Building construction pile foundation detection equipment and detection method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation detection, in particular to a building construction pile foundation detection device and method. According to the fluctuation comparison condition of the ultrasonic data of the same sounding pipe under the two adjacent depths and in combination with sonic path distance offset analysis, determining a waveform abnormal coefficient of the same sounding pipe; under each depth in the same sounding pipe, determining an edge sonic path value corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the received ultrasonic data so as to obtain sound program columns, and determining a correlation coefficient of each sounding pipe according to the correlation between the sound program columns in different sounding pipes; and according to the correlation coefficient and the waveform anomaly coefficient of any sounding pipe, determining an anomaly significant index of any sounding pipe, according to the anomaly significant index, performing anomaly screening on all the sounding pipes to obtain sounding pipes to be detected, and performing pile foundation detection on the ultrasonic data of all the sounding pipes to be detected at different depths. The accuracy and sensitivity of pile foundation detection can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation detection, and in particular to a pile foundation detection device and a detection method for building construction. Background Art

[0002] In building construction, pile foundation is an important basic structure, and its bearing capacity and stability directly affect the safety and durability of the building. With the acceleration of urbanization, the use of pile foundation is becoming more and more extensive. However, due to the complex construction environment, diverse materials and external factors, pile foundation may have defects during the construction process, such as cracks, voids or uneven materials.

[0003] In the related art, ultrasonic data of pile foundation detection in construction is acquired through ultrasonic transmission method, and then the ultrasonic data is analyzed to obtain abnormal conditions. In this method, the number of ultrasonic detection tubes needs to be considered. Too few ultrasonic detection tubes cannot perform good detection on the inside of the pile foundation. When too many ultrasonic detection tubes are analyzed together, due to too many samples of ultrasonic data, abnormal effects will appear in multiple samples and be identified as normal phenomena, which also leads to low accuracy and sensitivity of pile foundation detection. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem that when there are too many samples of ultrasonic data, abnormal effects appear in multiple samples and are identified as normal phenomena, resulting in low accuracy and sensitivity of pile foundation detection, the present invention provides a construction pile foundation detection device and detection method, and the technical solutions adopted are as follows: The present invention proposes a construction pile foundation detection method, the method comprising: A transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer are respectively arranged in different acoustic detection tubes of the same pile foundation, and ultrasonic data at different depths are determined by adjusting the depth of the transmitting transducer, wherein a detection depth is set every preset length in the acoustic detection tube, all depths represent all preset detection depths, and each depth represents each detection depth; According to the fluctuation comparison of ultrasonic data of the same acoustic detection tube at two adjacent depths, the difference in the sound path of the ultrasonic data at the two adjacent depths is analyzed to obtain the sound path offset; the ultrasonic data at the two adjacent depths are offset according to the sound path offset, and the amplitude difference of the ultrasonic data at the two adjacent depths after offset at the same sound path is used as the waveform anomaly significance index of the two adjacent depths, and the waveform anomaly coefficient of the same acoustic detection tube is determined according to the waveform anomaly significance index at all depths; At each depth in the same acoustic detection tube, determine the edge sound path value corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the received ultrasonic data, determine the relative sound path according to the edge sound path value and the corresponding depth, arrange the relative sound paths in order of depth to obtain a sound path sequence, and determine the correlation coefficient of each acoustic detection tube according to the correlation between the sound path sequences in different acoustic detection tubes; According to the correlation coefficient and waveform anomaly coefficient of any acoustic detection pipe, the abnormal significance index of any acoustic detection pipe is determined, and all acoustic detection pipes are screened for abnormalities according to the abnormal significance index to obtain the acoustic detection pipes to be detected, and the ultrasonic data of all the acoustic detection pipes to be detected at different depths are used for pile foundation detection.

[0005] Furthermore, the acoustic path difference of the ultrasonic data at two adjacent depths is analyzed based on the fluctuation comparison of the ultrasonic data of the same acoustic detection tube at two adjacent depths to obtain the acoustic path offset, including: Two adjacent depths are respectively taken as a first depth and a second depth, wherein the first depth is greater than the second depth; A two-dimensional coordinate system is constructed with the sound path as the horizontal coordinate and the amplitude as the vertical coordinate, curves of the ultrasonic data at the first depth and the second depth in the two-dimensional coordinate system are determined respectively, and the curve at the first depth is translated left and right within a preset sound path range; Based on the Pearson correlation coefficient calculation method, calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the curve after each translation and the curve at the second depth; When the value of the Pearson correlation coefficient is the largest, the shifted sound path amount is used as the sound path offset.

