Fuel cell gas supply system and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas supply system for a fuel cell. The gas supply system comprises a storage bottle, a first heater, a first pipeline, the fuel cell and a controller, the storage bottle comprises an outer bottle and an inner bottle; the inner bottle is arranged in the outer bottle; liquid which is easily gasified after being heated is stored in the inner bottle; a vacuum layer is arranged between the inner surface of the outer bottle and the outer surface of the inner bottle; except the space occupied by the liquid in the inner bottle, the residual space forms a gas phase space; one end of the first pipeline is arranged at the gas phase space, and a ferromagnetic layer is arranged on the inner surface of one end, far away from the gas phase space, of the inner bottle; the first heater is an electromagnetic induction heater; and the controller is in control connection with the first heater through a pressure switch. According to the fuel cell gas supply system provided by the invention, the liquid is directly gasified in the storage bottle by adopting the first heater, and long-time and stable reaction gas supply can be provided for the fuel cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy unmanned aerial vehicles, and in particular to a fuel cell gas supply system and a control method. Background Art

[0002] Most of the existing fuel cell gas supply systems for unmanned aerial vehicles use extrusion, pumping and other forms to transport liquid hydrogen to the vaporizer to convert it into gaseous hydrogen, and then transport it to the fuel cell. Technologies such as helium supercharging, hydrogen self-supercharging and pump-type supercharging all belong to this category. Helium supercharging requires carrying a high-pressure helium cylinder, which increases the weight of the entire drone. Hydrogen self-supercharging technology arranges a section of finned pipeline in the supercharging device to pass liquid hydrogen through the finned pipeline. During this process, the liquid hydrogen absorbs environmental heat, changes from liquid to gas, and then returns to the storage tank. However, the application of hydrogen self-supercharging technology must take into account the compact structure and limited space of the drone body, which will restrict the height of the onboard liquid hydrogen container, and the liquid level difference formed may be limited. In addition, the low density of liquid hydrogen leads to insufficient gasification driving force, which may cause the liquid hydrogen delivery volume to fail to meet the needs of the fuel cell in time, making it difficult for this type of supercharging to achieve the expected gas supply effect. Pump-type supercharging is the most common supercharging method, but because the delivery medium is liquid hydrogen, there are still problems such as pump sealing, heat leakage, and cavitation caused by liquid hydrogen evaporation that need to be solved urgently.

[0003] At present, there is an urgent need for a fuel cell gas supply system to adapt to the design requirements of fuel cell drones for liquid hydrogen storage and the gas supply system must meet high mass hydrogen storage ratio, high volume hydrogen storage ratio, and low liquid hydrogen evaporation rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell gas supply system and a control method to achieve the design requirements of hydrogen fuel cell drones for liquid hydrogen storage and gas supply systems to meet high mass hydrogen storage ratio, high volume hydrogen storage ratio, and low liquid hydrogen evaporation rate.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a fuel cell gas supply system, comprising: a storage bottle, a first heater, a first pipeline, a fuel cell and a controller; the storage bottle comprises: an outer bottle and an inner bottle; the inner bottle is arranged inside the outer bottle; the inner bottle stores liquid that is easily vaporized when heated; a vacuum layer is provided between the inner surface of the outer bottle and the outer surface of the inner bottle; the space occupied by the liquid is removed from the inner bottle, and the remaining space forms a gas phase space; one end of the first pipeline is provided in the gas phase space, and the other end is connected to the fuel cell; a ferromagnetic layer is provided on the inner surface of the end of the inner bottle away from the gas phase space; the first heater is provided on the side of the vacuum layer close to the ferromagnetic layer; the first heater is an electromagnetic induction heater; the first heater has no direct contact with the outer surface of the inner bottle and the inner surface of the outer bottle; the controller controls the connection of the first heater through a pressure switch.

[0006] Furthermore, a heat insulating layer is provided on the outer surface of the inner bottle; a liquid level gauge is provided inside the inner bottle; the liquid level gauge is control-connected to the controller; and a partition is provided on the inner wall of one end of the inner bottle away from the gas phase space.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner surface of the outer bottle is elastically connected to the outer surface of the inner bottle via a connecting rod; the connecting rod comprises: a spring and a metal rod; the spring is arranged at one end of the metal rod close to the inner bottle.

