Bolt defect detection device and bolt defect detection test block

Abstract

The invention discloses a bolt defect detection device and a bolt defect detection test block. The device comprises a detection rod, at least two detection probes, a connecting assembly, a sleeve and an auxiliary assembly, the connecting assembly comprises a common end and at least two connecting ends, the common end of the connecting assembly is connected with the first end of the detection rod, and the connecting ends of the connecting assembly are respectively connected with the detection probe; the sleeve is arranged at the end part of the first end of the detection rod in a sleeving manner, and the sleeve is used for adjusting the opening and closing angle between the connecting ends of the connecting assembly, so that the detection probe is attached to the inner wall of the to-be-detected bolt; the second end of the detection rod is connected with the auxiliary assembly; the auxiliary assembly is connected with the end part of the to-be-detected bolt; the auxiliary assembly is used for adjusting lifting and rotation of the detection rod so as to adjust the detection position of the probe. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, defect detection can be carried out on the bolt under the condition that the bolt is not disassembled, and the bolt defect detection efficiency is remarkably improved while the bolt defect detection cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bolt detection, and in particular to a bolt defect detection device and a bolt defect detection test block. Background Art

[0002] Bolts are a type of fastener that mainly serves the purpose of fastening and sealing connections. However, bolts often work under various complex and harsh working conditions and are prone to fatigue defects during use.

[0003] At present, the commonly used phased array ultrasonic detection of bolt defects mainly places the phased array probe on the surface of the bolt outer wall polished rod for transverse wave fan scanning detection. The probe moves along the outer circumference of the bolt outer wall polished rod and scans around the bolt for detection. For in-service bolts that are inconvenient to take out, if the exposed end face is a circular plane, a longitudinal wave fan scanning detection can be performed on the bolt end face. However, for reverse-loaded through-hole flexible bolts such as the turbine cylinder or valve body of a thermal power plant, the bolt is a flexible bolt that is thick at both ends and thin in the middle. The bolt has a center hole that runs through the top and bottom, and the two ends of the bolt have threads on the outside. The top of the bolt has an external nut, and the bottom of the bolt is placed inside the cylinder or valve body, which is invisible. It is difficult to detect defects with conventional detection probes. The bolt needs to be disassembled for detection, which has high detection costs and low detection efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a bolt defect detection device and a bolt defect detection test block, so as to reduce the cost of bolt defect detection and improve the efficiency of bolt defect detection.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bolt defect detection device, comprising: a detection rod, at least two detection probes, a connection assembly, a sleeve and an auxiliary assembly;

[0006] The connecting assembly comprises a common end and at least two connecting ends, the common end of the connecting assembly is connected to the first end of the detection rod, and the connecting ends of the connecting assembly are respectively connected to the detection probes;

[0007] The sleeve is sleeved on the end of the first end of the detection rod, and the sleeve is used to adjust the opening and closing angle between the connection ends of the connection assembly so that the detection probe fits the inner wall of the bolt to be detected;

[0008] The second end of the detection rod is connected to the auxiliary component, and the auxiliary component is connected to the end of the bolt to be detected; the auxiliary component is used to adjust the lifting and rotation of the detection rod to adjust the detection position of the probe.

[0009] Optionally, the connection assembly comprises an articulated joint, at least two connecting rods and a spring;

[0010] One end of the connecting rod is connected to the articulated joint, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the detection probe, and the articulated joint is also connected to the first end of the detection rod; the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to one end of the two connecting rods close to the articulated joint.

[0011] Optionally, the sleeve is sleeve-connected to the end portion of the first end of the detection rod through a thread, and the articulated joint and the first end of the connecting rod are located inside the sleeve.

[0012] Optionally, the auxiliary assembly includes: a base, a gasket, an L-shaped rod and a turntable;

[0013] One end of the L-shaped rod is connected to the base, and the other end of the L-shaped rod is connected to the surface of the turntable; a handle is provided on the surface of the turntable, and the handle is used to control the rotation of the turntable;

[0014] The edge of the rotating disk is slidably connected to the second end of the detection rod; the rotating disk rotates to drive the detection rod to move inside the bolt to be detected;

[0015] The gasket is provided with a detection hole and a fixing hole, the base is provided with a U-shaped groove and a fixing assembly, the detection rod passes through the detection hole and extends into the interior of the bolt to be detected; the fixing assembly is connected to the screw hole end face of the bolt to be detected through the U-shaped groove and the fixing hole.