[0006] Furthermore, the ultrasonic data at two adjacent depths are offset according to the sound path offset, and the amplitude difference of the ultrasonic data at two adjacent depths after the offset at the same sound path is used as a waveform abnormality significant indicator at the two adjacent depths, including: The curve at the first depth is translated by the sound path offset to obtain a curve as a translated curve; Calculating the absolute value of the amplitude difference between the translation curve at the same sound path and the ultrasonic data curve at the second depth; The maximum absolute value of the amplitude difference under all sound paths is normalized to the minimum and maximum values ​​to obtain the waveform anomaly significance index of the first depth and the second depth.

[0007] Furthermore, the waveform anomaly coefficient of the same acoustic detection pipe is determined according to the waveform anomaly significant index at all depths, including: The average of the waveform anomaly significance indexes of the same acoustic detection pipe at all depths is calculated as the waveform anomaly coefficient.

[0008] Furthermore, determining the relative sound path according to the edge sound path value and the corresponding depth includes: The ratio of the edge sound path value to the corresponding depth is calculated as the relative sound path.

[0009] Furthermore, the determining of the correlation coefficient of each acoustic detection tube according to the correlation between the acoustic sequence sequences in different acoustic detection tubes includes: Calculate the DTW value between the acoustic program sequences in any two acoustic detection tubes based on the dynamic time warping algorithm; perform maximum and minimum normalization on the opposite numbers of the DTW values ​​as the initial correlation index corresponding to the two acoustic detection tubes; Select any acoustic detection tube as the target acoustic detection tube, and determine the average of the initial correlation indicators between the target acoustic detection tube and all other acoustic detection tubes as the correlation coefficient of the target acoustic detection tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the determination of the abnormal significant index of any acoustic detection tube according to the correlation coefficient and waveform abnormality coefficient of any acoustic detection tube includes: The difference between the waveform anomaly coefficient and the correlation coefficient of the same acoustic detection tube is calculated and normalized as the abnormal significance index of the corresponding acoustic detection tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the abnormal screening of all acoustic detection tubes according to the abnormal significant index to obtain the acoustic detection tubes to be detected includes: The acoustic detection pipe whose abnormal significant index is greater than the preset index threshold is taken as the acoustic detection pipe to be detected.

[0012] Furthermore, the pile foundation detection is performed on the ultrasonic data of all the acoustic detection pipes to be detected at different depths, including: Based on the local outlier factor algorithm, all the acoustic test pipes to be tested are tested for abnormalities, and abnormal signals of pile foundations are obtained; The pile foundation state is determined according to the pile foundation abnormal signal.

[0013] On the other hand, a construction pile foundation detection device is also provided, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of any one of the aforementioned construction pile foundation detection methods are implemented.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the embodiment of the present invention, transmitting transducers and receiving transducers are configured in different acoustic detection tubes of the same pile foundation to obtain ultrasonic data, and the fluctuation of ultrasonic data of the same acoustic detection tube at different depths is analyzed in combination with the acoustic path offset state to achieve effective waveform anomaly analysis, and the obtained waveform anomaly coefficient can accurately characterize the abnormal state of the waveform in the same acoustic detection tube; then, in combination with the characteristic of the maximum amplitude at the edge of the pile foundation, the relative acoustic path is determined to obtain the acoustic program sequence, and the correlation coefficient of each acoustic detection tube is obtained by analyzing the correlation between the acoustic program sequences in different acoustic detection tubes, and the correlation coefficient characterizes the comparison of ultrasonic data detected by the acoustic detection tube and other acoustic detection tubes; further, in combination with the waveform anomaly coefficient and the correlation coefficient, the abnormal significance index of the acoustic detection tube is analyzed, and the abnormal significance index characterizes the significance of the abnormal situation of the corresponding acoustic detection tube during ultrasonic detection, and each acoustic detection tube is abnormally screened by the abnormal index to obtain the acoustic detection tube to be detected with more significant abnormal effect, thereby realizing pile foundation detection according to the acoustic detection tube to be detected. In the embodiment of the present invention, by combining the fluctuations of ultrasonic data at adjacent depths in the same acoustic detection tube and the correlation between different acoustic detection tubes, an abnormal significance analysis of each acoustic detection tube is achieved, thereby screening out acoustic detection tubes to be detected with stronger detection effects, and realizing effective analysis of the pile foundation status. When the number of acoustic detection tubes is large, the present invention can determine more accurate and reliable acoustic detection tubes to be analyzed through abnormal significance analysis, thereby effectively improving the accuracy and sensitivity of pile foundation detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A flow chart of a construction pile foundation detection method provided by one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pile cross-hole penetration device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A structural diagram of a construction pile foundation detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following is a detailed description of a construction pile foundation detection device and detection method proposed by the present invention, its specific implementation method, structure, characteristics and effects, in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0018] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0019] The specific scheme of a construction pile foundation detection device and detection method provided by the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Explanation of some terms that appear in this plan: Pile foundation testing is an important part of foundation engineering, mainly used to evaluate the quality and bearing capacity of pile foundations. Pile foundations are usually used to withstand the gravity, lateral loads and other external forces of buildings. By measuring the propagation time of sound waves in the pile body and the reflected signal, the defects and quality of the pile body can be analyzed.

