Three-position switch mechanism and three-position switch

Abstract

The invention relates to a connecting and separating mechanism of an operating part of a contact operating mechanism, a three-position switch mechanism and a three-position switch. The three-position switch mechanism comprises a mechanism plate and an operation handle, an isolation operation gear and a grounding operation gear are rotationally assembled on the front face of the mechanism plate through a shaft sleeve, and an inner hole of the shaft sleeve forms a handle operation hole; a circular limiting disc is rotationally mounted on the back surface of the base and is in transmission connection with the isolation operation gear and the grounding operation gear; a rotation stopping structure is arranged on the front portion of the handle, an anti-retreating blocking head is arranged in front of the rotation stopping structure, and when the rotation stopping structure is matched with a rotation stopping groove in the corresponding gear, the limiting disc is located behind the anti-retreating blocking head; the radius of the limiting disc is larger than the distance between the center of the disc and the anti-retreating blocking head. The mechanism prevents abrasion caused by collision and friction between a switch contact and an isolation position and a grounding position after closing, or prevents potential safety hazards caused by insufficient isolation of a three-position switch when the switch is in a middle position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a connection and separation mechanism for an operating member of a contact operating mechanism, in particular to a three-position switch mechanism and a three-position switch. Background Art

[0002] When manually operating the three-position switch mechanism, avoid the operating handle from falling out of the mechanism when it is not in place; when electrically operating the three-position switch, avoid the operating handle from being inserted into the mechanism when it is not in place; in addition, the three-position mechanism must be stably limited in the isolation, isolation, grounding, and grounding positions to avoid deviations in the movement of the main contacts due to inaccurate limits.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent application with application publication number CN113936949A and application publication date 2022 / 01 / 14 discloses a manual limit operating device for a three-position switch mechanism, wherein the three-position operating handle limit device of the device includes a mechanism plate, a manual operating hole is arranged on the mechanism plate, and a wheel disc is also installed at the radial side of the manual operating hole, and three grooves are arranged on the edge of the wheel disc, and the three grooves correspond to the three positions of the three-position switch, and a pin shaft is also installed at the radial side position of the wheel disc, and a limiting member is installed on the pin shaft, and the limiting member includes a center ring and an operating handle stop rod and a wheel disc linkage rod extending radially from the center ring, the center ring is rotatably installed on the pin shaft and a torsion spring is arranged between the center ring and the wheel disc, and a cam mechanism is formed between the wheel disc linkage rod and the wheel disc, and under the action of the torsion spring, the wheel disc linkage rod always leans against the wheel disc.

[0004] During the rotation of the wheel, when the wheel linkage rod cooperates with the position of the wheel where the groove is not set, it means that the three-position switch is not operated in place. At this time, the operating handle block rod blocks the manual operation hole, making it impossible for the operating handle to be pulled out. When the wheel linkage rod cooperates with the groove of the wheel, it means that the three-position switch is operated in place. At this time, the operating handle block rod avoids the manual operation hole.

[0005] A baffle is provided at the front end of the operating handle of the above-mentioned operating device. Therefore, when the operating handle baffle blocks the manual operating hole, the operating handle cannot be pulled out, thereby realizing the function that the operating handle can only be pulled out after the switch is operated in place, and solving the problem of preventing the operating handle from escaping from the mechanism when it is not in place during manual operation of the above-mentioned three-position switch mechanism.

