Combined discharge chute for spillway at crest of concrete faced rockfill dam and construction method of combined discharge chute

Abstract

The invention provides a combined discharge chute for a spillway at the crest of a concrete-faced rockfill dam and a construction method of the combined discharge chute. The discharge chute is characterized in that a plain concrete cushion layer is laid at a reserved position of the discharge chute of the concrete-faced rockfill dam; the bottom plate assembly is arranged on the plain concrete cushion layer, a longitudinal seam and a preformed hole are formed in the bottom plate assembly, the longitudinal seam extends in the thickness direction of the bottom plate assembly, and the preformed hole is perpendicular to the water flow direction or forms an acute angle with the water flow direction; the anchoring assembly penetrates through a reserved hole in the bottom plate assembly so that the bottom plate assembly can be locked. The waterproof assembly is arranged at the longitudinal seam. The discharge chute is arranged to be in a form of splicing the bottom plate assemblies, the longitudinal seams are formed in the bottom plate assemblies, the longitudinal seams are parallel to the water flow direction or form a certain angle with the water flow direction, and the bottom plate assemblies are locked together through the anchoring assemblies, so that the bottom plate assemblies are effectively prevented from excessively sliding or overturning under the action of water pressure; the stability of the bottom plate assembly is improved, water stop damage is avoided, and therefore the dam break accident caused by dam body scouring due to leakage of drained water is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of spillways of panel dams, and in particular to a combined spillway of a panel dam top spillway and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Panel dam is the abbreviation of panel rockfill dam. It is an earth-rock dam that relies on the concrete panel in front of the dam body to retain water. The main body of the dam body is made of loose earth and stone materials filled and compacted. The spillway chute refers to the discharge channel between the control section and the energy dissipator of the open spillway, also known as the steep trough. The panel dam crest spillway refers to the spillway built on the crest of the panel rockfill dam, so that the dam can both retain water and discharge flood water. Compared with the conventional slope spillway, the panel rockfill dam crest spillway avoids the excavation and construction of the shore spillway, which can save 30% to 38% of the project cost, and avoid causing large-scale ecological damage and soil and water conservation problems. It has significant economic advantages, but also brings huge technical challenges;

[0003] The stress on the spillway at the top of the panel dam is very complex. For a reservoir with a panel dam retaining water, when the height of the panel dam retaining water changes, it will cause uneven deformation of the panel dam body. In addition, when the spillway discharges, the water flow will generate water pressure perpendicular to the bottom plate of the chute, increasing the pressure of the chute on the dam body, thereby causing deformation of the dam body. Therefore, the spillway built on the panel dam will deform with the deformation of the dam body, resulting in secondary deformation and secondary stress. When this secondary displacement may cause stress concentration in the chute, and the larger the structural span, the greater the secondary stress, which may cause cracking or damage to the chute structure, or require a very uneconomical chute structure, or greatly increase the construction cost; secondary displacement may also tear or damage the water stop system between the spillway and the panel, and between the spillway chute, thereby causing reservoir water or flood to leak out, and scour the dam body of the granular body, causing cracking or damage to the structure, and causing a dam break accident.

[0004] During discharge, the water flow in the spillway generates water pressure perpendicular to the side walls of the chute, and the direction of action is perpendicular to the direction of the water flow and horizontally outward, causing the side walls to tend to move away from the water flow; the downstream water flow will also generate a drag force in the direction of the water flow, increasing the downward sliding force of the chute and posing a risk to the anti-slip stability of the chute; the downstream high-speed water flow will cause turbulent vibration to the chute, thereby bringing safety risks such as dam body deformation and chute stability.

[0005] According to incomplete statistics, there are about 10 spillways built on panel dams in China. In order to ensure the safety of the spillway structure and adapt to the deformation of the panel dam, the spillway spillways currently built on the panel dam usually only use a small-width integral U-shaped spillway with no seams. These spillways either have a small flood discharge width, a small discharge drop, or a small single-width discharge flow. This greatly limits the application and promotion of this economical dam structure. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a combined spillway chute of a panel dam top and a construction method thereof to solve the problems existing in the related technologies. The technical solution is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a combined spillway chute for a panel dam crest, comprising:

[0008] Plain concrete cushion layer, which is laid in the reserved position of the spillway of the panel dam;

[0009] A bottom plate assembly, the bottom plate assembly is arranged on a plain concrete cushion layer, the bottom plate assembly has a longitudinal seam and a reserved hole, the longitudinal seam extends along the thickness direction of the bottom plate assembly, and the reserved hole is arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction or at an acute angle to the water flow direction;

[0010] An anchoring assembly, the anchoring assembly passes through a reserved hole on the base plate assembly to lock the base plate assembly;

[0011] Waterproof components are arranged at the longitudinal seams.