[0008] Furthermore, a vacuum plug is provided on the outer surface of the outer bottle.

[0009] Furthermore, the first pipeline is also provided with: an outlet valve and an air intake device; the outlet valve is arranged at one end of the first pipeline close to the storage bottle; the outlet valve is control-connected to the controller; the air intake device is arranged at one end of the first pipeline close to the fuel cell; the air intake device includes: an air intake main valve and an electronic pressure regulating valve; the air intake main valve is control-connected to the controller.

[0010] Furthermore, a temperature regulating device and a pressure regulating device are also provided on the first pipeline; the temperature regulating device and the pressure regulating device are both arranged between the outlet valve and the air inlet device; the temperature regulating device includes: a second heater and a temperature sensor; the pressure regulating device includes: a pressure relief valve and a pressure sensor; the second heater is control-connected to the controller; the temperature sensor is control-connected to the controller; the pressure sensor is control-connected to the controller.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes: a second pipeline and a third pipeline; one end of the second pipeline and the third pipeline are both arranged in the gas phase space and the other end is arranged outside the outer bottle; the end of the second pipeline located outside the outer bottle is connected to a bursting disc; the end of the third pipeline located outside the outer bottle is connected to a one-way valve.

[0012] Furthermore, the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline are all coiled curved pipelines.

[0013] Furthermore, a control method for a fuel cell gas supply system is proposed, which is used to control the above-mentioned fuel cell gas supply system, and is characterized in that the control method for the fuel cell gas supply system comprises the following steps:

[0014] Open the air outlet valve, collect air pressure information and temperature information in the first pipeline connected to the storage bottle through a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor respectively, and transmit them to the controller;

[0015] The controller determines the working state of the fuel cell gas supply system according to the air pressure information and temperature information of the first pipeline and the liquid level information in the storage bottle.

[0016] Furthermore, the control method of the fuel cell gas supply system further includes the following steps:

[0017] S1: When the liquid level value is greater than the minimum liquid level value and the values ​​of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are both within the normal range, the fuel cell gas supply system is in a stable state, and the liquid in the storage bottle is gasified and passed into the fuel cell through the first pipeline;

[0018] S2: When the liquid level value is less than the minimum liquid level value, the fuel cell gas supply system is in a state of waiting for liquid filling; the one-way valve and the gas outlet valve are opened, and liquid is filled into the storage bottle through the third pipeline until the liquid level in the storage bottle reaches the upper limit, then the filling of liquid is stopped and S1 is executed;

[0019] S3: When the internal air pressure in the storage bottle is higher than the safety air pressure, the bursting disc will automatically open to release the pressure; after the storage bottle is inspected, execute S1;

[0020] S4: When the air pressure in the first pipeline is greater than the air pressure required by the fuel cell, the pressure relief valve starts to exhaust and relieve pressure. At this time, the storage bottle still supplies gas to the fuel cell normally until the air pressure in the first pipeline meets the air pressure required by the fuel cell and S1 is executed;

[0021] S5: when the air pressure in the first pipeline is lower than the air pressure required by the fuel cell, the controller controls the first heater to heat the storage bottle through the pressure switch until the air pressure in the first pipeline meets the air pressure required by the fuel cell, at which time, the first heater stops heating and executes S1;

[0022] S6: When the gas temperature in the first pipeline is lower than the gas temperature required by the fuel cell, the second heater starts heating until the gas temperature in the first pipeline meets the gas temperature required by the fuel cell. At this time, the second heater stops heating and executes S1.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The first heater of the fuel cell gas supply system proposed by the present invention uses an electromagnetic induction heater to directly gasify the liquid in the storage bottle, which can provide a long-term and stable supply of reaction gas to the fuel cell. In addition, the electromagnetic induction heating does not directly contact the inner bottle, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of heat leakage from the wire and can extend the storage time of the liquid that is easily gasified by heat; and the electromagnetic induction heating heats up and cools down quickly, and there is no inertia phenomenon during heating and cooling.

