Bolt axial force monitoring device

Abstract

The invention discloses a bolt axial force monitoring device, and relates to the technical field of bolt axial force monitoring, and the bolt axial force monitoring device comprises a monitoring assembly which comprises sensing probes for collecting bolt axial force information, a transmission cable for connecting two adjacent sensing probes in series, and a central processor for analyzing and processing the bolt axial force information; the folding and unfolding assembly comprises an annular frame, a guide rail perpendicular to the annular frame and a sliding piece arranged along the guide rail in a sliding mode. By arranging the stretching and retracting assembly, the transmission cable is tidied, so that the transmission cable is kept tidy, the field disorder is avoided, and the aesthetic property after installation is ensured while the requirement of different measuring point intervals can be met; by means of cooperation of a flower-shaped disc, a limiting insertion rod and the like, the sliding piece can be fixed, the tensioning state of the transmission cable can be maintained when the transmission cable is not used, the situation is prevented from occurring in the carrying process, and the transmission cable can be pulled out and taken back more smoothly and runs stably and smoothly when the transmission cable is used.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bolt axial force monitoring, and in particular to a bolt axial force monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] The total installed capacity of the mixed flow turbine generator set is 3000MW. The key parts such as the top cover, control ring, volute inlet door, tailwater inlet door, etc. are all connected by bolts. The reliability of the pressure bolts is related to the safe operation of the entire unit.

[0003] At present, the detection of pressure bolts is mainly carried out by manual re-inspection in an offline state. On the one hand, it is difficult to implement, especially for important pressure bolts with large preload and narrow installation space; on the other hand, the coverage of manual inspection is low, and it is easy to miss inspections. Especially for the important connection parts of the top cover seat ring connecting bolts, if the bolts at this part are loose, fail or even break, it will cause major accidents, such as component damage, flooding of the plant or power outage of the whole plant, and even casualties. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] In view of the above problems existing in the existing bolt axial force monitoring device, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a bolt axial force monitoring device, comprising: a monitoring component, including a sensor probe for collecting bolt axial force information, a transmission cable connecting two adjacent sensor probes in series, and a central processing unit for analyzing and processing the bolt axial force information; and a retracting and expanding component, including a ring frame, a guide rail arranged perpendicular to the ring frame, and a sliding member sliding along the guide rail; wherein the longitudinal section of the guide rail is U-shaped, the sliding member is arranged in a groove of the guide rail and can slide along the guide rail, winding rods are evenly arranged along the end surface of the ring frame, the guide rail is arranged between two adjacent winding rods, and the sliding member is provided with a rolling wheel for retracting and expanding the transmission cable.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the bolt axial force monitoring device described in the present invention, wherein: the sliding member is provided with a stepped column groove, a hollow cylinder is movably arranged in the column groove, one end of the hollow cylinder extends out of the column groove and is connected to a protective frame, the protective frame is a rectangular open frame, a positioning shaft assembled with a rolling wheel is arranged in the middle of the protective frame, and wire inlets are arranged at both ends of the protective frame.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the bolt axial force monitoring device described in the present invention, wherein: the transmission cable passes through the cable inlet and contacts the outer peripheral surface of the rolling wheel, a spring telescopic column is provided at the cable inlet, and an inclined surface is provided at the movable end of the spring telescopic column and on the side away from the rolling wheel.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the bolt axial force monitoring device described in the present invention, wherein: limiting grooves are arranged on both sides of the relatively arranged groove of the guide rail, the sliding member is provided with two symmetrically arranged sliding holes that can connect the limiting grooves and the column grooves, a limiting rod is slidably arranged in the sliding hole, one end of the limiting rod can be embedded in any limiting groove arranged on the inner side wall of the guide rail, and the other end of the limiting rod extends into the column groove.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the bolt axial force monitoring device described in the present invention, a flower-shaped disk is provided at the other end of the hollow cylinder, one end of the limiting rod extending into the column groove is fitted with the outer circumferential surface of the flower-shaped disk, and the part of the limiting rod extending into the column groove is sleeved with a first spring, and one end of the first spring is against the side wall of the column groove.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the bolt axial force monitoring device described in the present invention, wherein: the flower-shaped disk includes a first arc surface and a second arc surface which are arranged coaxially with the hollow cylinder and distributed alternately in sequence, and a transition arc surface connecting the first arc surface and the second arc surface; wherein the diameter of the first arc surface is greater than the diameter of the second arc surface.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the bolt axial force monitoring device described in the present invention, wherein: the bottom end of the sliding member is provided with a guide groove that penetrates the column groove, a sliding plate is provided in the guide groove, a ball is movably connected to the sliding plate, and the ball can roll and fit with the bottom surface of the groove of the guide rail.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the bolt axial force monitoring device of the present invention, a lifting cylinder is arranged in the hollow cylinder, the lifting cylinder can slide relatively along the axial direction of the hollow cylinder, and a connecting rod is arranged between the sliding plate and the lifting cylinder.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the bolt axial force monitoring device described in the present invention, wherein: the top end of the lifting cylinder is sealed and a second spring is arranged between the lifting cylinder and the protective frame, the bottom end of the lifting cylinder is provided with a continuous corrugated surface, the bottom end of the hollow cylinder is movably connected with a lifting wheel, and the outer peripheral surface of the lifting wheel is against the corrugated surface.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the bolt axial force monitoring device described in the present invention, the number of crests and troughs of the first arc surface, the second arc surface, and the corrugated surface is the same and is an even number, and the trough of the corrugated surface is opposite to the first arc surface, and the crest of the corrugated surface is opposite to the second arc surface.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by setting up the retracting and stretching components, the transmission cables are organized, and when the requirements of the spacing between different measuring points are met, the transmission cables are kept neat, clutter on site is avoided, and aesthetics after installation is ensured; the sliding parts can be fixed by means of the cooperation of the flower-shaped disk, the limit plug rod, etc., and the tensioned state of the transmission cable can be maintained when not in use to prevent problems during carrying, and when in use, the pulling out and retracting of the transmission cable can be smoother, and the operation is stable and smooth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the collecting component in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when monitoring the entry of a door bolt group.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide rail and the sliding member in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide rail in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding member in the present invention.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the sliding member in the present invention.

