Organic fertilizer fermented from sheep waste using composite bacteria

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of biology, and in particular to an organic fertilizer fermented from sheep waste using composite bacteria. The organic fertilizer is obtained by fermenting the composite bacteria, and the composite bacteria comprises any one of Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum. The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the organic fertilizer fermentation of the present invention uses four kinds of microorganisms for simultaneous fermentation, and the fermentation is more complete, and the free amino acid content is higher; (2) the organic fertilizer of the present invention comprises four kinds of probiotics, which can significantly inhibit pests and diseases, and the actual planting of tomatoes and cabbages also proves this; (3) the present invention solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by sheep slaughter waste and its disposal, and can provide a high-quality organic fertilizer source for agricultural production, thereby realizing the comprehensive utilization of waste resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the biological field, and in particular to an organic fertilizer fermented from sheep waste using composite bacteria. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of my country's economy, people's consumption level continues to improve, consumption concepts continue to upgrade, and the demand for mutton gradually increases. In 2021, my country's mutton production was 5.14 million tons and demand was 5.5487 million tons. In recent years, my country's sheep farming has shifted from extensive to intensive, and the scale of farming has continued to increase. In 2021, my country's sheep output was 330 million heads and the number of sheep on hand was 320 million heads, which also means a large amount of slaughtering waste is generated. The waste after slaughtering live sheep in the slaughterhouse is mainly the contents of the sheep's rumen, as well as a small amount of blood, feces, fur and some mutton scraps. These substances contain small amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and a large amount of organic matter, which are essential nutrients for crops. However, there are many pathogens of zoonotic infectious diseases and parasitic diseases in this waste.

[0003] Current disposal methods primarily involve dumping waste within the factory or transporting it to landfills, severely polluting both the internal and surrounding environments. Slaughterhouses have become near-polluting plants. Therefore, developing new technologies for harmless waste treatment and resource utilization to prevent and eliminate pollution from slaughterhouse waste is crucial for protecting the ecological environment and promoting sustainable agricultural development.

[0004] Composting is a fundamental approach to harmlessly disposing of organic solid waste and repurposing it as a resource. Therefore, research on composting organic solid waste has long been a hot topic in environmental science. Currently, much research has focused on composting organic solid wastes such as livestock and poultry manure, straw, and sludge. However, little research has been conducted on composting slaughterhouse waste.

[0005] For example, the prior art CN 110078576 B discloses a method for producing improved solid and liquid bio-organic fertilizers for saline-alkali land from slaughterhouse and breeding wastewater and dead livestock straw, biogas residue and liquid biogas. The wastewater and dead livestock from slaughterhouses and breeding farms are sterilized and disinfected, then mixed with whey powder, brown sugar and cornmeal. Keratinase, papain, alkaline protease and lipase are then added for enzymatic hydrolysis. Lactobacillus and yeast are inoculated for fermentation, and then Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus gelatinus are inoculated for fermentation. After fermentation is complete, the supernatant obtained by filtration is the liquid bio-organic fertilizer. The sediment is compounded with crushed straw, feces or biogas residue, and then composted and fermented, and then compounded with straw carbon powder to produce solid bio-organic fertilizer.

[0006] Prior art CN 117567214A discloses a composite organic fertilizer for soil improvement and remediation and its preparation method. The composite organic fertilizer comprises a composition of poultry and livestock manure; plant straw powder; traditional Chinese medicine waste residue; and a fermented composite bacterial solution. The active extract of the traditional Chinese medicine is pre-acted on the seed liquid of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, and Streptomyces tenuiflavum. The active extract of the traditional Chinese medicine has the effect of stimulating Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, and Streptomyces tenuiflavum, significantly improving the fermentation efficiency of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, and Streptomyces tenuiflavum. It can also significantly reduce the antibiotic content in the organic fertilizer after fermentation, thereby reducing secondary pollution to the environment caused by poultry and livestock manure.