[0006] However, the handle limit operating device can still rotate the operating handle after the three-position switch is fully closed or in the isolation open or ground open position, thereby driving the three-position switch contacts to rotate. If the switch contacts have reached the isolation closed or ground closed position and the operating handle is still rotated, the contacts will collide and rub with the isolation position or ground position, causing component wear. Over time, this may affect the contact performance of the contacts; if the operating handle is still rotated in the isolation open or ground open position, the switch may not be fully opened, which will be a huge safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a three-position switch mechanism to solve the problem that the manual operation limit device of the existing three-position switch mechanism cannot accurately limit the contacts of the three-position switch when the three-position switch is isolated, isolated, grounded, or grounded.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is also to provide a three-position switch to solve the problem that the manual operation limit device of the existing three-position switch mechanism cannot accurately limit the contacts of the three-position switch when the three-position switch is isolated, isolated, grounded, and grounded.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the three-position switch mechanism of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A three-position switch mechanism comprises a mechanism plate and an operating handle, wherein an isolation operating gear and a grounding operating gear are rotatably mounted on the front of the mechanism plate through a shaft sleeve, and a circular limit plate is rotatably mounted on the back, wherein the limit plate is transmission-connected to the isolation operating gear and the grounding operating gear, and the inner hole of the shaft sleeve constitutes a handle operating hole, and a stop structure for cooperating with a stop groove provided on the end face of the isolation operating gear or the grounding operating gear is provided at the front of the handle, and an anti-backward stop head is provided in front of the stop structure, and when the stop structure cooperates with the corresponding stop groove, the limit plate is located behind the anti-backward stop head The radius of the limit disk is larger than the distance from the center of the disk to the anti-backward stop head. Two avoidance openings for avoiding the anti-backward stop head to insert and remove the handle are arranged at intervals at the edge of the limit disk. A limit stop block is arranged between the two avoidance openings. During the isolation operation, the two avoidance openings correspond to the isolation open position and isolation closed position of the isolating switch respectively, and the limit stop block cooperates with the operating handle on both sides of the circumferential direction of the limit disk; during the grounding operation, the two avoidance openings correspond to the grounding open position and grounding closed position of the isolating switch respectively, and the limit stop block cooperates with the operating handle on both sides of the circumferential direction of the limit disk.

[0010] Further, the anti-retraction stopper is a cylindrical stopper, and the avoidance opening is an arc-shaped avoidance opening corresponding to the anti-retraction stopper.

[0011] Furthermore, arc-shaped positioning grooves corresponding to the anti-retraction stop heads are respectively arranged on both side surfaces of the limit stop block, and the arc-shaped positioning grooves overlap with the corresponding arc-shaped avoidance openings.

[0012] Furthermore, the anti-retraction stopper is formed by cutting a ring groove on the handle rod of the handle.

[0013] Further, the isolation operation gear is meshed with the grounding operation gear, and is drivingly connected to the limit plate through one of them.

[0014] Furthermore, the anti-rotation structure is composed of an anti-rotation pin radially inserted into the handle rod of the operating handle.

[0015] Furthermore, the isolation operation gear and the grounding operation gear are rotationally matched with corresponding sleeves through bearings respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the limit stopper is connected to the limit plate by welding or fasteners.

[0017] Furthermore, the limit stopper is a step-shaped stopper, and the thickness of one end of the limit stopper close to the limit plate is greater than the thickness of the other end.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The three-position switch mechanism of the present invention is a pioneering invention. During manual operation, when the three-position switch is closed in the isolation and grounding positions, the limit block cooperates with the operating handle in the circumferential direction of the limit disk to prevent the operating handle from continuing to rotate, preventing the contact from colliding and rubbing with the isolation position and the grounding position to cause wear. When the three-position switch is rotated to the isolation and grounding positions, the limit block cooperates with the operating handle in the circumferential direction of the limit disk to prevent the safety hazard caused by the three-position switch not being opened in place.

[0019] To achieve the above purpose, the three-position switch of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A three-position switch mechanism comprises a mechanism plate and an operating handle, wherein an isolation operating gear and a grounding operating gear are rotatably mounted on the front of the mechanism plate through a shaft sleeve, and a circular limit plate is rotatably mounted on the back, wherein the limit plate is transmission-connected to the isolation operating gear and the grounding operating gear, and the inner hole of the shaft sleeve constitutes a handle operating hole, and a stop structure for cooperating with a stop groove provided on the end face of the isolation operating gear or the grounding operating gear is provided at the front of the handle, and an anti-backward stop head is provided in front of the stop structure, and when the stop structure cooperates with the corresponding stop groove, the limit plate is located behind the anti-backward stop head The radius of the limit disk is larger than the distance from the center of the disk to the anti-backward stop head. Two avoidance openings for avoiding the anti-backward stop head to insert and remove the handle are arranged at intervals at the edge of the limit disk. A limit stop block is arranged between the two avoidance openings. During the isolation operation, the two avoidance openings correspond to the isolation open position and isolation closed position of the isolating switch respectively, and the limit stop block cooperates with the operating handle on both sides of the circumferential direction of the limit disk; during the grounding operation, the two avoidance openings correspond to the grounding open position and grounding closed position of the isolating switch respectively, and the limit stop block cooperates with the operating handle on both sides of the circumferential direction of the limit disk.

