Platinum alloy material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of alloy for jewelry, in particular to a platinum alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof. The platinum alloy material comprises, by weight, 91.0%-97.0% of platinum, 2.5%-8.5% of tungsten and 0.05%-0.8% of other elements, and the other elements comprise at least one of cobalt, ruthenium, iridium, cerium and lanthanum. The platinum alloy material formed by combining and melting the elements in a specific proportion has a fine grain structure, so that the platinum alloy material has the characteristics of high strength and high elasticity, and the platinum alloy material has good application in the field of inlaid jewelry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of jewelry alloys, and in particular, relates to a platinum alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Precious metals mainly refer to metal elements such as gold, silver and platinum group metals. Most of these metals have beautiful colors and strong stability. Among them, platinum has good high-temperature oxidation resistance and chemical stability, is easy to process and shape, and can be used in jewelry.

[0003] Platinum alloy refers to an alloy formed by mixing platinum with other metals, such as palladium, copper, etc. Although platinum is harder than gold, it must be alloyed with other metals before it can be used for jewelry inlay. However, it is difficult for platinum alloys to have both hardness and elasticity, and their application in jewelry needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a platinum alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming to solve the technical problem of how to improve the hardness and elasticity of the platinum alloy so as to better use it for jewelry inlay.

[0005] In order to achieve the above application purpose, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a platinum alloy material, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight, based on the total weight of the platinum alloy material being 100%:

[0007] Platinum 91.0~97.0%,

[0008] Tungsten 2.5~8.5%,

[0009] Other elements 0.05~0.8%,

[0010] The other elements include at least one of cobalt, ruthenium, iridium, cerium and lanthanum.

[0011] In some embodiments, the platinum alloy material comprises:

[0012] Platinum 94.7~96.0%,

[0013] Tungsten 3.2~4.5%,

[0014] Other elements 0.6~0.8%.

[0015] In some embodiments, the other element includes at least one of cobalt and ruthenium.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a platinum alloy material, comprising:

[0017] Providing raw materials of each element in the platinum alloy material provided in the first aspect of the present application;

[0018] Melting the raw materials to obtain alloy ingots;

[0019] The alloy ingot is subjected to stamping treatment, annealing treatment and cold rolling treatment in sequence to obtain a platinum alloy material.

[0020] In some embodiments, the melt processing is carried out at 10 -1 Pa~10 -2 Pa; and / or,

[0021] The temperature of the melting treatment is 1800° C. to 2100° C., and the time is 3 min to 8 min.

[0022] In some embodiments, the annealing treatment is performed at a temperature of 800° C. to 1200° C. and for a time of 60 min to 90 min.

[0023] In some embodiments, the cold rolling treatment includes: annealing at 650° C. to 850° C. for 60 to 120 min when the rolling deformation reaches 20% to 40%.

[0024] In some embodiments, the platinum alloy material obtained after the cold rolling process includes a platinum alloy plate.

[0025] In some embodiments, after the cold rolling treatment, the process further includes: processing the platinum alloy plate through a CNC lathe to obtain a jewelry blank, and then obtaining the finished jewelry through a molding and polishing process.

[0026] In a third aspect, the present application provides an application, namely, the application of the platinum alloy material provided in the first aspect of the present application and / or the platinum alloy material prepared by the preparation method provided in the second aspect of the present application in jewelry.

[0027] The platinum alloy material provided in the first aspect of the present application contains specific percentages of platinum, tungsten and other elements (i.e., at least one of cobalt, ruthenium, iridium, cerium and lanthanum); the platinum alloy material melted by the combination of metal elements in the above-mentioned specific proportions of the present application has a fine grain structure and thus has the characteristics of high strength and high elasticity, which makes the platinum alloy material of the present application have good application in the field of inlaid jewelry.

[0028] The preparation method of the platinum alloy material provided in the second aspect of the present application is the preparation process of the platinum alloy material of the first aspect of the present application, which is to obtain an alloy ingot by melting various raw materials, and then to perform stamping, annealing and cold rolling to obtain a platinum alloy material with high strength and high elasticity. The platinum alloy material obtained by the preparation method of the present application can be well used in the field of inlaid jewelry.

[0029] The application of the platinum alloy material provided in the third aspect of the present application is based on the fact that the platinum alloy material not only has good hardness but also has good elasticity, and therefore can be used as a jewelry material for inlay. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0031] In this application, the term "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items.

