Electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on fiber woven structure, electric heating composite material and preparation method of electric heating element and electrode integrated material

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of electric heating materials, and discloses an electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on a fiber woven structure, an electric heating composite material and a preparation method thereof. An electric heating element and an electrode in the material are made of integrated fiber woven fabric. The electrode area is composed of a high-conductivity carbon fiber woven structure, and the high-conductivity characteristic of the electrode area is obtained through in-situ growth of graphene on the fiber surface through chemical vapor deposition; the electric heating area is composed of fiber cloth with a certain conductive characteristic. According to the fiber electric heating / electrode integrated woven structure, an extra electrode is prevented from being used in an electric heating material structure, and the problems of combination and connection of the electrode and the electric heating material and the defect of poor contact are solved. Meanwhile, the electric heating / electrode fiber integrated woven structure retains the integrity of a fiber electric heating element / electrode fabric, solves the problem of mismatching of material modulus, thermal expansion coefficient and the like caused by the use of a metal electrode, and can be applied to the fields of electric heating resin-based fiber composite materials, electric heating ice prevention and removal and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of electric heating materials, and in particular relates to an electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on a fiber braided structure, an electric heating composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electronic technology and materials science, researchers have developed a variety of electric heating elements and electrode materials, which are increasingly being used in the field of resin-based composite materials. Metal materials are the most common electric heating and electrode materials, but when introduced into resin-based composite materials for electric heating, there are serious mismatches in material modulus and thermal expansion coefficient, which easily form defects and cause a decrease in the mechanical properties of the material. At the same time, during the application process, the corrosion problem of metal electric heating and electrode materials in composite materials cannot be ignored. Inorganic fibers have the advantages of light weight, high strength, good fatigue resistance, and simple preparation process. They are widely used in many fields such as aerospace, transportation, and equipment manufacturing. Inorganic conductive fibers (such as carbon fibers) and fabrics have begun to replace metals as electric heating materials for advanced equipment. Compared with metal electric heating materials, inorganic conductive fibers have the advantages of uniform heating, corrosion resistance, and good compatibility with composite materials. Improving the mechanical properties and electric heating properties of inorganic conductive fibers is a hot research issue in current electric heating composite materials. Adding graphene to fiber fabrics is an effective method to improve their comprehensive application performance. The Chinese patent with publication number CN115716971A introduces a method for preparing an electrothermal carbon fiber composite material based on graphene oxide cross-linking reinforcement, which is a method of applying an aqueous solution of graphene oxide on the surface of carbon fiber or mixed fiber fabric, and then using a vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process to solidify and mold the fiber composite material. Electrothermal carbon fiber composite materials based on graphene oxide cross-linking reinforcement can effectively realize defrosting, deicing, electric heating and other functions in the application of mechanical equipment and aircraft wings, and improve their mechanical properties by 27%. The Chinese patent with publication number CN218941360U prepares a graphene electrothermal weavable fiber membrane cloth, which is composed of an insulating thermal conductive layer, a graphene electrothermal fabric layer, and an insulating heat insulation and moisture insulation layer; wherein the fiber fabric is made of polyester, graphene fiber and glass fiber. The process adds graphene fiber during the weaving process to enhance the spinnability, air permeability and moisture permeability, and the temperature rise is more uniform, while retaining the soft characteristics of the fiber fabric. However, the electrodes used in the practical application of conductive fiber fabric electric heating elements are all metal electrodes, which are connected to the conductive fabric in the form of foil or coating. These metal electrodes have serious mismatch problems with the electric heating fabric and the composite fiber and resin matrix during the subsequent preparation and application of electric heating composite materials. There are huge differences in mechanical properties and thermophysical properties (such as modulus, thermal expansion coefficient, etc.). They are easy to become defects during the use of composite materials, causing stress concentration and damage to the electric heating structure. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated material of an electric heating element and an electrode based on a fiber weaving structure, an electric heating composite material and a preparation method thereof. The present invention well solves the problem of mismatch between the electric heating element and the electrode.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on a fiber weaving structure includes an integrally woven two-dimensional fiber fabric body, wherein the two-dimensional fiber fabric body includes a first high-conductivity fiber electrode region, a second high-conductivity fiber electrode region, and a fiber electric heating region whose two ends are respectively connected to the first high-conductivity fiber electrode region and the second high-conductivity fiber electrode region, wherein graphene is in situ grown on the first high-conductivity fiber electrode region and the second high-conductivity fiber electrode region, and the resistance of the fiber electric heating region is less than the resistance of the first high-conductivity fiber electrode region and the resistance of the second high-conductivity fiber electrode region.

