Coastal zone rock and soil stratum erosion catastrophe process sensing equipment and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a coastal zone rock-soil stratum erosion catastrophe process sensing device and a use method, and relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring equipment, the coastal zone rock-soil stratum erosion catastrophe process sensing device comprises an underground sensing system, an underground sensing system and a monitoring system, the underground sensing system comprises a detection pipe group, and the lower end part of the detection pipe group is inserted into a rock-soil stratum; the ground sensing system comprises an assembling cylinder, and a rod body is coaxially arranged in the assembling cylinder; and the axial force sensor is used for monitoring the axial tensile stress borne by the rod body. According to the coastal zone rock-soil stratum erosion catastrophe process sensing equipment and the use method, the technical problems that existing geological disaster monitoring equipment only measures the deformation amount of a deep rock-soil stratum, and it is difficult to truly feed back the accurate relevance of the influence of sufficient deformation of the deep rock-soil stratum on surface deformation are solved; through the axial force sensor, the tensile stress sensor and the pore water pressure sensor assembly, long-term monitoring of the geomechanical action process caused by rock and soil stratum seepage failure is achieved, the stratum erosion failure position is visually judged, and effective monitoring and early warning of geological disasters are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring equipment, and in particular to a device for sensing the erosion disaster process of rock strata in a coastal zone and a method for using the device. Background Art

[0002] Coastal erosion is a geological process driven by natural or human factors that causes the scouring and destruction of coastal rock and soil strata, including shoreline retreat, beach erosion, beach narrowing, increased height difference of steep slopes, and coarsening of beach materials. The technical methods and means for investigation, evaluation and monitoring of geological disasters caused by coastal erosion include high-resolution remote sensing images, RTK technology direct coordinate method, single-beam water depth measurement, drone aerial survey and geological drilling, etc., mainly focusing on the measurement and analysis of coastal evolution trends, shoreline elevation measurement and erosion and siltation rate, and the technical issues of long-term monitoring of coastal lithology conditions and rock and soil stratum stability.

[0003] The existing technology has the following defects: On the one hand, the current surface deformation monitoring technology is used to monitor the coastal erosion disaster process, which includes the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), radar, photogrammetry and optical remote sensing. The monitoring cycle of these technologies is usually carried out in years, months and weeks. The occurrence of rock stratum disasters caused by coastal erosion has temporal and spatial uncertainties, and the initial erosion deformation of the coastal zone to the final instability and destruction is a catastrophic process from gradual damage inside the rock stratum to external macroscopic deformation. The surface deformation monitoring technology is easily interfered by external factors. On the other hand, the existing geological disaster monitoring equipment only measures the deformation of deep rock strata, and it is difficult to truly feedback the accurate correlation between the full deformation of deep rock strata and the impact of surface deformation. Therefore, a sensing device and a method for using the coastal rock stratum erosion disaster process are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for sensing the erosion disaster process of coastal rock strata, which solves the technical problems that the existing coastal geological disaster monitoring is easily disturbed by external factors and the existing deep deformation monitoring only measures the deformation of deep rock strata, and it is difficult to truly feedback the accurate correlation between the full deformation of deep rock strata and the impact of surface deformation.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a device for sensing the erosion disaster process of rock and soil strata in the coastal zone, comprising: a prefabricated concrete plate, arranged on the ground;

[0006] The underground sensing system comprises: a detection tube group, the lower end of which is inserted into a rock formation, and a pore water pressure sensor assembly is provided at the lower end of the detection tube group, and the pore water pressure sensor assembly is used to monitor the pore water pressure of the rock formation in real time;

[0007] The ground sensing system comprises: an assembly tube, which is arranged on the top surface of the precast concrete slab, a rod body is coaxially arranged inside the assembly tube, and the lower end of the rod body is connected to the upper end of the detection tube group;

[0008] A yield ring is arranged at the upper end of the assembly tube, the top surface of the yield ring abuts against the tooth plate structure, and the tooth plate structure and the yield ring are both sleeved on the outer side wall of the rod body;