[0012] In one embodiment,

[0013] The base plate assembly includes:

[0014] Two side bottom plates, the two side bottom plates are spliced, a longitudinal seam is formed at the splicing position of the two side bottom plates, a reserved hole is provided in the side bottom plate, and the anchoring assembly passes through the reserved hole to lock the two side bottom plates;

[0015] And side walls, the number of side walls corresponds to that of side bottom plates, the corresponding side walls are connected to the side bottom plates, and the side bottom plates and side walls are embedded in the wall body or the mountain body.

[0016] In one embodiment,

[0017] The base plate assembly also includes:

[0018] A plurality of mid-sole plates, wherein the plurality of mid-sole plates are spliced ​​along a direction from one of the side bottom plates to another side bottom plate, and a longitudinal seam is formed between adjacent mid-sole plates after splicing, and a longitudinal seam is also formed at the splicing position of the mid-sole plate and the side bottom plate, and the plurality of mid-sole plates are provided with reserved holes;

[0019] After a plurality of middle bottom plates are spliced ​​with the side bottom plates, the anchoring components penetrate through the reserved holes on the middle bottom plates and the side bottom plates to lock the plurality of middle bottom plates with the two side bottom plates.

[0020] In one embodiment,

[0021] The anchoring assembly includes:

[0022] Anchor reinforcement, the anchor reinforcement passes through the reserved hole;

[0023] Anchors are arranged at both ends of the anchor reinforcement, and the anchors at both ends of the anchor reinforcement are respectively fixed on the two side bottom plates.

[0024] In one embodiment,

[0025] The anchor reinforcement is set in the reserved hole, and the anchor reinforcement is perpendicular to the water flow direction;

[0026] And / or, the anchor reinforcement is arranged in the reserved hole, and the anchor reinforcement forms an acute angle with the water flow direction.

[0027] In one embodiment,

[0028] The adjacent sides of the two side bottom plates are respectively provided with a tenon structure and a mortise structure. When the two side bottom plates are spliced ​​together, the tenon structure and the mortise structure are spliced ​​together correspondingly.

[0029] In one embodiment,

[0030] One end of the middle bottom plate is a tenon structure, and the other end is a mortise structure. When adjacent middle bottom plates are spliced ​​or the middle bottom plate is spliced ​​with the side bottom plate, the tenon structure and the mortise structure are spliced ​​correspondingly.

[0031] In one embodiment, it further includes:

[0032] A flexible cushion layer is located at the longitudinal seam, and the flexible cushion layer is located between the tenon structure and the mortise structure.

[0033] In one embodiment,

[0034] Waterproof components include:

[0035] The anti-corrosion cover is arranged at the longitudinal seam and is filled with plastic filler to reduce the vibration of the anti-corrosion cover;

[0036] A water stop component is arranged in the longitudinal seam, and the water stop component is located above the mortise structure and below the anti-corrosion cover.

[0037] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a construction method for a combined spillway chute of a panel dam crest, which is applied to a combined spillway chute of a panel dam crest as described in any one of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step S10: laying a plain concrete cushion along the slope at the reserved position of the spillway on the panel dam;

[0039] Step S20: Casting the bottom plate assembly at the reserved position so that the bottom plate assembly is located on the plain concrete cushion layer, setting a reserved hole in the bottom plate assembly during the casting process, splicing the bottom plate assembly after the casting is completed, and forming a longitudinal seam on the spliced ​​bottom plate assembly;

[0040] Step S30: installing the anchor assembly through the reserved hole inside the assembled base plate assembly;

[0041] Step S40: Install the waterproof component at the longitudinal seam of the base plate component.

[0042] The advantages or beneficial effects of the above technical solution include at least:

[0043] By setting the spillway in the form of splicing the bottom plate components and providing longitudinal seams on the bottom plate components, the setting of the longitudinal seams reduces the span of a single bottom plate, thereby reducing the internal force of the bottom plate, so as to better adapt to the deformation of the dam body and reduce the risk of dam body deformation. The bottom plate components are locked together by the anchoring components, which effectively limits the excessive slippage or overturning of the bottom plate components under the action of water pressure, so as to improve the stability of the bottom plate components and avoid damage to the water stop, thereby preventing the leakage of water from eroding the dam body and causing a dam breach accident.

[0044] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present application will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the multiple drawings represent the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings only depict some embodiments disclosed in the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application.

