High-altitude typical long air gap discharge photoelectric synchronous data acquisition system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a high-altitude typical long air gap discharge photoelectric synchronous data acquisition system and method. According to the invention, the camera devices are arranged around the test object to realize multi-angle shooting of discharge channel images, the dimming device is utilized to adapt to a high-altitude strong-light environment to guarantee the image clearness, and the voltage and current information is accurately acquired through the voltage and current sensor module. The control module is used for triggering a shooting instruction according to the voltage information to realize photoelectric synchronization, and the control module is used for acquiring and processing information to judge and calculate the leading development speed, so that the method is suitable for high-altitude typical long air gap discharge photoelectric synchronization data acquisition. Meanwhile, the electric data and the microscopic discharge image data can be accurately and synchronously acquired, automatic operations such as image recognition and extraction, judgment and calculation of the pilot development speed can be carried out through a control module in the system according to the acquired information, and the observation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of long gap discharge observation, and in particular relates to a photoelectric synchronous data acquisition system and method for typical long air gap discharge at high altitude. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern power engineering and the in-depth study of high-altitude meteorology and space environment, the long-gap discharge phenomenon has become an important research field. In high-altitude areas, due to its special geographical environment and meteorological conditions, such as low relative humidity, low air pressure, low oxygen partial pressure, and frequent meteorological disasters, the long-gap discharge process is significantly different from that in plain areas. The long-gap discharge phenomenon is more common in environments with high electric field strength such as high-voltage transmission lines. In-depth research on the long-gap discharge characteristics in high-altitude areas is of great significance for ensuring the stable operation of the power system, improving the safety of space facilities, and improving related physical and chemical theories.

[0003] However, the current observation technology for typical long air gap discharges at high altitudes has many shortcomings. The existing technical means lack an efficient optoelectronic integrated observation mode, making it difficult to achieve accurate and synchronous acquisition of electrical data such as voltage and current and microscopic discharge image data. In addition, there is a lack of effective automated methods for image recognition and extraction of discharge channels, resulting in low observation efficiency and an inability to quickly screen out valid data. This not only consumes a lot of manpower and time costs, but also makes it difficult to ensure the accuracy and integrity of research data, which seriously restricts the in-depth understanding of high-altitude long gap discharge phenomena and the further development of related technologies. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a photoelectric synchronous data acquisition system and method for typical long air gap discharge at high altitude, which realizes photoelectric synchronous precise acquisition by constructing an integrated acquisition architecture, utilizes enhanced photoelectric isolation transmission to resist interference and ensure data stability, relies on industrial control computer automation modules to process data to improve efficiency, and expands the scope of application by relying on system compatibility, providing support for related research and practice.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-altitude typical long air gap discharge optoelectronic synchronous data acquisition system, comprising:

[0007] Image acquisition module, voltage and current sensor module and control module;

[0008] The image acquisition module includes a camera device and a light reduction device;

[0009] The camera device is arranged around the test object and is used to take images of the discharge channel of the test object at different angles;

[0010] The dimming device is arranged on the camera device and is used to adjust the shooting parameters of the camera device according to the ambient light intensity to ensure that the images taken by the camera device meet the clarity requirements;

[0011] The voltage and current sensor module is used to obtain the voltage information of the voltage generating source and the voltage and current information of the test product;

[0012] The control module is used to trigger the shooting instruction of the image acquisition module according to the voltage information of the voltage generation source; it is also used to collect the voltage and current information and the discharge channel image of the test product, and judge and calculate the leader development speed when the gap is broken down according to the collected information and the discharge channel image.

[0013] Furthermore, the camera device comprises:

[0014] Several cameras;

[0015] Several cameras are evenly arranged around the test object, and the viewing angles of adjacent cameras have overlapping parts;

[0016] The cameras are connected through a synchronous controller, and each camera is provided with a light reduction device.

[0017] Furthermore, the shooting parameters adjusted by the dimming device include exposure time, and the dimming device adjusts the exposure time according to the following formula:

[0018]

[0019] In the formula, For the ideal exposure time, is the maximum light intensity that the image sensor can handle, is the current ambient light intensity, is the exposure time.