[0005] Preferably, the first high-conductive fiber electrode region is made of carbon fiber woven 2D fabric, or a fiber woven from carbon fiber woven 2D fabric and one or more of inorganic glass fiber, high silica fiber and quartz fiber; The second high-conductivity fiber electrode area adopts carbon fiber woven 2D fabric, or carbon fiber woven 2D fabric and one or more of inorganic glass fiber, high silica fiber and quartz fiber.

[0006] Preferably, the fiber electric heating zone is made of a fiber fabric woven from one of carbon fiber, high silica fiber, quartz fiber and alumina fiber, or a fiber fabric woven from a mixture of the above.

[0007] Preferably, the two-dimensional fiber fabric body adopts a fiber layer cloth of one or a combination of non-woven, unidirectional non-woven, plain and twill.

[0008] Preferably, the surface resistance of the first high-conductive fiber electrode region is less than 1 Ω / □, the surface resistance of the second high-conductive fiber electrode region is less than 1 Ω / □, and the surface resistance of the fiber electric heating region is 1-5000 Ω / □.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber braided structure, comprising the following steps: Cleaning and drying the integrated woven two-dimensional fiber fabric body; The fiber electric heating area on the two-dimensional fiber fabric body is sealed, the first high-conductivity fiber electrode area and the second high-conductivity fiber electrode area are exposed, and then chemical vapor deposition is performed to in-situ grow graphene on the surface of the two-dimensional fiber fabric body, and then the fiber electric heating area is contact-sealed to obtain the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber weaving structure.

[0010] Preferably, when chemical vapor deposition is performed, methanol is used as a precursor of graphene, and the temperature of chemical vapor deposition is 800-1100° C. and the time is 5 min-1 h.

[0011] The present invention also provides an electric heating composite material, including a resin matrix, into which is introduced the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber weaving structure of the present invention as described above, and insulated material fibers are provided on both sides of the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber weaving structure in the resin matrix to form an insulating layer.

[0012] Preferably, the insulating material fibers are glass fibers.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned electrically heated composite material, comprising the following steps: The electric heating element and the electrode integrated material based on the fiber woven structure are impregnated in a resin solution, and then dried to obtain a graphene / carbon fiber cloth prepreg; The graphene / carbon fiber cloth prepreg and the insulating material fiber prepreg are stacked, and then hot-pressed and cured at 120-130° C. to obtain the electric heating composite material.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber woven structure of the present invention, the first high-conductivity fiber electrode area, the second high-conductivity fiber electrode area and the fiber electric heating area are all part of the integrated woven two-dimensional fiber fabric body, so they are integrated. This integrated structure avoids the problem of using additional electrodes in the electric heating material structure, and solves the problems of combining, connecting and poor contact between electrodes and electric heating materials. In addition, graphene is grown in situ in the first high-conductivity fiber electrode area and the second high-conductivity fiber electrode area, and these in-situ grown graphenes retain the original mechanical strength and porous structure characteristics of the fiber fabric. These characteristics make the preparation processes such as impregnation and hot pressing of the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber woven structure of the present invention highly matched with the resin-based composite material, so that the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber woven structure of the present invention can be used as a reinforcing phase of the resin-based composite material, further improving the mechanical properties and service life of the electric heating composite material. When the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber woven structure of the present invention are used for resin-based composite materials, the material structure defects and metal corrosion damage caused by the introduction of metal electrodes are caused. From the above analysis, it can be seen that the present invention solves the problem of mismatch between the electric heating element and the electrode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric heating element and an electrode integrated material based on a fiber braided structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG2 (a) is a physical picture of the electric heating / electrode integrated structure prepared in Example 1 of the present invention; FIG2 (b) is a physical picture of the integrated structure based on mixed fiber filaments prepared in Example 2 of the present invention; FIG2 (c) is a physical picture of the electric heating composite material sample formed by pressing the electric heating / electrode integrated structure prepared in Example 3 of the present invention and glass fiber prepreg; FIG3 (a) is a first microscopic morphology of graphene in situ grown on the surface of the fiber in the electrode region of the integrated structure prepared in Example 1 of the present invention; FIG3 (b) is a second microscopic morphology of graphene in situ grown on the surface of the fiber in the electrode region of the integrated structure prepared in Example 1 of the present invention; FIG3 (c) is a third microscopic morphology of graphene in situ grown on the surface of the fiber in the electrode region of the integrated structure prepared in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 is a temperature rise curve of the electric heating / electrode integrated structure prepared in Example 1 of the present invention under a DC voltage of 3 V; FIG5(a) is a first microscopic morphology of graphene in situ grown on the surface of the fiber in the electric heating zone of the integrated structure prepared in Example 2 of the present invention; FIG5(b) is a second microscopic morphology of graphene in situ grown on the surface of the fiber in the electric heating zone of the integrated structure prepared in Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 6This is the temperature rise curve of the integrated structure woven with mixed fiber yarns prepared in Example 2 of the present invention under a DC voltage of 15 V.

