Astronomical optical transient source identification method and device based on star catalogue matching

Abstract

The invention provides an astronomical optical transient source identification method and device based on star catalogue matching, and the method comprises the steps: generating a template star catalogue of a sky area according to a historical image star catalogue list of the sky area; carrying out target matching on the plurality of obtained observation star catalogues of the sky area and a template star catalogue, and determining a primary transient source candidate body of the sky area; determining secondary transient source candidate bodies in the primary transient source candidate bodies according to the occurrence times of the primary transient source candidate bodies in the plurality of continuous observation star catalogues; performing target matching on the secondary transient source candidate bodies and a specific star catalogue in a star catalogue library, and determining tertiary transient source candidate bodies in the secondary transient source candidate bodies; and displaying the three-level transient source candidate body to a user, so that the user determines a transient source in the three-level transient source candidate body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automatic identification of astronomical optical transient sources, and in particular to an astronomical optical transient source identification method based on star catalog matching and a device thereof. Background Art

[0002] The identification of optical transients (OTs) is an important topic in astronomy, which involves the detection and analysis of short-lived and rapidly changing optical phenomena in the sky. Transients may be caused by various astronomical phenomena, such as supernova explosions, gamma-ray bursts, tidal disruption events, and fast radio bursts. These events usually occur in a short period of time and change rapidly in brightness, so their observations can provide important cosmic information.

[0003] Optical transient sources have the characteristics of short time scales and random occurrence, so large field of view and real-time observation of transient sources becomes a prerequisite. In this context, the Ground Wide Angle Cameras (GWAC) with ultra-large field of view and high sampling rate was built. The comprehensive field of view of GWAC is close to 5000 square degrees, and the image acquisition speed is 3 seconds per frame. Its comprehensive field of view and sampling speed far exceed similar international observation equipment. The larger comprehensive field of view and sampling speed correspond to a huge increase in the amount of data, which is a great challenge to the identification process of transient sources. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides an astronomical optical transient source identification method and device based on star catalog matching.

[0005] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an astronomical optical transient source identification method based on star catalog matching, comprising: generating a template star catalog of a sky area according to a list of historical image star catalogs of the sky area; performing target matching between a plurality of acquired observation star catalogs of the sky area and the template star catalog to determine primary transient source candidates of the sky area; determining secondary transient source candidates among the primary transient source candidates according to the number of times the primary transient source candidates appear in a plurality of consecutive observation star catalogs; performing target matching between the secondary transient source candidates and specific star catalogs in a star catalog library to determine tertiary transient source candidates among the secondary transient source candidates; and displaying the tertiary transient source candidates to a user so that the user can determine the transient sources among the tertiary transient source candidates.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a template star catalog of a sky area is generated based on a historical image star catalog list of the sky area, including: performing point source extraction on each of a plurality of historical images of the sky area to obtain a historical image star catalog list; and selecting a star catalog with the highest image quality in the historical image star catalog list as a template star catalog.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, selecting the star table with the highest image quality in the historical image star table list as the template star table includes: calculating the half-height full width average of each star table in the historical image star table list; and selecting the star table with the smallest half-height full width average as the template star table.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, multiple observation star catalogs of a sky area are obtained and matched with a template star catalog to determine the primary transient source candidates of the sky area, including: performing point source extraction on multiple observation images of the sky area to obtain multiple observation star catalogs; matching the multiple observation star catalogs with the template star catalog, and taking the targets in the multiple observation star catalogs but not in the template star catalog as primary transient source candidates.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, according to the number of times the first-level transient source candidate appears in multiple consecutive observation star catalogs, the second-level transient source candidate in the first-level transient source candidate is determined, including: checking the number of times each target to be detected in the first-level transient source candidate appears in the same position of multiple consecutive observation star catalogs, when the number of times the target to be detected appears in the same position is greater than or equal to a preset number, the target to be detected is used as a second-level transient source candidate.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the number of times the target to be detected appears at the same position to the number of frames of a plurality of consecutive observation star catalogs is greater than or equal to a preset ratio.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, target matching is performed on the secondary transient source candidates and the specific star catalog in the star catalog library to determine the tertiary transient source candidates in the secondary transient source candidates, including: target matching is performed on the secondary transient source candidates and the specific star catalog, and the targets that are present in the secondary transient source candidates but not in the specific star catalog are taken as tertiary transient source candidates.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the specific star catalog includes at least one of a general all-sky star catalog, a variable star catalog, an asteroid star catalog, and a secondary transient source candidate historical star catalog.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, third-level transient source candidates are displayed to a user so that the user can determine a transient source among the third-level transient source candidates, including: displaying the third-level transient source candidates to the user in a warning color in an observation star catalog, and sending a warning message to the user, so that the user can determine the transient source according to the light curve of the third-level transient source candidate and the manual observation result.

