BIM (Building Information Modeling)-based super high-rise structure variable full-matching model optimization method

Abstract

The invention discloses a BIM (Building Information Modeling)-based super high-rise structure variable full-matching model optimization method, which ensures that a template adapts to various non-standard layers by identifying cross section changes of a standard layer and a non-standard layer, determining a template modulus and optimally designing a matching model. By means of the BIM technology, small plates are combined into large plates, during conversion construction from a standard layer to a structure change layer, the small-size unit battens at the combination change positions are directly assembled and disassembled, the whole large-size standard aluminum formwork does not need to be directly replaced, and the construction efficiency is improved. The problems that the dependence degree of a traditional aluminum mold on the standard modulus size is high, and on-site arbitrary cutting is difficult to achieve are solved, the turnover rate of the mold plates is increased, and the configuration amount of newly-added mold plates is reduced. The formwork is made of aluminum alloy sections, and compared with a traditional wood formwork and aluminum-wood combination mode, the formwork is high in repeated utilization rate, can be turned over many times, does not need to be cut and machined on site, saves materials and is environmentally friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of formwork construction, and in particular to a BIM-based multi-variable full-matching formwork optimization method for super high-rise structures. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of modern urban construction, more and more super-high-rise projects are springing up. The advancement of green and standardized construction has prompted the use of aluminum formwork for super-high-rise construction. The variable characteristics of the upper and lower structures of super-high-rise buildings also put forward higher requirements for aluminum formwork construction. The structural change layer is usually constructed using the traditional aluminum-wood combination method, but the addition of wooden formwork leads to confusion in the on-site aluminum formwork assembly, poor forming effect at the joints of beams, columns and walls; and the processing is cumbersome, the construction period is long, and the dust pollution is large. Therefore, targeted design is needed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a BIM-based super-high-rise structure multi-variable full-mold optimization method to solve technical problems such as variable cross-section identification of non-standard layers in super-high-rise construction, template modulus setting, and template matching optimization.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A BIM-based super high-rise structure variable full-mold optimization method, the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Deepen the CAD drawings and build a BIM 3D model based on the CAD drawings; divide each floor of the super high-rise building into a unit in the 3D model; take the standard floor as the base floor, and the floor that changes relative to the standard floor is the non-standard floor; Step 2: Analyze the variable cross-section parts of the structure, mark the standard layer and non-standard layer structure diagrams with different colors, and then superimpose the deepened standard layer and non-standard layer structure diagrams; through superposition, the reduction or expansion of the cross-section size of the non-standard layer is obtained; Step 3: The template is an aluminum template and its modulus is selected. The dimensions that change during the cross-sectional change are sorted in order of number of occurrences from most to least. The top three dimensions with the highest number of occurrences or the dimensions that meet the requirement that the number of cross-sectional dimension changes accounts for at least 80% of the total number of occurrences are selected; the dimensions are set from small to large at intervals of 50 mm; Step 4: Compare the selected modulus and the reduced or expanded size of the interface size to obtain the mold design at the cross-section change; for the cross-section change size that is less than the minimum modulus size, adapt it by formulating an integrated template or individually formulating small-size modulus templates; Step 5: The molds in the standard layer and the non-standard layer are matched according to the adjusted size. When converting between the standard layer and the non-standard layer, the small-sized modular templates are directly assembled and disassembled until the super-high-rise structure is optimized.

[0005] Furthermore, the standard floor refers to a floor with the same floor plan, in which the sizes and positions of columns, beams and shear walls are consistent; the non-standard floor refers to a floor in which any size and position of columns, beams or shear walls changes from that of the standard floor.

[0006] Furthermore, the cross-sectional dimensions in the reduction or expansion of the cross-sectional dimensions of the non-standard layers obtained by superposition refer to the cross-sectional dimensions of the columns, beams and shear walls; among them, the focus is on identifying the reduction in the cross-sectional dimensions of beams and columns, the changes in the beam-column joints, and the changes in the beam positions.

[0007] Furthermore, BIM software is used to set the large-sized templates of beam-column sections, beam-column joints and beam position changes as small-sized templates, and combined with the number of section reductions, section reduction dimensions, and beam position offset dimensions, the corresponding sizes and quantities of strips are divided in the detailed design stage.

[0008] Furthermore, the sizes of the column formwork and floor slab formwork of the standard layer are large-size formworks that are evenly divided according to the column size and the floor slab size; column adjustment formwork and floor adjustment formwork are set on the side adjacent to the cross-section change.