[0046] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0048] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the midsole plate in the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the erosion shield;

[0050] Figure 5 This is the longitudinal section of the dam top spillway;

[0051] In the figure: 100, chute; 101, plain concrete cushion; 102, frame;

[0052] 110. midsole plate; 111. tenon structure; 112. mortise structure; 113. flexible cushion layer;

[0053] 120, side bottom plate;

[0054] 130, longitudinal seam;

[0055] 140, side wall;

[0056] 150, anchor assembly; 151, anchor reinforcement; 152, anchor piece; 153, countersunk rivet;

[0057] 160, anti-corrosion cover; 161, plastic filler; 162, base; 163, anti-corrosion panel; 164, anchor plate; 165, vertical plate;

[0058] 170. Water stop assembly;

[0059] 180, reserved hole;

[0060] 190. Base plate assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0062] Figure 1-Figure 5 FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of a combined spillway chute 100 of a panel dam crest according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the chute 100 may include:

[0063] A plain concrete cushion layer 101, which is laid at a reserved position of the panel dam spillway 100;

[0064] A bottom plate assembly 190, the bottom plate assembly 190 is arranged on the plain concrete cushion layer 101, and has a longitudinal seam 130 and a reserved hole 180, the longitudinal seam 130 extends along the thickness direction of the bottom plate assembly 190, and the reserved hole 180 is arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction or at an acute angle to the water flow direction;

[0065] Anchor assembly 150, the anchor assembly 150 passes through the reserved hole 180 on the bottom plate assembly 190 to lock the bottom plate assembly 190;

[0066] A waterproof component is arranged at the longitudinal seam 130 .

[0067] In this embodiment, the bottom plate assembly 190 is provided with a longitudinal seam 130. When the water retaining height of the dam body changes, the water pressure in the reservoir will cause the dam body to deform, thereby causing the bottom plate assembly 190 to deform. The provision of the longitudinal seam 130 reduces the span of a single bottom plate, thereby reducing the internal force of the bottom plate assembly 190 to better adapt to the deformation of the dam body.

[0068] The bottom plate assembly 190 is locked by the anchor assembly 150. When the chute 100 discharges water, the high-speed water flow generates a large lateral water pressure and acts on the side of the bottom plate assembly 190, causing the side of the bottom plate assembly 190 to have a tendency to deform to both sides. The bottom plate assembly 190 is locked together by the anchor assembly 150, which effectively limits the bottom plate assembly 190 from excessive slippage or overturning under the action of water pressure, thereby improving the stability of the bottom plate assembly 190 and avoiding damage to the waterproof assembly, thereby preventing the discharge of water from scouring the dam body and causing a dam breach accident. The risk of dam body deformation is reduced by setting the longitudinal seam 130.

[0069] In one embodiment,

[0070] The base plate assembly 190 includes:

[0071] Two side bottom plates 120, the two side bottom plates 120 are spliced, a longitudinal seam 130 is formed at the splicing of the two side bottom plates 120, a reserved hole 180 is provided in the side bottom plate 120, and the anchor assembly 150 passes through the reserved hole 180 to lock the two side bottom plates 120;

[0072] And side walls 140, the number of side walls 140 corresponds to the number of side bottom plates 120, the corresponding side walls 140 are connected to the side bottom plates 120, and the side bottom plates 120 and the side walls 140 are embedded in the wall or the mountain.

[0073] In this embodiment, when the two side bottom plates 120 are spliced, a longitudinal seam 130 is formed at the joint of the two side bottom plates 120. At this time, the waterproof component is located above the longitudinal seam 130 at the joint of the two side bottom plates 120. First, the reserved position of the chute 100 on the panel dam is leveled and compacted; then, a 0.05m-0.3m thick plain concrete cushion layer 101 is laid along the slope through the reserved position to facilitate the bottom plate formwork and the erection of the steel frame 102 (the 0.05m-0.3m thick plain concrete cushion layer 101, due to its thin thickness and without steel bars, has very weak bending and tensile strength, and its influence on the internal force of the bottom plate of the chute 100 is not considered, and it only provides a flat construction condition for pouring the bottom plate component 190);

[0074] Cast the two side bottom plates 120 in sequence or simultaneously, and embed the steel bars of the side wall 140 in the bottom plates; then cast the side wall 140 of the chute 100 on the side bottom plates 120 in sequence or simultaneously (the side bottom plates 120 and the side wall 140 are cast together, and the weight is large, and the deformation caused by the deadweight on the dam surface is also large. Casting the side bottom plates 120 first is conducive to reducing the secondary displacement and secondary stress of the middle bottom plate 110);

[0075] The height of the side wall 140 can be adjusted according to the depth of the discharge. When the overflow water depth is constant, the maximum discharge flow of the spillway on the top of the panel rockfill dam can be increased by increasing the overflow width, so as to improve the flood control capacity of the panel dam.