[0014] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an astronomical optical transient source identification device based on star catalog matching, including: a template star catalog generation module, used to generate a template star catalog of a sky area according to a list of historical image star catalogs of the sky area; a first determination module, used to target match multiple observation star catalogs of the sky area obtained with the template star catalog, and determine the primary transient source candidates of the sky area; a second determination module, used to determine the secondary transient source candidates among the primary transient source candidates according to the number of times the primary transient source candidates appear in multiple consecutive observation star catalogs; a third determination module, used to target match the secondary transient source candidates with specific star catalogs in a star catalog library, and determine the tertiary transient source candidates among the secondary transient source candidates; and a display module, used to display the tertiary transient source candidates to a user so that the user can determine the transient sources among the tertiary transient source candidates.

[0015] According to the astronomical optical transient source identification method and device based on star catalog matching of the embodiment of the present invention, the observed star catalog is matched with the template star catalog to determine the first-level transient source candidate, which can find the potential transient source candidates in the observed star catalog to the maximum extent and avoid omission. The second-level transient source candidates are screened out according to the number of times the first-level transient source candidate appears in multiple consecutive observed star catalogs, and the transient source candidates that do not meet the transient source characteristics can be removed, which greatly reduces the number of transient source candidates. Then, the second-level transient source candidate is matched with the specific star catalog in the star catalog library to screen out the third-level transient source candidate, which can remove the known targets in the transient source candidate, further reduce the number of transient source candidates, and facilitate the final manual observation and transient source confirmation. In this way, not only can the potential transient sources be screened out as much as possible, and the accuracy of transient source identification is improved, but also the transient source candidates that need to be manually observed and determined are greatly reduced, which reduces the workload of manual screening and improves the efficiency of transient source identification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 A flowchart of an astronomical optical transient source identification method based on star catalog matching according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown;

[0018] Figure 2 A flow chart of template star catalog generation according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematically shows a flow chart of transient source candidate generation and screening according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a display page effect diagram of a three-level transient source candidate according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 5 The block diagram of the device for identifying astronomical optical transient sources based on star catalog matching according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Below, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following detailed description, for ease of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of embodiments of the present invention. However, it is apparent that one or more embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of concepts of the present invention.

[0023] The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The terms "comprise", "include", etc. used herein indicate the existence of features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0024] All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0025] In the case of using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", it should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning of the expression generally understood by those skilled in the art (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include but is not limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc.). In the case of using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, or C, etc.", it should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning of the expression generally understood by those skilled in the art (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" should include but is not limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc.).

[0026] The applicant found in the research that in order to cope with the data processing challenges in the process of transient source identification, there is a method based on image subtraction. The method based on image subtraction is suitable for dense star fields. During the processing, this method can automatically distinguish noise from transient sources from the residual image obtained by the image subtraction method, thereby realizing the identification of transient sources from a large number of noise points. However, the method based on image subtraction has a huge amount of calculation and a slow recognition speed, which limits its scope of application.

[0027] In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides an astronomical optical transient source identification method based on star catalog matching and a device thereof to improve the transient source identification speed and robustness. In addition, compared with the method based on image subtraction, the astronomical optical transient source identification method based on star catalog matching of the present application is more suitable for sparse star fields. Figures 1 to 5 Provide explanation.

[0028] Figure 1 The flowchart of the astronomical optical transient source identification method based on star catalog matching according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for identifying astronomical optical transient sources based on star catalog matching may include steps S110 to S150:

[0030] In step S110, a template star catalog of the sky area is generated according to the historical image star catalog list of the sky area.

[0031] Sky regions generally refer to different areas into which the sky is divided. These areas may be constellations, sky bands, or other areas divided according to research needs. The present invention does not specifically limit the scope of the sky region. The historical image star catalog list of the sky region can be obtained from the historical observation images of the sky region. These star catalogs may be from different observation equipment, observation time, and observation conditions, and may contain information such as the position, brightness, and color of the observed target. By evaluating these historical image star catalog lists from different dimensions, a template star catalog that is as comprehensive and accurate as possible can be obtained. Different dimensional evaluations may be, for example, dimensions such as the integrity of the star catalog and the timeliness of the star catalog data. In some embodiments, the template star catalog may also be determined based on the image quality (ImageQuality) of the star catalog, which will be further explained later.