[0007] Prior art CN 104261913 B discloses a process for producing pig manure bio-organic fertilizer using microbial fermentation. The product is made using pig manure as raw material, supplemented with straw, earthworm castings, and seaweed, through a two-step fermentation process using a bio-fermentation agent. The product combines the benefits of both bio-organic fertilizer and seaweed fertilizer, and is rich in seaweed functional active ingredients and a large number of probiotics.

[0008] Prior art CN 116120113 B discloses a method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer using livestock and poultry breeding waste, which comprises the following steps: dissolving Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium butyricum and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in water, adding agar for culture to obtain a mixed bacterial solution, adding attapulgite powder to the mixed bacterial solution and freeze-drying the solution to obtain a composite bacterial agent A; stirring and mixing livestock and poultry manure and livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, then adding the composite bacterial agent A and fermenting the mixture to obtain slurry A; adding a flocculant to the slurry A for reaction and filtration to obtain slurry B; mixing sweet potato stems and leaves, sugarcane bagasse, soybean meal and citronella, grinding the mixture, mixing with water, adding the composite bacterial agent B and fermenting to obtain slurry C; the composite bacterial agent B comprises cellulase, hemicellulase and yeast; and mixing slurry B and slurry C and continuing to ferment to obtain liquid organic fertilizer.

[0009] Due to the differences in livestock species and their feed formulations, the waste left after slaughter varies from livestock to livestock, resulting in different physical and chemical properties and other characteristics during high-temperature fermentation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method suitable for the fermentation of sheep waste with complex bacteria, and to produce the corresponding organic fertilizer. This method can solve the environmental pollution problem of sheep slaughter waste and its disposal, provide a high-quality organic fertilizer source for agricultural production, and realize the comprehensive resource utilization of waste. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention first provides a sheep waste composite bacteria fermented organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer is obtained by composite bacteria fermentation, and the composite bacteria contains any one of Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum.

[0011] Preferably, the composite bacteria comprises any two of Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum.

[0012] Preferably, the composite bacteria comprises any three of Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum.

[0013] Preferably, the composite bacteria consists of Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Clostridium butyricum.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing organic fertilizer fermented from sheep waste by composite bacteria, comprising the following steps:

[0015] (1) Compound bacteria propagation; (2) Compound bacteria fermentation.

[0016] Preferably, the composite bacteria fermentation is natural compost.

[0017] Preferably, the natural compost is turned over once every 2 days.

[0018] Finally, the present invention provides an application of the sheep waste composite bacteria fermented organic fertilizer, which is used for crop planting.

[0019] Preferably, the crops include vegetables or forage.

[0020] Preferably, the vegetables include tomatoes and cabbage.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The organic fertilizer fermentation of the present invention uses four kinds of microorganisms to ferment simultaneously, and its fermentation is more complete and the free amino acid content is higher;

[0023] (2) The organic fertilizer of the present invention contains four kinds of probiotics, which can significantly inhibit pests and diseases, and the actual planting of tomatoes and cabbages also proves this;

[0024] (3) The present invention solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by sheep slaughtering waste and its disposal, and can provide a high-quality organic fertilizer source for agricultural production, thereby realizing the comprehensive utilization of waste resources. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, specific embodiments are described in detail below.

[0026] Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum were purchased from the China Agricultural Culture Collection Center (ACCC).

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Sheep waste was provided by Inner Mongolia Green Grass Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and its basic characteristics are shown in Table 1.

[0029] Table 1 Basic characteristics of sheep waste

[0030]

[0031] Example 2 Preparation of organic fertilizer.

[0032] The preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0033] (1) Propagation of composite bacteria: Weigh 10 kg of bran (high-temperature sterilized), 0.8 kg of brown sugar, 200 g of composite bacteria, and 1.5 L of warm water, mix well, and divide into bags for cultivating bacteria. Place in an incubator and culture at 30°C for 80 h to obtain the expanded composite bacteria. Then weigh 6 kg of composite bacteria and 10 kg of bran, mix well, and then mix with 500 kg of sheep waste and pile for fermentation.

[0034] The composite bacteria include Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Clostridium butyricum in a ratio of 1:1:1:1.