[0016] Optionally, a positioning hole and a positioning component are provided on the L-shaped rod, and one end of the positioning component passes through the positioning hole and is disengaged from or in conflict with the disk surface of the turntable.

[0017] Optionally, the auxiliary component further includes a rotating kit, the detection rod passes through the rotating kit, and the rotating kit is used to control the rotation of the detection rod to drive the detection probe to rotate inside the bolt to be detected.

[0018] Optionally, the detection probe comprises: a wedge, a housing and a terminal;

[0019] The first end face of the wedge block is in contact with the inner wall of the bolt to be detected, and the second end face of the wedge block is connected to the shell; a multi-layer chip is encapsulated in the shell, one end of the terminal is connected to the chip through the shell, and the other end of the terminal is connected to the phased array ultrasonic detector.

[0020] Optionally, the detection probe includes a circumferential defect detection probe and an axial defect detection probe;

[0021] The sound beam plane emitted by the circumferential defect detection probe is perpendicular to the circumferential defect; the sound beam plane emitted by the axial defect detection probe forms a certain angle with the axial defect.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bolt defect detection test block, and the bolt defect detection test block is calibrated by using the bolt defect detection device according to any one of the first aspects;

[0023] The bolt defect detection test block includes at least three defect parts with different inner diameters, and the surface of the defect part with the same inner diameter includes at least three axial defects and at least three circumferential defects.

[0024] Optionally, at least three of the axial defects are located on the same circumferential surface, and at least three of the circumferential defects are located on the same circumferential surface, and the circumferential surface where the axial defects are located is different from the circumferential surface where the circumferential defects are located;

[0025] The axial defect depths within the same circumferential surface are different; the circumferential defect depths within the same circumferential surface are different.

[0026] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention adjusts the opening and closing degree of the connecting component through a sleeve so that the detection probe fits against the inner wall of the bolt to be detected, and controls the rotation of the detection rod and the distance of the detection rod extending into the bolt hole of the bolt to be detected through an auxiliary component, thereby adjusting the detection position of the detection probe. It is possible to perform defect detection on the bolt without disassembling the bolt, thereby reducing the cost of bolt defect detection and significantly improving the efficiency of bolt defect detection.

[0027] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a bolt defect detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of a connection assembly of a bolt defect detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the main structure of an auxiliary component of a bolt defect detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4A schematic side structural diagram of an auxiliary component of a bolt defect detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the top structure of an auxiliary component of a bolt defect detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the top view of a gasket of a bolt defect detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a detection probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of a circumferential defect detection probe during detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of an axial defect detection probe during detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the main structure of a bolt defect detection test block provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the side structure of a bolt defect detection test block provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the side view structure of another bolt defect detection test block provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.13 A schematic side structural diagram of another bolt defect detection test block provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0044] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of a bolt defect detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the bolt defect detection device includes: a detection rod 10, at least two detection probes 20, a connecting assembly 30, a sleeve 40 and an auxiliary assembly 50; the connecting assembly 30 includes a common end and at least two connecting ends, the common end of the connecting assembly 30 is connected to the first end of the detection rod 10, and the connecting ends of the connecting assembly 30 are respectively connected to the detection probe 20; the sleeve 40 is sleeved on the end of the first end of the detection rod 10, and the sleeve 40 is used to adjust the opening and closing angle between the connecting ends of the connecting assembly 30 so that the detection probe 20 fits with the inner wall of the bolt to be detected; the second end of the detection rod 10 is connected to the auxiliary assembly 50, and the auxiliary assembly 50 is connected to the end of the bolt to be detected; the auxiliary assembly 50 is used to adjust the lifting and rotation of the detection rod 10 to adjust the detection position of the probe 20.