[0016] In the figure, 1-high conductive fiber electrode area, 2-fiber electric heating area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] The electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber braided structure of the present invention is a new type of fiber electric heating element / electrode integrated braided structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the integrated structure comprises a high-conductivity fiber electrode region 1 and a fiber electric heating region 2 having suitable conductive characteristics. Figure 1Taking the typical structure shown as an example, both ends of the fiber electric heating zone 2 are provided with a high-conductivity fiber electrode zone 1, and the high-conductivity fiber electrode zones 1 at the left and right ends of the fiber electric heating zone 2 are respectively recorded as the first high-conductivity fiber electrode zone and the second high-conductivity fiber electrode zone. The first high-conductivity fiber electrode zone, the second high-conductivity fiber electrode zone and the fiber electric heating zone 2 are an integrated structure, and are part of the integrated woven two-dimensional fiber fabric body. Specifically, in the integrated woven two-dimensional fiber fabric body structure, the high-conductivity fiber electrode zone 1 is mainly made of carbon fiber woven 2D fabric, and the mixed part can also contain other fibers, such as inorganic glass fiber, high silica fiber, quartz fiber, any one or several combinations; the fiber electric heating zone 2 can be made of one or more of carbon fiber, high silica fiber, quartz fiber, alumina fiber and other fiber fabrics. The present invention uses an integrated fiber woven structure (i.e., an integrated woven two-dimensional fiber fabric) to prepare a fiber electric heating element (i.e., a fiber electric heating zone 2) and a fiber electrode (i.e., a high-conductivity fiber electrode zone 1) by in-situ growth of graphene on the fiber surface. Among them, the high-conductivity fiber electrode area 1 is a high-conductivity carbon fiber fabric modified by graphene, and the surface resistance is not greater than 1 Ω / □; the fiber electric heating area 2 is a fiber with a certain conductivity, such as glass fiber cloth and carbon fiber cloth modified by graphene, or carbon fiber cloth with a certain conductivity itself (without graphene deposition modification), and the surface resistance of the fiber electric heating area 2 is 1~5000 Ω / □. The conductivity of the high-conductivity fiber electrode area 1 and the fiber electric heating area 2 can be controlled by controlling the deposition time of graphene in the two areas (i.e., the above-mentioned high-conductivity fiber electrode area 1 and fiber electric heating area 2). The deposition of graphene in the high-conductivity fiber electrode area 1 and the fiber electric heating area 2 can be carried out simultaneously, or the fiber electric heating area 2 can be shielded and closed to control the deposition amount of graphene on the fiber surface in the fiber electric heating area 2 and adjust the conductivity and electric heating characteristics of the fiber electric heating area 2. In the present invention, the high-conductivity fiber electrode 1 and the fiber electric heating element (i.e., the fiber electric heating zone 2) are an integrated woven structure, which is well combined, and the material as a whole has high structural integrity, and has the characteristics of light weight, high flexibility, high strength, corrosion resistance, etc. This fiber integrated structure is highly matched with the preparation process and application of resin-based composite materials, and can be used for high-performance electric heating composite materials.

[0019] This embodiment provides a typical preparation method of the above-mentioned electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on fiber braiding structure, comprising the following steps: 1) Cut the two-dimensional fiber fabric into the required shape (for specific shapes, please refer to Figure 1 -Figure 2 (c) shape), then soak it in acetone solution, and then wash it repeatedly with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol alternately for several times, and then dry it for several hours for use.

[0020] 2) Carbon felt, carbon paper and molybdenum wire are used to seal the carbon fiber fabric of the electric heating element (i.e., the fiber electric heating zone 2) to maintain the fiber electric heating zone 2 with sufficient resistivity.

[0021] 3) Chemical vapor deposition is performed at 800~1100 ℃ to grow graphene in situ on the fiber surface.