[0020] Further, the anti-retraction stopper is a cylindrical stopper, and the avoidance opening is an arc-shaped avoidance opening corresponding to the anti-retraction stopper.

[0021] Furthermore, arc-shaped positioning grooves corresponding to the anti-retraction stop heads are respectively arranged on both side surfaces of the limit stop block, and the arc-shaped positioning grooves overlap with the corresponding arc-shaped avoidance openings.

[0022] Furthermore, the anti-retraction stopper is formed by cutting a ring groove on the handle rod of the handle.

[0023] Further, the isolation operation gear is meshed with the grounding operation gear, and is drivingly connected to the limit plate through one of them.

[0024] Furthermore, the anti-rotation structure is composed of an anti-rotation pin radially inserted into the handle rod of the operating handle.

[0025] Furthermore, the isolation operation gear and the grounding operation gear are rotationally matched with corresponding sleeves through bearings respectively.

[0026] Furthermore, the limit stopper is connected to the limit plate by welding or fasteners.

[0027] Furthermore, the limit stopper is a step-shaped stopper, and the thickness of one end of the limit stopper close to the limit plate is greater than the thickness of the other end.

[0028] Beneficial effects: The three-position switch of the present invention is a pioneering invention, specifically, it comprises a switch body and a three-position switch mechanism connected to the switch body, when manually operated, when the three-position switch is closed in the isolation closed and grounding closed positions, the limit block cooperates with the operating handle in the circumferential direction of the limit disk to prevent the operating handle from continuing to rotate, thus preventing the contacts from colliding and rubbing with the isolation position and the grounding position to cause wear, when the three-position switch is rotated to the isolation open and grounding open positions, the limit block cooperates with the operating handle in the circumferential direction of the limit disk to prevent the safety hazard caused by the three-position switch not being opened in place. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the three-position switch mechanism of the present invention in the entire manual operating mechanism; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a three-position switch mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure when the middle handle is inserted; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Structural diagram of the middle gear transmission; Figure 5 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure when the middle three-position switch is in the middle position; Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the operating handle.

[0030] In the figure: 1. operating handle; 21. anti-rotation groove; 22. isolation operating gear; 221. isolation operating hole; 23. grounding operating gear; 231. grounding operating hole; 3. mechanism plate; 4. limit plate; 5. limit block; 72. anti-rotation structure; 721. anti-rotation pin; 73. anti-backward stop head; 731. cylindrical stop head; 82. avoidance; 9. arc-shaped avoidance; 10. arc-shaped positioning groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Invention concept: During manual operation, when the three-position switch is rotated to the isolation closed position and the grounding closed position, the circumferential rotation of the three-position switch operating handle is restricted, which can prevent the contacts from colliding and rubbing with the isolation position and the grounding position to cause wear, thereby affecting their contact performance; and when the three-position switch is rotated to the isolation open position and the grounding open position, the circumferential rotation of the three-position switch operating handle is restricted, which can prevent the safety hazard caused by the three-position switch not being opened in place.