[0076] A longitudinal seam 130 is provided between the side bottom plates 120 , and the longitudinal seam 130 can be arranged parallel to the water flow direction or form an acute angle with the water flow direction;

[0077] When the spillway discharges water, the high-speed water flow generates a large lateral water pressure, which acts on the side wall 140, causing the side wall 140 and the side bottom plate 120 to tend to deform toward both sides;

[0078] The dam body is filled with granular material, and the friction between the dam body and the side bottom plate 120 is limited, which makes it difficult to meet the stability requirements of the side bottom plate 120 and the side wall 140 deforming to both sides. The side bottom plate 120 is locked together by the anchor assembly 150, which effectively limits the side bottom plate 120 and the side wall 140 from excessive sliding or overturning under the action of water pressure, thereby improving the stability of the side wall 140 and the side bottom plate 120, avoiding water stop damage, and thus preventing the leakage of water from scouring the dam body and causing a dam breach accident;

[0079] The number of anchoring assemblies 150 may be determined according to the lateral pressure of water during water flow.

[0080] In one embodiment,

[0081] The base plate assembly 190 also includes:

[0082] A plurality of mid-bottom plates 110 are spliced ​​from one side bottom plate 120 to another side bottom plate 120, and a longitudinal seam 130 is formed between adjacent mid-bottom plates 110 after splicing, and a longitudinal seam 130 is also formed at the splicing of the mid-bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120, and a plurality of mid-bottom plates 110 are provided with reserved holes 180;

[0083] After the plurality of mid-bottom plates 110 and the side bottom plates 120 are spliced ​​together, the anchoring assembly 150 passes through the reserved holes 180 on the mid-bottom plates 110 and the side bottom plates 120 to lock the plurality of mid-bottom plates 110 and the two side bottom plates 120 .

[0084] In this embodiment, when the chute 100 is provided with a middle bottom plate 110, a longitudinal seam 130 is formed at the joint of the middle bottom plates 110 and the joint of the middle bottom plates 110 and the side bottom plates 120. At this time, the longitudinal seam 130 between the middle bottom plates 110 and the longitudinal seam 130 formed by the joint of the side bottom plates 120 and the middle bottom plates 110 are provided with waterproof components. The middle bottom plate 110 can be provided according to the required width of the chute, or the middle bottom plate 110 can be not provided, and the two side bottom plates 120 can be directly spliced. When the middle bottom plate 110 is provided, the two side bottom plates 120 are cast in sequence or simultaneously, and the waterproof components are provided on the bottom plate. Embed the steel bars of the side wall 140; then cast the side wall 140 of the chute 100 on the side bottom plate 120 in sequence or simultaneously (the side bottom plate 120 and the side wall 140 are cast together, and the weight is large, and the deformation caused by the deadweight on the dam surface is also large. Casting the side bottom plate 120 first is conducive to reducing the secondary displacement and secondary stress of the middle bottom plate 110); then cast the middle bottom plate 110 in sequence or at intervals from one side bottom plate 120 to the other side bottom plate 120 (casting in two sequences at intervals can make the deadweight load of the chute 100 evenly applied to the dam surface, reduce the uneven settlement of the dam surface, and also reduce the secondary displacement and secondary stress of the bottom plate);

[0085] It should be noted that the chute 100 formed by splicing the middle bottom plate 110, the side bottom plate 120 and the side wall 140 is a spillway, and the discharge flow of the spillway has the following relationship:

[0086] Q=B×h×v=q×B, q=h×v=Q / B;

[0087] Among them, Q is the maximum flow rate of the spillway, reflecting the flow capacity of the spillway;

[0088] B is the flow width, i.e. the width of the chute 100;

[0089] h is the depth of flowing water;

[0090] v is the velocity of the overflow water. The size of v is positively correlated with the total drop z of the spillway discharge. The larger the drop z, the larger v.

[0091] q is the flow rate per single width, that is, the flow rate per 1m width of the chute 100, which can comprehensively reflect the influence of the water flow on the chute 100, that is, when the water depth and flow velocity are large, the effect and influence on the chute 100 are large;

[0092] It should be noted that the number and thickness of the side bottom plates 120 and the middle bottom plate 110 can be set as needed. When the drainage width is ≤15m, only two side bottom plates 120 can be provided without the middle bottom plate 110; when the drainage width is ≥15m, one or more middle bottom plates 110 can be provided at the same time as the side bottom plates 120; the thickness of the side bottom plates 120 and the middle bottom plate 110 is 0.6m to 4m, and the optimal width of the side bottom plates 120 and the middle bottom plate 110 is 15m;

[0093] When the maximum discharge flow is constant, the flow width of the chute 100 can be increased by adding the middle bottom plate 110 to reduce the maximum flow depth of the spillway control section (crisscross), thereby reducing the maximum water level of the reservoir, thereby reducing the dam crest elevation and dam height. Increasing the width of the chute 100 will slightly increase the engineering workload of the chute 100 bottom plate, but at the same time it can reduce the dam height and save a lot of engineering costs, and can also reduce the flooding loss and land occupation caused by the highest water level, generating huge economic benefits.

