Anti-loosening device for communication iron tower bolt

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-loosening device for a communication iron tower bolt, which comprises a bolt, a nut, a gasket assembly, a locking screw and a retaining screw, the gasket assembly comprises a first gasket matched with the bolt for use and a second gasket matched with the nut for use, and the first gasket and the second gasket are both of a double-layer structure and both comprise a metal layer and a cork layer. At least two locking through holes are formed in the bolt head, the axial direction of the locking through holes is parallel to the axial direction of the bolt body, at least two retaining through holes are formed in the nut, and the axial direction of the retaining through holes is parallel to the axial direction of the bolt body. When the anti-loosening device is applied to construction of the communication iron tower, after the bolt and the nut are fastened, the bolt and the nut can be fastened to the gasket fixed to the iron tower, so that the bolt and the nut cannot rotate, the problem that the nut is prone to loosening and falling off due to too large and too frequent vibration is solved, and the service life of the communication iron tower is prolonged. And the tightness and the safety between the communication iron tower connecting pieces are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of connecting bolts, and in particular to an anti-loosening device for bolts of communication towers. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of the communication infrastructure, communication towers bear the important task of supporting communication antennas. Bolt connection is one of the most common connection methods in the communication tower structure, and its connection reliability is directly related to the safe and stable operation of the communication tower. However, during long-term use, due to the influence of various natural environmental factors and external forces, the bolts of communication towers are prone to loosening, which poses a serious safety hazard to the communication tower.

[0003] The causes of bolt loosening include the following: (1) Vibration and impact: Communication towers are usually located in an open-air environment and are easily affected by natural factors such as wind and earthquake, which can cause vibration and impact. These vibrations and impacts can cause relative movement of the bolt connection parts, resulting in bolt loosening. (2) Temperature change: Temperature changes can cause thermal expansion and contraction of materials, resulting in stress changes in the bolt connection parts. When the temperature changes greatly, this stress change may cause bolt loosening. Especially in areas with large temperature differences between day and night, the problem of bolt loosening is more prominent. (3) Corrosion: Communication towers in an open-air environment are easily affected by corrosion factors such as rain and moisture, resulting in corrosion on the bolt surface. Corrosion can reduce the strength of the bolts and also affect the anti-loosening performance of the bolts. (4) Installation quality The installation quality of the bolts also has a great impact on their anti-loosening performance. If the tightening torque is insufficient or the bolt preload is uneven during installation, it is easy to cause the bolts to loosen. In addition, if unqualified bolts or gaskets are used during the installation process, the reliability of the bolt connection will also be reduced.

[0004] The existing technology generally adopts three methods to solve the problem of bolt loosening, namely chemical anti-loosening, permanent anti-loosening and mechanical anti-loosening.

[0005] Chemical anti-loosening includes threadlockers and anaerobic adhesives. Threadlockers are applied to the threads of the bolts. After the bolts are tightened, the threadlockers will solidify to form a high-strength adhesive that bonds the bolts and nuts together to prevent the bolts from loosening. Anaerobic adhesives are applied to the threads of the bolts with adhesives that solidify under anaerobic conditions. Anaerobic adhesives have a better anti-loosening effect, but the curing time is longer, and it takes a certain amount of time to achieve the best anti-loosening effect.

[0006] Permanent anti-loosening includes welding anti-loosening and punching anti-loosening. Welding anti-loosening is to weld the bolt and nut together to form a permanent connection to prevent the bolt from loosening. Welding anti-loosening is reliable, but it will destroy the removability of the bolt. Once the bolt needs to be removed, destructive operations such as cutting are required. Punching anti-loosening is to punch at the connection between the bolt and the nut to form mechanical interference between the bolt and the nut to prevent the nut from rotating. Punching anti-loosening is better, but it will also destroy the removability of the bolt.