[0009] Furthermore, the column adjustment template and the floor adjustment template are both composed of one or more small-sized templates, and at least one small-sized template is adapted to the template adjustment area setting; wherein the template adjustment area corresponds to the cross-sectional size change area.

[0010] Furthermore, for the vertical small-sized template square tube reinforcement ribs, a trapezoidal reinforced aluminum profile with a width at the top and a narrowness at the bottom is used, with a spacing of 300mm; the horizontal small-sized template unit aluminum template square tube reinforcement ribs are I-shaped reinforced square tubes, with a spacing of 300mm.

[0011] Furthermore, each aluminum formwork is numbered and marked in BIM, and partitioned according to the number of super-high-rise outer frame columns and core tube shear walls, and the formwork in the same area is marked with the same color.

[0012] Furthermore, when installing the formwork, the formwork of the standard layer is assembled first; according to the standard layer and according to the number and color marking, small-sized formwork is added or reduced, and the formwork is hoisted to the layout position by a tower crane, and connected and fixed through the corner C groove.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in: 1) The present invention uses BIM technology to disassemble the entire large-size standard plate at the change location of beams, plates and columns into small-size unit strips. By combining the small plates into large plates, when the standard layer is converted to the structure change layer, the small-size unit strips at the combination change location are directly loaded and unloaded, without directly replacing the entire large-size standard aluminum formwork. This solves the problem that the traditional aluminum formwork is highly dependent on the standard module size and is difficult to achieve arbitrary cutting on site, thereby improving the template turnover rate and reducing the amount of new template configuration.

[0014] 2) The template of the present invention is made of aluminum alloy profiles. Compared with the traditional wooden template and aluminum-wood combination, it has a high reuse rate, a large number of turnovers, no need to cut and process the template on site, and is material-saving and environmentally friendly. Compared with the traditional aluminum-wood combination, it reduces the number of material platforms and tower cranes for transporting wooden templates, thereby reducing the number of material platforms and tower cranes and saving construction costs. It realizes a single type of work on the construction site, modular combined construction, simple on-site operation, and greatly improves construction efficiency.

[0015] 3) The present invention marks and numbers the templates in the same assembly area with the same color, thereby avoiding human factors causing the aluminum template to be not placed in the correct installation area during the aluminum template transfer process, resulting in installation errors and on-site rework.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or may be understood by practicing the present invention; the main purpose and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the solutions particularly pointed out in the description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the column template; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the standard layer column formwork construction; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the construction of non-standard layer column formwork; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of adjusting the floor formwork and splicing it where the floor formwork changes.

[0018] Figure numbers: 1-template back rib, 2-column template, 3-column adjustment template, 4-column, 5-column core, 6-adjustment area, 7-floor template, 8-floor adjustment template. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Taking a super high-rise building as an example, it involves standard floors and variable non-standard floors. In order to ensure the convenient construction of aluminum formwork, the formwork matching is optimized through the super high-rise structure variable full formwork optimization method based on BIM. Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the figure, a BIM-based super high-rise structure variable full-matching model optimization method is further described, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Deepen the CAD drawings and build a BIM three-dimensional model based on the CAD drawings; divide each floor of the super high-rise building into a unit in the three-dimensional model; take the standard floor as the reference floor, and the floor that changes relative to the standard floor is the non-standard floor.

[0020] Among them, the standard floor refers to the floors with the same floor plan, and the sizes and positions of the columns 4, beams and shear walls in the standard floor are consistent; the non-standard floor refers to the floors with any size and position of the columns 4, beams or shear walls that are different from the standard floor.

[0021] Step 2: Analyze the parts with variable cross-sections of the structure, mark the standard layer and non-standard layer structural diagrams with different colors, and then superimpose the deepened standard layer and non-standard layer structural diagrams; the reduction or expansion of the cross-sectional size of the non-standard layer can be obtained through superposition.

[0022] In this embodiment, the cross-sectional dimensions in the reduction or expansion of the cross-sectional dimensions of the non-standard layer obtained by superposition refer to the cross-sectional dimensions of the column 4, the beam body and the shear wall; among them, the focus is on identifying the reduction in the cross-sectional dimensions of the beams and columns, the changes in the beam-column joints, and the changes in the beam positions.