[0032] In step S120, target matching is performed between the multiple observed star catalogs of the sky area and the template star catalog to determine the primary transient source candidates of the sky area.

[0033] As a reference star catalog, the template star catalog can be compared with each newly acquired observational star catalog to discover potential transient sources in each observational star catalog, namely, primary transient source candidates. For example, position (such as right ascension, declination) comparison can be performed, attribute (such as color, brightness) comparison can be performed, or a combination of multiple comparison methods can be performed. The primary transient source candidates are intended to determine all potential transient source candidates in the observational star catalog to avoid omissions. The primary transient source candidates are equivalent to the primary rough screening results, and their number is usually large. For example, after a night of observation and comparison, the number of primary transient source candidates can reach millions. Such a large number can ensure that potential transient sources are screened out as roughly as possible. However, directly determining the transient source through the primary transient source candidates will face a huge workload, and the primary transient source candidates need to be further screened.

[0034] In step S130, the secondary transient source candidates among the primary transient source candidates are determined according to the number of times the primary transient source candidates appear in a plurality of consecutive observation star catalogs.

[0035] Through the first-level rough screening, the first-level transient source candidates in each observational star catalog can be determined. Due to noise, errors, occasional factors and other reasons, the transient source candidates selected by the first-level rough screening usually contain a large number of non-transient sources. For example, if a first-level transient source candidate only appears once or very few times in multiple consecutive observational star catalogs, it may not meet the characteristics of a transient source and needs to be eliminated to streamline the number of transient source candidates. The second-level transient source candidates are equivalent to the second-level screening results, which can greatly reduce the number of second-level transient source candidates. For example, the number of first-level transient source candidates can be reduced to one percent, that is, to the level of tens of thousands.

[0036] In step S140, target matching is performed between the secondary transient source candidates and a specific star catalog in the star catalog library to determine the tertiary transient source candidates in the secondary transient source candidates.

[0037] A specific star catalog in the star catalog library may contain detailed information about known celestial bodies (including transient sources). There may be multiple types and quantities of specific star catalogs, and the type of the star catalog may be reasonably selected according to the observation requirements. It is understandable that the more types and quantities of specific star catalogs there are, that is, the finer the filtering of the secondary transient source candidates, the fewer the number of the obtained tertiary transient source candidates will be. For example, it can be reduced to one percent of the secondary transient source candidates, that is, to hundreds of levels.

[0038] It can be seen that through the three-level screening of steps S120 to S140 above, accurate, comprehensive, and greatly reduced number of transient source candidates can be obtained to facilitate manual screening.

[0039] In step S150 , the three-level transient source candidates are presented to the user, so that the user can determine the transient source in the three-level transient source candidates.

[0040] For example, the key information of the three-level transient source candidates (such as location, brightness, spectral characteristics, matching degree, etc.) can be organized into a format that is easy to understand and compare, and displayed to users in a visual way. Users determine the final transient source based on the displayed information, combined with actual observation results and expert experience. The manual confirmation of transient sources can ensure the accuracy of transient source identification as much as possible, especially for some relatively rare or research-significant transient sources, manual confirmation is indispensable. Thanks to the accurate, comprehensive, and greatly reduced number of transient source candidates obtained through three-level screening, although manual determination of transient sources is required in the end, the identification efficiency can be greatly improved.

[0041] Figure 2 The flowchart of generating a template star catalog according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the above step S110 may include: performing point source extraction on each of multiple historical images of the sky area to obtain a historical image star catalog list; and selecting the star catalog with the highest image quality in the historical image star catalog list as a template star catalog.

[0043] Specifically, open source software can be used to perform point source extraction on each image to obtain a star catalog list for historical images. Open source software includes but is not limited to SExtractor (Source Extractor). SExtractor is an efficient astronomical image processing tool that uses advanced algorithms to accurately identify and measure each source in an astronomical image from a noise background, making it very suitable for point source extraction of images. The method of using SExtractor for point source extraction is well known to those skilled in the art, so it will not be repeated here. It should be noted that SExtractor is mainly used for point source extraction, rather than directly generating or providing a star catalog list for historical images. By combining SExtractor with other astronomical data resources, point source information can be effectively extracted from images, and star catalog data sets can be constructed or expanded.