[0007] Mechanical anti-loosening usually involves anti-loosening design of bolt and nut structures to achieve the anti-loosening effect of mutual locking, see references 1 and 2:

[0008] Reference 1: Chinese patent document with publication number CN 112303098 B

[0009] Reference 1 records an anti-loosening bolt fastener, including a bolt, a nut, and a fastening connector, characterized in that: the fastening connector includes a locking ring fastener, and a limiting mechanism is formed between the groove of the bolt and the snap-on member of the locking ring fastener. Compared with the traditional fastening method of existing bolts and nuts, the technical solution provided by the present invention is to temporarily lock the bolt and the nut together after the fastening connection through the fastening connector, and after the nut on the bolt is tightened, the locking ring fastener is rotated to align the snap-on member with the groove of the bolt, and the snap-on member is flipped and pulled into the groove of the bolt, and is located between two adjacent protrusions, forming a locking mechanism between the bolt and the nut, thereby solving the problem of the nut loosening due to vibration.

[0010] Reference 2: Chinese patent document with publication number CN 112431841 B

[0011] Reference 2 records a bolt with an anti-loosening effect, including a screw, a nut, a fastener and a pin, the screw including a screw portion and a nut portion, the nut being arranged on the screw portion and being threadedly connected with the screw portion, the screw portion being provided with a through groove at one end away from the nut portion, the through groove being a strip groove structure, the fastener including a collar, one end of the collar being rotatably connected with one end of the nut through a connecting piece. The present invention provides a through groove on the screw portion of the screw, and arranges a fastener at one end of the nut, the fastener moves parallel to the screw portion through a first positioning block and a second positioning block, and the position of the fastener can be limited by the interference fit of the pin and the through groove, the screw portion between the collar and the reinforcement sleeve can be expanded by applying force to the pin, and the position of the nut and the fastener can be fixed and limited, thereby solving the problem that the existing nut is easy to loosen and fall off due to excessive and frequent vibration.

[0012] The bolts described in references 1 and 2 both have an anti-loosening effect. However, their bolt structures are relatively complex and have many slots, which have an adverse effect on the overall strength of the bolts. At the same time, the complex structure also leads to a high manufacturing cost. Summary of the invention

[0013] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem of preventing bolts from loosening on a communication tower and to provide a bolt loosening prevention device which does not affect the strength of the bolts and has a low cost.

[0014] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems and adopts the following technical solutions: a device for preventing bolts from loosening in a communication tower, comprising a bolt and a nut, wherein the bolt is composed of a bolt head and a bolt body:

[0015] The anti-loosening device also includes a gasket assembly, a locking screw and a stop screw;

[0016] The gasket assembly comprises a first gasket used in conjunction with the bolt and a second gasket used in conjunction with the nut, wherein the first gasket and the second gasket are both double-layer structures, each comprising a metal layer and a cork layer;

[0017] The bolt head is provided with at least two locking through holes, the axial direction of the locking through holes is parallel to the axial direction of the bolt body, and the nut is provided with at least two withdrawal-stopping through holes, the axial direction of the withdrawal-stopping through holes is parallel to the axial direction of the bolt body;

[0018] The locking screw is composed of an integrally formed screw head and a screw body, and the head end of the screw body is a pointed head with threads.

[0019] The stop screw is composed of an integrally formed screw head and a screw body, and the head end of the screw body is a pointed head with threads.

[0020] As a further optimization of the anti-loosening device for communication tower bolts of the present invention:

[0021] The metal layer is a carbon steel layer or a nickel alloy layer, the cork layer is made of cork oak or spruce, and the metal layer and the cork layer are bonded together by epoxy glue, acrylic glue or polyurethane glue.

[0022] As a further optimization of the anti-loosening device for communication tower bolts of the present invention:

[0023] The screw body of the locking screw is provided with a non-threaded smooth section, which extends from the screw head end to the pointed end, and the length of the non-threaded smooth section is greater than the thickness of the bolt head. The screw body of the anti-retraction screw is provided with a non-threaded smooth section, which extends from the screw head end to the pointed end, and the length of the non-threaded smooth section is greater than the thickness of the nut.

