sintering depends not only on the solubility between the liquid and solid phases, the ability of the liquid phase to segregate at the sintering neck, and the high diffusivity of the solid phase in the liquid phase, but also on the ability of the liquid phase to wet the surface of the solid phase particles. Good wettability facilitates the movement of the liquid phase within the pores, filling the pores in the green body.

[0081] Sintering materials that meet the above requirements include potassium feldspar and low-temperature frit. Low-temperature frit has low surface tension and excellent solid-phase wettability, making it easier to fill pores in the green body and densify it. Maintaining the combined amount of potassium feldspar and low-temperature frit constant, increasing the amount of low-temperature frit can lower the firing temperature. Reducing the amount of low-temperature frit can increase the firing temperature. By combining these two, the green body sintering temperature can be adjusted within a certain range.

[0082] According to sintering theory and experiments, the total amount of potassium feldspar and low-temperature frit is 25-35wt%.

[0083] The embodiment of the present application can meet different firing temperatures, firing high-temperature and low-temperature frits, and adjusting the ratio of potassium feldspar to low-temperature frit according to the firing temperature, without affecting the transmittance of the green body.

[0084] In one embodiment of the present application, the chemical components of the low-temperature frit include, by weight percentage:

[0085] SiO2 70-72%, Al2O3 1-3%, Fe2O3 0-0.2%, TiO2 0-0.05%, CaO 5-10%, MgO 3-5%, K2O 0-1.5%, Na2O 8-16%, and the rest is loss on ignition;

[0086] Alternatively, the chemical components of the low-temperature frit include, by weight percentage:

[0087] SiO2 50-60%, Al2O3 2-3%, Fe2O3 0-0.2%, TiO2 0-0.05%, CaO 0-0.5%, MgO 0-0.5%, BaO 8-12%, K2O 0-5%, Na2O 8-16%, and the rest is loss on ignition;

[0088] Alternatively, the chemical components of the low-temperature frit include, by weight percentage:

[0089] SiO2 50~60%, Al2O3 2~3%, Fe2O3 0~0.2%, TiO2 0~0.05%, CaO 0~0.5%, MgO 0~0.5%, BaO 8~12%, K2O 0~5%, Na2O 8~16%, MoO3 0~2%, and the rest is loss on ignition.

[0090] Specifically, the use of low-temperature frit has the following schemes:

[0091] Option 1: Use soda-lime-silica glass powder B01. The chemical components of soda-lime-silica glass powder B01, calculated by weight percentage, include:

[0092] SiO2 70~72%, Al2O3 1~3%, Fe2O3 0~0.2%, TiO2 0~0.05%, CaO 5~10%, MgO 3~5%, K2O 0~1.5%, Na2O 8~16%, and the rest is loss on ignition.

[0093] Option 2: Use low-temperature frit K11. The chemical components of low-temperature frit K11, calculated by weight percentage, include:

[0094] SiO2 50~60%, Al2O3 2~3%, Fe2O3 0~0.2%, TiO2 0~0.05%, CaO 0~0.5%, MgO 0~0.5%, BaO 8~12%, K2O 0~5%, Na2O 8~16%, and the rest is loss on ignition.

[0095] Option 3: Use low-temperature frit K11B fired with barium molybdate. The chemical components of low-temperature frit K11B, calculated by weight percentage, include:

[0096] SiO2 50~60%, Al2O3 2~3%, Fe2O3 0~0.2%, TiO2 0~0.05%, CaO 0~0.5%, MgO 0~0.5%, BaO 8~12%, K2O 0~5%, Na2O 8~16%, MoO3 0~2%, and the rest is loss on ignition.

[0097] The common characteristics of low-temperature frits are low aluminum content and high sodium content. Barium molybdate is even added to the frit to make its surface tension low at high temperature and its wettability good, which makes it easier to promote the liquid phase sintering of translucent ceramic tiles. It can be melted into the chemical composition of glass and can greatly reduce the surface tension. Among the four metal oxides of vanadium, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten, only molybdenum trioxide does not show color, and barium molybdate is insoluble in water. When melted into the frit, it can reduce the surface tension of the frit, making it the only choice for the sintering material in the formula of translucent ceramic tiles.