[0045] Specifically, the bolt to be detected can be an inverted through-hole flexible bolt, which is a type of bolt with a bolt hole that passes through from top to bottom. The detection rod 10 can be a cylindrical screw. The first end of the detection rod 10 is connected to the common end of the connecting assembly 30. The movement of the detection rod 10 drives the connecting assembly 30 and the detection probe 20 to move inside the bolt hole of the bolt to be detected to change the detection position of the detection probe 20. The sleeve 40 can be a hollow cylindrical sleeve, and part of the inner wall of the sleeve 40 is sleeved and connected to the cylindrical outer wall of the first end of the detection rod 10, so that the common end of the connection assembly 30 is arranged in a cavity surrounded by another part of the inner wall of the sleeve 40. The sleeve 40 can move along the axial direction of the detection rod 10 to change the sleeve connection degree between the sleeve 40 and the detection rod 10 to adjust the opening and closing angle of the connecting end of the connection assembly 30, so that the detection probe 20 can fit the inner wall of the bolt to be detected. For example, as Figure 1As shown, the bolt defect detection device includes two detection probes 20, and the connecting component 30 includes two connection ends, and the two connection ends are respectively connected to the two detection probes 20. Before detection, the sleeve connection degree of the sleeve 40 can be adjusted according to the inner diameter of the bolt hole of the bolt to be detected, so that the two detection probes 20 can fit the inner wall of the bolt to be detected. The second end of the detection rod 10 is slidably connected to the auxiliary component 50, and the auxiliary component 50 can be fixed at the bolt hole of the bolt to be detected. During detection, the distance of the detection rod 10 extending into the bolt hole of the bolt to be detected can be adjusted by the auxiliary component 50, and the detection rod 10 can be rotated to adjust the position of the detection probe 20, so that the detection device can cover a larger detection area.

[0046] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention adjusts the opening and closing degree of the connecting component through a sleeve so that the detection probe fits against the inner wall of the bolt to be detected, fixes the detection device on the end face of the bolt to be detected through an auxiliary component, and controls the rotation of the detection rod and the distance of the detection rod extending into the bolt hole of the bolt to be detected to adjust the detection position of the detection probe. It is possible to perform defect detection on the bolt without disassembling the bolt, thereby reducing the cost of bolt defect detection and significantly improving the efficiency of bolt defect detection.

[0047] Optionally, Figure 2 A partially enlarged structural diagram of a connection assembly of a bolt defect detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The connecting assembly 30 includes an articulated joint 31, at least two connecting rods 32 and a spring 33; one end of the connecting rod 32 is connected to the articulated joint 31, the other end of the connecting rod 32 is connected to the detection probe 20, and the articulated joint 31 is also connected to the first end of the detection rod 10; the two ends of the spring 33 are respectively connected to one end of the two connecting rods 32 close to the articulated joint.

[0048] Specifically, the common end of the connecting assembly 30 may be the hinge joint 31, and the connecting end of the connecting assembly 30 may be an end where the connecting rod 32 is connected to the detection probe 20. Figure 2 As shown, the connection assembly 30 is provided with two connecting rods 32. The articulated joint 31 is fixedly connected to the first end of the detection rod 10, so that when the detection rod 10 moves, the articulated joint 31 and the connecting rod 32 can be driven to move. One end of the connecting rod 32 connected to the articulated joint 31 can rotate around the articulated joint 31, and the other end of the connecting rod 32 is connected to the detection probe 20. A spring 33 is provided between two adjacent connecting rods 32, and the spring 33 can provide stress for the connecting rod 32, so that the connecting rod 32 can better fit the detection probe 20 on the inner wall of the detection hole of the bolt to be detected.

[0049] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 2The sleeve 40 is sleeve-connected with the end of the first end of the detection rod 10 through a thread, and the first ends of the articulated joint 31 and the connecting rod 32 are located inside the sleeve 40 .