[0024] As a further optimization of the anti-loosening device for communication tower bolts of the present invention:

[0025] The outer diameter of the non-threaded smooth section of the locking screw differs from the inner diameter of the locking through hole by 0.1 mm, and the outer diameter of the non-threaded smooth section of the stop screw differs from the inner diameter of the stop through hole by 0.1 mm.

[0026] As a further optimization of the anti-loosening device for communication tower bolts of the present invention:

[0027] The bolt is also provided with a plurality of interlocking through holes, which are arranged around the axis of the bolt and penetrate the bolt head and the bolt body;

[0028] The anti-loosening device also includes a locking assembly, which includes a locking rod and a locking cylinder. The locking rod can be inserted into the locking through hole, and the locking cylinder is a cylinder with one end open and the other end closed.

[0029] The closed end of the locking cylinder is provided with through holes corresponding to the number and position of the locking rods. The locking cylinder can be sleeved on the nut, and the locking cylinder and the nut will not rotate relative to each other.

[0030] As a further optimization of the anti-loosening device for communication tower bolts of the present invention:

[0031] The interior of the locking through hole is provided with a thread, and the locking rod can be screwed into the locking through hole.

[0032] As a further optimization of the anti-loosening device for communication tower bolts of the present invention:

[0033] The peripheral side of the nut is provided with an edge parallel to the axial direction, and the inner wall of the locking cylinder is provided with a sliding groove matched with the edge.

[0034] As a further optimization of the anti-loosening device for communication tower bolts of the present invention:

[0035] The inner wall of the locking cylinder is provided with a patch, which is a hard sponge.

[0036] As a further optimization of the anti-loosening device for communication tower bolts of the present invention:

[0037] The bolt is also provided with a plurality of reinforcing through holes, which are arranged around the axis of the bolt and penetrate the bolt head and the bolt body;

[0038] The metal layer of the first gasket and the second gasket has a larger size than the cork layer;

[0039] The anti-loosening device also includes a reinforcing rod, which can be inserted into the reinforcing through hole. A stopper is provided at one end of the reinforcing rod, and the diameter of the stopper is larger than the diameter of the reinforcing through hole. A folding rod is hinged at the other end of the reinforcing rod, and the head end of the folding rod can be welded to the metal layer of the gasket.

[0040] As a further optimization of the anti-loosening device for communication tower bolts of the present invention:

[0041] The bolt head end face of the bolt is provided with a blind hole for the stopper to be embedded.

[0042] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: when the anti-loosening device of the present invention is used in the construction of a communication tower, after the bolts and nuts are tightened, the bolts and nuts can be respectively tightened to gaskets fixed on the tower, so that the bolts and nuts will not rotate, thus avoiding the problem of nuts being easy to loosen and fall off due to excessive and frequent vibrations, thereby ensuring the tightness and safety between the connecting parts of the communication tower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bolt in Example 1;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nut in Example 1;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-loosening device in the connected state in Example 1;

[0046] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bolt in Example 2;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bolt, nut and connecting tube in Example 2;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-loosening device in the connected state in Example 2;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-loosening device in the connected state in Example 3;

[0050] Markings in the figure: 1. Bolts; 101. Bolt head; 1011, locking through hole; 102, bolt body; 103, interlocking through holes; 104. Strengthen through holes; 2. Nut; 201, anti-retraction through hole; 3. Gasket assembly; 301, first gasket; 302, second gasket; 4. Locking screw; 5. Stop screw; 6. Interlocking rod; 7. Locking cylinder; 8. Strengthening rod; 9. Fold the pole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with embodiments, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a device for preventing loosening of bolts of a communication tower comprises a bolt 1 and a nut 2. The bolt 1 consists of a bolt head 101 and a bolt body 102.