[0025] The present invention also proposes a control method for a fuel cell gas supply system, which can adjust the delivered gas according to the actual operating conditions and can quickly and accurately respond to the gas demand issued by the fuel cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fuel cell gas supply system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the fuel cell gas supply system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the pipeline winding method of the fuel cell gas supply system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The fuel cell gas supply system and control method of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with a schematic diagram, wherein a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown, and it should be understood that those skilled in the art may modify the present invention described herein while still achieving the beneficial effects of the present invention. Therefore, the following description should be understood as being widely known to those skilled in the art and not as a limitation of the present invention.

[0030] The present invention is described in more detail in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are in very simplified form and are not in exact proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in illustrating the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a fuel cell gas supply system, comprising: a storage bottle, a first heater 3, a first pipeline 4, a fuel cell 6 and a controller; the storage bottle comprises: an outer bottle 1 and an inner bottle 2; the inner bottle 2 is arranged inside the outer bottle 1; the inner bottle 2 stores a liquid that is easily vaporized when heated; a vacuum layer 8 is provided between the inner surface of the outer bottle 1 and the outer surface of the inner bottle 2; the space occupied by the liquid is removed from the inner bottle 2, and the remaining space forms a gas phase space 5; one end of the first pipeline 4 is provided at the gas phase space 5, and the other end is connected to the fuel cell 6; a ferromagnetic layer 24 is provided on the inner surface of the end of the inner bottle away from the gas phase space; the first heater is arranged on a side of the vacuum layer close to the ferromagnetic layer 24; the first heater is an electromagnetic induction heater; the first heater has no direct contact with the outer surface of the inner bottle and the inner surface of the outer bottle; the controller controls the connection of the first heater 3 through a pressure switch 7.

[0032] The liquid that is easily vaporized when heated in this embodiment is liquid hydrogen. Liquid hydrogen vaporizes into hydrogen when heated. Therefore, the liquid in this embodiment is liquid hydrogen and the gas is hydrogen. The first pipeline 4 is an exhaust pipeline. When the first heater 3 is heated, the liquid hydrogen vaporizes into hydrogen when heated, which increases the gas pressure in the storage bottle, thereby transporting the hydrogen in the storage bottle into the fuel cell 6 through the first pipeline 4.

[0033] Specifically, the storage bottle is a double-layer cylindrical bottle with a hemispherical head, with an outer diameter of 180 mm and a total length of 500 mm; the material of the inner bottle 2 can be aluminum alloy, a composite material composed of plastic and carbon fiber, stainless steel, etc.; preferably, in this embodiment, the inner bottle 2 is made of 2 mm thick aluminum alloy material AL5083. The material of the outer bottle 1 can be aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, austenitic stainless steel, etc.; preferably, in this embodiment, the outer bottle 1 is made of 2 mm thick aluminum alloy AL6061.

[0034] Furthermore, the first heater 3 uses an electromagnetic induction heater, and the inner bottle 2 is heated by electromagnetic induction heating. The induction coil of the electromagnetic induction heater is fixed in the vacuum layer 8 by a plastic bracket, and has no contact with the insulation layer. The plastic bracket has an insulating effect, isolating the electromagnetic interference of the metal material of the storage bottle to the induction coil. The use of an electromagnetic induction heater without direct contact with the inner bottle 2 can effectively avoid the occurrence of heat leakage of the wire, and can extend the storage time of liquid hydrogen; not only that, electromagnetic induction heating heats up and cools down quickly, and there is no inertia phenomenon during heating and cooling. In this embodiment, the first heater 3 uses a 20W electromagnetic induction heater, which can provide a maximum hydrogen output of 3.6g / min. For a 20W electromagnetic induction heater, 24V or 12V DC can be used. The effective diameter of the induction coil is 80mm. The induction coil uses a flat-bottomed heating coil, which is twisted with 100 φ0.08mm thin copper wires. The induction coil itself does not generate heat and is made of insulating materials and high-temperature cables. Therefore, unlike the resistance wire heating ring, which has the problem of oxidation at high temperature and shortening its service life, the electromagnetic induction heater has the advantages of long service life, fast heating rate, and no maintenance, and can reduce maintenance time and reduce use costs.