[0044] Image quality refers to image quality, which can be used to reflect the quality of a star catalog. The higher the image quality of a star catalog, the clearer the template star catalog, the lower the background noise, and the more accurate the result obtained when matching the observed star catalog. In some embodiments, the image quality of the star catalog can be quantified by the mean of the full width at half maxima (FWHM). The star catalog with the highest image quality in the historical image star catalog list is selected as the template star catalog, including: calculating the mean of the full width at half maxima of each star catalog in the historical image star catalog list; and selecting the star catalog with the smallest mean of the full width at half maxima as the template star catalog.

[0045] Full width at half maximum is an important parameter for describing the brightness distribution of celestial images. It indicates the width corresponding to when the brightness reaches half of the peak value on the image brightness distribution curve. A smaller FWHM value usually means that the image has clearer details. Specifically, the FWHM can be measured for each identified celestial target in the star catalog by fitting its brightness distribution curve (such as a Gaussian function), and then the FWHM values ​​of all celestial targets in the star catalog are added and then divided by the number of celestial targets to obtain the FWHM mean. After obtaining the FWHM mean of each star catalog, these values ​​can be directly compared, and the star catalog with the smallest FWHM mean can be selected as the template star catalog. This star catalog usually performs best in terms of resolution and image clarity, and is therefore most suitable as a benchmark for subsequent analysis or comparison. It is worth mentioning that when measuring FWHM, measurement errors can also be considered and the results can be statistically tested to ensure the reliability of the selected template star catalog, but the present invention is not limited to this.

[0046] Figure 3 The flowchart of transient source candidate generation and screening according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0047] See also Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, the above step S120 may include: performing point source extraction on multiple observation images of the sky area to obtain multiple observation star catalogs; performing target matching on the multiple observation star catalogs and the template star catalog, and taking the targets in the multiple observation star catalogs but not in the template star catalog as primary transient source candidates.

[0048] Point source extraction can use point source extraction tools (such as SExtractor) to perform point source detection on multiple observation images of the sky area, which is similar to the above and will not be repeated here. These observation images may come from different times, different telescopes or different observation modes, and the present invention does not make specific limitations. The purpose of point source extraction is to identify the positions and properties of all possible celestial bodies (such as stars, galaxies, transient sources, etc.) from the image. The observation star catalog contains information such as the position (such as right ascension, declination), brightness, shape parameters, etc. of all point sources detected in the image. The purpose of target matching is to find celestial bodies that exist in the observation star catalog but not in the template star catalog. These celestial bodies may be newly emerging transient sources.

[0049] In some specific embodiments, coordinate matching can be used to compare the coordinates of celestial bodies in the observed star catalog with the coordinates of celestial bodies in the template star catalog to determine which celestial bodies exist in both star catalogs. This usually involves a certain tolerance range to take into account observation errors and changes in the positions of celestial bodies over time. In addition to coordinate matching, in some possible embodiments, other attributes of celestial body targets (such as brightness, color, etc.) can also be compared to further confirm the matching results, but the present invention is not limited to this.

[0050] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 In some embodiments, the above step S130 may include: checking the number of times each target to be detected of the first-level transient source candidate appears in the same position of multiple consecutive observation star catalogs, and when the number of times the target to be detected appears in the same position is greater than or equal to a preset number, the target to be detected is used as a second-level transient source candidate.

[0051] It is understandable that the preset number of times can be set according to the observation needs. As an example, the preset number of times can be, for example, 2 times, that is, if a certain target to be detected appears at the same position in multiple consecutively observed star catalogs for more than 2 times, the target to be detected can be used as a candidate for a secondary transient source. In this way, some interfering targets or noise that appear accidentally can be removed.

[0052] On the basis of the above embodiment, the ratio of the number of times the target to be detected appears at the same position to the number of frames of multiple continuous observation star catalogs is greater than or equal to the preset ratio. In other words, the number of times the target to be detected appears at the same position is not only greater than or equal to the preset number, but also needs to occupy a certain proportion in the number of frames of multiple continuous observation star catalogs. For example, if the preset ratio is set to 40%, and the number of frames of multiple continuous observation star catalogs is 5, then the number of times the target to be detected appears at the same position needs to be greater than or equal to 2 times. In this way, the number of secondary transient source candidates can be further streamlined while ensuring accuracy.

[0053] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 In some embodiments, the above step S140 may include: target matching the secondary transient source candidate with a specific star catalog, and taking the target that the secondary transient source candidate has but the specific star catalog does not have as the tertiary transient source candidate. In other words, by comparing the secondary transient source candidate with one or more specific star catalogs, those celestial bodies that are not in the secondary transient source candidate but in the specific star catalog are found. Target matching can be performed by coordinate matching, and its process is similar to the target matching between the observed star catalog and the template star catalog in the previous text, so it will not be repeated.