[0098] Of the above low-temperature frits, those fired with barium molybdate are preferred, followed by K11, and finally, soda-lime-silica glass frit B01. This is because the glass frit commonly used in the ceramic tile industry is recycled glass. While inexpensive, its chemical composition can vary significantly from batch to batch. Therefore, while acceptable for experimental use, it's better to use custom frits from glaze companies for mass production of translucent ceramic tiles.

[0099] In the embodiment of the present application, the preparation step of the barium feldspar includes: preparing kaolin, barium carbonate and potassium feldspar according to a predetermined raw material formula, and the calcination temperature is 1500°C to 1550°C.

[0100] The third part of the translucent ceramic tile formula of the embodiment of the present application is the high-temperature filler part. In the formula with low kaolin usage, the total amount of kaolin and barium carbonate is only 36-55%, while the green body sintering material is 25-35%, and the two together are only 61-90%. The total amount of barium feldspar (or barium cryolite) or quartz is supplemented to 100%, and potassium-sodium feldspar cannot be used because potassium-sodium feldspar is easily sintered into a glass phase at high temperatures. Combined with the glass phase in the green body sintering material, there is too much glass phase in the formula, and there are low-temperature frits in the green body sintering material, which easily leads to defects such as bulging and black heart in the green body at high temperatures. However, this problem will not occur if barium feldspar or quartz, which can only be melted at higher temperatures, is used. Furthermore, barium feldspar (or barium cryolite) can form a limited isomorphism with potassium-sodium feldspar at high temperatures, reducing the refractive index and helping light transmission. The refractive index of quartz is also close to that of the glass phase in the green body, and the loss of light transmittance is not large.

[0101] Specifically, the formula of the barium feldspar (or barium adularia) frit is: 50 parts of kaolin, 40 parts of barium carbonate, and 0-10 parts of potassium feldspar. The frit is fired at a temperature of 1500°C to 1550°C.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present application, the chemical components of the celsium feldspar include, by weight percentage:

[0103] SiO2 26~31%, Al2O3 20~21%, Fe2O3 0.15~0.25%, TiO2 0~0.05%, CaO0~0.2%, MgO 0~0.2%, BaO 30~35%, K2O 0~1.4%, Na2O 0~0.5%, and the rest is loss on ignition.

[0104] In the examples of the present application, the raw material formulas in the raw material formula table are calculated by weight percentage and include:

[0105] Kaolin 20%, barium carbonate 16-18%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, barium feldspar and / or quartz 27-39%;

[0106] Kaolin 25%, barium carbonate 20-22%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, celsium feldspar and / or quartz 18-30%;

[0107] Kaolin 30%, barium carbonate 23-25%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, celsium feldspar and / or quartz 10-22%;

[0108] Kaolin 35%, barium carbonate 27-29%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, barium feldspar and / or quartz 1-13%;

[0109] Kaolin 40%, barium carbonate 31-33%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, barium feldspar and / or quartz 0-4%;

[0110] Kaolin 45%, barium carbonate 35-37%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 18-20%.

[0111] The raw material formula is shown in Table 3:

[0112] Table 3

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] In the above formula, even for large-scale slabs, a 40-42wt% kaolin content, supplemented with body reinforcements, provides sufficient green strength. Therefore, a 45wt% kaolin composition is rarely used. Lowering the Al2O3 content in the kaolin will slightly improve transparency.

[0116] The formula, especially the reduced Fe2O3 and TiO2 content in kaolin, has little impact on transparency. However, the color of the body will shift to a yellowish-green (iron oxide coloring). A kaolin Fe2O3 content below 0.4% barely meets the requirement, while below 0.2% is considered top-quality. Fe2O3 content in potassium feldspar, quartz, and frit must be below 0.1%. TiO2 is minimal. The kaolin, potassium feldspar, and quartz in the formula are all naturally occurring minerals, while barium carbonate is industrially pure and is not listed as an ingredient.