[0009] An axial force sensor is disposed at the upper end of the rod body, the bottom surface of the axial force sensor abuts against the tooth plate structure, and the axial force sensor is used to monitor the axial tensile stress on the rod body;

[0010] The Internet of Things communication device is used to send the data collected by the pore water pressure sensor assembly and the axial force sensor to a cloud data server.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a power supply system, which includes: a column, which is arranged on the top surface of the precast concrete slab, a solar photovoltaic panel is arranged on the upper end of the column, and the solar photovoltaic panel is used to convert light energy into electrical energy; a distribution box is arranged in the middle part of the column, and the distribution box is used to store and regulate the electrical energy converted by the solar photovoltaic panel and supply power to the axial force sensor and the pore water pressure sensor assembly through a cable.

[0012] Preferably, the tooth plate structure comprises: a plurality of tooth plates integrally arranged from top to bottom, and the thickness of the plurality of tooth plates decreases successively from top to bottom.

[0013] Preferably, the detection tube group includes: a first connecting tube group, the upper end of the first connecting tube group is connected to the lower end of the rod body, the lower end of the first connecting tube group is connected to the second connecting tube through a first tensile stress sensor, the second connecting tube is connected to the third connecting tube, and the pore water pressure sensor assembly is arranged in the third connecting tube.

[0014] Preferably, the first connecting tube group is composed of a plurality of extension tubes, both ends of the extension tubes are provided with internal threads, and two adjacent extension tubes are connected together via a second tensile stress sensor.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of first assembly holes are arranged in an array on the outer side wall of the lower end of the second connecting tube, a plurality of second assembly holes are arranged in an array on the outer side wall of the upper end of the third connecting tube, and each first assembly hole is connected to a second assembly hole via a second bolt rod.

[0016] Preferably, the rock formation is provided with cast-in-place piles, and the cast-in-place piles are connected to the third connecting pipe.

[0017] Preferably, connectors are provided at both ends of the first connecting tube group, the second connecting tube and the third connecting tube, the two ends of the first tensile stress sensor and the two ends of the second tensile stress sensor are respectively connected to the corresponding connectors, and a plurality of through-holes are arranged in an array on the end faces of the connectors.

[0018] Preferably, a mounting flange is provided at the upper end of the assembly cylinder, the mounting flange is connected to the fixing flange via a plurality of third bolt rods, the yield ring is provided on the top surface of the fixing flange, and a matching hole for penetrating the rod body is provided in the middle portion of the mounting flange and the fixing flange.

[0019] Accordingly, the technical solution of the present invention also provides a method for using a device for sensing a coastal rock stratum erosion disaster process, comprising:

[0020] S1: The pore water pressure sensor component monitors the pore water pressure of the rock formation in real time, obtains the changes in the pore water pressure of the rock formation caused by the underground hydrodynamics of the coastal zone, and directly feeds back the degree of seepage damage of the rock formation;

[0021] S2: When deformation occurs inside the coastal rock formation, the detection tube group pulls the rod downward, and the upper end of the rod squeezes the axial force sensor, which squeezes the tooth structure and the yield ring. When the pressure on the tooth structure reaches a certain limit value, the tooth structure undergoes multi-stage fractures under the support of the yield ring to unload. The axial force sensor monitors the unloading change process of the tensile stress on the rod during the fracture of the tooth structure.

[0022] S3: The data collected by the axial force sensor and the pore water pressure sensor assembly are sent to the cloud data server via the Internet of Things communication device to monitor the coastal erosion disaster process in real time.

[0023] Compared with the above background technology, the coastal rock stratum erosion disaster process sensing device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The present invention monitors the pore water pressure of the rock formation in real time through the pore water pressure sensor assembly, and can then learn the changes in the pore water pressure of the rock formation caused by the underground hydrodynamic action in the coastal zone, and directly feedback the degree of seepage damage to the rock formation. When deformation occurs inside the rock formation in the coastal zone, the detection pipe group pulls the rod downward, and the upper end of the rod squeezes the axial force sensor, and the axial force sensor squeezes the tooth structure and the yield ring. When the pressure on the tooth structure reaches a certain limit value, the tooth structure undergoes multi-stage fractures under the top support of the yield ring to unload. The axial force sensor monitors the unloading change process of the rod body under the tensile stress during the fracture of the tooth structure, thereby directly feedbacking the accurate correlation between the deformation and damage of the deep rock formation and the deformation of the surface, and can effectively monitor and warn the geological disasters caused by coastal erosion and damage. The method of using the coastal rock formation erosion disaster process sensing device adopted in the present invention also has the above beneficial effects.