[0027] Fig.10 It is a front cross-sectional view of the sliding member in the present invention.

[0028] Fig.11 It is a front cross-sectional view of the hollow cylinder and the protective frame of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.12 It is a top view of the hollow cylinder and the flower-shaped disk of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0033] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 5 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a bolt axial force monitoring device, including a monitoring component 100; specifically, the monitoring component 100 includes a sensor probe 101 for collecting bolt axial force information, a transmission cable 102 connecting two adjacent sensor probes 101 in series, and a central processing unit 103 for analyzing and processing the bolt axial force information.

[0036] The sensor probe 101 is placed on the head or tail end face of the bolt. Before installation, the head or tail end face of the bolt to be tested needs to be polished to keep the end face straight; when connecting, liquid glue is usually used for bonding, or nuts suitable for the bolt are installed for fixing.

[0037] Furthermore, the sensor probe 101 usually uses one of ultrasonic sensors, pressure sensors, magnetic sensors, angle sensors, or a combination of composite sensors, preferably ultrasonic sensors. This type of sensor is based on the acoustic elasticity principle of metal materials, does not affect the original connection structure, and is a non-destructive testing method. Its principle: along the axial direction of the bolt, the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave in the bolt changes linearly with the axial tensile stress and temperature of the bolt. The directly measured quantity is the round-trip propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in the axial direction of the bolt. Through experimental calibration of the relevant characteristic coefficients, the relationship between the bolt axial force and the ultrasonic round-trip transmission time is established, thereby realizing the online monitoring of the bolt axial force; that is, the bolt axial force is calculated by measuring the propagation time of the ultrasonic pulse electrical signal.