[0050] Specifically, the end of the first end of the detection rod 10 can be provided with an external thread, and the end of the sleeve 40 connected to the detection rod 10 can be provided with an internal thread, and the external thread and the internal thread are adapted to each other, so that the sleeve 40 is connected to the detection screw rod 10 through a threaded sleeve connection. The first end of the connecting rod 32 can be an end connected to the articulated joint 31. The articulated joint 31 and part of the rod body of the first end of the connecting rod 32 are covered by the sleeve 40. The other end of the sleeve 40 can be an inverted U-shaped structure, and the U-shaped opening of the sleeve 40 abuts against the connecting rod 32. The length of the connecting rod 32 covered by the sleeve 40 and the compression degree of the spring 33 are adjusted by adjusting the sleeve 40 and the detection rod 10 The opening and closing angle of the two adjacent connecting rods 32 is changed.

[0051] Optionally, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the main structure of an auxiliary component of a bolt defect detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 A schematic side view of the structure of an auxiliary component of a bolt defect detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 A schematic top view of an auxiliary component of a bolt defect detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a top view of a gasket of a bolt defect detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The auxiliary component 50 includes: a base 51, a gasket 52, an L-shaped rod 53 and a turntable 54; one end of the L-shaped rod 53 is connected to the base 51, and the other end of the L-shaped rod 53 is connected to the disk surface of the turntable 54; a handle 541 is provided on the disk surface of the turntable 54, and the handle 541 is used to control the rotation of the turntable 54; the edge of the turntable 54 is slidably connected to the second end of the detection rod 10; the turntable 54 rotates to drive the detection rod 10 to move inside the bolt to be detected; a detection hole 521 and a fixing hole 522 are provided on the gasket 52, and a U-shaped groove 511 and a fixing component 512 are provided on the base 51, and the detection rod 10 passes through the detection hole 521 and extends into the interior of the bolt to be detected; the fixing component 512 is connected to the end face of the screw hole of the bolt to be detected through the U-shaped groove 511 and the fixing hole 522.

[0052] Specifically, one end of the L-shaped rod 53 can be fixedly connected to the base 51. The disk surface of the turntable 54 can be sleeved on the other end of the L-shaped rod 53 and rotate around the other end of the L-shaped rod 53. The handle 541 can be fixedly set on the disk surface of the turntable 54, so that the turntable 54 can be easily driven to rotate by rotating the handle 541. The edge of the turntable 54 is provided with gear teeth, and the second end of the detection rod 10 is provided with screw teeth. The gear teeth and the screw teeth are meshed and slidably connected, so that when the turntable 54 is rotated, the detection rod 10 is driven to move along the axial direction of the bolt to be detected, so as to adjust the depth of the detection rod 10 extending into the bolt hole, and realize the detection probe 20 along the axial direction of the inner wall of the bolt hole. The base 51 and the gasket 52 are used to fix the detection device on the end face of the bolt to be detected. During installation, one side of the gasket 52 is fitted with the end face of the bolt to be detected, and the other side of the gasket 52 is fitted with the base 51, and the detection rod 10 passes through the detection hole 521 and extends into the inside of the bolt to be detected. The fixing hole 522 on the gasket 52 may be provided with an internal thread, and the fixing assembly 512 may be provided with an external thread, and the internal thread and the external thread are adapted to each other, so that the base 51 is fixedly connected to the gasket 52. The base 51 is also provided with a U-shaped groove 511, and by loosening the fixing assembly 512, the base 51 can be moved in the through groove of the U-shaped groove 511, so that the end surface of the rotating disk 54 is meshed and connected with the second end of the detection rod 10.

[0053] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The L-shaped rod 53 is provided with a positioning hole 531 and a positioning assembly 532 . One end of the positioning assembly 532 passes through the positioning hole 531 and is separated from or in contact with the surface of the rotating disk 54 .

[0054] Specifically, the positioning hole 531 can be set on the rod body connecting the L-shaped rod 53 and the base 51. The positioning hole 531 passes through the L-shaped rod 53. The positioning hole 531 can be provided with an internal thread, and the positioning assembly 532 can be provided with an external thread, and the internal and external threads match each other. Therefore, when the positioning assembly 532 is loosened, the positioning assembly 532 can be separated from the disk surface of the rotating disk 54, which is convenient for rotating the rotating disk 54; when the positioning assembly 532 is tightened, the positioning assembly 532 is abutted against the disk surface of the rotating disk 54, so that the rotating disk 54 stops rotating and is locked.