[0025] (2) The present invention sends the data collected by the axial force sensor and pore water pressure sensor assembly to the cloud data server through the Internet of Things communication equipment, identifies the surface deformation and settlement disaster-causing process caused by the transmission of seepage deformation inside the coastal rock formation based on the multivariate monitoring data, conducts long-term real-time monitoring of the transmission influence process of surface deformation caused by the internal destruction of the rock formation, accurately knows the time of formation destruction and the specific location of the geological disaster, and the present invention is a monitoring technology buried in the coastal rock formation. Compared with the equipment such as the whole station, air and space photography, optical remote sensing, synthetic aperture radar and three-dimensional laser scanning in the surface deformation monitoring technology, it will not be disturbed by external factors. The method of using the coastal rock formation erosion disaster process perception device adopted in the present invention also has the above beneficial effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a depth sensing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] FIG2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of point A in FIG1 ;

[0029] FIG3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of point B in FIG1 ;

[0030] FIG4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of point C in FIG1 ;

[0031] FIG5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of point D in FIG1 ;

[0032] Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a connector provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Specifically, 1-precast concrete slab; 2-assembly cylinder; 3-rod body; 4-yield ring; 5-tooth structure; 6-axial force sensor; 7-pore water pressure sensor assembly; 8-Internet of Things communication equipment; 9-column; 10-distribution box; 11-cable; 12-first rib; 13-adjusting nut; 14-protective cover; 15-solar photovoltaic panel; 16-first connecting pipe group; 17-second connecting pipe; 18-third connecting pipe; 19-cast pile; 20-second rib; 21-third rib; 22-first tensile stress sensor; 23-second tensile stress sensor; 24-connector; 25-threading hole; 26-mounting flange; 27-fixing flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0036] As shown in FIG1 , in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a coastal rock stratum erosion disaster process sensing device, comprising: a precast concrete slab 1 arranged on the ground, on which a ground sensing system and a power supply system are arranged; in addition, an underground sensing system is arranged below the ground, and the underground sensing system is used to monitor the deformation process of deep rock strata.

[0037] Specifically, the underground sensing system includes: a detection tube group, the upper end of the detection tube group is connected to the lower end of the rod body 3, the lower end of the detection tube group is inserted into the rock formation, and the lower end of the detection tube group is arrayed with a number of pore water pressure sensor assemblies 7, and the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 monitors the pore water pressure of the rock formation in real time. It should be noted that the pore water pressure parameter is a key parameter for evaluating underground hydrodynamics, and the degree of seepage damage of coastal rock formations can be evaluated based on this. By knowing the changes in pore water pressure of rock formations caused by underground hydrodynamics in the coastal zone, the degree of seepage damage of rock formations can be directly fed back. In addition, the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 can also monitor in real time the mechanical indicators such as effective stress, shear strength and formation temperature of rock formations during the erosion of coastal rock formations, further assisting in increasing the diversity of monitoring data and enhancing the accuracy of rock formation monitoring.

[0038] As shown in Figure 3, the ground sensing system is arranged near the power supply system, and the precast concrete slab 1 is used to provide a stable installation platform for the ground sensing system and the power supply system. The ground sensing system includes: an assembly tube 2 arranged on the top surface of the precast concrete slab 1, specifically, the precast concrete slab 1 has a central opening, and the thickness of the precast concrete slab 1 is 100mm, the assembly tube 2 is made of steel, and the wall thickness of the assembly tube 2 is 10mm, and the assembly tube 2 is fixed to the top surface of the precast concrete slab 1 by full welding of the external hexagonal bolts and the first rib plate 12 to form a complete support structure, wherein the first rib plate 12 is triangular.