[0038] Specifically, the technology of monitoring the axial force of the bolt by the ultrasonic sensor mainly includes transmitting and receiving ultrasonic pulse electrical signals, and measuring the time difference between the transmitted and echoed electrical signals, i.e., the acoustic time difference, so as to measure the assembly tightening axial force (clamping force) and preload force of the bolt in real time. The measured time difference information between the transmitted and echoed electrical signals is transmitted to the central processor 103 in the form of electrical signals through the transmission cable 102 for processing and analysis, and is displayed to the operation and maintenance personnel in the form of digital images on a mobile terminal device with a display screen. The central processor 103 and the mobile terminal device can communicate with each other, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can know the real-time status of the bolt through the monitoring of the sensor probe 101. Among them, the hardware of the sensor probe 101, the central processor 103 and the mobile terminal device and the software and programs for related processing and analysis of data are all existing technologies and can be directly purchased on the market.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Reference Figure 2 to Figure 4 and Figure 6 to Figure 12 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the bolt axial force monitoring device further includes a retracting component 200 for arranging the transmission cable 102 .

[0041] According to the provisions of 5.4 Principles of Measurement Point Arrangement of the Technical Regulations for Online Monitoring of Bolt Stress in Hydropower Engineering: "The number of measurement points for online monitoring of the bolt group of the structural connector should be 1 / 10 to 1 / 2 of the number of bolts in the group, and should be arranged symmetrically along the center line of the bolt group. In actual monitoring, the measurement point group is usually arranged with 1 to 2 bolts apart. In the present invention, the bolts of the measurement point group are synchronously monitored in real time. Two adjacent monitoring sensor probes 101 are connected in series through a transmission cable 102. According to the different distances between the measurement points, the length of the transmission cable 102 varies, generally 10 cm to 30 cm. In the present invention, 30 cm is selected to meet the use requirements of different distances between measurement points. In order to avoid the transmission cable 102 being dragged too long after the installation of the short measurement point, and the site being messy, the retracting assembly 200 is designed.

[0042] Furthermore, the winding and retracting assembly 200 includes a ring frame 201, a guide rail 202 arranged perpendicular to the ring frame 201, and a sliding member 203 slidably arranged along the guide rail 202; wherein the longitudinal section of the guide rail 202 is U-shaped, the sliding member 203 is arranged in a groove of the guide rail 202 and can slide along the guide rail 202, winding rods 204 are evenly arranged along the end surface of the ring frame 201, the guide rail 202 is arranged between two adjacent winding rods 204, and a rolling wheel 205 for winding and retracting the transmission cable 102 is provided on the sliding member 203.

[0043] Specifically, the guide rail 202 is a linear guide rail 202 and is arranged vertically along the extension direction of the ring frame 201. The sliding member 203 is initially arranged at one end of the guide rail 202 and can move along the guide rail 202 toward the other end thereof. An elastic member arranged parallel to the guide rail 202 is arranged on the side to which the sliding member 203 moves. The elastic member is preferably a spring, which can be synchronously compressed as the sliding member 203 moves, so as to push the sliding member 203 to reset. The sliding members 203 on two adjacent guide rails 202 are staggered. During installation, the middle part of the transmission cable 102 between two adjacent sensor probes 101 is wound around the winding rod 204 for at least one circle and passes through the arranged rolling wheels 205 in sequence. After installation, the transmission cable 102 is tensioned between the plurality of rolling wheels 205 in a corrugated shape.

[0044] Furthermore, the sliding member 203 is provided with a stepped column groove 203a, in which a hollow cylinder 206 is movably provided, one end of the hollow cylinder 206 extends to the outside of the column groove 203a and is connected to a protective frame 207, the protective frame 207 is a rectangular open frame, a positioning shaft 208 assembled with the rolling wheel 205 is provided in the middle of the protective frame 207, and wire inlets 207a are provided at both ends of the protective frame 207.