[0054] The material of bolt 1 and nut 2 can be carbon steel or alloy steel. Carbon steel such as Q235, Q345, etc. has good mechanical properties and processing properties, and the cost is relatively low. Among them, bolts made of Q235 material are suitable for tower connections under general environmental and load conditions; bolts made of Q345 material have higher strength and can adapt to harsher environments and greater loads. Alloy steel improves the strength, toughness and corrosion resistance of bolts by adding alloy elements (such as chromium, molybdenum, nickel, etc.). For example, high-strength bolts made of 20MnTiB alloy steel have higher strength and better comprehensive performance. They are used in tower structures with extremely high requirements for bolt performance, which can effectively improve the service life and reliability of towers.

[0055] The anti-loosening device also includes a gasket assembly 3, a locking screw 4 and a stop screw 5. The gasket assembly 3 includes a first gasket 301 used in conjunction with the bolt 1 and a second gasket 302 used in conjunction with the nut 2. The first gasket 301 and the second gasket 302 are both double-layer structures, both including a metal layer and a cork layer.

[0056] The material of the metal layer can be carbon steel, such as Q235 carbon steel gasket, which has good strength and toughness, can withstand certain pressure and load, and has relatively low cost. Another example is 45# steel and other medium carbon steel. After proper heat treatment, its strength and hardness are higher than ordinary carbon steel, and it can be used for bolted joints that withstand greater pressure and load.

[0057] The cork layer is made of cork oak or spruce, and the metal layer and the cork layer are bonded together by epoxy glue, acrylic glue or polyurethane glue.

[0058] The cork layer is made of cork oak or spruce because both are cork, which is more conducive to the insertion of the locking screw 4 and the stop screw 5 during the construction process.

[0059] The bolt head 101 is provided with at least two locking through holes 1011 , and the axial direction of the locking through holes 1011 is parallel to the axial direction of the bolt body 102 . The nut 2 is provided with at least two withdrawal-stopping through holes 201 , and the axial direction of the withdrawal-stopping through holes 201 is parallel to the axial direction of the bolt body 102 .

[0060] The locking screw 4 is composed of an integrally formed screw head and a screw body, and the head end of the screw body is a pointed head with a thread. The backstop screw 5 is composed of an integrally formed screw head and a screw body, and the head end of the screw body is a pointed head with a thread.

[0061] That is to say, the locking screw 4 and the back-off screw 5 are both self-tapping screws, which are pointed, coarse-threaded, and hard screws. They can "tap, drill, squeeze, and press" the corresponding threads on the consolidated material by relying on their own threads, so that they can fit closely together, and drilling, tapping, fixing, and locking can be completed at one time.

[0062] The screw body of the locking screw 4 is provided with a non-threaded smooth section, which extends from the screw head end to the pointed end, and the length of the non-threaded smooth section is greater than the thickness of the bolt head 101. The screw body of the back-off screw 5 is provided with a non-threaded smooth section, which extends from the screw head end to the pointed end, and the length of the non-threaded smooth section is greater than the thickness of the nut 2.

[0063] The outer diameter of the non-threaded smooth section of the locking screw 4 differs from the inner diameter of the locking through hole 1011 by 0.1 mm, and the outer diameter of the non-threaded smooth section of the stop screw 5 differs from the inner diameter of the stop through hole 201 by 0.1 mm.

[0064] Before construction, the connecting hole of the iron tower to be connected is first fixed to the connecting piece by welding or bonding, and then the connecting piece is fastened by bolts 1 and nuts 2. After the above connection is completed, the locking screw 4 is inserted into the locking through hole 1011 and force is applied to make the head end of the locking screw 4 screw into the cork layer of the first gasket 301. The first gasket 301 is fixed to the iron tower connecting piece, and the locking screw 4 is fixed to the first gasket 301. Under the action of the locking screw 4, loosening caused by excessive and frequent vibration can be avoided. The stop screw 5 is inserted into the stop through hole 201 and force is applied to make the head end of the stop screw 5 screw into the cork layer of the first gasket 301. The second gasket 302 is fixed to the iron tower connecting piece, and the stop screw 5 is fixed to the second gasket 302. Under the action of the stop screw 5, loosening caused by excessive and frequent vibration can be avoided.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] like Figure 4 and 5As shown: a loosening prevention device for communication tower bolts, the loosening prevention device of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:

[0067] The bolt 1 is also provided with a plurality of interlocking through holes 103 . The plurality of interlocking through holes 103 are arranged around the axis of the bolt 1 , and the interlocking through holes 103 penetrate the bolt head 101 and the bolt body 102 .