[0039] As shown in Fig. 2, a rod body 3 is coaxially arranged inside the assembly cylinder 2, and a yield ring 4 is arranged at the upper end of the assembly cylinder 2. The top surface of the yield ring 4 abuts against the tooth plate structure 5, and the tooth plate structure 5 and the yield ring 4 are both sleeved on the outer wall of the rod body 3. It should be noted that the tooth plate structure 5 and the yield ring 4 are both slidably connected to the rod body 3, the upper end of the yield ring 4 is a cylindrical structure, and the yield ring 4 has a certain elastic deformation capacity. When the tooth plate structure 5 and the yield ring 4 are subjected to an extrusion force, the tooth plate structure 5 breaks step by step to unload, and the yield ring 4 is deformed again to ensure that the tooth plate structure 5 and the yield ring 4 can accurately reflect the stress condition of the rod body 3.

[0040] An axial force sensor 6 is arranged at the upper end of the rod body 3, wherein the bottom surface of the axial force sensor 6 abuts against the tooth plate structure 5. The axial force sensor 6 is used to monitor the axial tensile stress exerted on the rod body 3. At the same time, an adjusting nut 13 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the rod body 3, and the bottom surface of the adjusting nut 13 abuts against the top surface of the axial force sensor 6. By screwing the adjusting nut 13, the preload force applied by the rod body 3 to the axial force sensor 6 can be flexibly adjusted to ensure stable cooperation between the rod body 3 and the axial force sensor 6, the tooth plate structure 5 and the yield ring 4.

[0041] The power supply system is connected to the Internet of Things communication device 8, and the Internet of Things communication device 8 is connected to the axial force sensor 6 and the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 through the cable 11. The data collected by the axial force sensor 6 and the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 are sent to the cloud data server through the Internet of Things communication device 8. The disaster-causing process of surface deformation and settlement caused by the transmission of internal seepage deformation of coastal rock strata is identified based on the multivariate monitoring data, and the transmission influence process of surface deformation caused by internal damage to rock strata is monitored in long-term real-time.

[0042] When in use, the ground sensing system and the power supply system are arranged on the ground, and the underground sensing system is arranged underground, wherein the detection pipe group is arranged in the rock formation, and the pore water pressure of the rock formation is monitored in real time through the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7, so as to obtain the change of pore water pressure of the rock formation caused by the underground hydrodynamic action in the coastal zone, and directly feedback the degree of seepage damage of the rock formation. When deformation occurs inside the rock formation in the coastal zone, the detection pipe group pulls the rod body 3 downward, and the upper end of the rod body 3 squeezes the axial force sensor 6, and the axial force sensor 6 squeezes the tooth structure 5 and the yield ring 4. When the pressure on the tooth structure 5 reaches a certain limit value, the tooth structure 5 undergoes multi-stage fracture under the top support of the yield ring 4. The axial force sensor 6 monitors the unloading change process of the rod body 3 under the tensile stress during the fracture of the tooth structure 5, thereby directly feeding back the accurate correlation between the deformation and damage of the deep rock formation and the surface deformation. The Internet of Things communication device 8 sends the data collected by the axial force sensor 6 and the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 to the cloud data server, and further calculates and analyzes the data collected by the axial force sensor 6 and the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 through the cloud data server, and identifies the surface deformation and settlement disaster-causing process caused by the internal seepage deformation transmission of the coastal rock formation according to the multivariate monitoring data, and conducts long-term real-time monitoring of the transmission influence process of the surface deformation caused by the internal destruction of the rock formation. Moreover, the overall sensing equipment is buried in the coastal rock formation for monitoring. Compared with the equipment such as the whole station, aerospace photography, optical remote sensing, synthetic aperture radar and three-dimensional laser scanning in the surface deformation monitoring technology, it will not be disturbed by external factors, such as trees and animal occlusion, and effectively enhances the accuracy of rock formation monitoring.