[0021] Ultrasonic transmission method is a technology that uses the characteristics of ultrasonic wave propagation in the medium to detect, measure and image materials. This method is widely used in industrial non-destructive testing and geological exploration.

[0022] Cross-hole Sonic Logging (CSL) is a non-destructive testing technology for pile foundation testing. It is mainly used to evaluate the quality, integrity and bearing capacity of pile foundations. By detecting the propagation characteristics of sound waves in the pile, defects in the pile, such as cavities and cracks, are found to ensure that the pile foundation meets the design requirements. The specific process is as follows: Acoustic wave emission: Transducers are installed in different acoustic detection tubes of the pile foundation, and acoustic wave pulses are emitted into another acoustic detection tube through the transmitting transducer.

[0023] Sound wave propagation: Sound waves propagate through the pile and are reflected or attenuated when they encounter defects in the pile, such as cracks or voids.

[0024] Signal reception: The sound wave signal is received in the receiving transducer of another acoustic detection tube, and its propagation time and intensity are recorded.

[0025] Data analysis: By analyzing the received sound wave signals, the structural integrity and defects inside the pile can be determined.

[0026] Ultrasound A-scan is a one-dimensional ultrasound examination method that uses high-frequency sound waves (usually between 1 and 20 MHz) to be emitted from the probe into the tissue. When the sound waves encounter different tissue interfaces, they will be reflected. The probe receives the reflected sound wave signals and converts them into electrical signals. After these electrical signals are processed, images of echo intensity at different depths are presented on the screen to form a waveform graph.

[0027] See also Figure 2 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pile cross-hole penetration device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 In the process, ultrasonic waves are transmitted from the transmitting transducer to the receiving transducer, propagated through the pile body, and ultrasonic data are obtained in the receiving transducer. The ultrasonic data is the ultrasonic data under the A scan.

[0028] See also Figure 1 , which shows a flow chart of a construction pile foundation detection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising: S101: configuring a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer in different acoustic detection tubes of the same pile foundation respectively, and determining ultrasonic data at different depths by adjusting the depth of the transmitting transducer.

[0029] Among them, the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer can be the same device, and the device can have both transmitting and receiving functions. When realizing the transmitting function, it can be used as a transmitting transducer, and when realizing the receiving function, it can be used as a receiving transducer.

[0030] It can be understood that multiple acoustic detection tubes can be configured in the same pile foundation, and any two acoustic detection tubes can be selected, and the transducers therein can be used as transmitting transducers and receiving transducers respectively. In the embodiment of the present invention, the depth of the transmitting transducer can be adjusted to transmit ultrasonic data from different depths, so that the data received by the receiving transducer has different sound paths.

[0031] Among them, the depth of the transmitting transducer is a preset different detection depth. In the embodiment of the present invention, a detection depth can be periodically set in the acoustic detection tube at every preset length. For example, a detection depth is set every 1 cm in the acoustic detection tube to obtain all depths. The preset length can be adjusted according to actual detection requirements, such as different lengths such as 2 cm and 3 cm, and there is no limitation on this.

[0032] S102: Based on the fluctuation comparison of the ultrasonic data of the same acoustic detection tube at two adjacent depths, the sound path difference of the ultrasonic data at the two adjacent depths is analyzed to obtain the sound path offset; the ultrasonic data at the two adjacent depths are offset according to the sound path offset, and the amplitude difference of the ultrasonic data at the two adjacent depths after the offset at the same sound path is used as the waveform anomaly significance index of the two adjacent depths, and the waveform anomaly coefficient of the same acoustic detection tube is determined according to the waveform anomaly significance index at all depths.