[0054] In some embodiments, the specific star catalog includes at least one of a general all-sky star catalog, a variable star catalog, an asteroid star catalog, and a secondary transient source candidate historical star catalog. The general all-sky star catalog usually contains the position information of a large number of known stars and other stable celestial bodies in the sky. Matching with this type of star catalog can exclude those known and stable celestial bodies, thereby narrowing the scope to newly discovered or transient celestial bodies. The variable star catalog contains the position and light-varying characteristics of known variable stars. Matching with this star catalog can distinguish transient sources from known variable stars. The asteroid star catalog contains the position and orbit information of asteroids. Since asteroids move in the night sky, they may be mistaken for transient sources. Matching with this star catalog can eliminate this possibility. The secondary transient source candidate historical star catalog contains the historical records of the secondary transient source candidates previously screened out. Matching with this star catalog can identify those transient sources that appear repeatedly. If a target appears on multiple nights, it can be considered as a frequently appearing false target and needs to be screened out. The secondary transient source candidates can be matched with these specific star catalogs at the same time or in sequence, and the present invention does not make specific limitations. In this way, a greatly reduced number of tertiary transient source candidates can be obtained from the secondary transient source candidates, and major interference or useless targets can be screened out, thereby facilitating subsequent transient source confirmation.

[0055] Figure 4 The effect diagram of the display page of the three-level transient source candidates according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 4 The figure includes the comparison between the template and the observed image, in which the transient (i.e., flare) candidate is identified. The figure shows the OT light curve, coordinate change, OT matching record list, OT detailed record list, OT follow-up light curve and other information of the transient candidate. It should be noted that Figure 4 The page effect shown is only a display, and is not intended to limit the display page of the third-level transient source candidate. The displayed information can be selectively increased or deleted according to actual needs.

[0056] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the above step S150 may include: displaying the third-level transient source candidate in the observation star catalog to the user in a warning color, and sending a warning message to the user, so that the user can determine the transient source based on the light curve of the third-level transient source candidate and the manual observation results.

[0057] Specifically, the warning color can be, for example, red or other prominent colors, so that users can quickly and clearly identify it. The warning information can be sent to the user through a wired network or a wireless network. The warning information can be in the form of instant messaging messages, text messages, or emails. After receiving the warning information, the user can quickly find the third-level transient source candidates that have been screened, and perform astronomical observations on the celestial body targets corresponding to each third-level transient source candidate. The user can combine the observation results and the detailed data of the third-level transient source candidates (such as Figure 4 The light curve in the image is used to determine whether the third-level transient source candidate is a transient source, and corresponding records and operations are performed. The light curve is an important basis for judging whether a celestial body is a transient source. It can be judged by checking the shape of the light curve, comparing the time scale of the luminosity change, and evaluating the statistical significance of the luminosity change. In this way, an accurate transient source can be obtained. Since the transient source candidates have been screened at multiple levels, the number of manually confirmed third-level transient source candidates has been greatly reduced, thereby reducing the workload of manual confirmation and significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of transient source identification.

[0058] Based on the above astronomical optical transient source identification method, the present invention also provides an astronomical optical transient source identification device based on star catalog matching, which has the same technical features and effective effects as the above astronomical optical transient source identification method. Figure 5 The device is further described.

[0059] Figure 5 The block diagram of the device for identifying astronomical optical transient sources based on star catalog matching according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, the astronomical optical transient source identification device 500 based on star catalog matching may include: a template star catalog generation module 510 , a first determination module 520 , a second determination module 530 , a third determination module 540 and a display module 550 .

[0061] The template star catalog generation module 510 is used to generate a template star catalog of the sky region according to the historical image star catalog list of the sky region. In some embodiments, the template star catalog generation module 510 can be used to perform the above step S110.

[0062] The first determination module 520 is used to match the acquired multiple observation star catalogs of the sky region with the template star catalog to determine the primary transient source candidates of the sky region. In some embodiments, the first determination module 520 can be used to execute the above step S120.

[0063] The second determination module 530 is used to determine the secondary transient source candidates among the primary transient source candidates according to the number of times the primary transient source candidates appear in multiple consecutive observation star catalogs. In some embodiments, the second determination module 530 can be used to perform the above step S130.