[0032] Based on the above conception, as a basic solution, the three-position switch mechanism of the present invention includes a mechanism plate 3 and an operating handle 1. The isolation operating gear 22 and the grounding operating gear 23 are rotatably assembled on the front of the mechanism plate 3 through shaft sleeves. The isolation operating gear 22 and the grounding operating gear 23 are coaxially arranged at the mechanism plate 3 with an isolation operating hole 221 and a grounding operating hole 231. The shaft sleeve on which the isolation operating gear 22 and the grounding operating gear 23 are installed are coaxially arranged with the isolation operating hole 221 and the grounding operating hole 231. A limit plate 4 is rotatably installed on the back of the mechanism plate 3. The limit plate 4 is located on one side of the axial connection line between the isolation operating gear 22 and the grounding operating gear 23 and is transmission-connected to the isolation operating gear 22 and the grounding operating gear 23. The inner hole of the shaft sleeve constitutes the handle operating hole.

[0033] A stop structure 72 is provided at the front of the operating handle 1 for cooperating with the stop groove 21 provided on the end face of the isolation operating gear 22 or the grounding operating gear 23, and an anti-backward stop head 73 is provided in front of the stop structure 72. When the stop structure 72 cooperates with the corresponding stop groove 21, the anti-backward stop head 73 extends to the back side of the mechanism plate 3, and the limit plate 4 is located behind the anti-backward stop head 73.

[0034] The limit plate 4 is a circular plate, and its radius is larger than the distance from the center of the circular plate to the anti-retraction stop 73. Two avoidance openings are arranged at intervals at the edge of the limit plate 4 to avoid the anti-retraction stop 73 and to insert and remove the operating handle 1, and a limit stop block 5 is arranged between the two avoidance openings. When the operating handle 1 is inserted into the sleeve corresponding to the isolation operating gear 22, one of the two avoidance openings 82 corresponds to the isolation opening position of the isolation switch, and the other corresponds to the isolation closing position of the isolation switch. One side of the limit stopper 5 in the circumferential direction of the limit disk 4 is stopped and cooperated with the anti-retraction stopper 73 of the operating handle 1 when it is in the isolation opening position, and the other side is stopped and cooperated with the anti-retraction stopper 73 of the operating handle 1 when it is in the isolation closing position; when the operating handle 1 is inserted into the sleeve corresponding to the grounding operating gear 23, one of the two avoidance openings 82 corresponds to the grounding opening position of the isolation switch, and the other corresponds to the grounding closing position of the isolation switch. One side of the limit stopper 5 in the circumferential direction of the limit disk 4 is stopped and cooperated with the anti-retraction stopper 73 of the operating handle 1 when it is in the grounding opening position, and the other side is stopped and cooperated with the anti-retraction stopper 73 of the operating handle 1 when it is in the grounding closing position.

[0035] The anti-retraction stopper 73 can be an annular boss structure formed with the handle rod, and the shape and size of the avoidance opening 82 should satisfy the requirements of allowing the annular boss structure to be freely inserted into the front of the limit plate 4 and allowing the annular boss structure to smoothly escape from the limit plate 4; the limit stopper 5 is arranged between the two avoidance openings 82, and the arrangement of the limit stopper 5 should satisfy the requirement that when the avoidance opening 82 of the limit plate 4 is turned to the anti-retraction stopper 73, the anti-retraction stopper 73 cooperates with the limit stopper 5 in the circumferential direction, and the anti-retraction stopper 73 can be smoothly escaped from the avoidance opening 82; the limit stopper 5 can be an integral block structure, or it can be two separate block structures respectively arranged between the two avoidance openings 82, or it can be a part of the limit plate 4.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the anti-backward stop head 73 is a cylindrical stop head 731, and the two avoidance openings 82 are a first arc-shaped avoidance opening 91 and a second arc-shaped avoidance opening 92 corresponding to the anti-backward stop head 73; arc-shaped positioning grooves 10 corresponding to the anti-backward stop head 73 are respectively arranged on both side surfaces of the limit stop block 5, and the arc-shaped positioning grooves 10 coincide with the corresponding arc-shaped avoidance openings 9; the anti-backward stop head 73 is formed by opening a ring groove on the handle rod of the handle, and the isolation operating gear 22 is meshed with the grounding operating gear 23, and is transmission-connected to the limit plate 4 through one of them; the anti-rotation structure 72 is composed of a stop pin 721 inserted radially into the handle rod of the operating handle 1, and the isolation operating gear 22 and the grounding operating gear 23 are respectively rotatably matched with the corresponding shaft sleeves through bearings; the limit stop block 5 is connected to the limit plate 4 by welding or fasteners, and the limit stop block 5 is a step-shaped stop block, and the thickness of one end close to the limit plate 4 is greater than the thickness of the other end.