[0033] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, some or all of the steps can be executed in parallel or sequentially, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0034] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0035] The weight of the relevant components mentioned in the embodiment description of the present application can not only refer to the specific content of each component, but also represent the proportional relationship between the weights of the components. Therefore, as long as the content of the relevant components is proportionally enlarged or reduced according to the embodiment description of the present application, it is within the scope disclosed in the embodiment description of the present application. Specifically, the mass described in the embodiment description of the present application can be a mass unit known in the chemical industry such as μg, mg, g, kg, etc.

[0036] The terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes to distinguish objects such as substances from each other, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application, the first XX may also be referred to as the second XX, and similarly, the second XX may also be referred to as the first XX. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0037] Due to the large difference in melting points between platinum and tungsten, based on the traditional platinum alloy jewelry formula, the lost wax casting process often forms a developed dendrite structure; the finished product cast has poor processing performance, reduced elongation, and is prone to cracking. Based on this, the embodiment of the present application develops a new platinum alloy formula to improve the hardness and elasticity of the platinum alloy, making it better for jewelry inlay. The specific technical solution is as follows.

[0038] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a platinum alloy material, which, based on the total weight of the platinum alloy material being 100%, includes the following components in weight percentage: 91.0% to 97.0% platinum (Pt), 2.5% to 8.5% tungsten (W), and 0.05% to 0.8% other elements, wherein the other elements include at least one of cobalt (Co), ruthenium (Ru), iridium (Ir), cerium (Ce), and lanthanum (La).

[0039] The platinum alloy material melted by combining metal elements in a specific proportion of the present application has a fine grain structure, and thus has the characteristics of high strength and high elasticity. Specifically, in the above-mentioned formula components, the platinum alloy formed by adding 2.5-8.5% tungsten to 91.0-97.0% platinum as the basis can form a simple peritectic phase diagram. As the tungsten content increases, the strength of the platinum-tungsten alloy increases significantly. Therefore, adding 2.5-8.5wt% tungsten to platinum can enhance the hardness and elasticity of the alloy. Combined with 0.05-0.8wt% of at least one of cobalt, ruthenium, iridium, cerium, and lanthanum, it is easy to process and is used in jewelry inlaid with platinum alloys, and has strong firmness.

[0040] In some embodiments, when the added tungsten content is low, the effect of improving its elasticity and hardness is low, so that the firmness of the gemstone setting is at risk of stone removal; when the tungsten content is high, the alloy is prone to cracking during stamping, and the material is too hard, which will cause difficulties in CNC lathe precision carving. A small amount of ruthenium, cobalt, iridium, cerium, and lanthanum can reduce the gas inside the alloy, refine the grains, and improve the processability of platinum alloys. Therefore, the platinum alloy material formed by 91.0-97.0% platinum, 2.5-8.5% tungsten, and 0.05-0.8% other elements overcomes the current situation of insufficient elasticity and hardness of platinum alloy jewelry materials, and has a good application in the field of inlaid jewelry.

[0041] In some embodiments, the platinum alloy material of the present application is suitable for making some inlaid jewelry such as bezel setting and forced setting, and has sufficient elasticity and hardness to maintain the firmness of the setting.

[0042] In some embodiments, the platinum content in the platinum alloy material may be 91.0%, 91.5%, 92.0%, 92.5%, 93.0%, 93.5%, 94.0%, 94.5%, 95.0%, 96.0%, 96.5%, 97.0%, etc.; the tungsten content in the platinum alloy material may be 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.2%, 3.5%, 4.0%, 4.5%, 4.8%, 5. 0%, 5.6%, 6.0%, 7.0%, 7.2%, 7.8%, 8.0%, 8.5%, etc.; the content of other elements in the platinum alloy material can be 0.05%, 0.08%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8%, etc., and these other elements include at least one of cobalt, ruthenium, iridium, cerium, and lanthanum.

[0043] In some embodiments, the platinum alloy material includes: 94.7-96.0% platinum, 3.2-4.5% tungsten, and 0.6-0.8wt% other elements, and the other elements include at least one of cobalt, ruthenium, iridium, cerium, and lanthanum.

[0044] In some embodiments, the other elements include at least one of cobalt and ruthenium. The addition of cobalt and ruthenium can maintain good casting performance during the preparation of the platinum alloy material.

[0045] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a platinum alloy material, comprising:

[0046] S01: providing raw materials of each element in the platinum alloy material provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application;

[0047] S02: Melting the raw materials to obtain alloy ingots;

[0048] S03: performing stamping treatment, annealing treatment and cold rolling treatment on the alloy ingot in sequence to obtain a platinum alloy material.