[0033] It should be noted that when the ultrasonic data shows voids, concrete segregation, cracks, etc. in a certain area of ​​the pile foundation, at the depth of the internal defects, there will be large differences between the ultrasonic data of different layers in its neighborhood. Therefore, the probability of the existence of defects can be judged based on the difference in ultrasonic data between adjacent layers.

[0034] For the data measured in the same acoustic testing tube, under normal circumstances, the main difference between the ultrasonic data measured at two adjacent depths depends on the internal structure of the pile foundation at the corresponding position and the difference in the pile diameter of the pile foundation. However, when there are defects in the pile foundation, the ultrasonic waves emitted by the transmitting transducer will be scattered in different directions due to different propagation paths and then reach the receiving transducer, which will produce similar amplitude changes in the ultrasonic data between adjacent layers, but the corresponding sound paths are different.

[0035] Since the sound paths are different, it is not possible to perform data analysis intuitively. Therefore, it is necessary to process the ultrasonic data to stabilize it within the same sound path range. Then, the adjusted ultrasonic data is analyzed to determine the differences.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present invention, since the sound path will be offset at different heights, that is, the farther the transmitting transducer is from the receiving transducer, the larger its sound path is, the accuracy of abnormal analysis for the deviation of the same sound path in the conventional processing method is poor. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention offsets the sound path, and the amplitude difference analysis of the subsequent same sound path is realized through the offset, so as to achieve a specific analysis effect of waveform abnormality.

[0037] Furthermore, in an embodiment of the present invention, taking into account the effect of sound path offset, according to the fluctuation comparison of ultrasonic data of the same acoustic detection tube at two adjacent depths, the sound path difference of the ultrasonic data at two adjacent depths is analyzed to obtain the sound path offset, including: taking the two adjacent depths as the first depth and the second depth, respectively, wherein the first depth is greater than the second depth; constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system with the sound path as the horizontal coordinate and the amplitude as the vertical coordinate, determining the curves of the ultrasonic data at the first depth and the second depth in the two-dimensional coordinate system, respectively, and translating the curve at the first depth left and right within a preset sound path range; based on the Pearson correlation coefficient calculation method, calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient of the curve after each translation and the curve at the second depth; when the value of the Pearson correlation coefficient is the largest, taking the translated sound path amount as the sound path offset.

[0038] Among them, the preset sound path range is the range for sound path shifting. In the embodiment of the present invention, the range of 10 cm on the left and right can be used as the preset sound path range. That is, when the sound path is 50 cm, the preset sound path range can be set to [40 cm, 60 cm]. It can be adjusted according to actual detection needs and there is no restriction on this.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, after determining the two-dimensional coordinate system, the points corresponding to the amplitudes at different sound paths can be marked in the two-dimensional coordinate system, and the marked points can be connected in order of the sound paths from small to large to obtain a curve of the ultrasonic data at the corresponding depth.

[0040] Among them, the first depth and the second depth are two adjacent depths, that is, when detecting at different depths, the two closest depths are used as the first depth and the second depth. For example, when detecting at an interval of 1 cm, the second depth is 10 cm, then the first depth is 11 cm, that is, the first depth is deeper than the second depth.

[0041] Among them, the Pearson correlation coefficient is a coefficient for correlation analysis. The waveforms corresponding to the ultrasonic data at adjacent depths have certain similarities, and the difference in sound path affects the analysis effect of the similarity.

[0042] Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, the waveform curve of the ultrasonic data at the first depth in the two-dimensional coordinate system is used as the curve to be translated, and the curve to be translated is translated left and right within a preset sound path range of the two-dimensional coordinate system to obtain translation curves corresponding to different translation amounts, thereby calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the translation curve and the waveform curve corresponding to the ultrasonic data at the second depth.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, the larger the value of the Pearson correlation coefficient is, the greater the positive correlation is, that is, the more similar the numerical fluctuations of the corresponding translation curve and the fluctuation curve at different sound paths are, the more the influence of the sound path shift caused by different depths in the actual detection process is eliminated, that is, the value of the corresponding sound path translation is more in line with the objective situation. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the value of the Pearson correlation coefficient is the largest, the translated sound path amount is used as the sound path shift amount.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present invention, after determining the sound path offset, the waveform curve at the first depth can be offset to obtain the above-mentioned translation curve. Then, a difference analysis can be performed based on the translation curve and the fluctuation curve corresponding to the ultrasonic data at the second depth, so as to accurately judge the specific differences in the waveforms at the two depths.