[0064] The third determination module 540 is used to target match the secondary transient source candidate with a specific star catalog in the star catalog library to determine the tertiary transient source candidate in the secondary transient source candidate. In some embodiments, the third determination module 540 can be used to perform the above step S140.

[0065] The display module 550 is used to display the three-level transient source candidates to the user so that the user can determine the transient source in the three-level transient source candidates. In some embodiments, the display module 550 can be used to perform the above step S150.

[0066] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for identifying astronomical optical transient sources based on star catalog matching, comprising: Generate a template star catalog of the sky area according to the historical image star catalog list of the sky area; Performing target matching on the acquired multiple observation star catalogs of the sky area and the template star catalog to determine the primary transient source candidates of the sky area; Determining secondary transient source candidates among the primary transient source candidates according to the number of times the primary transient source candidates appear in a plurality of consecutive observation star catalogs; Performing target matching between the secondary transient source candidate and a specific star catalog in a star catalog library to determine a tertiary transient source candidate among the secondary transient source candidates; The three-level transient source candidates are presented to a user so that the user can determine a transient source among the three-level transient source candidates.

2. The method for identifying astronomical optical transient sources according to claim 1, wherein generating a template star catalog of the sky region according to a list of historical image star catalogs of the sky region comprises: Performing point source extraction on each of the multiple historical images of the sky area to obtain a star catalog list of the historical images; The star catalog with the highest image quality in the historical image star catalog list is selected as the template star catalog.

3. The astronomical optical transient source identification method according to claim 2, wherein the step of selecting the star catalog with the highest image quality in the historical image star catalog list as the template star catalog comprises: Calculate the half-height full width average of each star catalog in the historical image star catalog list; The star catalog with the smallest half-height full width average is selected as the template star catalog.

4. The astronomical optical transient source identification method according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing target matching on the plurality of observation star catalogs of the sky region obtained and the template star catalog to determine the primary transient source candidates of the sky region comprises: Performing point source extraction on a plurality of observation images of the sky area to obtain the plurality of observation star catalogs; Target matching is performed between the multiple observed star catalogs and the template star catalog, and targets present in the multiple observed star catalogs but not in the template star catalog are taken as the primary transient source candidates.

5. The method for identifying astronomical optical transient sources according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the secondary transient source candidates among the primary transient source candidates according to the number of times the primary transient source candidates appear in a plurality of consecutively observed star catalogs comprises: The number of times each target to be detected of the primary transient source candidate appears in the same position of the multiple continuous observation star catalogs is checked, and when the number of times the target to be detected appears in the same position is greater than or equal to a preset number, the target to be detected is used as the secondary transient source candidate.

6. The astronomical optical transient source identification method according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of the number of times the target to be detected appears at the same position to the number of frames of the multiple continuously observed star catalogs is greater than or equal to a preset ratio.

7. The astronomical optical transient source identification method according to claim 1, wherein the target matching of the secondary transient source candidate with a specific star catalog in a star catalog library to determine the tertiary transient source candidate among the secondary transient source candidates comprises: The secondary transient source candidate is matched with the specific star catalog, and the target included in the secondary transient source candidate but not in the specific star catalog is used as the tertiary transient source candidate.

8. The method for identifying astronomical optical transient sources according to claim 7, wherein the specific star catalog comprises at least one of a general all-sky star catalog, a variable star catalog, an asteroid star catalog, and a historical star catalog of secondary transient source candidates.

9. The astronomical optical transient source identification method according to claim 1, wherein presenting the three-level transient source candidates to a user so that the user can determine the transient source in the three-level transient source candidates comprises: The third-level transient source candidate is displayed to the user in a warning color in the observation star catalog, and a warning message is sent to the user, so that the user can determine the transient source according to the light curve of the third-level transient source candidate and the manual observation result.

10. An astronomical optical transient source identification device based on star catalog matching, comprising: A template star catalog generation module, used for generating a template star catalog of a sky area according to a list of historical image star catalogs of the sky area; A first determination module is used to perform target matching between the acquired multiple observation star catalogs of the sky area and the template star catalog to determine the primary transient source candidates of the sky area; A second determination module is used to determine the secondary transient source candidates among the primary transient source candidates according to the number of times the primary transient source candidates appear in a plurality of continuous observation star catalogs; A third determination module is used to perform target matching between the secondary transient source candidate and a specific star catalog in a star catalog library to determine a tertiary transient source candidate among the secondary transient source candidates; A display module is used to display the three-level transient source candidates to a user, so that the user can determine the transient source in the three-level transient source candidates.

Images