[0049] The preparation method of the embodiment of the present application can prepare the platinum alloy material of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the present application obtains a platinum alloy material with high strength and high elasticity by melting various raw materials to obtain an alloy ingot, and then performs stamping, annealing and cold rolling, which can be well used in the field of inlaid jewelry.

[0050] In some embodiments, the prepared platinum alloy material includes: 91.0-97.0% platinum (Pt), 2.5-8.5% tungsten (W), and 0.05-0.8% other elements, and the other elements include at least one of cobalt (Co), ruthenium (Ru), iridium (Ir), cerium (Ce), and lanthanum (La).

[0051] In some embodiments, 91.0-97.0wt% of platinum, 3.0-9.0wt% of tungsten, and 0.05-0.8% of other elements contained in the platinum alloy are placed in a vacuum induction melting furnace for melting and casting into a metal ingot, and the metal ingot is stamped by a hydraulic press, and then repeatedly cold-rolled, supplemented by annealing at 800-1200°C, and rolled into a platinum alloy metal plate of a certain thickness. A platinum alloy material with high elasticity and high hardness is produced using a CNC lathe. The platinum alloy material prepared in this way is suitable for some inlaid jewelry such as package inlay and forced inlay, and has sufficient elasticity and hardness to maintain the firmness of the inlay.

[0052] In some embodiments, the melt processing is carried out at 10 -1 Pa~10 -2 Pa; under this vacuum condition, each metal raw material can be melted stably.

[0053] Further, the melting treatment temperature is 1800°C to 2100°C, and the time is 3min to 8min. For example, the melting temperature can be 1800°C, 1900°C, 2000°C, 2050°C, 2100°C, etc., and the melting time can be 3min, 4min, 5min, 6min, 8min, etc.; under the above melting temperature and time conditions, each metal raw material can be fully melted and mixed evenly.

[0054] In some embodiments, the annealing treatment is performed at a temperature of 800° C. to 1200° C. and for a time of 60 min to 90 min. For example, the annealing treatment may be performed at a temperature of 800° C., 900° C., 1000° C., 1100° C., 1150° C., 1200° C., etc., and the annealing treatment may be performed for a time of 60 min, 70 min, 75 min, 80 min, 85 min, 90 min, etc.

[0055] Specifically, the annealing temperature and annealing time can be determined by the tungsten content. When the tungsten content is high, the annealing temperature and annealing time can be appropriately increased to better improve or eliminate the internal stress generated in the workpiece during the processing.

[0056] In some embodiments, the cold rolling process includes: annealing at 650° C. to 850° C. for 60 to 120 min when the rolling deformation reaches 20% to 40%. Under this condition, the risk of cracking during rolling can be reduced while maintaining a certain hardness performance.

[0057] In some embodiments, the platinum alloy material obtained after the cold rolling process includes a platinum alloy plate.

[0058] In some embodiments, after the cold rolling process, the process further includes: processing the platinum alloy plate through a CNC lathe to obtain a jewelry blank, and then obtaining the finished jewelry through a molding and polishing process.

[0059] Platinum, tungsten and other elements are melted into alloys using a vacuum medium frequency induction furnace, and then processed by hydraulic press stamping, interrupted annealing, cold rolling, etc. to form a fine grain structure, making it a platinum alloy material with high strength and high elasticity. In the production process, standardization can be achieved through control requirements including but not limited to production processes, processing parameters, processing indicators, etc.

[0060] In some embodiments, the platinum alloy products produced by the platinum alloy formula and production process of the embodiments of the present application have uniform color, high strength, high hardness, and excellent elasticity. The processing method is aimed at the production and production of plates for jewelry, and CNC lathe technology is used to produce a variety of jewelry accessories with strong processability, and a variety of inlay methods are produced, such as forced inlay, package inlay, track line or inlay methods with high requirements for material hardness. The styles of platinum alloy inlaid jewelry are enriched.

[0061] In a third aspect, the present application provides an application, that is, the application of the platinum alloy material provided in the first aspect of the present application and / or the platinum alloy material prepared by the preparation method provided in the second aspect of the present application in jewelry. Since the platinum alloy material has not only good hardness but also good elasticity, it can be used as a material for inlaid jewelry.