[0094] When the flow width of the chute 100 is constant, the present invention significantly reduces the maximum span of the single structure of the chute 100, thereby significantly reducing the secondary stress of the bottom plate, greatly reducing the thickness requirement of the bottom plate of the chute 100, reducing the thickness of the bottom plate of the chute 100, thereby greatly saving engineering investment and improving the safety of the bottom plate structure;

[0095] By setting the chute 100 in the form of splicing the side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110, the chute 100 can not only adapt to the deformation of the dam body and control the stress of the chute 100, but also adapt to floods of different widths, breaking through the limitation of the chute 100 width on the top spillway of the panel rockfill dam, and expanding the application scenarios of the top spillway of the panel dam;

[0096] By setting the chute 100 in the form of splicing the side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110, and setting the longitudinal seam 130 at the splicing place of each middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120, the longitudinal seam 130 is parallel to the water flow direction or forms a certain angle with the water flow direction, and all the side bottom plates 120 and the middle bottom plates 110 are locked together by the anchor assembly 150, the side bottom plates 120 and the side walls 140 are effectively restricted from excessive sliding or overturning under the action of water pressure, so as to improve the stability of the side walls 140 and the side bottom plates 120, avoid water stop damage, and thus prevent the leakage of water from scouring the dam body and causing a dam breach accident;

[0097] The thickness of the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 are both 0.5m to 3m.

[0098] In one embodiment,

[0099] The anchor assembly 150 includes:

[0100] Anchor reinforcement 151, the anchor reinforcement 151 passes through the reserved hole 180, the material of the anchor reinforcement 151 is steel, and the diameter is 8mm to 32mm;

[0101] Anchors 152 are arranged at both ends of the anchor bars 151. The anchors 152 at both ends of the anchor bars 151 are respectively fixed on two side bottom plates 120. When the anchor bars 151 are cross-arranged, the anchors 152 need to be staggered in height.

[0102] In this embodiment, after the side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110 are spliced, the reserved holes 180 on the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 are interconnected, and the anchoring bars 151 pass through the reserved holes 180 of the side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110, and all the side bottom plates 120 and the middle bottom plate 110 are locked to a suitable tightness through the anchoring pieces 152, which not only meets the requirements that the bottom plates can be displaced or rotated in the vertical plane, but also meets the requirements that the side bottoms can be separated or overturned due to excessive slippage under the action of water pressure when the chute 100 passes water;

[0103] When only two side bottom plates 120 are connected, the reserved holes 180 on the two side bottom plates 120 are interconnected, and the anchor bars 151 pass through the reserved holes 180 on the two side bottom plates 120. The two side bottom plates 120 are locked to a suitable tightness through the anchors 152, which can not only meet the requirements of displacement or rotation between the bottom plates in the vertical plane, but also meet the requirements of excessive slippage and separation or overturning of the side bottom under the action of water pressure when the chute 100 flows through water;

[0104] The anchor reinforcement 151 has good deformation performance, so that the side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110 can adapt well to the deformation of the panel rockfill dam, and can greatly reduce the stress of the middle bottom plate 110, the side bottom plate 120 and the side wall 140, thereby protecting the chute 100 structure from being destroyed, and preventing damage to the water stop assembly 170 and the corrosion cover 160, thereby improving the safety of the chute 100 and the dam.

[0105] In one embodiment,

[0106] The anchor reinforcement 151 is arranged in the reserved hole 180, and the anchor reinforcement 151 is perpendicular to the water flow direction;

[0107] And / or, the anchor bar 151 is disposed in the reserved hole 180, and the anchor bar 151 forms an acute angle with the water flow direction.

[0108] In this embodiment, anchor bars 151 perpendicular to the water flow direction and anchor bars 151 at a certain angle to the water flow direction can be provided at the same time, or anchor bars 151 perpendicular to the water flow direction or anchor bars 151 at a certain angle to the water flow direction can be provided separately. By providing the anchor bars 151, the side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110 can well adapt to the deformation of the face rockfill dam, and the stress of the middle bottom plate 110, the side bottom plate 120 and the side wall 140 can be greatly reduced, thereby protecting the structure of the chute 100 from being damaged.

[0109] Furthermore, in this solution, anchor bars 151 perpendicular to the water flow direction and anchor bars 151 at a certain angle to the water flow direction are simultaneously provided. By combining the two anchor bar 151 provision schemes, the side bottom plate 120, the middle bottom plate 110 and the side wall 140 can well adapt to the deformation of the face rockfill dam.

[0110] It should be noted that when the anchor reinforcement 151 is arranged at a certain angle to the water flow direction, the angle formed by the anchor reinforcement 151 and the water flow is between 30° and 60°, and one anchor reinforcement 151 or two "X"-shaped anchor reinforcements 151 may be arranged;

[0111] The position of the reserved hole 180 can be reserved according to the arrangement scheme of the anchor reinforcement 151 .

[0112] In one embodiment,

[0113] The diameter of the cross section of the anchor reinforcement 151 is smaller than the diameter of the cross section of the reserved hole 180 .