[0045] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the ultrasonic data at two adjacent depths are offset according to the sound path offset, and the amplitude difference of the ultrasonic data at the two adjacent depths after the offset at the same sound path is used as a waveform abnormality significance index at the two adjacent depths, including: using the curve at the first depth as a translation curve after translating the curve by the sound path offset; calculating the absolute value of the amplitude difference corresponding to the translation curve at the same sound path and the ultrasonic data curve at the second depth; and normalizing the maximum values ​​of the absolute values ​​of the amplitude differences at all sound paths to obtain the waveform abnormality significance indexes at the first depth and the second depth.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present invention, the absolute value of the amplitude difference corresponding to the translation curve at the same sound path and the ultrasonic data curve at the second depth is calculated. The larger the absolute value of the amplitude difference, the greater the amplitude difference between the translation curve at the same sound path and the fluctuation curve corresponding to the ultrasonic data at the second depth, that is, the greater the difference within the neighborhood range, and the more likely it is that abnormal conditions such as voids, concrete segregation, and cracks will occur.

[0047] Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the maximum value of the absolute value of the amplitude difference under all sound paths is normalized to the maximum and minimum values ​​to obtain the waveform abnormality significance index of the first depth and the second depth. That is, the larger the value of the waveform abnormality significance index at these two depths, the greater the waveform difference between the first depth and the second depth, and the more likely it is caused by the abnormal influence of the pile foundation.

[0048] Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the waveform anomaly coefficient of the same acoustic detection tube is determined according to the waveform anomaly significant index at all depths, including: calculating the mean of the waveform anomaly significant index at all depths of the same acoustic detection tube as the waveform anomaly coefficient. The waveform anomaly coefficient represents the waveform anomaly of the entire acoustic detection tube obtained by combining the waveform anomaly significant index at all different depths. The anomaly is most likely an abnormal condition of the fluctuation detected by the acoustic detection tube. The acquisition of the waveform anomaly coefficient facilitates the subsequent analysis of the pile foundation status.

[0049] S103: At each depth in the same acoustic detection tube, determine the edge sound path value corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the received ultrasonic data, determine the relative sound path according to the edge sound path value and the corresponding depth, arrange the relative sound paths in order of depth to obtain the sound path sequence, and determine the correlation coefficient of each acoustic detection tube according to the correlation between the sound path sequences in different acoustic detection tubes.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present invention, not only the abnormal conditions of the same acoustic detection tube need to be compared, but also different acoustic detection tubes need to be coordinated. The integrity of the pile foundation is an important indicator for pile foundation abnormality detection, and the pile wall abnormality is the main factor affecting the integrity of the pile foundation. In the embodiment of the present invention, the correlation coefficient is used to characterize the correlation between the acoustic detection tube and other acoustic detection tubes, which is convenient for analyzing the pile wall abnormality.

[0051] Among them, pile wall anomalies mainly include pile wall bulges or missing parts, as well as cracks on the pile wall, which can be analyzed by detecting the edge of the pile foundation.

[0052] It should be noted that the maximum value point in the ultrasonic data usually corresponds to the signal reflected back after the sound wave reaches the edge of the pile foundation (i.e. the pile wall). When the sound wave passes through the pile body and reaches the edge, a strong reflection occurs, and this reflected signal usually appears as the maximum amplitude in the A-scan result.

[0053] Therefore, the appearance of the maximum value point can generally be used to determine the edge position of the pile foundation, and then infer the integrity of the pile foundation. In the embodiment of the present invention, the sound path value corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the ultrasonic data is used as the edge sound path value, that is, the sound path value corresponding to the edge of the pile foundation.

[0054] Among them, the layout of the acoustic detection tubes will be affected by the surrounding structures and pile foundation design, resulting in differences in their positions and surrounding environment. This difference may affect the propagation characteristics of sound waves and the detection results. Therefore, considering the differences in propagation at different depths, the distribution of the edge of the pile foundation can be effectively analyzed through relative sound path.

[0055] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, determining the relative sound path according to the edge sound path value and the corresponding depth includes: calculating the ratio of the edge sound path value to the corresponding depth as the relative sound path.

[0056] Therefore, the relative sound path is arranged in order of depth to obtain the sound path sequence. When the pile wall is in a complete state, it is usually cylindrical or conical, and the pile wall has a certain regularity. Therefore, by analyzing the similarity of the sound path sequences corresponding to all the sound detection pipes, the abnormal sound detection pipes can be analyzed.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present invention, similarity analysis can be performed using a DTW algorithm. Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the correlation coefficient of each acoustic detection tube is determined based on the correlation between the acoustic program sequences in different acoustic detection tubes, including: calculating the DTW value between the acoustic program sequences in any two acoustic detection tubes based on a dynamic time warping algorithm; normalizing the opposite of the DTW value to the maximum and minimum values ​​as the initial correlation index of the corresponding two acoustic detection tubes; selecting any acoustic detection tube as the target acoustic detection tube, and determining the mean of the initial correlation indexes of the target acoustic detection tube and all other acoustic detection tubes as the correlation coefficient of the target acoustic detection tube.