[0068] At the same time, the anti-loosening device also includes a locking component, which includes a locking rod 6 and a locking cylinder 7. The locking rod 6 can be inserted into the locking through hole 103. The interior of the locking through hole 103 is provided with a thread, and the locking rod 6 can be screwed into the locking through hole 103. Such a design can prevent the locking rod 6 from escaping from the locking through hole 103 after installation.

[0069] The locking cylinder 7 is a cylinder with one end open and the other end closed. The closed end of the locking cylinder 7 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the number and position of the locking rod 6, and the locking cylinder 7 can be sleeved on the nut 2, and the locking cylinder 7 and the nut 2 will not rotate relative to each other. Specifically, the peripheral side of the nut 2 is provided with an axially parallel ridge, and the inner wall of the locking cylinder 7 is provided with a chute that matches the ridge. Through the cooperation of the ridge and the chute, the locking cylinder 7 can be sleeved on the nut 2, and the locking cylinder 7 and the nut 2 will not rotate relative to each other. In order to prevent the locking cylinder 7 from coming off the nut 2 after installation, a patch is provided on the inner wall of the locking cylinder 7, and the patch is a hard sponge. During the installation process, the hard sponge will be squeezed and increase the friction between the locking cylinder 7 and the nut 2, thereby preventing the locking cylinder 7 from coming off the nut 2 after installation.

[0070] When the locking cylinder 7 is installed in place, the locking rod 6 passes through the through hole on the locking cylinder 7. Since the locking cylinder 7 will not rotate relative to the nut 2, the movement of the locking rod 6 is restricted, further preventing the bolt from loosening.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] like Figure 6 As shown: a loosening prevention device for communication tower bolts, the loosening prevention device of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:

[0073] The bolt 1 is also provided with two reinforcement through holes 104 . The two reinforcement through holes 104 are arranged around the axis of the bolt 1 , and the reinforcement through holes 104 penetrate the bolt head 101 and the bolt body 102 .

[0074] The anti-loosening device also includes a reinforcing rod 8, which can be inserted into the reinforcing through hole 104. A stopper is provided at one end of the reinforcing rod 8, and a blind hole is provided on the end face of the bolt head 101 of the bolt 1 for the stopper to be embedded. The diameter of the stopper is larger than the diameter of the reinforcing through hole 104, a folding rod 9 is hinged at the other end of the reinforcing rod 8, the metal layer size of the first gasket 301 and the second gasket 302 is larger than the cork layer, and the head end of the folding rod 9 can be welded to the metal layer of the gasket.

[0075] Since the two folding rods 9 are fixed on the gasket, they will not rotate or move, thus further preventing the bolts from loosening.

[0076] When the anti-loosening device of the present invention is used in the construction of a communication tower, after the bolts and nuts are tightened, the bolts and nuts can be respectively tightened to gaskets fixed on the tower, so that the bolts and nuts will not rotate, avoiding the problem of nuts being easy to loosen and fall off due to excessive and frequent vibrations, thereby ensuring the tightness and safety between the connecting parts of the communication tower.