[0035] (2) Composting: The mixed mixture was composted and fermented naturally for 16 days, stirring regularly. The pile was turned every 2 days. Fermentation was considered complete when the temperature of the pile dropped from high to low and did not change below 40°C.

[0036] The comparative example was set according to Table 2, except that the types of composite bacteria were different, the ratios were the same, and the other conditions were the same as those in Example 2;

[0037] Table 2 Differences between Comparative Example and Example 2 (- indicates none)

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] Blank control: 500 kg of sheep waste and 10 kg of bran were thoroughly mixed without the addition of the composite bacteria. The compost was allowed to ferment naturally for 16 days with regular stirring. The compost was turned every two days. Fermentation was considered complete when the temperature dropped from high to low and remained below 40°C.

[0041] Example 3: Determination of organic fertilizer index

[0042] The fertilizer indexes of the organic base fertilizer prepared above were tested, and the results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0043] Table 3 Organic fertilizer indicators

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] The results are shown in Table 3: the organic fertilizer of Example 2 has the lowest organic matter content and the highest free amino acid content, indicating that the fermentation is more complete and the effect is most significant (p<0.05).

[0047] Experimental Example 4: Tomato Planting Test:

[0048] 17 mu of farmland was selected for field experiments and divided into 17 groups, each group with one mu. Tomatoes were planted using the organic fertilizers prepared according to the methods described in Example 2, Comparative Examples 1-15, and the control group. The relative yield increase rate and relative incidence rate of diseases and insect pests of tomatoes were calculated based on the control group at the same application rate. The specific results are shown in Table 4.

[0049] Table 4 Tomato planting results

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] The results are shown in Table 4: The organic fertilizer of Example 2 has the best tomato planting yield increase rate and the lowest incidence of pests and diseases, and the effect is most significant (p<0.05), indicating that the combined fermentation of the four bacteria is more complete, the free amino acid content is higher, and it contains a variety of microorganisms, which inhibits some pathogenic microorganisms or insect eggs, resulting in a lower incidence of pests and diseases.

[0053] Example 5: Cabbage Planting Test

[0054] 17 mu of farmland was selected for field experiments and divided into 17 groups, each group of one mu. Tomatoes were planted using the organic fertilizer prepared according to the method described in Example 2, Comparative Examples 1-15, and the control group. The relative yield increase rate of cabbage was calculated based on the control group at the same application rate (50 kg / mu / month). The specific results are shown in Table 4.

[0055] Table 5 Cabbage planting results

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] The results are shown in Table 5: The organic fertilizer of Example 2 has the best cabbage planting yield increase rate and the lowest incidence of pests and diseases, and the effect is most significant (p<0.05), indicating that the combined fermentation of the four bacteria is more sufficient, the free amino acid content is higher, and it contains a variety of microorganisms, which inhibits some pathogenic microorganisms or insect eggs, resulting in a lower incidence of pests and diseases.

[0059] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An application of sheep waste composite bacteria fermentation organic fertilizer, characterized in that, The application is to increase crop yields while reducing pests and diseases; The crops are tomatoes and cabbages; The method for preparing the sheep waste composite bacteria fermentation organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) Expanding and propagating the composite bacteria: Weigh 10 kg of bran, 0.8 kg of brown sugar, 200 g of composite bacteria, and 1.5 L of warm water, mix well, divide into special bags for cultivating bacteria, put into an incubator, and carry out constant temperature cultivation at 30 ° C for 80 h to obtain expanded composite bacteria, then weigh 6 kg of composite bacteria and 10 kg of bran and mix well, and then mix with 500 kg of sheep waste and pile for fermentation; The composite bacteria include Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum in a ratio of 1:1:1:1; (2) Composting: The mixed mixture was composted and fermented naturally for 16 days, with regular stirring. The compost was turned every 2 days until the temperature dropped from high to low and fell below 40°C. The fermentation was considered complete when the temperature did not change. The free amino acid content of the organic fertilizer is 201.2 g / kg.

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