[0043] The power supply system includes: a column 9, with the column 9 serving as the main supporting structure of the entire power supply system. Specifically, the column 9 is arranged on the top surface of the precast concrete slab 1, and the column 9 is fixed to the top surface of the precast concrete slab 1 by full welding of the external hexagonal bolts and the second rib 20 to form a complete main supporting structure. Preferably, the second rib 20 is triangular in shape as a whole, and a solar photovoltaic panel 15 is arranged at the upper end of the column 9, and the solar photovoltaic panel 15 converts light energy into electrical energy. In addition, a distribution box 10 is arranged in the middle part of the column 9, and the distribution box 10 is connected to the solar photovoltaic panel 15 through a cable 11, and the electrical energy converted by the solar photovoltaic panel 15 is stored and voltage-regulated through the distribution box 10, and the distribution box 10 supplies power to the axial force sensor 6 and the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 through the cable 11.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, the tooth structure 5 includes: a plurality of teeth integrally arranged from top to bottom, correspondingly, the upper end portion of the yield ring 4 is spherical as a whole, and the upper end portion of the yield ring 4 is hollowed out, the top surface of the yield ring 4 abuts against the bottom layer of teeth in the tooth structure 5, and the top surface of the yield ring 4 only contacts with the bottom layer of teeth in the tooth structure 5. When the pressure exerted on the tooth structure 5 reaches a certain limit value, the teeth are sheared and broken under the supporting action of the yield ring 4. As the pressure provided by the rod body 3 to the axial force sensor 6 further increases, a plurality of teeth are broken in sequence from bottom to top to form a unloading change process. The axial force sensor 6 monitors the unloading change process of the rod body 3 under the tensile stress during the fracture of the tooth structure 5.

[0045] In addition, the thickness of several teeth decreases from top to bottom, and when the pressure provided by the rod body 3 to the axial force sensor 6 increases gradually, the teeth are ensured to break from top to bottom to unload. It should be noted that after all the teeth in the tooth structure 5 are broken, the yield ring 4 begins to deform and unload further, that is, the minimum pressure required for the elastic deformation of the yield ring 4 is greater than the pressure required for the uppermost tooth in the tooth structure 5 to break.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the detection tube group includes: a first connecting tube group 16, the upper end of the first connecting tube group 16 is connected to the lower end of the rod body 3, the lower end of the first connecting tube group 16 is connected to the second connecting tube 17 through the first tensile stress sensor 22, the second connecting tube 17 is connected to the third connecting tube 18, the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 is arranged in the third connecting tube 18, and the first connecting tube group 16 and the second connecting tube 17 are connected through the first tensile stress sensor 22. The specific position of the deformed rock formation can be accurately known according to the force condition of the first tensile stress sensor 22, thereby accurately knowing the time and specific position of the disaster.

[0047] In addition, the first connecting tube group 16 is composed of several extension tubes, both ends of the extension tubes are provided with internal threads, and two adjacent extension tubes are connected together through the second tensile stress sensor 23. According to the position where the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 is to be placed, the third connecting tube 18 is lowered to the required depth, which is used as the basis for selecting the number of extension tubes, and then the length of the first connecting tube group 16 is flexibly adjusted to ensure that the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 is accurately placed at the set position.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 5 , in one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of first assembly holes are arranged in an array on the outer wall of the lower end of the second connecting tube 17, and a plurality of second assembly holes are arranged in an array on the outer wall of the upper end of the third connecting tube 18, and each first assembly hole is connected to a second assembly hole by a second bolt rod.

[0049] In addition, a through hole is provided at the lower end of the third connecting pipe 18, and the through hole connects the inner side and the outer side of the third connecting pipe 18. Since the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 is provided on the inner side of the third connecting pipe 18, the through hole can ensure that the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 can detect the hydrological dynamic effects in the underground rock formations in the coastal zone.