[0077] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art may make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preventing bolts from loosening on a communication tower, comprising a bolt (1) and a nut (2), wherein the bolt (1) is composed of a bolt head (101) and a bolt body (102), and characterized in that: The anti-loosening device also includes a gasket assembly (3), a locking screw (4) and a stop screw (5); The gasket assembly (3) comprises a first gasket (301) used in conjunction with the bolt (1) and a second gasket (302) used in conjunction with the nut (2); the first gasket (301) and the second gasket (302) are both double-layer structures, each comprising a metal layer and a cork layer; The bolt head (101) is provided with at least two locking through holes (1011), the axial direction of the locking through holes (1011) is parallel to the axial direction of the bolt body (102), and the nut (2) is provided with at least two withdrawal-stopping through holes (201), the axial direction of the withdrawal-stopping through holes (201) is parallel to the axial direction of the bolt body (102); The locking screw (4) is composed of an integrally formed screw head and a screw body, and the head end of the screw body is a pointed head with a thread; The stop screw (5) is composed of an integrally formed screw head and a screw body, and the head end of the screw body is a pointed head with threads.

2. A device for preventing bolts from loosening in a communication tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The metal layer is a carbon steel layer or a nickel alloy layer, the cork layer is made of cork oak or spruce, and the metal layer and the cork layer are bonded together by epoxy glue, acrylic glue or polyurethane glue.

3. A device for preventing bolts from loosening in a communication tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The screw body of the locking screw (4) is provided with a non-threaded smooth section, the non-threaded smooth section extends from the screw head end to the pointed end, and the length of the non-threaded smooth section is greater than the thickness of the bolt head (101); the screw body of the stop screw (5) is provided with a non-threaded smooth section, the non-threaded smooth section extends from the screw head end to the pointed end, and the length of the non-threaded smooth section is greater than the thickness of the nut (2).

4. A device for preventing bolts from loosening in a communication tower as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the non-threaded smooth section of the locking screw (4) differs from the inner diameter of the locking through hole (1011) by 0.1 mm, and the outer diameter of the non-threaded smooth section of the stop screw (5) differs from the inner diameter of the stop through hole (201) by 0.1 mm.

5. The anti-loosening device for communication tower bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt (1) is also provided with a plurality of interlocking through holes (103), the plurality of interlocking through holes (103) being arranged around the axis of the bolt (1), and the interlocking through holes (103) being arranged through the bolt head (101) and the bolt body (102); The anti-loosening device also includes a locking assembly, which includes a locking rod (6) and a locking cylinder (7). The locking rod (6) can be inserted into the locking through hole (103), and the locking cylinder (7) is a cylinder with one end open and the other end closed. The closed end of the locking cylinder (7) is provided with through holes corresponding to the number and position of the locking rod (6); the locking cylinder (7) can be sleeved on the nut (2), and the locking cylinder (7) and the nut (2) will not rotate relative to each other.

6. A device for preventing bolts from loosening in a communication tower as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The locking through hole (103) is provided with a thread inside, and the locking rod (6) can be screwed into the locking through hole (103).

7. The anti-loosening device for communication tower bolts as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The nut (2) is provided with an edge parallel to the axial direction on its peripheral side, and the inner wall of the locking cylinder (7) is provided with a sliding groove matching the edge.

8. The anti-loosening device for bolts of a communication tower as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the locking cylinder (7) is provided with a patch, which is a hard sponge.

9. The anti-loosening device for communication tower bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt (1) is also provided with a plurality of reinforcing through holes (104), the plurality of reinforcing through holes (104) being arranged around the axis of the bolt (1), and the reinforcing through holes (104) penetrating the bolt head (101) and the bolt body (102); The metal layer of the first gasket (301) and the second gasket (302) is larger than the cork layer; The anti-loosening device also includes a reinforcing rod (8), which can be inserted into the reinforcing through hole (104), one end of the reinforcing rod (8) is provided with a stopper, the diameter of the stopper is larger than the diameter of the reinforcing through hole (104), and the other end of the reinforcing rod (8) is hinged with a folding rod (9), the head end of the folding rod (9) can be welded to the metal layer of the gasket.

10. The anti-loosening device for bolts of a communication tower as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The end surface of the bolt head (101) of the bolt (1) is provided with a blind hole into which a stopper can be embedded.

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