[0117] In the embodiment of the present application, before step S100, the process further includes: establishing a corresponding relationship between specifications and the weight percentage of kaolin.

[0118] Insufficient green strength in ceramic bodies can lead to defects such as cracks and breakage during production, resulting in lower quality yields and higher costs. Larger product sizes require higher green strength, while smaller sizes require lower green strength. Depending on the product, green strength requirements range from 2 to 6 MPa, and the kaolin content in the body formulation can range from 20 to 42 wt%. Therefore, there is a certain correlation between product size and the weight percentage of kaolin.

[0119] The embodiments of the present application can meet the needs of ceramic tiles of various specifications, thereby increasing the scope of application.

[0120] In the embodiment of the present application, step S100 specifically includes:

[0121] Step S110: searching the corresponding relationship according to the specifications of the light-transmitting ceramic tile to be prepared to obtain the weight percentage of the target kaolin;

[0122] Step S120: Select a target raw material formula corresponding to the target kaolin weight percentage in a pre-constructed raw material formula table.

[0123] The embodiment of the present application can adjust the amount of kaolin added according to the green body strength requirements of products of different specifications, without affecting the transmittance.

[0124] In the embodiment of the present application, step S200 specifically includes:

[0125] Step S210: Mix the raw materials according to the target raw material formula, add water and additives, and perform wet ball milling;

[0126] Step S220, sieving the ball-milled raw material to remove iron, and spray drying to obtain a powder;

[0127] Step S230: pressing the powder into a green body, drying the green body, and spraying water on the surface of the dried green body;

[0128] Step S240: applying a base glaze and a top glaze to the green body after water spraying, and firing the glazed green body in a kiln at an ambient temperature of 1130° C. to 1200° C. to obtain a translucent ceramic tile;

[0129] Among them, the ring temperature is inversely proportional to the amount of low-temperature frit added.

[0130] Specifically, the raw materials of each part of the green body are mixed together, and water and additives are added to perform wet ball milling; during ball milling, the fineness is finer, the transparency is better, and the firing range is wider. The laser particle size analysis of the green body fineness in the present invention is as follows Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the ball-milled raw materials are screened to remove iron and spray-dried to obtain a powder. The uniformly mixed powder is then fed into a press to form green bodies. After drying, a water slurry is sprayed on the surface of the green bodies. After spraying, the green bodies are coated with a base glaze and a top glaze. The green bodies are fired in a roller hearth kiln, suitable for ceramic tile firing furnaces with an ambient temperature of 1130°C to 1200°C. Adjustment is achieved by adjusting the ratio of potassium feldspar to low-temperature frit in the green body sintering material. Increasing the ambient temperature increases the frit ratio, while decreasing the ambient temperature increases the frit ratio. In other words, maintaining the total amount of potassium feldspar and low-temperature frit constant and increasing the low-temperature frit lowers the firing temperature, while decreasing the low-temperature frit raises the firing temperature. This combination of factors allows the green body sintering temperature to be adjusted within a certain range without affecting the green body's light transmittance.

[0131] In one specific embodiment, raw materials are mixed in the following proportions: 35wt% kaolin, 28wt% barium carbonate, 10wt% quartz, 14wt% potassium feldspar, and 13wt% glass powder. 0.2% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.8% sodium tripolyphosphate are added, and the raw materials are wet-ball milled to a particle size D50 ≤ 3μm. The milled slurry is sieved to remove iron and spray-dried to obtain a powder. The powder is pressed into shape in a press, and the resulting dry blank is dried in a 150°C kiln before inkjet printing. The printed blank is then passed through a glaze line, where a base glaze and a top glaze are applied. The blank is then fired in a kiln at an ambient temperature of 1145°C for a 42-minute firing cycle. The resulting light transmittance is shown in the figure below. The product exhibits a water absorption rate of less than 0.1% after firing, meeting the requirements of Appendix G of GBT 4100-2015 for ceramic tiles.