[0114] In this embodiment, the diameter D1 of the reserved hole 180 and the diameter D2 of the anchor bar 151 should satisfy: (D1-D2) / 2>b(thickness of the flexible cushion layer 113) to prevent the anchor bar 151 from being sheared or damaged when the bottom plate is displaced.

[0115] In one embodiment,

[0116] The adjacent sides of the two side bottom plates 120 have a tenon structure 111 and a mortise structure 112 respectively. When the two side bottom plates 120 are spliced ​​together, the tenon structure 111 and the mortise structure 112 are spliced ​​together correspondingly.

[0117] In this embodiment, the tenon structure 111 and the mortise structure 112 are spliced ​​to form a mortise and tenon structure, and the anchor reinforcement 151 has good deformation performance. When the two side bottom plates 120 are spliced, the longitudinal seam 130 and the mortise and tenon structure also allow the side bottom plates 120 to have limited displacement and twisting in the vertical plane, which enables the side bottom plates 120 to adapt to the deformation of the panel rockfill dam, thereby reducing the stress of the side bottom plates 120 and further protecting the spliced ​​middle bottom plates 110 and side bottom plates 120 from damage.

[0118] In one embodiment,

[0119] One end of the middle bottom plate 110 is a tenon structure 111 , and the other end is a mortise structure 112 . When adjacent middle bottom plates 110 are spliced ​​or the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 are spliced, the tenon structure 111 and the mortise structure 112 are spliced ​​correspondingly.

[0120] In this embodiment, the tenon structure 111 and the mortise structure 112 are spliced ​​to form a mortise and tenon structure, and the anchor reinforcement 151 has good deformation performance. When the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 are spliced, the longitudinal seam 130 and the mortise and tenon structure also allow the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 to have limited displacement and twisting in the vertical plane, so that the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 can adapt to the deformation of the panel rockfill dam, thereby reducing the stress of the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120, and further protecting the spliced ​​middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 from being damaged;

[0121] The tenon structure 111 has a length of 2 cm to 30 cm and a thickness of 20 cm to 100 cm.

[0122] In one embodiment, it further includes:

[0123] The flexible pad layer 113 is located at the longitudinal seam 130 , and the flexible pad layer 113 is located between the tenon structure 111 and the mortise structure 112 .

[0124] In this embodiment,

[0125] The flexible cushion layer 113 can be made of asphalt, foam board, etc. The thickness of the flexible cushion layer 113 is 0.5cm to 10cm. The flexible cushion layer 113 provides a certain deformation space between the tenon structure 111 and the mortise structure 112 to allow the side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110 to have a proper amount of displacement and rotation in the vertical plane to adapt to the deformation of the dam body, reduce the risk of stress concentration and damage to the side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110, and also reduce the risk of stress and damage to the mortise and tenon structure; on the other hand, the limited thickness of the flexible cushion layer 113 can prevent excessive displacement between the bottom plates, so as to avoid damage to the water-stop assembly 170 and the anti-corrosion cover 160 between the bottom plates, thereby preventing the leakage of water from scouring the dam body and causing a dam breach accident;

[0126] Through the mortise and tenon structure and the flexible cushion layer 113 combined with the arrangement of the anchor reinforcement 151 and the anchoring piece 152, each base plate is constrained and restricted to ensure the integrity and earthquake resistance of each base plate after splicing.

[0127] In one embodiment,

[0128] Waterproof components include:

[0129] The anti-corrosion cover 160 is provided at the longitudinal seam 130 , and the anti-corrosion cover 160 is filled with a plastic filler 161 to reduce the vibration of the anti-corrosion cover 160 ;

[0130] The water-stop assembly 170 is disposed in the longitudinal seam 130 . The water-stop assembly 170 is located above the mortise structure 112 and below the corrosion protection cover 160 .

[0131] In this embodiment, the corrosion protection cover 160 is arranged on the surface of the side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110. When the middle bottom plate 110 is provided, the corrosion protection cover 160 is located at the longitudinal seam 130 where the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 are connected. When the middle bottom plate 110 is not provided, the corrosion protection cover 160 is arranged at the longitudinal seam 130 where the two side bottom plates 120 are connected. The corrosion protection cover 160 wraps the longitudinal seam 130 and is located above the longitudinal seam 130. The anti-corrosion cover 160 is composed of a middle bottom plate 110, a side bottom plate 120, an anti-corrosion panel 163 and a plastic filler 161. The base 162 is welded by an anchor plate 164 and a vertical plate 165. When the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 are cast, the base 162 is welded to the steel frame of the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120. The vertical plate 165 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The base 162 is pre-buried in the bottom plate when the bottom plate of the chute 100 is cast;

[0132] The anti-corrosion cover 160 includes: an anti-corrosion panel 163 and a base 162, wherein the base 162 is welded by an anchor plate 164 and a vertical plate 165;