[0055] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 1 The auxiliary component 50 further includes a rotating set 55 , through which the detection rod 10 passes, and the rotating set 55 is used to control the rotation of the detection rod 10 to drive the detection probe 20 to rotate inside the bolt to be detected.

[0056] Specifically, the rotating sleeve 55 can be arranged on the detection hole 521 of the gasket 52. The detection rod 10 penetrates the rotating sleeve 55 and the detection hole 521 and extends into the bolt hole of the bolt to be detected. The rotating sleeve 55 is sleeve-connected with the detection rod 10, and the detection rod 10 is driven to rotate by rotating the rotating sleeve 55, so that the detection probe 20 rotates in the bolt hole of the bolt to be detected, thereby adjusting the detection position of the detection probe 20.

[0057] Optionally, Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a detection probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 The detection probe 20 includes: a wedge 21, a shell 22 and a terminal 23; the first end face of the wedge 21 is in contact with the inner wall of the bolt to be detected, and the second end face of the wedge 21 is connected to the shell 22; a multi-layer chip is encapsulated in the shell 22, and a multi-core coaxial cable can be in the terminal 23, one end of the cable is connected to the chip, and the other end of the cable is connected to the phased array ultrasonic detector through the terminal 23.

[0058] Specifically, the curvature of the first end face of the wedge block 21 can match the curvature of the inner wall surface of the bolt to be detected, so that the first end face of the wedge block 21 and the inner wall of the bolt to be detected can be better fitted to reduce the measurement error caused by the fluctuation of the coupling gap or the tilt of the wedge block 21 during the detection process. The material of the wedge block 21 can be organic glass. The closed space between the second end face of the wedge block 21 and the housing 22 is enclosed with a multi-layer wafer. For example, Figure 7 As shown, three layers of chips are encapsulated in the shell 22, namely the matching layer 221, the 1-3 type piezoelectric composite material layer 222 and the substrate layer 223. One side of the matching layer 221 is bonded to the second end face of the wedge 21, the other side of the matching layer 221 is bonded to one side of the 1-3 type piezoelectric composite material layer 222, the other side of the 1-3 type piezoelectric composite material layer 222 is bonded to one side of the substrate layer 223, and the other side of the substrate layer 223 is provided with the positive and negative electrodes of the 1-3 type piezoelectric composite material layer 222. One end of the cable of the terminal 23 passes through the shell 22 and is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the 1-3 type piezoelectric composite material layer 222, and the other end of the terminal 23 is connected to the phased array ultrasonic detector through an insulated waterproof cable. During detection, the phased array ultrasonic detector can use the same delay law to sequentially excite the multi-layer chips, so that the detection probe 20 emits a sound beam surface to detect the defects of the bolt. Phased array ultrasonic detectors can be selected with line scanning and sector scanning capabilities. Their digital sampling frequency should be greater than or equal to 100 MHz, the digital resolution of the signal amplitude should be at least 8 bits, and they should be able to normalize the echo signal amplitude of the target reflector in a fixed sound path.

[0059] Optionally, Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of a circumferential defect detection probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention during detection. Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of an axial defect detection probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The detection probe 20 includes a circumferential defect detection probe 201 and an axial defect detection probe 202; the sound beam plane emitted by the circumferential defect detection probe 201 is perpendicular to the circumferential defect; the sound beam plane emitted by the axial defect detection probe 202 forms a certain angle with the axial defect.