[0023] Use BIM software to set the large-sized templates of beam-column sections, beam-column joints and beam position changes as small-sized templates, and combine the number of section reductions, section reduction dimensions, and beam position offset dimensions to divide the strips into corresponding sizes and quantities during the in-depth design stage.

[0024] Step 3: The template is an aluminum template and its modulus is selected. The dimensions that change during the cross-sectional change are sorted in order from most to least. The top three dimensions with the highest number of occurrences or the dimensions that satisfy the cross-sectional dimension change frequency that accounts for at least 80% of the total number of times are selected; the dimensions are set from small to large at intervals of 50 mm.

[0025] In this embodiment, BIM technology is used to coordinate and optimize template preparation and visual briefing, and the structural section and position change modulus are obtained to change the modulus size with 100mm, 150mm, and 200mm.

[0026] Step 4. Compare the selected modulus and the reduced or expanded dimensions of the interface size to obtain the mold design at the cross-section change; for the cross-section change size that is smaller than the minimum modulus size, adapt it by formulating an integrated template or individually formulating small-size modulus templates.

[0027] In this embodiment, the column template 2 and floor template 7 of the standard layer are large-sized templates that are evenly divided and set according to the size of the column 4 and the size of the floor; the column adjustment template 3 and the floor adjustment template 8 are set on the side adjacent to the cross-sectional change. The column adjustment template 3 and the floor adjustment template 8 are both composed of one or more small-sized templates, and at least one small-sized template is adapted to the template adjustment area 6; wherein the template adjustment area 6 corresponds to the cross-sectional size change area.

[0028] In this embodiment, BIM software is used to design the 400mm and 500mm large-size standard aluminum formworks at the column sections, beam-column joints and beam position changes into combinations of 200mm+200mm, 100mm+2×200mm, etc.

[0029] Step 5: The molds in the standard layer and the non-standard layer are matched according to the adjusted size. When converting between the standard layer and the non-standard layer, the small-sized modular templates are directly assembled and disassembled until the super-high-rise structure is optimized.

[0030] In this embodiment, the column cross-section size is reduced: the column cross-section of the standard layer is 1800mm×2200mm, the column cross-section of the refuge layer is 1800mm×2000mm, and the column cross-section of the refuge layer is reduced by 200mm in the X direction compared with the standard layer. The single 400mm standard aluminum template in the column X direction is designed as a 2×200mm wide combined small-size unit aluminum template. During construction, a 200mm unit plate on the outside of the X direction is assembled and unassembled, and the column cross-section size reduction requirement is met after the mold is closed. Figure 3 As shown, concrete is poured in the column formwork 2 to form a column body 4, and a column core 5 made of H-shaped steel is inserted into the column body 4.

[0031] In this embodiment, for changes in beam-column joints: the two standard layer beam bottom, side, and top formwork K plates at the change position of the refuge layer beam-column joints are replaced with a customized single 200mm wide small-size unit aluminum formwork to ensure that the other beam formworks are not adjusted; beam position changes: the beam cross-section remains unchanged, the beam position is offset by 200mm along the Y direction, and the 500mm standard aluminum formwork on both sides of the beam is designed as a 100mm+2×200mm wide combined small-size unit aluminum formwork. During construction, a 200mm small-size unit plate on the beam side is removed and assembled to the other side to meet the beam position offset requirement after mold closing.

[0032] In this embodiment, each aluminum template after the template is matched is numbered and marked in BIM, and the templates in the same area are divided according to the number of super-high-rise peripheral frame columns and core tube shear walls, and the templates in the same area are marked with the same color. When installing the template, the templates of the standard layer are assembled first; according to the standard layer and the number and color marking, small-sized templates are added or reduced, and hoisted to the layout position by a tower crane, and connected and fixed through the corner C groove. And the template is fixed on the outside through the template back rib 1.

[0033] During installation and construction, the reinforcement ribs of the vertical small-sized template square tubes are made of trapezoidal reinforced aluminum profiles that are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, with a spacing of 300mm; the reinforcement ribs of the horizontal small-sized template unit aluminum template square tubes are made of I-shaped reinforced square tubes, with a spacing of 300mm.