[0133] The anti-corrosion panel 163 and the vertical plate 165 are connected by countersunk rivets 153;

[0134] The anchor plate 164, the vertical plate 165 and the anti-corrosion panel 163 are all made of anti-corrosion and anti-rust metal materials, such as stainless steel;

[0135] The thickness of the anti-corrosion panel 163 is 1 mm to 4 mm to resist the maximum water pressure during discharge. When the spillway discharges, the water flow is accelerated by gravity to form a high-speed water flow. When the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 are displaced at the longitudinal seam 130, a misalignment is formed, thereby affecting the flatness of the flow surface. The misalignment at the longitudinal seam 130 is prone to cavitation and damage when encountering a high-speed water flow, thereby endangering the safety of the bottom plate and the water stop, and bringing hidden dangers to the safety of the dam. By setting the anti-corrosion panel 163 and the anti-corrosion cover 160, the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 can be prevented from slipping. 20 The staggered platform formed when the longitudinal seam 130 is displaced is covered, and the high-speed water flow is displaced with the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 through the smooth and flat stainless steel anti-erosion panel to form a staggered platform to ensure that the flow surface at the longitudinal seam 130 between the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 is flat and smooth, thereby effectively preventing the water flow from contacting the inside of the longitudinal seam 130 and causing cavitation under the action of the high-speed water flow, thereby protecting the middle bottom plate 110, the side bottom plate 120 and the water stop assembly 170, and ensuring the safety of the chute 100 and the dam;

[0136] One or more water-stopping components 170 are provided at the longitudinal seam 130 to ensure that water does not leak out when the chute 100 discharges, thereby preventing the dam from being eroded. The water-stopping components 170 are combined with the anti-corrosion cover 160 and the anti-corrosion panel 163 to ensure the waterproofness of the longitudinal seam 130, thereby preventing water from entering the interior of the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 through the longitudinal seam 130 when the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 are dislocated, thereby causing erosion of the interior of the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120;

[0137] The plastic filler 161 is filled between the bases 162 and is pressed by the anti-corrosion panel 163. The plastic filler 161 can be a chloroprene rubber rod, SR flexible filler, etc.

[0138] The plastic filler 161 tightly supports the anti-corrosion cover 160, reduces the vibration of the anti-corrosion cover 160, absorbs the deformation of the bottom plate well, prevents the anti-corrosion cover 160 from being torn, and assists in anti-seepage, thereby improving the anti-seepage, compactness and safety of the seam.

[0139] Another embodiment of the present application provides a construction method of a combined spillway chute 100 for a panel dam top, which is applied to the combined spillway chute 100 for a panel dam top as described in any one of the above embodiments, and includes the following steps:

[0140] Step S10: laying a concrete bottom plate along the slope at the reserved position of the spillway 100 on the panel dam;

[0141] Step S20: Casting the bottom plate assembly 190 at the reserved position so that the bottom plate assembly 190 is located on the concrete bottom plate, setting a reserved hole 180 in the bottom plate assembly 190 during the casting process, splicing the bottom plate assembly 190 after the casting is completed, and forming a longitudinal seam 130 on the spliced ​​bottom plate assembly 190;

[0142] Step S30: Pass the anchor assembly 150 through the reserved hole 180 and install it inside the assembled bottom plate assembly 190;

[0143] Step S40 : installing the waterproof assembly at the longitudinal seam 130 of the bottom plate assembly 190 .

[0144] In this embodiment, the reserved position of the spillway 100 on the panel dam is leveled and compacted, and a 0.05m to 0.3m thick plain concrete cushion layer 101 is laid along the slope at the reserved position;

[0145] The side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110 are both pre-set with the steel bar rolled skeleton 102 before casting. After the required number of the middle bottom plates 110 is determined according to the drainage width, the side bottom plates 120 on both sides are cast in advance, and the steel bars of the side walls 140 are pre-embedded. After the pre-embedded steel bars, the side walls 140 can be cast. The casting of the side walls 140 and the middle bottom plate 110 can be carried out at the same time. After the casting is completed, the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 are adjusted, and the anchor bars 151 are passed through the reserved holes 180 and fixed by the anchors 152. After the fixing is completed, the corrosion protection cover 160 is installed on the longitudinal seam 130, and the plastic filler 161 is filled into the corrosion protection cover 160;

[0146] The method for casting the bottom plate 110 in step S20 includes the following steps:

[0147] Step S21: Cast two side bottom plates 120 on both sides of the reserved position sequentially or simultaneously, embed the steel bars of the side wall 140 on the side bottom plates 120, and cast the side wall 140 of the chute 100 on the side bottom plates 120 sequentially or simultaneously;

[0148] Step S22: Casting the middle bottom plate 110 sequentially or at intervals from the side bottom plate 120 on one side to the side bottom plate 120 on the other side;

[0149] Step S23: After pouring, the middle bottom plate 110 and the side bottom plate 120 are spliced ​​in sequence, and the waterproof component is installed.