[0060] Specifically, the circumferential defect detection probe 201 and the axial defect detection probe 202 are used to detect different types of defects, respectively. The circumferential defect detection probe 201 is used to detect circumferential defects, and the circumferential defect can be a defect in which the main direction of the defect is perpendicular to the axial direction of the bolt hole. The axial defect detection probe 202 is used to detect axial defects, and the axial defect can be a defect in which the main direction of the defect is parallel to the axial direction of the bolt hole. The sound beam plane emitted by the circumferential defect detection probe 201 is perpendicular to the circumferential defect, and the sound beam plane emitted by the axial defect detection probe 202 is at a certain angle to the axial defect to ensure that the circumferential defect and the axial defect are better detected. Exemplarily, the angle between the sound beam plane emitted by the axial defect detection probe 202 and the axial defect can be between 80° and 90°, so that the angle is close to vertical, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection result.

[0061] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the main structure of a bolt defect detection test block provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.11 A side view structural diagram of a bolt defect detection test block provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.10 and Fig.11 The bolt defect detection test block 100 includes at least three defective parts with different inner diameters, and the surface of the defective part with the same inner diameter includes at least three axial defects B and at least three circumferential defects A.

[0062] Specifically, the bolt defect detection block 100 is provided with a plurality of defective parts with different inner diameters, so that the bolt defect detection block 100 is stepped to simulate bolts with different hole diameters within a certain range. The length of the defective part with the same inner diameter is greater than the maximum detection sound path of the detection probe. A plurality of circumferential grooves and axial grooves are provided on the outer surface of the defective part with the same inner diameter to simulate circumferential defects and axial defects respectively. For example, Fig.10As shown, the bolt defect detection block 100 is provided with three defective parts with different inner diameters, which are marked as the first defective part 110, the second defective part 120 and the third defective part 130 respectively. The inner diameter of the first defective part 110 is larger than the inner diameter of the second defective part 120, and the inner diameter of the second defective part 120 is larger than the inner diameter of the third defective part 130. Three circumferential defects A and three axial defects B are provided on the surface of each defective part. By setting defect types under different inner diameters on a detection block, defect detection of bolts of various specifications can be simulated and compared at one time, thereby saving detection blocks and improving detection efficiency.

[0063] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the side view structure of another bolt defect detection test block provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.13 A side view of another bolt defect detection test block provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.12 and Fig.13 At least three axial defects B are located on the same circumferential surface, and at least three circumferential defects A are located on the same circumferential surface. The circumferential surface where the axial defects B are located is different from the circumferential surface where the circumferential defects A are located; the depths of the axial defects B in the same circumferential surface are different; and the depths of the circumferential defects A in the same circumferential surface are different.

[0064] Specifically, the same type of defects in the same defect part are located on the same circumferential surface, which can prevent the mutual influence between defects of different types, thereby reducing the detection error and facilitating defect detection simulation. The different depths of multiple defects on the same circumferential surface can provide more abundant defect detection and further improve the detection efficiency. For example, Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, three circumferential defects A of different depths are set in the same circumferential surface, namely circumferential defect A1, circumferential defect A2 and circumferential defect A3. The width of circumferential defect A1, circumferential defect A2 and circumferential defect A3 is 0.25mm and the length is 10mm. The depth of circumferential defect A1 is 0.5mm, the depth of circumferential defect A2 is 1.0mm, and the depth of circumferential defect A3 is 2mm. Three axial defects B of different depths are set in the same circumferential surface, namely axial defect B1, axial defect B2 and axial defect B3. The width of axial defect B1, axial defect B2 and axial defect B3 is 0.25mm and the length is 10mm. The depth of axial defect B1 is 0.5mm, the depth of axial defect B2 is 1.0mm, and the depth of axial defect B3 is 2mm. The three circumferential defects A in the same circumferential surface and the three axial defects B in the same circumferential surface can be evenly arranged to minimize the impact between defects.