[0037] When operating a three-position switch, Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown in FIG, the isolation operation gear 22 is in transmission connection with the limit plate 4. When the three-position switch is isolated and opened-isolated and closed, Figure 5 Taking the direction shown as an example, at this time, the three-position switch is in the isolation point and grounding point, that is, in the middle position, the cylindrical stopper 731 of the operating handle 1 is extended to the back of the mechanism plate 3 through the withdrawal sleeve and the isolation operation hole 221 and extended to the front of the limit plate 4 through the first arc-shaped avoidance opening 91, and the anti-rotation pin 721 on the operating handle 1 is inserted into the anti-rotation groove 21 at the end of the transmission gear 2, and the operating handle 1 is rotated counterclockwise to drive the isolation operation gear 22 to perform gear transmission, such as Figure 3As shown, at this time, the limit plate 4 rotates in the clockwise direction under the drive of the operating handle 1, and the first arc-shaped avoidance opening 91 turns away from the cylindrical stop head 731 of the operating hand 1. At this time, the cylindrical stop head 731 and the edge of the limit plate 4 are blocked in the axial direction, so that the operating handle cannot escape from the axial direction; when the three-position switch is turned to the isolation position, the second arc-shaped avoidance opening 92 turns to the cylindrical stop head 731, and the cylindrical stop head 731 and the second arc-shaped avoidance opening are blocked to prevent the operating handle 2 from continuing to rotate.

[0038] If the three-position switch continues to be isolated and closed-isolated and opened, the operating handle 1 is rotated clockwise to drive the isolation operating gear 22 to perform gear transmission. At this time, the limit plate 4 rotates in the clockwise direction under the drive of the operating handle 1, and the second arc-shaped avoidance opening 92 turns away from the cylindrical stop head 731 of the operating hand 1. At this time, the cylindrical stop head 731 and the edge of the limit plate 4 are axially blocked and cooperated, so that the operating handle cannot escape from the axial direction; when the three-position switch is turned to the isolation and opening position, the first arc-shaped avoidance opening 91 turns to the cylindrical stop head 731, and the cylindrical stop head 731 and the first arc-shaped avoidance opening are blocked and cooperated, preventing the operating handle 2 from continuing to rotate.

[0039] When the three-position switch is in the middle position, perform the grounding open-grounding close operation on the three-position switch to Figure 5 Taking the direction shown as an example, the cylindrical stopper 731 of the operating handle 1 is extended to the back of the mechanism plate 3 through the withdrawal sleeve and the grounding operation hole 231 and extended to the front of the limit plate 4 through the second arc-shaped avoidance opening 92, and the anti-rotation pin 721 on the operating handle 1 is inserted into the anti-rotation groove 21 at the end of the grounding operation gear 23. The operating handle 1 is rotated counterclockwise to drive the grounding operation gear 23 to rotate, and the grounding operation gear 23 drives the interlocking disk 4 through the middle isolation operation gear 22 to perform gear transmission. When the limit plate 4 rotates counterclockwise under the drive of the operating handle 1, the second arc-shaped avoidance opening 92 turns away from the cylindrical stop head 731 of the operating hand 1. At this time, the cylindrical stop head 731 and the edge of the limit plate 4 are blocked in the axial direction, so that the operating handle cannot escape from the axial direction; when the three-position switch is turned to the grounding position, the first arc-shaped avoidance opening 91 turns to the cylindrical stop head 731, and the cylindrical stop head 731 and the first arc-shaped avoidance opening are blocked to prevent the operating handle 2 from continuing to rotate.