[0050] It should be noted that the rock formation is provided with a bored pile 19, and the bored pile 19 is connected to the third connecting pipe 18. Before installing the underground sensing system, it is necessary to drill holes in the ground through drilling equipment, and the bored pile 19, the third connecting pipe 18, the second connecting pipe 17 and the first connecting pipe group 16 are placed into the borehole in sequence. The bored pile 19 is located at the bottom of the borehole, wherein the lower end of the third connecting pipe 18 is inserted into the bored pile 19, and the bored pile 19 is stably connected to the third connecting pipe 18 by pouring concrete into the bored pile 19 after the paper concrete solidifies, thereby improving the connection strength between the third connecting pipe 18 and the rock layer. After the internal deformation of the rock formation, the third connecting pipe 18 will not be easily pulled out. The accuracy of the real-time monitoring data of the axial force sensor 6 in the ground sensing system ensures the accuracy of the relationship between the deformation and damage of the deep rock formation and the surface deformation, and further ensures the effective monitoring and early warning of geological disasters caused by coastal erosion and damage.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, connectors 24 are provided at both ends of the first connecting tube group 16, the second connecting tube 17 and the third connecting tube 18, and both ends of the first tensile stress sensor 22 and both ends of the second tensile stress sensor 23 are respectively connected to the corresponding connectors 24. Specifically, the connectors 24 are respectively provided at both ends of the first connecting tube group 16, both ends of the second connecting tube 17 and both ends of the third connecting tube 18, and both ends of the first tensile stress sensor 22 and both ends of the second tensile stress sensor 23 are integrally provided with first bolt rods, and the corresponding connectors 24 are connected by using the first bolt rods, so that the first connecting tube group 16, the second connecting tube 17 and the third connecting tube 18 are stably connected.

[0052] As shown in Figure 4, it should be noted that the lower end of the rod body 3 and the upper end of the first connecting tube group 16 are both provided with internal threads. Furthermore, the lower end of the rod body 3 and the upper end of the first connecting tube group 16 are threadedly connected to the connector 24. The above two connectors 24 are connected together by a fourth bolt rod, thereby stably connecting the rod body 3 and the first connecting tube group 16.

[0053] like Figure 6As shown, the end face array of the connector 24 is provided with a plurality of threading holes 25 that penetrate therethrough. Specifically, four threading holes 25 are provided, and all four threading holes 25 can be used for passing the cable 11. On the premise that the rod body 3, the first connecting tube group 16, the second connecting tube 17 and the third connecting tube 18 are correspondingly connected, the cable 11 can be connected to the first tensile stress sensor 22, a plurality of second tensile stress sensors 23 and the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7, and the cable 11 will not be exposed to the outside of the first connecting tube group 16, the second connecting tube 17 and the third connecting tube 18, thereby preventing the cable 11 from being corroded and damaged underground, effectively improving the service life of the cable 11, and at the same time, the cable 11 will not affect the force exerted on the first connecting tube group 16, the second connecting tube 17 and the third connecting tube 18 when the rock formation is deformed, thereby ensuring that the detection environment of the first tensile stress sensor 22, the second tensile stress sensor 23 and the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 is not affected.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, a mounting flange 26 is provided at the upper end of the assembly cylinder 2, and the mounting flange 26 is connected to the fixing flange 27 through a plurality of third bolt rods, and a yield ring 4 is provided on the top surface of the fixing flange 27, and a matching hole for penetrating the rod body 3 is provided in the middle of the mounting flange 26 and the fixing flange 27, and the matching hole is slidably connected to the rod body 3. Further, a third rib plate 21 is welded and connected to the outer wall of the upper end of the assembly cylinder 2, and the top surface of the third rib plate 21 is welded and connected to the bottom surface of the mounting flange 26, and the mounting flange 26 is reinforced by the third rib plate 21, and preferably, the third rib plate 21 is triangular in shape as a whole.

[0055] In addition, a protective cover 14 is provided at the upper end of the assembly tube 2. Specifically, the protective cover 14 is installed on the top of the column 9 through lateral bolts and fixed by lateral nuts. The protective cover 14 can provide a certain degree of protection for the axial force sensor 6, the tooth structure 5 and the yield ring 4, avoiding damage caused by long-term erosion by rainwater, thereby improving the service life of the overall equipment.

[0056] Preferably, the protective cover 14 is made of acrylic material, and the protective cover 14 covers the upper end of the ground sensing system. The protective cover 14 made of acrylic material has a certain degree of transparency. The staff can observe the stress conditions of the tooth structure 5 and the yield ring 4 without removing the protective cover 14, which is more practical.