[0035] Furthermore, during electromagnetic induction heating, a strong magnetic field is created by the ferromagnetic layer 24, thereby suppressing the movement of electrons, equivalent to a larger resistance to improve the heating effect. In this embodiment, the ferromagnetic layer 24 is sprayed with Permalloy, with a thickness of 1 mm and a diameter of 100 mm.

[0036] Furthermore, the vacuum layer 8 plays a role of heat insulation. In this embodiment, the vacuum plug 12 provided on the outer surface of the outer bottle 1 makes the vacuum value of the vacuum layer 8 less than 0.013 Pa.

[0037] Furthermore, a heat-insulating layer 11 is provided on the outer surface of the inner bottle 2; the heat-insulating layer 11 completely covers the outer surface of the inner bottle 2 to prevent heat leakage, and the heat-insulating layer 11 is made of aluminum-plated polyester foil and polyester spacer material interwoven or aluminum foil and glass spacer material interwoven; the inner and outer surfaces of the outer bottle 1 can also be equipped with a heat-insulating layer 11 depending on the ambient temperature.

[0038] In addition, a liquid level gauge 25 is provided inside the inner bottle 2; the liquid level gauge 25 is connected to the controller; in this embodiment, the liquid level gauge 25 is a capacitive liquid level gauge 25 used to reflect the remaining amount of liquid hydrogen in the storage bottle. A partition 9 is provided on the inner wall of the inner bottle 2 close to the end away from the gas phase space 5; the partition 9 can slow down the evaporation of liquid hydrogen caused by the shaking of the storage bottle during flight or transportation.

[0039] In this embodiment, the inner surface of the outer bottle 1 and the outer surface of the inner bottle 2 are elastically connected by a connecting rod 10; the connecting rod 10 includes: a spring and a metal rod; the spring is arranged at one end of the metal rod close to the inner bottle 2; a corresponding card groove is arranged on the outer surface of the inner bottle 2 and the inner surface of the outer bottle 1, and one end of the connecting rod 10 provided with the spring is fixed in the card groove on the outer surface of the inner bottle 2, and the other end is fixed in the card groove on the inner surface of the outer bottle 1. During the process of filling the storage bottle with liquid hydrogen, the inner bottle 2 will shrink, so a connecting rod 10 is arranged between the outer bottle 1 and the inner bottle 2 to fix the inner bottle 2 to prevent the inner bottle 2 from shaking.

[0040] Furthermore, in order to reduce heat conduction, a plurality of layers of insulation material are arranged on the outer surface of the inner bottle 2 where the metal rod and the spring are in contact. In this embodiment, the metal rod and the spring are made of titanium alloy and wrapped with PI or PTFE plastic; the connecting rod 10 has a sufficiently strong bending resistance to cope with the inertia of the drone when the speed changes, and has low temperature resistance and low thermal conductivity.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first pipeline 4 is also provided with: an outlet valve 13 and an air intake device; the outlet valve 13 is arranged at one end of the first pipeline 4 close to the storage bottle; the outlet valve 13 is control-connected to the controller; the air intake device is arranged at one end of the first pipeline 4 close to the fuel cell 6; the air intake device includes: an air intake main valve 18 and an electronic pressure regulating valve 21; the air intake main valve 18 is control-connected to the controller.

[0042] Specifically, the outlet valve 13 is used as a switch for discharging hydrogen from the storage bottle to the first pipeline 4, and the pressure of hydrogen when it passes through the first pipeline 4 into the fuel cell 6 is controlled by the main intake valve 18 and the electronic pressure regulating valve 21 to ensure stable operation of the fuel cell 6.

[0043] In this embodiment, a temperature regulating device is further provided on the first pipeline 4; the temperature regulating device is arranged between the outlet valve 13 and the air intake device; the temperature regulating device includes: a second heater 14 and a temperature sensor 15; the second heater 14 is control-connected to the controller; the temperature sensor 15 is control-connected to the controller.