[0058] Among them, the dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm is a nonlinear time warping matching algorithm. In the embodiment of the present invention, the sound path is used as time for warping to analyze the similarity. That is, the larger the numerical value of the obtained DTW value, the less similar it is. Therefore, the opposite number of the DTW value is normalized to the maximum and minimum values ​​as the initial correlation index corresponding to the two acoustic detection pipes.

[0059] Then, the target acoustic detection tube is analyzed, that is, the average of the initial correlation indicators of the target acoustic detection tube and all other acoustic detection tubes is used as the correlation coefficient of the target acoustic detection tube.

[0060] That is, the larger the value of the correlation coefficient is, the more similar the acoustic sequence of the target acoustic detection tube is to that of other acoustic detection tubes, which means the more consistent the pile wall is, and the smaller the abnormal state of the pile wall in the ultrasonic data detected by the target acoustic detection tube is.

[0061] S104: Determine the abnormal significance index of any acoustic detection pipe according to the correlation coefficient and waveform abnormality coefficient of any acoustic detection pipe, eliminate the abnormalities of all acoustic detection pipes according to the abnormal significance index, obtain the acoustic detection pipes to be detected, and perform pile foundation detection on the ultrasonic data of all the acoustic detection pipes to be detected at different depths.

[0062] It can be understood that since the correlation coefficient represents the abnormal state of the pile wall surface detected by the acoustic detection tube, and the waveform anomaly coefficient represents the abnormal situation of the ultrasonic data fluctuation detected by the acoustic detection tube, the two data can be combined for specific analysis of the acoustic detection tube.

[0063] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the abnormal significance index of any acoustic detection tube is determined based on the correlation coefficient and waveform abnormality coefficient of any acoustic detection tube, including: calculating the difference between the waveform abnormality coefficient and the correlation coefficient of the same acoustic detection tube, and normalizing it as the abnormal significance index of the corresponding acoustic detection tube.

[0064] Among them, since the larger the value of the correlation coefficient is, the more similar the acoustic sequence of the target acoustic detection tube is to that of other acoustic detection tubes, that is, the more consistent the pile wall is, the smaller the abnormal state of the pile wall in the ultrasonic data detected by the corresponding target acoustic detection tube is, the correlation coefficient and the abnormal significance index are negatively correlated, that is, the larger the value of the correlation coefficient is, the smaller the abnormal significance index is; and the waveform anomaly coefficient represents the abnormal degree of the waveform corresponding to the ultrasonic data. The larger its value is, the more abnormal the situation detected by the ultrasonic data is, that is, the larger the abnormal significance index is. Therefore, by calculating the difference between the waveform anomaly coefficient and the correlation coefficient of the same acoustic detection tube, the normalized processing is used as the abnormal significance index of the corresponding acoustic detection tube.

[0065] Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, when the correlation coefficient is not 0, the ratio of the waveform anomaly coefficient to the correlation coefficient can also be calculated and normalized as a significant abnormality indicator of the corresponding acoustic detection tube, and there is no limitation on this.

[0066] Among them, the larger the value of the abnormal significance index is, the more obvious the abnormality of the ultrasonic data at all heights detected by the corresponding acoustic detection tube is. That is, all acoustic detection tubes can be screened by the abnormal significance index, so as to screen out acoustic detection tubes with more obvious abnormal conditions, which can be called acoustic detection tubes to be detected in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, all acoustic detection tubes are screened for abnormalities according to abnormal significant indicators to obtain acoustic detection tubes to be detected, including: taking acoustic detection tubes whose abnormal significant indicators are greater than a preset indicator threshold as acoustic detection tubes to be detected.

[0068] The preset indicator threshold is a threshold value of the abnormal and significant indicator. The preset indicator threshold in the embodiment of the present invention may be specifically, for example, 0.5, that is, the acoustic detection tubes with abnormal and significant indicators greater than 0.5 are taken as the acoustic detection tubes to be detected.

[0069] It is understandable that since there are a large number of acoustic detection tubes and when all of them are inspected, too many acoustic detection tubes will affect the final detection results, making the accuracy of the final detection results reduced. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the acoustic detection tubes to be detected are obtained by screening, so as to specifically target the acoustic detection tubes to be detected with more obvious abnormal conditions, thereby realizing effective analysis of the abnormal pile foundation condition.