[0022] 4) Methanol, as a precursor of graphene, is liquid at room temperature. Methanol can be heated to enter the chemical vapor deposition reaction chamber in gaseous form.

[0023] 5) The deposition time is controlled within 5 min~1 h, then the introduction of the precursor methanol gas is stopped, and the sample is taken out after the deposition furnace cools down, and the in-situ growth of graphene on the fiber surface is completed.

[0024] 6) Untie the sealing part of the electric heating element to complete the preparation of the integrated woven structure of the electric heating element / electrode material.

[0025] In the above scheme, the precursor can also be a mixture of alkanes and alcohols containing methanol. Carbon fiber itself has a certain conductivity, such as polyacrylonitrile-based or asphalt-based carbon fiber. The integrated fiber fabric can be any one or a combination of non-woven, unidirectional non-woven, plain, or twill fiber layer cloth.

[0026] The above scheme of the present invention effectively solves the integrity problem of the electric heating element / electrode material fiber fabric, can greatly improve the preparation quality of the electric heating composite material, avoids the mismatch problems in material modulus and thermal expansion coefficient caused by the use of metal electrodes, and also avoids the structural damage caused by material defects caused by the introduction of metal electrodes when the fiber electric heating element is used in resin-based composite materials; at the same time, it reduces the power loss caused by poor contact, incompatibility, metal corrosion and other problems between the electrode and the heating element.

[0027] The fiber integrated structural material obtained by this method can be directly used for electric heating, or it can be introduced into a resin-based composite material structure in the form of a fiber woven cloth or a prepreg to prepare a composite material with electric heating function, which can be applied to the fields of electric heating resin-based fiber composite materials, electric heating anti-icing and de-icing.

[0028] Embodiment 1: The method for preparing the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber braided structure of this embodiment comprises the following steps: 1) Cut the two-dimensional carbon fiber fabric into the shape shown in Figure 2 (a), soak it in acetone solution for 24 h, take it out, wash it with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol several times, and dry it at about 75 °C for use.

[0029] 2) Use carbon paper and graphite fixtures to seal the carbon fiber fabric in the electric heating zone (i.e., fiber electric heating zone 2) to control the growth of graphene on the fiber surface in the electric heating zone and maintain the surface resistance required for electric heating.

[0030] 3) Chemical vapor deposition is carried out at 900°C. Methanol, as a precursor of graphene, is liquid at room temperature. It is heated to a gaseous state and enters the chemical vapor deposition reaction chamber to grow graphene in situ on the surface of the carbon fiber in the electrode area.

[0031] 4) The deposition time is controlled at 5 minutes, then the introduction of the precursor is stopped, and the sample is taken out after the deposition furnace cools down.

[0032] 5) Open the sealed carbon paper and graphite fixture of the electric heating zone to complete the preparation of the integrated woven structure of the electric heating / electrode material; measure the surface resistance of the high conductive fiber electrode zone 1 to be 0.37 Ω / □, and measure the surface resistance of the fiber electric heating zone 2 to be 2.64 Ω / □.

[0033] 6) The sample prepared in step 5) was subjected to an electrothermal performance test under a DC voltage of 3 V. The temperature rise curve is shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the highest heating temperature is 80.7 ℃ after 60s.

[0034] Figures 3 (a), 3 (b) and 3 (c) are microscopic morphologies of the carbon fiber surface of the electrode part in the integrated structure prepared in this embodiment after in-situ growth of graphene. As can be seen from Figure 3 (a), the graphene structure on the fiber surface is continuous and complete, which is the main reason for the improvement of its conductivity; Figure 3 (b) shows its obvious lamellar graphene structure, and it can be seen that when the microstructure is damaged, only a small amount of graphene flakes will peel off, which is also due to its excellent mechanical properties and good bonding with the matrix fiber; Figure 3 (c) shows that the thickness of the graphene flake is between 100 nm and 200 nm.

[0035] Embodiment 2: The method for preparing the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber braided structure of this embodiment comprises the following steps: 1) Using mixed fiber yarns to weave an integrated fiber structure, the mixed integrated fiber fabric is made of carbon fiber and quartz fiber mixed together, wherein the electrode area is woven with carbon fiber, the warp yarn of which is connected to the quartz fiber weft yarn of the electric heating area, and the electric heating area is woven with quartz fiber. The shape of the obtained mixed fiber yarn woven integrated fiber structure is shown in Figure 2 (b).

[0036] 2) The mixed woven two-dimensional fiber fabric was soaked in an acetone solution for 24 h, taken out, washed with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol several times, and dried at about 75 °C for use.