[0044] Specifically, the second heater 14 is a fin-type heat exchanger with integrated electric heating function. The temperature sensor 15 feeds back temperature data to the controller in real time. When the controller detects through the temperature sensor 15 that the hydrogen temperature passing through the heat exchanger is too low, it supplies power through DCDC23 to start the electric heating of the second heater 14.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first pipeline 4 is provided with a pressure regulating device; the pressure regulating device is arranged between the air outlet valve 13 and the air intake device; the pressure regulating device comprises: a pressure relief valve 17 and a pressure sensor 16; the pressure sensor 16 is control-connected to the controller.

[0046] The pressure sensor 16 measures data and feeds back to the controller. When the air pressure value in the first pipeline 4 is less than the pressure setting value, the controller turns on the current flowing out of DCDC23 through the pressure switch 7, and the first heater 3 quickly heats the liquid hydrogen in the inner bottle 2, so that more hydrogen is discharged from the inner bottle 2. After the pressure value in the first pipeline 4 returns to a normal level, the controller disconnects the first heater 3 through the pressure switch 7; when the air pressure value in the first pipeline 4 is greater than the pressure setting value, the pressure is released through the pressure relief valve 17. In this embodiment, the maximum pressure of the pressure relief valve 17 is 4.5 bar.

[0047] In this embodiment, the fuel cell 6 gas supply system also includes: a second pipeline 19; one end of the second pipeline 19 is arranged in the gas phase space 5 and the other end is arranged outside the outer bottle 1; the end of the second pipeline 19 located outside the outer bottle 1 is connected to the bursting piece 22; the second pipeline 19 is a pressure relief pipeline, which is used to prevent excessive pressure in the storage bottle. The maximum pressure that the bursting piece 22 can withstand is 6.5 bar. When the pressure in the storage bottle is greater than 6.5 bar, the bursting piece 22 works to relieve pressure.

[0048] In this embodiment, the fuel cell 6 gas supply system also includes: a third pipeline 20; one end of the third pipeline 20 is arranged in the gas phase space 5 and the other end is arranged outside the outer bottle 1; the end of the third pipeline 20 located outside the outer bottle 1 is connected to a one-way valve; the third pipeline 20 is a liquid hydrogen injection pipeline, and liquid hydrogen is injected into the storage bottle through the third pipeline 20. The one-way valve connected to the third pipeline 20 can prevent backflow during liquid hydrogen injection.

[0049] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the first pipeline 4, the second pipeline 19 and the third pipeline 20 are all curved pipelines arranged in a coiled manner; in order to avoid heat being introduced through heat conduction of the pipeline and thus shortening the storage time of liquid hydrogen, the path of the pipeline can be extended by using U-shaped tubes A, Lyra-shaped tubes B, coiled tubes C and annular tubes D, etc. At the same time, extending the pipeline can also reduce the stress concentration effect at the welding point between the pipeline and the shell of the inner bottle 2 caused by thermal deformation due to the large temperature difference at the starting section of the pipeline.

[0050] This embodiment also provides a control method for a fuel cell gas supply system, which is used to control the above-mentioned fuel cell gas supply system. The control method for a fuel cell gas supply system includes the following steps:

[0051] Open the air outlet valve 13, collect the air pressure information and temperature information in the first pipeline 4 connected to the storage bottle through the pressure sensor 16 and the temperature sensor 15 respectively, and transmit them to the controller;

[0052] The controller determines the working state of the gas supply system of the fuel cell 6 according to the air pressure information and temperature information of the first pipeline 4 and the liquid level information in the storage bottle.