[0045] Specifically, the transmission cable 102 passes through the wire inlet 207a and contacts the outer peripheral surface of the rolling wheel 205. A spring telescopic column 209 is provided at the wire inlet 207a. The spring telescopic column 209 is used to close the wire inlet 207a. The spring telescopic column 209 can be retracted to expand the wire inlet 207a to facilitate the passage of the transmission cable 102. The movable end of the spring telescopic column 209 and the side away from the rolling wheel 205 are provided with an inclined surface, so as to make it easier for the transmission cable 102 to enter and prevent the transmission cable 102 from escaping.

[0046] Furthermore, limiting grooves 202a are arranged on both sides of the relatively arranged grooves of the guide rail 202, and the sliding member 203 is provided with two sliding holes 203b which are symmetrically arranged and can connect the limiting grooves 202a and the column grooves 203a. A limiting rod 210 is slidably arranged in the sliding holes 203b, and one end of the limiting rod 210 can be embedded in any limiting groove 202a arranged on the inner side wall of the guide rail 202, and the other end of the limiting rod 210 extends into the column groove 203a.

[0047] Furthermore, a flower-shaped disk 211 is provided at the other end of the hollow cylinder 206, and one end of the limiting rod 210 extending into the column groove 203a is fitted with the outer peripheral surface of the flower-shaped disk 211, and the part of the limiting rod 210 extending into the column groove 203a is sleeved with a first spring 212, and one end of the first spring 212 is abutted against the side wall of the column groove 203a, and the first spring 212 can extend and retract as the limiting rod 210 slides.

[0048] Specifically, the flower-shaped disk 211 includes a first arc surface 211a and a second arc surface 211b which are coaxially arranged with the hollow cylinder 206 and are alternately distributed in sequence, and a transition arc surface 211c connecting the first arc surface 211a and the second arc surface 211b; wherein the diameter of the first arc surface 211a is greater than the diameter of the second arc surface 211b.

[0049] In summary, when in use, the ring frame 201 is fixed on the test piece equipped with the monitoring bolt group by any method such as gluing, bolting, welding, adding a magnet machine for magnetic fixation, etc., and the transmission cable 102 is fixed by winding the middle part of the transmission cable 102 around the winding rod 204 for at least one circle, and the two movable ends of the transmission cable 102 are successively wound around the rolling wheels 205 on the corresponding side, and the rolling wheels 205 are arranged in a staggered manner on the arranged guide rails 202, so that the wound transmission cable 102 is wound in a wavy manner. Furthermore, when the bolt axial force needs to be monitored, it is only necessary to pull the sensor probe 101 to stretch the transmission cable 102. The rolling wheel 205 is subjected to the tension to drive the sliding member 203 to move toward the other end of the guide rail 202, and under the thrust of the elastic member, it still maintains the tension state to meet the use requirements of different measuring point spacings and maintain the aesthetics of the sensor probe 101 after installation. At the same time, for monitoring bolts such as the volute entry door and the tailwater pipe entry door, the cables are kept tidy, which can solve the problem that messy cables may affect the opening and closing of the entry door. At the same time, after monitoring, the elastic member is used to push the sliding member 203 to reset, so that the transmission cable 102 is automatically retracted, and then the sensor probe 101 connected in series through the transmission cable 102 is also quickly hung on the ring frame 201, which is convenient for subsequent rapid recovery.

[0050] Furthermore, the slide 203 is fixed by the cooperation of the flower-shaped disc 211, the limiting rod 210 and the limiting groove 202a. Specifically, when the slide 203 needs to be fixed, the hollow cylinder 206 and the flower-shaped disc 211 are driven to rotate synchronously by rotating the protective frame 207 (the protective frame 207 acts as a knob). Initially, one end of the limiting rod 210 abuts against the second arc surface 211b of the flower-shaped disc 211. As the flower-shaped disc 211 rotates, the limiting rod 210 faces the first arc surface 211a, that is, the limiting rod 210 is pushed so that the other end thereof extends out and is embedded in the limiting groove 202a, thereby fixing the slide 203. With such a configuration, when not in use, the slide 203 can be fixed to the end of the guide rail 202 to keep the transmission cable 102 in a tensioned state, and prevent the transmission cable 102 from being detached due to the phenomenon of swinging during the carrying process. At the same time, the staggered sliding members 203 can be arranged in the form of "fixed-movable-fixed", so that when in use, only the movable sliding member 203 will slide due to the pulling force of the transmission cable 102 (and the sliding direction is close to the fixed sliding member 203), rather than the sliding members 203 at both ends sliding toward the center synchronously, and only one side of the sliding member 203 is controlled to slide, so that the transmission cable 102 can be pulled out and retracted more smoothly, and the entire operation process is smoother and smoother.