[0065] The bolt defect detection device and bolt defect detection block provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used in conjunction with a phased array ultrasonic detector to perform bolt defect detection. During the detection, firstly, according to the material specifications of the inspected bolt, the detection probe is debugged on the phased array ultrasonic detector through the detection block, and the appropriate detection frequency is selected in combination with the detection depth, detection sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio and other conditions. The general detection probe frequency range is 2-10MHz. Under the condition of meeting the signal-to-noise ratio, in order to improve the resolution of the defect, a probe with a higher frequency is preferably selected. Then, the inner diameter value of the bolt hole of the inspected bolt is measured, and the corresponding inner diameter value of the bolt hole is found on the external bolt hole size scale, and the depth position corresponding to the position is measured from the end face with a steel ruler. Then, the detection probe is extended to the corresponding depth position. At this time, the detection probe position is adjusted to complete the coupling, and the detection probe is rotated around the depth. According to the instrument operating procedures, the detection parameters such as the detection frequency and the scanning speed are selected, and the artificial grooves are cut by axial line cutting and circumferential ring cutting. The echo height of the artificial groove on the comparison test block is adjusted to 80% of the screen height as the reference sensitivity, and then the gain is 6dB as the detection sensitivity. Then, according to the importance of the equipment or the requirements of the inspected party, the corresponding artificial groove depth defect signal amplitude is set as the alarm threshold. For example, if the artificial groove defect signal amplitude of 0.5mm depth and 10mm length is set as the alarm threshold, then for defects such as surface cracks, once the defect response signal amplitude of the artificial groove with a depth exceeding 0.5mm and a length of 10mm, the defect is assessed to be unacceptable. Before inspection, a certain amount of water is injected into the bolt hole as a coupling medium. Place the detection probe at the bottom of the bolt hole. Before using the probe, adjust the sleeve in the detection device to control the opening size between the two rotating rods. With the action of the spring between the two rotating rods, the detection probe is in good contact with the inner wall of the bolt hole. Stop adjusting the sleeve. At this time, the coupling of the probe is completed. The maximum detection bolt hole diameter depends on the opening of the inverted U shape when the screw rod extends to the bottom of the sleeve and the bottom of the sleeve; the minimum detection bolt hole diameter depends on the opening of the inverted U shape when the screw rod rises to the top of the sleeve and the bottom of the sleeve. Then, the rotation of the detection rod and the outward stretching movement can be synthesized through the auxiliary components until the detection probe is completely pulled out from the inside of the bolt, thereby completing the spiral scanning of the inner wall of the bolt hole. During the scanning process, the detection probe should be perpendicular to the inner wall of the bolt hole, and the pitch of the spiral line in the spiral scanning is less than or equal to the width of the detection probe to achieve full coverage scanning of the inner wall of the bolt hole. According to the detection needs, a suitable scanner or encoder can be selected to record the detection data.

[0066] The axial relative movement speed between the detection probe and the inner wall of the bolt hole is v, mm / s;

[0067] The circumferential relative moving speed between the detection probe and the inner wall of the bolt hole is c, r / s;

[0068] The width of the detection probe is d, mm;

[0069] The pitch of the helix is ​​t, mm;

[0070] Then v=ct≤cd.

[0071] The defect indication length is determined by the half-wave height (6dB) method. When using pure manual detection without recording data, if the defect signal is found, move the probe, first find the strongest reflection wave of the defect, adjust the wave height to 80% of the screen height, and move the probe clockwise (or counterclockwise) along the circumference of the bolt. When the wave height drops to 40% of the screen height, mark the circumference of the bolt corresponding to the center line of the probe, and then move the probe counterclockwise (or clockwise). The wave height is also reduced to 40% of the screen height and marked. The distance between the two marks is the defect indication length. When using a scanner with an encoder to record data detection, the defect indication length can be directly determined from the C-scan data according to the half-wave height (6dB) method. The indication length of axial defects is the same. If a signal is found that the amplitude of the defect response signal exceeds the alarm threshold, it means that the defect equivalent depth is greater than 0.5mm and the length is 10mm artificial groove, and the phased array ultrasonic detector will sound and light alarm. By using the same method to compare the response signal amplitudes of different artificial grooves in the test block, the quantitative size of the defect depth can be judged. After the adjustment of various parameters is completed, the transverse wave oblique incidence (primary wave) fan scanning detection mode can be used on the inspected bolt to perform phased array ultrasonic detection on the inner wall of the bolt hole, and determine whether it is a defect based on the abnormal corresponding signal; for signals found during the inspection that cannot be ruled out as being caused by related interference factors, such as signals other than interference signals such as lift-off, edges, steps, etc., the response signal is judged to be caused by a defect. Defects with a maximum reflected wave amplitude not less than the benchmark sensitivity and an indication length not less than 10mm should be judged as cracks. All bolts judged to be cracks should be scrapped. Smaller signals that are not sufficient to be judged as cracks should be recorded and tracked for review.