[0053] Furthermore, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1: When the liquid level value is greater than the minimum liquid level value and the values ​​of the temperature sensor 15 and the pressure sensor 16 are both within the normal range, the fuel cell gas supply system is in a stable state, and the liquid hydrogen in the storage bottle is gasified and passed into the fuel cell 6 through the first pipeline 4;

[0055] S2: When the liquid level value is less than the minimum liquid level value, the fuel cell 6 gas supply system is in a state of waiting for liquid filling; the one-way valve and the gas outlet valve 13 are opened, and liquid hydrogen is filled into the storage bottle through the third pipeline 19 until the liquid level in the storage bottle reaches the upper limit, then the filling of liquid hydrogen is stopped and S1 is executed;

[0056] S3: When the internal air pressure in the storage bottle is higher than the safety air pressure, the bursting disc 22 will automatically open to release the pressure; after the storage bottle is inspected, execute S1;

[0057] S4: When the air pressure in the first pipeline 4 is greater than the air pressure required by the fuel cell 6, the pressure relief valve 17 starts to exhaust and release pressure. At this time, the storage bottle still supplies gas to the fuel cell 6 normally until the air pressure in the first pipeline 4 meets the air pressure required by the fuel cell 6 and S1 is executed;

[0058] S5: When the air pressure in the first pipeline 4 is lower than the air pressure required by the fuel cell 6, the controller controls the first heater 3 to heat the storage bottle through the pressure switch 7 until the air pressure in the first pipeline 4 meets the air pressure required by the fuel cell 6. At this time, the first heater 3 stops heating and executes S1;

[0059] S6: When the hydrogen temperature in the first pipeline 4 is lower than the hydrogen temperature required by the fuel cell 6, the second heater 14 starts heating until the hydrogen temperature in the first pipeline 4 meets the hydrogen temperature required by the fuel cell 6. At this time, the second heater 14 stops heating and executes S1.

[0060] Furthermore, the fuel cell gas supply system may experience the following operating conditions during control:

[0061] Standby mode: The default state of the fuel cell gas supply system after power is turned on. In this state, the controller monitors the system status in real time and maintains the hydrogen pressure of the first pipeline 4.

[0062] Hydrogenation working condition: when the storage bottle is short of liquid hydrogen, liquid hydrogen is added to the hydrogen bottle through the third pipeline 20. During hydrogenation, the pressure at the hydrogenation port is higher than the pressure of the storage bottle, and the outlet valve 13 is opened to discharge the gasified hydrogen. The one-way valve prevents the liquid hydrogen from flowing back.

[0063] Hydrogen supply conditions: When the fuel cell 6 is running, the outlet valve 13 is opened, and the cold hydrogen is heated by the second heater 14, and then passes through the pressure regulating device to become low-pressure hydrogen suitable for the operation of the fuel cell 6, and then enters the fuel cell 6.

[0064] Fault condition: When the temperature or pressure sensor 16 fails, the temperature or pressure of the first pipeline 4 is abnormal, or the liquid level of the storage bottle is too low, the abnormal condition is entered. In this condition, the fuel cell gas supply system needs to be maintained.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0066] The first heater of the fuel cell gas supply system proposed by the present invention uses an electromagnetic induction heater to directly gasify the liquid in the storage bottle, which can provide a long-term and stable supply of reaction gas to the fuel cell. In addition, the electromagnetic induction heating does not directly contact the inner bottle, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of heat leakage of the wire and can extend the storage time of liquid nitrogen; and the electromagnetic induction heating heats up and cools down quickly, and there is no inertia phenomenon during heating and cooling.

[0067] The present invention also proposes a control method for a fuel cell gas supply system, which can adjust the delivered gas according to the actual operating conditions and can quickly and accurately respond to the gas demand issued by the fuel cell.

[0068] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A fuel cell gas supply system, characterized in that: include: A storage bottle, a first heater, a first pipeline, a fuel cell and a controller; The storage bottle comprises: an outer bottle and an inner bottle; the inner bottle is arranged inside the outer bottle; the inner bottle stores liquid that is easily vaporized when heated; a vacuum layer is arranged between the inner surface of the outer bottle and the outer surface of the inner bottle; the space occupied by the liquid is removed from the inner bottle, and the remaining space forms a gas phase space; one end of the first pipeline is arranged in the gas phase space, and the other end is connected to the fuel cell; a ferromagnetic layer is arranged on the inner surface of the end of the inner bottle away from the gas phase space; the first heater is arranged on the side of the vacuum layer close to the ferromagnetic layer; the first heater is an electromagnetic induction heater; the first heater has no direct contact with the outer surface of the inner bottle and the inner surface of the outer bottle; the controller controls the connection of the first heater through a pressure switch.