[0051] The remaining structures are the same as those of Example 1.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] Reference Figures 9 to 12 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that: a guide groove 203c that penetrates the column groove 203a is provided at the bottom end of the sliding member 203, and a sliding plate 218 is provided in the guide groove 203c. The sliding plate 218 can slide and rise and fall in the guide groove 203c. At the same time, the guide groove 203c also plays a circumferential limit role for the sliding plate 218 to prevent the sliding plate 218 from rotating during the lifting process. A ball 213 is movably connected to the sliding plate 218, and the ball 213 can roll and fit with the bottom surface of the groove of the guide rail 202. When fitting, the ball 213 rolls on the bottom surface of the groove of the guide rail 202, with low friction, so that the sliding member 203 slides more smoothly.

[0054] Furthermore, a lifting cylinder 214 is provided in the hollow cylinder 206, and the lifting cylinder 214 can slide relatively along the axial direction of the hollow cylinder 206. A connecting rod 215 is provided between the sliding plate 218 and the lifting cylinder 214, that is, the sliding plate 218 is driven to rise and fall by controlling the lifting cylinder 214, thereby controlling the ball 213 to fit or separate from the bottom surface of the groove of the guide rail 202.

[0055] Furthermore, the top end of the lifting cylinder 214 is sealed and a second spring 216 is provided between the protective frame 207, the bottom end of the lifting cylinder 214 is provided with a continuous corrugated surface w, and the bottom end of the hollow cylinder 206 is movably connected with a lifting wheel 217, the outer peripheral surface of the lifting wheel 217 is in contact with the corrugated surface w, and when the ball 213 is in contact with the bottom surface of the groove of the guide rail 202, the lifting wheel 217 is located at the peak w1 of the corrugated surface w.

[0056] Specifically, the number of crests w1 and troughs w2 of the first arc surface 211a, the second arc surface 211b, and the corrugated surface w is the same and is an even number, and the troughs w2 of the corrugated surface w are opposite to the first arc surface 211a, and the crests w1 of the corrugated surface w are opposite to the second arc surface 211b. When the flower-shaped disk 211 rotates to the point where the first arc surface 211a is opposite to the limiting plug rod 210, the lifting wheel 217 is driven to rotate to the trough w2 of the corrugated surface w, thereby lifting the lifting cylinder 214, and further driving the sliding plate 218 to rise, so that the ball 213 is separated from the bottom surface of the groove of the guide rail 202. With such a configuration, when the sliding member 203 is locked, the ball 213 is separated from the guide rail 202, and when the sliding member 203 is not locked, the ball 213 is fitted with the guide rail 202, thereby improving the smoothness of the sliding.

[0057] The remaining structure is the same as that of Example 2.

[0058] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a plurality of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, and parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), installation arrangement, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element can be changed or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure of performing the function described herein, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other replacements, modifications, changes and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to numerous modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0059] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0060] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure without undue experimentation.