[0072] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0073] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bolt defect detection device, characterized in that: include: A detection rod, at least two detection probes, a connecting assembly, a sleeve and an auxiliary assembly; The connecting assembly comprises a common end and at least two connecting ends, the common end of the connecting assembly is connected to the first end of the detection rod, and the connecting ends of the connecting assembly are respectively connected to the detection probes; The sleeve is sleeved on the end of the first end of the detection rod, and the sleeve is used to adjust the opening and closing angle between the connection ends of the connection assembly so that the detection probe fits the inner wall of the bolt to be detected; The second end of the detection rod is connected to the auxiliary component, and the auxiliary component is connected to the end of the bolt to be detected; the auxiliary component is used to adjust the lifting and rotation of the detection rod to adjust the detection position of the probe.

2. The bolt defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection assembly includes an articulated joint, at least two connecting rods and a spring; One end of the connecting rod is connected to the articulated joint, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the detection probe, and the articulated joint is also connected to the first end of the detection rod; the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to one end of the two connecting rods close to the articulated joint.

3. The bolt defect detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sleeve is sleeve-connected with the end of the first end of the detection rod through a thread, and the hinged joint and the first end of the connecting rod are located inside the sleeve.

4. The bolt defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary components include: a base, a gasket, an L-shaped rod and a turntable; One end of the L-shaped rod is connected to the base, and the other end of the L-shaped rod is connected to the surface of the turntable; a handle is provided on the surface of the turntable, and the handle is used to control the rotation of the turntable; The edge of the rotating disk is slidably connected to the second end of the detection rod; the rotating disk rotates to drive the detection rod to move inside the bolt to be detected; The gasket is provided with a detection hole and a fixing hole, the base is provided with a U-shaped groove and a fixing assembly, the detection rod passes through the detection hole and extends into the interior of the bolt to be detected; the fixing assembly is connected to the screw hole end face of the bolt to be detected through the U-shaped groove and the fixing hole.

5. The bolt defect detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The L-shaped rod is provided with a positioning hole and a positioning assembly, and one end of the positioning assembly passes through the positioning hole and is separated from or in conflict with the disk surface of the turntable.

6. The bolt defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary component also includes a rotating kit, the detection rod passes through the rotating kit, and the rotating kit is used to control the rotation of the detection rod to drive the detection probe to rotate inside the bolt to be detected.

7. The bolt defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection probe comprises: a wedge, a shell and a terminal; The first end face of the wedge block is in contact with the inner wall of the bolt to be detected, and the second end face of the wedge block is connected to the shell; a multi-layer chip is encapsulated in the shell, one end of the terminal is connected to the chip through the shell, and the other end of the terminal is connected to the phased array ultrasonic detector.

8. The bolt defect detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detection probe includes a circumferential defect detection probe and an axial defect detection probe; The sound beam plane emitted by the circumferential defect detection probe is perpendicular to the circumferential defect; the sound beam plane emitted by the axial defect detection probe forms a certain angle with the axial defect.

9. A bolt defect detection test block, characterized in that: Using the bolt defect detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 to perform defect detection calibration on the bolt defect detection test block; The bolt defect detection test block includes at least three defect parts with different inner diameters, and the surface of the defect part with the same inner diameter includes at least three axial defects and at least three circumferential defects.

10. The bolt defect detection block according to claim 9, characterized in that: At least three of the axial defects are located on the same circumferential surface, and at least three of the circumferential defects are located on the same circumferential surface, and the circumferential surface where the axial defects are located is different from the circumferential surface where the circumferential defects are located; The axial defect depths within the same circumferential surface are different; the circumferential defect depths within the same circumferential surface are different.

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