[0040] If the three-position switch is continued to be grounded on and grounded off, the operating handle 1 is rotated clockwise to drive the grounding operating gear 23 through the middle isolation operating gear 22 to drive the interlocking disk 4 to perform gear transmission. At this time, the limit disk 4 is driven by the operating handle 1 and rotates in the clockwise direction. The first arc-shaped avoidance opening 91 turns away from the cylindrical stopper 731 of the operating hand 1. At this time, the cylindrical stopper 731 and the edge of the limit disk 4 are axially blocked and matched, so that the operating handle cannot be axially disengaged; when the three-position switch is turned to the grounded off position, the second arc-shaped avoidance opening 92 turns to the cylindrical stopper 731, and the cylindrical stopper 731 and the second arc-shaped avoidance opening 92 are blocked and matched, preventing the operating handle 2 from continuing to rotate. Figure 2 As shown, the operating handle 1 can be freely removed or inserted at the first arc-shaped avoidance opening 91 and the second arc-shaped avoidance opening 92. The above definition of the isolation operating gear and the grounding operating gear is limited to the description of the above scheme. In actual application, it should be combined with the specific application to select which is the isolation operating gear and which is the grounding operating gear.

[0041] The present invention further provides a three-position switch, comprising a switch body and a three-position switch mechanism connected to the switch body. The technical solution of the three-position switch mechanism has been described above and will not be repeated here.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the claims. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-position switch mechanism, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mechanism plate and an operating handle, wherein an isolation operating gear and a grounding operating gear are rotatably mounted on the front side of the mechanism plate through shaft sleeves, and a circular limit plate is rotatably mounted on the back side, wherein the limit plate is transmission-connected to the isolation operating gear and the grounding operating gear, and the inner hole of the shaft sleeve constitutes a handle operating hole, and a stop structure for cooperating with a stop groove provided on the end face of the isolation operating gear or the grounding operating gear is provided at the front part of the handle, and an anti-backward stop head is provided before the stop structure, and when the stop structure cooperates with the corresponding stop groove, the limit plate is located behind the anti-backward stop head, and the limit The radius of the disk is larger than the distance from the center of the disk to the anti-backward stop head. Two avoidance openings are arranged at intervals at the edge of the limit disk to avoid the anti-backward stop head so as to insert and remove the handle. A limit stop block is arranged between the two avoidance openings. During the isolation operation, the two avoidance openings correspond to the isolation open position and isolation closed position of the isolating switch respectively, and the limit stop blocks cooperate with the operating handle stops on both sides of the circumferential direction of the limit disk; during the grounding operation, the two avoidance openings correspond to the grounding open position and grounding closed position of the isolating switch respectively, and the limit stop blocks cooperate with the operating handle stops on both sides of the circumferential direction of the limit disk.

2. The three-position switch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-retraction stopper is a cylindrical stopper, and the avoidance opening is an arc-shaped avoidance opening corresponding to the anti-retraction stopper.

3. The three-position switch mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: Arc-shaped positioning grooves corresponding to the anti-retraction stop heads are respectively arranged on both side surfaces of the limit stop block, and the arc-shaped positioning grooves overlap with the corresponding arc-shaped avoidance openings.

4. The three-position switch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-retraction stopper is formed by cutting a ring groove on the handle rod of the handle.

5. The three-position switch mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The isolation operating gear is meshed with the grounding operating gear and is drivingly connected to the limiting plate through one of the gears.

6. The three-position switch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-rotation structure is composed of an anti-rotation pin radially inserted into the handle rod of the operating handle.

7. The three-position switch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation operation gear and the grounding operation gear are rotationally matched with corresponding shaft sleeves through bearings respectively.

8. The three-position switch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limit stopper is connected to the limit plate by welding or fasteners.

9. The three-position switch mechanism according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The limit stopper is a step-shaped stopper, and the thickness of one end of the limit stopper close to the limit plate is greater than the thickness of the other end.

10. A three-position switch, comprising a switch body and a three-position switch mechanism connected to the switch body, characterized in that: The three-position switch mechanism is the three-position switch mechanism described in any one of claims 1-9.

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