[0062] Specifically, in some embodiments, the preparation process of inlaid jewelry includes the following steps:

[0063] 1. Material preparation stage

[0064] A platinum alloy raw material for jewelry is provided, which includes the following components in weight percentage based on the total weight of the platinum alloy material as 100%: 91.0-97.0% platinum, 2.5-8.5% tungsten, and 0.05-0.8% other elements, wherein the other elements include at least one of cobalt, ruthenium, iridium, cerium, and lanthanum.

[0065] 2. Cutting stage

[0066] The above alloy raw materials are melted at high temperature and proportioned by weight. The purity of the raw materials is greater than 99.99%. Since a small amount of tungsten will volatilize during the melting process, about 0.5% more can be added during proportioning. The metal material is placed in the zirconia crucible in the melting chamber and the melting chamber is evacuated to 10 -1 Pa~10-2 Pa, and then argon gas is introduced for protection and the temperature is raised. Due to the high melting point of tungsten, micron or nanometer tungsten powder is used as the raw material, and the temperature is raised to 1800℃~2100℃ for smelting for 3~8min. At this temperature, the tungsten powder can be fully melted with platinum and refined and impurities removed. After being fully melted and uniformly, it is cast into a rectangular platinum alloy ingot under vacuum.

[0067] 3. Processing stage

[0068] 1. Process the obtained rectangular platinum alloy ingot. Place the alloy ingot in a four-column hydraulic press for stamping; platinum-tungsten alloy has high hardness. As the stamping processing rate increases, the internal stress generated increases, and cracking is prone to occur. When the processing rate reaches 30% to 50%, annealing treatment is required at a temperature of 800℃ to 1200℃ for 60 to 90 minutes. This can improve or eliminate the internal stress generated by the workpiece during the processing. The annealing temperature and annealing time are determined by the tungsten content. The higher the tungsten content, the higher the required annealing temperature and the longer the annealing time. During the annealing process, protective gas is introduced to control the influence of air substitution. The stamped alloy sheet with a thickness of 4 to 5 mm (depending on the thickness of the ornament) is repeatedly cold-rolled using a two-roll reversible rolling mill. In order to prevent cracking during rolling and maintain a certain hardness performance, annealing treatment is required when the rolling deformation reaches 20% to 40%. The temperature is 650℃ to 850℃, the time is 60 to 120 minutes, and gas protection is introduced during the process. Finally, a high-hardness, high-elasticity platinum alloy sheet with the same thickness as the product is obtained.

[0069] 2. Furthermore, platinum alloy plates can be processed and manufactured through CNC lathes. By drawing the jewelry styles in CAD and then entering them into the CNC control program, various jewelry blanks can be made. After the molding and polishing procedures, the finished jewelry can be made. Because platinum alloy materials have sufficient hardness and elasticity, such jewelry can be inlaid with gems by inlay; even tension inlay can be used to clamp the gems to better display the brilliant brilliance of the gems.

[0070] The above jewelry products were tested for performance, and their Vickers hardness can reach at least 200HV. Therefore, compared with the existing platinum-cobalt-ruthenium alloy jewelry, the jewelry of the embodiment of the present application has significantly improved hardness and good elasticity. Therefore, the platinum alloy material of the embodiment of the present application has sufficiently superior hardness, elasticity and processing performance, which can enhance the firmness of the inlaid jewelry and the anti-deformation performance of the jewelry.

[0071] The following describes the invention in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] A platinum alloy material and jewelry thereof.

[0074] Platinum alloy material, which consists of the following components in weight percentage:

[0075] Pt: 94.7wt%, W: 4.5wt%, Ru: 0.8wt%.

[0076] The preparation process is as follows:

[0077] 1. Melt the raw materials of the above-mentioned alloy components and mix them according to weight percentage. The purity of the raw materials should be greater than 99.99%. Since a small amount of tungsten will volatilize during the smelting process, about 0.5% more can be added during mixing. Put the metal materials into the zirconia crucible in the smelting chamber and evacuate the smelting chamber to 10 -1 Pa~10 -2 Pa, then argon gas protection was introduced to raise the temperature, and the temperature was raised to 1920°C for 5 minutes. After the smelting was completed, it was cast into a rectangular platinum alloy ingot with a thickness of 10 mm under vacuum.

[0078] 2. Process the obtained rectangular platinum alloy ingot. Place the alloy ingot in a four-column hydraulic press for stamping. When the processing rate reaches 50%, annealing is carried out at a temperature of 1000°C for 75 minutes. During the annealing process, protective gas is introduced to control the influence of air substitution. The pressed alloy sheet with a thickness of 5mm is repeatedly cold-rolled using a two-roll reversible rolling mill. When the rolling deformation reaches 20%, annealing is required at a temperature of 750°C for 90 minutes, during which gas protection is introduced. Finally, a platinum alloy sheet with a thickness of 3.2mm, high hardness and high elasticity is obtained.