[0057] The method for using the coastal rock stratum erosion disaster process sensing device adopted by the present invention specifically includes the following steps: the lower end of the third connecting pipe 18 is inserted into the bored pile 19, the ground is drilled by means of drilling equipment, concrete is poured into the bored pile 19, and after the paper concrete solidifies, the bored pile 19 is stably connected to the third connecting pipe 18, and the bored pile 19, the third connecting pipe 18, the second connecting pipe 17 and the first connecting pipe group 16 are placed into the borehole in turn until the bored pile 19 is located at the bottom of the borehole. At this time, the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 is located at the set position, and the pore water pressure of the rock stratum is monitored in real time by the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7, so as to obtain the change of pore water pressure of the rock stratum caused by the underground hydrodynamic action of the coastal zone, and directly feedback the degree of seepage damage of the rock stratum. The ground sensing system and the power supply system are arranged on the ground. When deformation occurs inside the coastal rock formation, the detection pipe group pulls the rod body 3 downward, and the upper end of the rod body 3 squeezes the axial force sensor 6. The axial force sensor 6 squeezes the tooth structure 5 and the yield ring 4. When the pressure on the tooth structure 5 reaches a certain limit value, the tooth structure 5 undergoes multi-stage fractures under the top support of the yield ring 4 to unload. The axial force sensor 6 monitors the unloading change process of the rod body 3 subjected to tensile stress during the fracture of the tooth structure 5, and directly feeds back the accurate correlation between the deformation and damage of the deep rock formation and the surface deformation. The Internet of Things communication device 8 sends the data collected by the axial force sensor 6 and the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7 to the cloud data server. The cloud data server further calculates and analyzes the data collected by the axial force sensor 6, the first tensile stress sensor 22, the second tensile stress sensor 23 and the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7, and identifies the surface deformation and settlement disaster-causing process caused by the internal seepage deformation transmission of the coastal rock formation according to the multivariate monitoring data, and accurately knows the time and specific location of the disaster.

[0058] In summary, the pore water pressure of the rock formation is monitored in real time through the pore water pressure sensor assembly 7, and the change of the pore water pressure of the rock formation caused by the underground hydrodynamic action in the coastal zone is known, and the degree of seepage damage of the rock formation is directly fed back. When deformation occurs inside the rock formation in the coastal zone, the axial force sensor 6 monitors the unloading change process of the rod body 3 under the tensile stress during the fracture of the tooth structure 5, and directly feeds back the force response of the rod body 3 during the deformation of the deep rock formation leading to the deformation of the surface. According to the response of the first tensile stress sensor 22 and the second tensile stress sensor 23 at different positions, the erosion layer of the coastal zone formation is judged, and the position of the erosion damage of the formation is intuitively judged, and effective monitoring and early warning of geological disasters are achieved.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are merely used to distinguish one entity from other entities, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0060] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for sensing the erosion disaster process of rock and soil strata in the coastal zone, characterized in that: include: A precast concrete slab (1) is placed on the ground; An underground sensing system comprises: a detection tube group, the lower end of which is inserted into a rock formation, and a pore water pressure sensor assembly (7) is provided at the lower end of the detection tube group, the pore water pressure sensor assembly (7) being used to monitor the pore water pressure of the rock formation in real time; A ground sensing system comprises: an assembly tube (2) arranged on the top surface of the precast concrete slab (1), a rod body (3) being coaxially arranged inside the assembly tube (2), the lower end of the rod body (3) being connected to the upper end of the detection tube group; A yield ring (4) is arranged at the upper end of the assembly tube (2), the top surface of the yield ring (4) abuts against the tooth plate structure (5), and the tooth plate structure (5) and the yield ring (4) are both sleeved on the outer side wall of the rod body (3); An axial force sensor (6) is arranged at the upper end of the rod body (3), the bottom surface of the axial force sensor (6) abuts against the tooth plate structure (5), and the axial force sensor (6) is used to monitor the axial tensile stress exerted on the rod body (3); The Internet of Things communication device (8) is used to send the data collected by the pore water pressure sensor assembly (7) and the axial force sensor (6) to a cloud data server.