[0070] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, pile foundation detection is performed on ultrasonic data of all the acoustic detection pipes to be detected at different depths, including: performing abnormality detection on all the acoustic detection pipes to be detected based on a local outlier factor algorithm to obtain pile foundation abnormality signals; and determining the pile foundation status according to the pile foundation abnormality signals.

[0071] Among them, the local outlier factor algorithm is a commonly used algorithm for anomaly detection. In the embodiment of the present invention, the local outlier factor (LOF) algorithm is used for anomaly detection to identify potential defects in the acoustic wave signal. The algorithm sets the number of neighbors to 5, uses the average of the absolute value of the amplitude difference between the ultrasonic data of the two acoustic test pipes to be detected in each sound path as the distance metric, and sets the outlier factor threshold to 1.1. Ultrasonic data with a LOF value greater than this threshold is considered abnormal. Input the acquired ultrasonic data of the acoustic test pipe to be detected, and output the LOF value and corresponding abnormal label of each ultrasonic data. By calculating the LOF value, samples that deviate significantly from other ultrasonic data are identified, thereby effectively detecting abnormal signals in ultrasonic data, providing an important reference for subsequent pile foundation evaluation, and improving the accuracy and sensitivity of detection.

[0072] The pile foundation abnormality signal is a signal indicating an abnormal state of the pile foundation. The pile foundation abnormality signal can be further identified in the subsequent process to determine the abnormality type, abnormality degree and other state information of the pile foundation itself, that is, the pile foundation state.

[0073] It is understandable that the local outlier factor algorithm is a well-known technology in the art, and no further limitation or elaboration is made thereon.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present invention, transmitting transducers and receiving transducers are configured in different acoustic detection tubes of the same pile foundation to obtain ultrasonic data, and the fluctuation of ultrasonic data of the same acoustic detection tube at different depths is analyzed in combination with the acoustic path offset state to achieve effective waveform anomaly analysis, and the obtained waveform anomaly coefficient can accurately characterize the abnormal state of the waveform in the same acoustic detection tube; then, in combination with the characteristic of the maximum amplitude at the edge of the pile foundation, the relative acoustic path is determined to obtain the acoustic program sequence, and the correlation coefficient of each acoustic detection tube is obtained by analyzing the correlation between the acoustic program sequences in different acoustic detection tubes, and the correlation coefficient characterizes the comparison of ultrasonic data detected by the acoustic detection tube and other acoustic detection tubes; further, in combination with the waveform anomaly coefficient and the correlation coefficient, the abnormal significance index of the acoustic detection tube is analyzed, and the abnormal significance index characterizes the significance of the abnormal situation of the corresponding acoustic detection tube during ultrasonic detection, and each acoustic detection tube is abnormally screened by the abnormal index to obtain the acoustic detection tube to be detected with more significant abnormal effect, thereby realizing pile foundation detection according to the acoustic detection tube to be detected. In the embodiment of the present invention, by combining the fluctuations of ultrasonic data at adjacent depths in the same acoustic detection tube and the correlation between different acoustic detection tubes, significant abnormal analysis of each acoustic detection tube is achieved, thereby screening out acoustic detection tubes to be detected with stronger detection effects, and realizing effective analysis of the pile foundation status. The present invention can effectively improve the accuracy and sensitivity of pile foundation detection.

[0075] The present invention also provides a construction pile foundation detection device, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a construction pile foundation detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The device 600 includes a memory 601, a processor 602, and a computer program 603 stored in the memory 601 and executable on the processor 602. When the processor 602 executes the computer program 603, the steps of the aforementioned construction pile foundation detection method are implemented.