[0037] 3) Chemical vapor deposition is carried out at 1100 °C. Methanol, as a precursor of graphene, is liquid at room temperature. It is heated to a gaseous state and enters the chemical vapor deposition reaction chamber, where graphene is grown in situ on the surface of carbon fiber and quartz fiber in the mixed fiber fabric.

[0038] 4) The deposition time is controlled at 1 h, then the introduction of the precursor is stopped, and the sample is taken out after the deposition furnace cools down.

[0039] 5) The preparation of the integrated woven structure of the electrothermal / electrode material was completed; the surface resistance of the high conductive fiber electrode area 1 was measured to be 0.42 Ω / □, and the surface resistance of the fiber electrothermal area 2 was measured to be 80 Ω / □.

[0040] 6) The sample prepared in step 5) was subjected to an electrothermal performance test under a DC voltage of 15 V. The temperature rise curve is shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the highest heating temperature is 101.8 ℃ after 60s.

[0041] Figures 5 (a) and 5 (b) are microscopic morphology images of graphene grown in situ on the surface of the quartz fiber in the electric heating zone of the integrated structure prepared in this embodiment. As can be seen from Figure 5 (a), the surface of the quartz fiber is relatively rough, and its growth direction is to spread and grow horizontally along the fiber surface, but the grown graphene sheets are still dense, which makes the originally non-conductive quartz fiber obtain sufficient conductivity to be used as an electric heating element; as can be seen from Figure 5 (b), the graphene sheets grown in situ on the surface of the quartz fiber have many defects and are uneven, but no large graphene sheets that are obviously peeled off are seen, so it is believed that the bonding force between the graphene sheets and the quartz fiber matrix is ​​good.

[0042] Embodiment 3: The method for preparing the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber braided structure of this embodiment comprises the following steps: 1) Cut the two-dimensional carbon fiber fabric into the shape shown in Figure 2 (c) and soak it in acetone solution for 24 h. Then take it out, wash it with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol several times, and dry it at about 75 °C for use.

[0043] 2) Use carbon paper and graphite fixtures to seal the carbon fiber fabric in the electric heating zone to control the growth of graphene on the fiber surface in the electric heating zone and maintain the surface resistance required for electric heating.

[0044] 3) Chemical vapor deposition is carried out at 800 °C. Methanol, as a graphene precursor, is liquid at room temperature. It is heated to a gaseous state and enters the chemical vapor deposition reaction chamber to grow graphene in situ on the surface of the carbon fiber in the electrode area.

[0045] 4) The deposition time is controlled at 10 min, then the introduction of the precursor is stopped and the sample is taken out after the deposition furnace cools down.

[0046] 5) Open the sealed carbon paper and graphite fixture of the electric heating zone to complete the preparation of the integrated woven structure of the electric heating / electrode material; measure the surface resistance of the high conductive fiber electrode zone 1 to be 0.36 Ω / □, and measure the surface resistance of the fiber electric heating zone 2 to be 2.1 Ω / □.

[0047] 6) Take an appropriate amount of epoxy resin solution and put it into an impregnation container together with the integrated structure sample prepared in step 5), immerse for 1 hour, then take it out and dry it to obtain a graphene / carbon fiber cloth prepreg sample for standby use.

[0048] 7) The prepreg sample was stacked with the glass fiber prepreg and hot-pressed and cured at 125±5°C for 15 minutes to obtain an epoxy resin-based composite material with integrated carbon fiber electric heating / electrode electric heating function, which included an outer layer of glass fiber insulation and an inner layer of carbon fiber electric heating / electrode integrated two-dimensional fiber fabric electric heating and electrode material.

[0049] 8) The electrothermal composite material sample prepared in step 7) was subjected to an electrothermal performance test under a DC voltage of 3 V. After 60 seconds, the maximum heating temperature was 60.3 °C.

[0050] It can be seen from the above scheme that the present invention obtains a woven structure integrating a high-conductivity electrode and an electric heating element by in-situ growing graphene on the surface of an integrated fiber fabric.

[0051] (1) The fiber electrothermal / electrode integrated woven structure avoids the problem of using additional electrodes in the electrothermal material structure, and solves the problems of combining and connecting the electrodes and the electrothermal material, as well as the drawbacks of poor contact.

[0052] (2) The integrated heating element-electrode material prepared by this method has high structural integrity, which solves the problem of stress damage and electric heating power loss caused by the mismatch between the mechanical properties and thermophysical properties (such as modulus, thermal expansion coefficient, etc.) of the heating element and the electrode of traditional electric heating materials.