[0061] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bolt axial force monitoring device, characterized in that: include, A monitoring component (100) comprises a sensor probe (101) for collecting bolt axial force information, a transmission cable (102) connecting two adjacent sensor probes (101) in series, and a central processing unit (103) for analyzing and processing the bolt axial force information; and, A winding and expansion assembly (200) comprises a ring frame (201), a guide rail (202) arranged perpendicular to the ring frame (201), and a sliding member (203) slidably arranged along the guide rail (202); wherein the longitudinal section of the guide rail (202) is U-shaped, the sliding member (203) is arranged in a groove of the guide rail (202) and can slide along the guide rail (202), winding rods (204) are evenly arranged along the end surface of the ring frame (201), the guide rail (202) is arranged between two adjacent winding rods (204), and a rolling wheel (205) for winding and expanding a transmission cable (102) is arranged on the sliding member (203).

2. The bolt axial force monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding member (203) is provided with a stepped column groove (203a), a hollow cylinder (206) is movably provided in the column groove (203a), one end of the hollow cylinder (206) extends outside the column groove (203a) and is connected to a protective frame (207), the protective frame (207) is a rectangular open frame, a positioning shaft (208) assembled with a rolling wheel (205) is provided in the middle of the protective frame (207), and wire inlets (207a) are provided at both ends of the protective frame (207).

3. The bolt axial force monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission cable (102) passes through the line inlet (207a) and contacts the outer peripheral surface of the rolling wheel (205); a spring telescopic column (209) is provided at the line inlet (207a); and a slope is provided at the movable end of the spring telescopic column (209) and on the side facing away from the rolling wheel (205).

4. The bolt axial force monitoring device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: Limiting grooves (202a) are arranged on both sides of the groove of the guide rail (202) that are arranged opposite to each other, and the sliding member (203) is provided with two sliding holes (203b) that are symmetrically arranged and can connect the limiting grooves (202a) and the column groove (203a). A limiting plug rod (210) is slidably arranged in the sliding hole (203b), and one end of the limiting plug rod (210) can be embedded in any limiting groove (202a) arranged on the inner side wall of the guide rail (202), and the other end of the limiting plug rod (210) extends into the column groove (203a).

5. The bolt axial force monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A flower-shaped disc (211) is provided at the other end of the hollow cylinder (206); one end of the limiting rod (210) extending into the column groove (203a) is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the flower-shaped disc (211); and the portion of the limiting rod (210) extending into the column groove (203a) is sleeved with a first spring (212); one end of the first spring (212) is in contact with the side wall of the column groove (203a).

6. The bolt axial force monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flower-shaped disk (211) comprises a first arc surface (211a) and a second arc surface (211b) which are coaxially arranged with the hollow cylinder (206) and are distributed alternately in sequence, and a transition arc surface (211c) connecting the first arc surface (211a) and the second arc surface (211b); wherein the diameter of the first arc surface (211a) is greater than the diameter of the second arc surface (211b).

7. The bolt axial force monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom end of the sliding member (203) is provided with a guide groove (203c) which is connected with the column groove (203a), and a sliding plate (218) is provided in the guide groove (203c). A ball bearing (213) is movably connected to the sliding plate (218), and the ball bearing (213) can roll and fit with the bottom surface of the groove of the guide rail (202).

8. The bolt axial force monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A lifting cylinder (214) is arranged inside the hollow cylinder (206), and the lifting cylinder (214) can slide relatively along the axial direction of the hollow cylinder (206), and a connecting rod (215) is arranged between the sliding plate (218) and the lifting cylinder (214).

9. The bolt axial force monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top end of the lifting cylinder (214) is sealed and a second spring (216) is arranged between the lifting cylinder (214) and the protective frame (207); the bottom end of the lifting cylinder (214) is provided with a continuous corrugated surface (w); the bottom end of the hollow cylinder (206) is movably connected with a lifting wheel (217), and the outer peripheral surface of the lifting wheel (217) is in contact with the corrugated surface (w).

10. The bolt axial force monitoring device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The first curved surface (211a), the second curved surface (211b), and the number of wave crests (w1) and wave troughs (w2) of the corrugated surface (w) are the same and are all even numbers, and the wave troughs (w2) of the corrugated surface (w) are directly opposite to the first curved surface (211a), and the wave crests (w1) of the corrugated surface (w) are directly opposite to the second curved surface (211b).

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