[0076] It should be noted that the sequence of the above embodiments of the present invention is only for description and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0077] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for detecting pile foundations in building construction, characterized in that: The method comprises: A transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer are respectively arranged in different acoustic detection tubes of the same pile foundation, and ultrasonic data at different depths are determined by adjusting the depth of the transmitting transducer, wherein a detection depth is set every preset length in the acoustic detection tube, all depths represent all preset detection depths, and each depth represents each detection depth; According to the fluctuation comparison of ultrasonic data of the same acoustic detection tube at two adjacent depths, the difference in the sound path of the ultrasonic data at the two adjacent depths is analyzed to obtain the sound path offset; the ultrasonic data at the two adjacent depths are offset according to the sound path offset, and the amplitude difference of the ultrasonic data at the two adjacent depths after offset at the same sound path is used as the waveform anomaly significance index of the two adjacent depths, and the waveform anomaly coefficient of the same acoustic detection tube is determined according to the waveform anomaly significance index at all depths; At each depth in the same acoustic detection tube, determine the edge sound path value corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the received ultrasonic data, determine the relative sound path according to the edge sound path value and the corresponding depth, arrange the relative sound paths in order of depth to obtain a sound path sequence, and determine the correlation coefficient of each acoustic detection tube according to the correlation between the sound path sequences in different acoustic detection tubes; According to the correlation coefficient and waveform anomaly coefficient of any acoustic detection pipe, the abnormal significance index of any acoustic detection pipe is determined, and all acoustic detection pipes are screened for abnormalities according to the abnormal significance index to obtain the acoustic detection pipes to be detected, and the ultrasonic data of all the acoustic detection pipes to be detected at different depths are used for pile foundation detection.

2. A construction pile foundation detection method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method of analyzing the difference in the acoustic path of the ultrasonic data at two adjacent depths based on the fluctuation comparison of the ultrasonic data of the same acoustic detection pipe at two adjacent depths to obtain the acoustic path offset includes: Two adjacent depths are respectively taken as a first depth and a second depth, wherein the first depth is greater than the second depth; A two-dimensional coordinate system is constructed with the sound path as the horizontal coordinate and the amplitude as the vertical coordinate, curves of the ultrasonic data at the first depth and the second depth in the two-dimensional coordinate system are determined respectively, and the curve at the first depth is translated left and right within a preset sound path range; Based on the Pearson correlation coefficient calculation method, calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the curve after each translation and the curve at the second depth; When the value of the Pearson correlation coefficient is the largest, the shifted sound path amount is used as the sound path offset.

3. A construction pile foundation detection method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The method of performing offset processing on the ultrasonic data at two adjacent depths according to the sound path offset, and taking the amplitude difference of the ultrasonic data at the two adjacent depths after the offset at the same sound path as a waveform abnormality significant indicator at the two adjacent depths, includes: The curve at the first depth is translated by the sound path offset to obtain a curve as a translated curve; Calculating the absolute value of the amplitude difference between the translation curve at the same sound path and the ultrasonic data curve at the second depth; The maximum absolute value of the amplitude difference under all sound paths is normalized to the minimum and maximum values ​​to obtain the waveform anomaly significance index of the first depth and the second depth.

4. A construction pile foundation detection method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method of determining the waveform anomaly coefficient of the same acoustic detection pipe according to the waveform anomaly significant index at all depths includes: The average of the waveform anomaly significance indexes of the same acoustic detection pipe at all depths is calculated as the waveform anomaly coefficient.

5. A construction pile foundation detection method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the relative sound path according to the edge sound path value and the corresponding depth includes: The ratio of the edge sound path value to the corresponding depth is calculated as the relative sound path.

6. A construction pile foundation detection method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the correlation coefficient of each acoustic detection tube according to the correlation between the acoustic sequence sequences in different acoustic detection tubes includes: Calculate the DTW value between the acoustic program sequences in any two acoustic detection tubes based on the dynamic time warping algorithm; perform maximum and minimum normalization on the opposite numbers of the DTW values ​​as the initial correlation index corresponding to the two acoustic detection tubes; Select any acoustic detection tube as the target acoustic detection tube, and determine the average of the initial correlation indicators between the target acoustic detection tube and all other acoustic detection tubes as the correlation coefficient of the target acoustic detection tube.

7. A construction pile foundation detection method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the abnormal significant index of any acoustic detection tube according to the correlation coefficient and waveform abnormality coefficient of any acoustic detection tube includes: The difference between the waveform anomaly coefficient and the correlation coefficient of the same acoustic detection tube is calculated and normalized as the abnormal significance index of the corresponding acoustic detection tube.

8. A construction pile foundation detection method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method of screening all the acoustic detection tubes for abnormalities according to the abnormal significant index to obtain the acoustic detection tubes to be detected includes: The acoustic detection pipe whose abnormal significant index is greater than the preset index threshold is taken as the acoustic detection pipe to be detected.

9. A construction pile foundation detection method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pile foundation detection is performed on the ultrasonic data of all the acoustic detection pipes to be detected at different depths, including: Based on the local outlier factor algorithm, all the acoustic test pipes to be tested are tested for abnormalities, and abnormal signals of pile foundations are obtained; The pile foundation state is determined according to the pile foundation abnormal signal.

10. A construction pile foundation detection device, the device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are implemented.

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