[0053] (3) The integrated electrothermal / electrode fiber woven structure avoids material structural defects and metal corrosion damage caused by the introduction of metal electrodes when the electrothermal element is used in resin-based composite materials.

[0054] (4) After in-situ growth of graphene on the surface of the electrode / electrical heating integrated fiber fabric, the original mechanical strength and porous structure characteristics of the fiber fabric are retained. These characteristics make it highly compatible with the preparation processes such as impregnation and hot pressing of resin-based composite materials, so that the electric heating / electrode integrated fabric can be used as a reinforcing phase of the resin-based composite material, further improving the mechanical properties and service life of the electric heating composite material.

[0055] (5) In the integrated woven structure, the electrical conductivity of the electrode area and the electric heating area can be controlled by controlling the deposition time of graphene in the two areas. The deposition of graphene in the electrode area and the electric heating area can be carried out simultaneously; the electric heating area can also be shielded and closed to control the amount of graphene deposited on the fiber surface in the electric heating area. In this way, the electrothermal characteristics and electrical conductivity of the electric heating area and the electrode area in the integrated woven structure can be flexibly adjusted.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and implementation modes. They can be fully applied to the fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the equivalent scope of the claims, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on a fiber braided structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises an integrally woven two-dimensional fiber fabric body, the two-dimensional fiber fabric body comprising a first high-conductivity fiber electrode region, a second high-conductivity fiber electrode region, and a fiber electric heating region (2) whose two ends are respectively connected to the first high-conductivity fiber electrode region and the second high-conductivity fiber electrode region, the first high-conductivity fiber electrode region and the second high-conductivity fiber electrode region having graphene grown in situ, and the resistance of the fiber electric heating region (2) is smaller than the resistance of the first high-conductivity fiber electrode region and the resistance of the second high-conductivity fiber electrode region.

2. The electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on fiber braided structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first high-conductivity fiber electrode area adopts carbon fiber woven 2D fabric, or carbon fiber woven 2D fabric and one or more of inorganic glass fiber, high silica fiber and quartz fiber. The second high-conductivity fiber electrode area adopts carbon fiber woven 2D fabric, or carbon fiber woven 2D fabric and one or more of inorganic glass fiber, high silica fiber and quartz fiber.

3. The electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on fiber braided structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber electric heating zone (2) is made of a fiber fabric woven from one of carbon fiber, high silica fiber, quartz fiber and alumina fiber, or a fiber fabric woven from a mixture of the above fibers.

4. The electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on fiber braided structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two-dimensional fiber fabric body adopts a fiber layer cloth of one or a combination of non-woven, unidirectional non-woven, plain and twill.

5. The electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on fiber braided structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface resistance of the first high-conductivity fiber electrode zone is less than 1 Ω / □, the surface resistance of the second high-conductivity fiber electrode zone is less than 1 Ω / □, and the surface resistance of the fiber electric heating zone (2) is 1~5000 Ω / □.

6. The method for preparing the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber braided structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The process includes the following: Cleaning and drying the integrated woven two-dimensional fiber fabric body; The fiber electric heating area (2) on the two-dimensional fiber fabric body is sealed, the first high-conductivity fiber electrode area and the second high-conductivity fiber electrode area are exposed, and then chemical vapor deposition is performed to in-situ grow graphene on the surface of the two-dimensional fiber fabric body, and then the fiber electric heating area (2) is contact-sealed to obtain the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber braided structure.

7. The method for preparing the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on the fiber braided structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: When performing chemical vapor deposition, methanol is used as the precursor of graphene, and the temperature of chemical vapor deposition is 800~1100℃ and the time is 5 min~1 h.

8. An electrically heated composite material, characterized in that: It comprises a resin matrix, into which the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on fiber weaving structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are introduced, and insulating material fibers are arranged on both sides of the electric heating element and electrode integrated material based on fiber weaving structure in the resin matrix to form an insulating layer.

9. The electrically heated composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The insulating material fibers are glass fibers.

10. The method for preparing the electrically heated composite material according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The process includes the following: The electric heating element and the electrode integrated material based on the fiber woven structure are impregnated in a resin solution, and then dried to obtain a graphene / carbon fiber cloth prepreg; The graphene / carbon fiber cloth prepreg and the insulating material fiber prepreg are stacked, and then hot-pressed and cured at 120-130° C. to obtain the electric heating composite material.

Images