[0150] In step S21 and step S22 , when the side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110 are cast, installation positions for waterproof components are reserved in advance on the side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110 .

[0151] During the pouring process of the side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110 , it is necessary to reserve installation positions for the water stop assembly 170 , the base 162 inside the corrosion protection cover 160 , and the vertical plate 165 on the side bottom plate 120 and the middle bottom plate 110 in advance.

[0152] The functions of the modules in the devices of the embodiments of the present invention can be found in the corresponding descriptions of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0153] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0154] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0155] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A combined spillway chute on the top of a panel dam, characterized in that: include: A plain concrete cushion layer, wherein the plain concrete cushion layer is laid at a reserved position of the sluice of the panel dam; A bottom plate assembly, the bottom plate assembly is arranged on the plain concrete cushion layer, the bottom plate assembly has a longitudinal seam and a reserved hole, the longitudinal seam extends along the thickness direction of the bottom plate assembly, and the reserved hole is perpendicular to the water flow direction or is arranged at an acute angle to the water flow direction; An anchoring assembly, the anchoring assembly passes through a reserved hole on the base plate assembly to lock the base plate assembly; A waterproof component is arranged at the longitudinal seam.

2. A combined spillway chute for a panel dam top according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate assembly comprises: Two side bottom plates, the two side bottom plates are spliced, the longitudinal seam is formed at the splicing position of the two side bottom plates, the side bottom plates have the reserved holes, the anchor assembly passes through the reserved holes, so as to lock the two side bottom plates; And side walls, the number of the side walls corresponds to the number of the side bottom plates, the corresponding side walls are connected to the side bottom plates, and the side bottom plates and the side walls are both embedded in the wall or the mountain.

3. A combined spillway chute for a panel dam top according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base plate assembly also includes: A plurality of middle bottom plates, wherein the middle bottom plates are spliced ​​along the direction from one of the side bottom plates to another side bottom plate, and the longitudinal seams are formed between adjacent middle bottom plates after splicing, and the longitudinal seams are also formed at the splicing locations of the middle bottom plates and the side bottom plates, and the reserved holes are provided on the middle bottom plates; After the plurality of the middle bottom plates are spliced ​​with the side bottom plates, the anchoring assembly penetrates through the reserved holes on the middle bottom plates and the side bottom plates to lock the plurality of the middle bottom plates with the two side bottom plates.

4. A combined spillway chute for a panel dam top according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The anchor assembly comprises: Anchor reinforcement, the anchor reinforcement passes through the reserved hole; Anchors are arranged at both ends of the anchor reinforcement, and the anchors at both ends of the anchor reinforcement are respectively fixed to the two side bottom plates.

5. A combined spillway chute for a panel dam top according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anchor reinforcement is arranged in the reserved hole, and the anchor reinforcement is perpendicular to the water flow direction; And / or, the anchor reinforcement is arranged in the reserved hole, and the anchor reinforcement forms an acute angle with the water flow direction.

6. A combined spillway chute for a panel dam top according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjacent sides of the two side bottom plates respectively have a tenon structure and a mortise structure. When the two side bottom plates are spliced ​​together, the tenon structure and the mortise structure are spliced ​​together correspondingly.

7. The combined spillway chute of a panel dam crest according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the middle bottom plate is a tenon structure, and the other end is a mortise structure. When adjacent middle bottom plates are spliced ​​or the middle bottom plate is spliced ​​with the side bottom plate, the tenon structure and the mortise structure are spliced ​​correspondingly.

8. A combined spillway chute for a panel dam top according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A flexible pad layer is located at the longitudinal seam, and the flexible pad layer is located between the tenon structure and the mortise structure.

9. A combined spillway chute for a panel dam top according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The waterproof component comprises: An anti-corrosion cover, the anti-corrosion cover is arranged at the longitudinal seam, and the anti-corrosion cover is filled with a plastic filler to reduce the vibration of the anti-corrosion cover; A water-stop component is arranged in the longitudinal seam, and the water-stop component is located above the mortise structure and below the anti-corrosion cover.

10. A construction method for a combined spillway chute on a panel dam crest, applied to a combined spillway chute on a panel dam crest as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: step S10: Lay a plain concrete cushion along the slope at the reserved position of the spillway on the panel dam; Step S20: Casting the bottom plate assembly at the reserved position so that the bottom plate assembly is located on the plain concrete cushion layer, setting a reserved hole in the bottom plate assembly during the casting process, splicing the bottom plate assembly after the casting is completed, and forming a longitudinal seam on the spliced ​​bottom plate assembly; Step S30: installing the anchor assembly through the reserved hole inside the assembled base plate assembly; Step S40: Install the waterproof component at the longitudinal seam of the base plate component.

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