2. The fuel cell gas supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat insulating layer is arranged on the outer surface of the inner bottle; a liquid level gauge is arranged inside the inner bottle; the liquid level gauge is control-connected with the controller; a partition is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the inner bottle away from the gas phase space.

3. The fuel cell gas supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the outer bottle is elastically connected to the outer surface of the inner bottle via a connecting rod; the connecting rod comprises: a spring and a metal rod; the spring is arranged at one end of the metal rod close to the inner bottle.

4. The fuel cell gas supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the outer bottle is provided with a vacuum plug.

5. The fuel cell gas supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pipeline is also provided with: an air outlet valve and an air inlet device; The gas outlet valve is arranged at one end of the first pipeline close to the storage bottle; the gas outlet valve is control-connected to the controller; the gas intake device is arranged at one end of the first pipeline close to the fuel cell; The air intake device comprises: an air intake main valve and an electronic pressure regulating valve; the air intake main valve is controllably connected to the controller.

6. The fuel cell gas supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first pipeline is also provided with a temperature regulating device and a pressure regulating device; The temperature regulating device and the pressure regulating device are both arranged between the air outlet valve and the air inlet device; The temperature regulating device comprises: a second heater and a temperature sensor; the pressure regulating device comprises: a pressure relief valve and a pressure sensor; The second heater is controllably connected to the controller; The temperature sensor is controllably connected to the controller; the pressure sensor is controllably connected to the controller.

7. The fuel cell gas supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A second pipeline and a third pipeline; one end of the second pipeline and the third pipeline are both arranged in the gas phase space and the other end is arranged outside the outer bottle; One end of the second pipeline located outside the outer bottle is connected to the bursting disc; one end of the third pipeline located outside the outer bottle is connected to the one-way valve.

8. The fuel cell gas supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline are all curved pipelines arranged in a coiled manner.

9. A method for controlling a fuel cell gas supply system, for controlling the fuel cell gas supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The control method of the fuel cell gas supply system comprises the following steps: Open the air outlet valve, collect air pressure information and temperature information in the first pipeline connected to the storage bottle through a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor respectively, and transmit them to the controller; The controller determines the working state of the fuel cell gas supply system according to the air pressure information and temperature information of the first pipeline and the liquid level information in the storage bottle.

10. The control method of the fuel cell gas supply system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: S1: When the liquid level value is greater than the minimum liquid level value and the values ​​of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are both within the normal range, the fuel cell gas supply system is in a stable state, and the liquid in the storage bottle is gasified and passed into the fuel cell through the first pipeline; S2: When the liquid level value is less than the minimum liquid level value, the fuel cell gas supply system is in a state of waiting for liquid filling; the one-way valve and the gas outlet valve are opened, and liquid is filled into the storage bottle through the third pipeline until the liquid level in the storage bottle reaches the upper limit, then the filling of liquid is stopped and S1 is executed; S3: When the internal air pressure in the storage bottle is higher than the safety air pressure, the bursting disc will automatically open to release the pressure; after the storage bottle is inspected, execute S1; S4: When the air pressure in the first pipeline is greater than the air pressure required by the fuel cell, the pressure relief valve starts to exhaust and relieve pressure. At this time, the storage bottle still supplies gas to the fuel cell normally until the air pressure in the first pipeline meets the air pressure required by the fuel cell and S1 is executed; S5: when the air pressure in the first pipeline is lower than the air pressure required by the fuel cell, the controller controls the first heater to heat the storage bottle through the pressure switch until the air pressure in the first pipeline meets the air pressure required by the fuel cell, at which time, the first heater stops heating and executes S1; S6: When the gas temperature in the first pipeline is lower than the gas temperature required by the fuel cell, the second heater starts heating until the gas temperature in the first pipeline meets the gas temperature required by the fuel cell. At this time, the second heater stops heating and executes S1.

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