[0079] 3. Platinum alloy plates can be processed by CNC lathes. By drawing the jewelry style in CAD and then entering it into the CNC control program, a variety of jewelry blanks can be made. After the molding and polishing procedures, the finished jewelry can be made.

[0080] The above platinum alloy plate was cut into 52mm*1.5mm*3.2mm blocks for performance testing, and its Vickers hardness reached 232.7HV. The elastic recovery test of longitudinal bending 3mm was tested, and its elastic recovery rate was 79%.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] A platinum alloy material and jewelry thereof.

[0083] Platinum alloy material, which consists of the following components in weight percentage:

[0084] Pt: 96wt%, W: 3.2wt%, Ru: 0.8wt%.

[0085] The preparation process is the same as that in Example 1.

[0086] The above platinum alloy plates were cut into 52mm*1.5mm*3.2mm blocks for performance testing, and the Vickers hardness reached 201HV. The elastic recovery test of 3mm longitudinal bending was tested, and the elastic recovery rate was 68.5%.

[0087] Comparative Example

[0088] A platinum alloy material and jewelry thereof.

[0089] Platinum alloy material, which consists of the following components in weight percentage:

[0090] Pt: 95.0wt%, Co: 4.0wt%, Ru: 1.0wt%

[0091] Production method: lost wax casting;

[0092] Place the weighed platinum, cobalt and ruthenium metals into the zirconia crucible and evacuate the melting chamber to 10 -1 Pa~10 -2 Pa, then argon gas is introduced for protection and the temperature is raised to 1850℃ for melting. When the platinum in the crucible is dissolved into liquid, it is kept for 2 minutes for uniform melting. The molten platinum alloy liquid is poured into a 900℃ gypsum mold, kept for 1 minute, and then the gypsum mold is placed in water for cooling to obtain a rough blank of platinum alloy jewelry. Through the mold holding and polishing process, the rough blank is processed into a finished jewelry. Through the Vickers hardness test, the hardness value of the comparative sample is 155HV.

[0093] The content of each element and the performance test method of the embodiments of the present application can be referred to as follows:

[0094] GB / T 38130-2019 Determination of platinum content in platinum alloy jewelry - ICP spectrometry with yttrium internal standard;

[0095] GB / T 18043-2013 Determination of precious metal content in jewelry - Fluorescence spectrometry;

[0096] GB / T 35777-2017 Mechanical properties test of metal and alloy chains Tensile test;

[0097] GB / T 4340.1-2008 Vickers hardness test for metallic materials Part 1 Test method.

[0098] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A platinum alloy material, characterized in that: Taking the total weight of the platinum alloy material as 100%, the platinum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: Platinum 91.0~97.0%, Tungsten 2.5~8.5%, Other elements 0.05~0.8%, The other elements include at least one of cobalt, ruthenium, iridium, cerium and lanthanum.

2. The platinum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The platinum alloy material comprises: Platinum 94.7~96.0%, Tungsten 3.2~4.5%, Other elements 0.6~0.8%.

3. The platinum alloy material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The other element includes at least one of cobalt and ruthenium.

4. A method for preparing a platinum alloy material, characterized in that: include: Providing raw materials of each element in the platinum alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 3; Melting the raw materials to obtain alloy ingots; The alloy ingot is subjected to stamping treatment, annealing treatment and cold rolling treatment in sequence to obtain a platinum alloy material.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The melt treatment is carried out at 10 -1 Pa~10 -2 Pa; and / or, The temperature of the melting treatment is 1800° C. to 2100° C., and the time is 3 min to 8 min.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The annealing treatment is performed at a temperature of 800° C. to 1200° C. and for a time of 60 min to 90 min.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cold rolling treatment includes: when the rolling deformation reaches 20% to 40%, annealing at 650° C. to 850° C. for 60 to 120 minutes.

8. The preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The platinum alloy material obtained after the cold rolling treatment includes a platinum alloy plate.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After the cold rolling treatment, the process also includes: processing the platinum alloy plate through a CNC lathe to obtain a jewelry blank, and then obtaining a finished jewelry after a molding and polishing process.

10. Use of the platinum alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and / or the platinum alloy material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 9 in jewelry.