[0132] The embodiment of the present application broadens the firing range of the translucent ceramic tile body and reduces the possibility of deformation of the tile under high temperature; high temperature over-firing does not cause bulging or foaming, and has good light transmittance, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0133] An embodiment of the present application also provides a light-transmitting ceramic tile, which is prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing light-transmitting ceramic tiles of the barium-aluminum-silicon system.

[0134] The present invention provides a method for preparing a translucent ceramic tile of a barium-aluminum-silicon system and a translucent ceramic tile. The method comprises: selecting a target raw material formula from a pre-established raw material formula table according to the specifications of the translucent ceramic tile to be prepared; and preparing the translucent ceramic tile according to the target raw material formula. The raw material formula table includes several raw material formulas, each of which includes kaolin, barium carbonate, potassium feldspar, low-temperature frit, barium feldspar, and / or quartz, and the weight percentage of kaolin in each raw material formula is different. During the calcination process, the kaolin in the present invention reacts with barium carbonate to form barium feldspar, which has a refractive index very close to that of calcium feldspar. At high temperatures, the barium feldspar reacts with potassium-sodium feldspar to form barium cryolite, which has a refractive index even closer to that of quartz. In this way, mullite is no longer present in the ceramic tile blank, thereby improving the light transmittance of the blank.

[0135] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For those skilled in the art, improvements or changes can be made based on the above description. All these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a light-transmitting ceramic tile of a barium-aluminum-silicon system, characterized in that: The method comprises: Mix the raw materials according to the target raw material formula, add water and additives and perform wet ball milling; The ball-milled raw materials are sieved to remove iron and spray-dried to obtain powder; Pressing the powder into a green body, drying the green body, and spraying water on the surface of the dried green body; Applying base glaze and top glaze to the green body after water spraying, and firing the glazed green body in a kiln at an ambient temperature of 1130℃~1200℃ to obtain translucent ceramic tiles; The target raw material formula is composed of the following raw materials by weight percentage: Kaolin 20%, barium carbonate 16-18%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, barium feldspar and / or quartz 27-39%; or Kaolin 25%, barium carbonate 20-22%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, celsium feldspar and / or quartz 18-30%; or Kaolin 30%, barium carbonate 23-25%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, celsium feldspar and / or quartz 10-22%; or Kaolin 35%, barium carbonate 27-29%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 25-35%, celsium feldspar and / or quartz 1-13%; or Kaolin 45%, barium carbonate 35-37%, potassium feldspar + low-temperature frit 18-20%; Among them, the ring temperature is inversely proportional to the amount of low-temperature frit added; The preparation steps of the celsium feldspar include: Kaolin, barium carbonate and potassium feldspar are prepared according to a predetermined raw material formula, and the calcination temperature is 1500℃~1550℃; The chemical components of the celsium feldspar include, by weight percentage: SiO2 26~31%, Al2O3 20~21%, Fe2O3 0.15~0.25%, TiO2 0~0.05%, CaO 0~0.2%, MgO 0~0.2%, BaO 30~35%, K2O 0~1.4%, Na2O 0~0.5%, and the rest is loss on ignition; The chemical components of the low-temperature frit include, by weight percentage: SiO270~72%, Al2O31~3%, Fe2O30~0.2%, TiO20~0.05%, CaO 5~10%, MgO 3~5%, K2O 0~1.5%, Na2O 8~16%, and the rest is loss on ignition; Alternatively, the chemical components of the low-temperature frit include, by weight percentage: SiO250~60%, Al2O32~3%, Fe2O30~0.2%, TiO20~0.05%, CaO 0~0.5%, MgO 0~0.5%, BaO 8~12%, K2O 0~5%, Na2O 8~16%, MoO30~2%, and the rest is loss on ignition.

2. A light-transmitting ceramic tile, characterized in that: The light-transmitting ceramic tile is prepared by the method for preparing light-transmitting ceramic tiles of the barium-aluminum-silicon system as described in claim 1.

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