[0034] In this embodiment, the super high-rise aluminum formwork is made of 4mm thick aluminum alloy plate, and the frame rib height is 65mm. The vertical small-size unit aluminum formwork square tube reinforcement ribs use a trapezoidal reinforced aluminum profile with a width of 50mm on the top, a width of 30mm on the bottom, and a height of 50mm, with a spacing of 300mm. The horizontal small-size unit aluminum formwork square tube reinforcement ribs use an I-shaped reinforced square tube with a width of 20mm on the top, a width of 30mm on the bottom, and a height of 40mm, with a spacing of 300mm; thus completing the installation and construction of the formwork.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that a technician familiar with the technical field can think of within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based super high-rise structure variable full-mold optimization method, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Deepen the CAD drawings and build a BIM 3D model based on the CAD drawings; divide each floor of the super high-rise building into a unit in the 3D model; take the standard floor as the base floor, and the floor that changes relative to the standard floor is the non-standard floor; Step 2: Analyze the variable cross-section parts of the structure, mark the standard layer and non-standard layer structure diagrams with different colors, and then superimpose the deepened standard layer and non-standard layer structure diagrams; through superposition, the reduction or expansion of the cross-section size of the non-standard layer is obtained; Step 3: The template is an aluminum template and its modulus is selected. The dimensions that change during the cross-sectional change are sorted in order of number of occurrences from most to least. The top three dimensions with the highest number of occurrences or dimensions that meet the requirement that the number of cross-sectional dimension changes accounts for at least 80% of the total number of occurrences are selected. Set the size from small to large at intervals of 50mm; Step 4: Compare the selected modulus and the reduced or expanded size of the interface size to obtain the mold design at the cross-section change; for the cross-section change size that is less than the minimum modulus size, adapt it by formulating an integrated template or individually formulating small-size modulus templates; Step 5: The molds in the standard layer and the non-standard layer are matched according to the adjusted size. When converting between the standard layer and the non-standard layer, the small-sized modular templates are directly assembled and disassembled until the super-high-rise structure is optimized.

2. A BIM-based super high-rise structure variable full-mold optimization method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The standard floors refer to floors with the same floor plan, and the columns (4), beams and shear walls in the standard floors are all the same in size and position; non-standard floors refer to floors where any one of the size and position of the columns (4), beams or shear walls is different from that of the standard floors.

3. A BIM-based super high-rise structure variable full-matching model optimization method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional dimensions in the reduction or expansion of the cross-sectional dimensions of the non-standard layer obtained by superposition refer to the cross-sectional dimensions of the column (4), the beam and the shear wall; among them, the focus is on identifying the reduction in the cross-sectional dimensions of the beam and column, the changes in the beam-column joints, and the changes in the beam positions.

4. A BIM-based super high-rise structure variable full-matching model optimization method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Use BIM software to set the large-sized templates of beam-column sections, beam-column joints and beam position changes as small-sized templates, and combine the number of section reductions, section reduction dimensions, and beam position offset dimensions to divide the strips into corresponding sizes and quantities during the in-depth design stage.

5. A BIM-based super high-rise structure variable full-matching model optimization method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The column formwork (2) and floor formwork (7) of the standard layer are large-sized formworks that are evenly divided and set according to the size of the column (4) and the size of the floor; and the column adjustment formwork (3) and floor adjustment formwork (8) are set on the side adjacent to the cross-section change.

6. A BIM-based super high-rise structure variable full-mold optimization method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The column adjustment template (3) and the floor adjustment template (8) are both composed of one or more small-sized templates, and at least one small-sized template is adapted to the template adjustment area (6); wherein the template adjustment area (6) corresponds to the cross-sectional size variation area.

7. The BIM-based super high-rise structure variable full-matching model optimization method according to claim 5, characterized in that: For the vertical small-sized template square tube reinforcement ribs, they are made of trapezoidal reinforced aluminum profiles that are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, with a spacing of 300mm; for the horizontal small-sized template unit aluminum template square tube reinforcement ribs, they are made of I-shaped reinforced square tubes, with a spacing of 300mm.

8. The BIM-based super high-rise structure variable full-mold optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In BIM, each aluminum formwork is numbered and marked after formwork is matched, and is divided into zones according to the number of super-high-rise outer frame columns and core tube shear walls. The formwork in the same area is marked with the same color.

9. The BIM-based super high-rise structure variable full-mold optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When installing the formwork, first assemble the formwork of the standard layer; according to the standard layer and according to the number and color marking, increase or decrease the small-sized formwork, use the tower crane to lift it to the layout position, and connect and fix it through the corner C groove.

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