2. The device for sensing the erosion disaster process of rock formations in the coastal zone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a power supply system, the power supply system comprising: a column (9) disposed on the top surface of the precast concrete slab (1), a solar photovoltaic panel (15) disposed at the upper end of the column (9), the solar photovoltaic panel (15) being used to convert light energy into electrical energy, a distribution box (10) disposed at the middle portion of the column (9), the distribution box (10) being used to store and regulate the electrical energy converted by the solar photovoltaic panel (15) and to supply power to the axial force sensor (6) and the pore water pressure sensor assembly (7) via a cable (11).

3. The device for sensing the erosion disaster process of rock formations in the coastal zone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tooth plate structure (5) comprises: a plurality of tooth plates which are integrally arranged from top to bottom, and the thickness of the plurality of tooth plates decreases in sequence from top to bottom.

4. A device for sensing the erosion disaster process of rock formations in the coastal zone according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The detection tube set comprises: a first connecting tube set (16), the upper end of the first connecting tube set (16) being connected to the lower end of the rod body (3), the lower end of the first connecting tube set (16) being connected to a second connecting tube (17) via a first tensile stress sensor (22), the second connecting tube (17) being connected to a third connecting tube (18), and the pore water pressure sensor assembly (7) being arranged in the third connecting tube (18).

5. The device for sensing the erosion disaster process of rock formations in the coastal zone according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first connecting tube group (16) is composed of a plurality of extension tubes spliced ​​together, both ends of the extension tubes are provided with internal threads, and two adjacent extension tubes are connected together via a second tensile stress sensor (23).

6. The device for sensing the erosion disaster process of rock formations in the coastal zone according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of first assembly holes are arranged in an array on the outer side wall of the lower end of the second connecting tube (17), and a plurality of second assembly holes are arranged in an array on the outer side wall of the upper end of the third connecting tube (18), and each first assembly hole is connected to one of the second assembly holes via a second bolt rod.

7. The device for sensing the erosion disaster process of rock formations in the coastal zone according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rock formation is provided with cast-in-place piles (19), and the cast-in-place piles (19) are connected to the third connecting pipe (18).

8. The device for sensing the erosion disaster process of rock formations in the coastal zone according to claim 7, characterized in that: Connectors (24) are provided at both ends of the first connecting tube group (16), the second connecting tube (17) and the third connecting tube (18); the two ends of the first tensile stress sensor (22) and the two ends of the second tensile stress sensor (23) are respectively connected to the corresponding connectors (24); and a plurality of through-holes (25) are arranged in an array on the end surface of the connector (24).

9. A device for sensing the erosion disaster process of coastal rock formations according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A mounting flange (26) is provided at the upper end of the assembly cylinder (2), the mounting flange (26) being connected to a fixing flange (27) via a plurality of third bolt rods, the yield ring (4) being provided on the top surface of the fixing flange (27), and a matching hole for penetrating the rod body (3) being provided in the middle portion of the mounting flange (26) and the fixing flange (27).

10. A method for using a device for sensing the erosion disaster process of rock formations in a coastal zone, characterized in that: A device for sensing the erosion disaster process of coastal rock formations, as used in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: S1: The pore water pressure sensor assembly (7) monitors the pore water pressure of the rock formation in real time, obtains the change of the pore water pressure of the rock formation caused by the groundwater dynamics in the coastal zone, and directly feeds back the degree of seepage damage of the rock formation; S2: When deformation occurs inside the rock formation in the coastal zone, the detection tube assembly pulls the rod body (3) downward, the upper end of the rod body (3) squeezes the axial force sensor (6), and the axial force sensor (6) squeezes the tooth structure (5) and the yield ring (4). When the pressure on the tooth structure (5) reaches a certain limit value, the tooth structure (5) undergoes multi-stage fractures under the support of the yield ring (4) to unload the load. The axial force sensor (6) monitors the unloading change process of the tensile stress on the rod body (3) during the fracture of the tooth structure (5); S3: The data collected by the axial force sensor (6) and the pore water pressure sensor assembly (7) are sent to a cloud data server via an Internet of Things communication device (8) to monitor the coastal erosion disaster process in real time.

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