[0020] Furthermore, the shooting parameters adjusted by the dimming device include aperture size and sensitivity. The dimming device determines the adjustment range of the aperture size and sensitivity according to the following formula:

[0021]

[0022]

[0023] In the formula, is the aperture size, is the sensitivity, is the intensity of light currently processed by the image sensor.

[0024] Furthermore, the number of cameras is at least 3;

[0025] If the number of cameras is 3, then the 3 cameras are evenly arranged around the test object;

[0026] If the number of cameras is 4, the 4 cameras are arranged in a four-corner layout;

[0027] If the number of cameras is 6, 4 of them adopt a four-corner layout, and the other 2 cameras are arranged at the shooting center of the four-corner layout with their viewing angles perpendicular to each other; or 4 of them adopt a four-corner layout and are arranged obliquely, and the other 2 cameras are arranged at the shooting center of the four-corner layout with their viewing angles perpendicular to each other;

[0028] If the number of cameras is 7, 6 of them are arranged around the test product, and 2 of them are symmetrically arranged along a diagonal line of the four corners, and the other 4 cameras are symmetrically arranged along another diagonal line of the four corners; the remaining 1 camera is arranged at the shooting center of the other 6 cameras.

[0029] Furthermore, the control module includes:

[0030] Data acquisition module, data storage module, data analysis module and remote transmission module;

[0031] The data acquisition module includes an optical acquisition channel, a voltage acquisition channel and a current acquisition channel;

[0032] The optical collection channel is connected to the image collection module and is used to collect the discharge channel image;

[0033] The voltage acquisition channel and the current acquisition channel are respectively connected to the voltage sensor and the current sensor in the voltage and current sensor module, and are used to respectively acquire voltage information and current information;

[0034] The data storage module is used to store various types of collected information;

[0035] The data analysis module is used to determine whether a pressure test has occurred based on the voltage information of the voltage generation source collected, and if so, trigger the shooting instruction of the image acquisition module; it is also used to determine whether the gap is broken down based on the current information; it is also used to calculate the leader development speed when the gap breaks down using the collected discharge channel image;

[0036] The remote transmission module is used to realize data transmission between the control module and the remote server.

[0037] Furthermore, the voltage and current sensor module at least includes:

[0038] One set of current sensors and two sets of voltage sensors;

[0039] Two sets of voltage sensors are installed at the impulse voltage generator and the test product respectively, for measuring the voltage information of the voltage source and the voltage information of the test product respectively;

[0040] A set of current sensors is installed at the test piece to measure the current information at the test piece.

[0041] Furthermore, the image acquisition module also includes:

[0042] Photoelectric isolation transmission module;

[0043] The photoelectric isolation transmission module is used to reduce external interference in the transmission process of discharge channel image and voltage and current information based on electromagnetic shielding technology.

[0044] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for collecting photoelectric synchronous data of typical long air gap discharge at high altitude, which is implemented based on the photoelectric synchronous data collection system for typical long air gap discharge at high altitude according to the first aspect, and comprises the following steps:

[0045] The control module continuously collects the voltage information of the voltage generating source and the voltage and current information of the test product;

[0046] If the voltage information of the voltage generating source exceeds the set voltage threshold, the voltage and current information of the test sample is recorded and stored, and a shooting instruction is sent to the image acquisition module;

[0047] The discharge channel image of the test product is collected and stored from the image collection module;

[0048] The leader development speed during gap breakdown is determined and calculated based on the current information of the test piece and the discharge channel image.

[0049] Furthermore, the leader development speed during gap breakdown is determined and calculated based on the current information of the sample and the discharge channel image, including:

[0050] If the current information of the test product exceeds the current threshold, the gap is judged to be broken and the image recognition instruction is triggered;

[0051] According to the image recognition instruction, the discharge channel image within the set time range before and after the gap breakdown is intercepted, and the discharge channel image is subjected to noise reduction processing;

[0052] Extract the grayscale value of each image and form a corresponding grayscale value array, and determine whether the grayscale value array of each image meets the set grayscale threshold condition;

[0053] All images that meet the grayscale threshold condition are screened, and the leader development speed is calculated based on the time interval and leader development distance between two adjacent images.

[0054] In summary, the present invention provides a photoelectric synchronous data acquisition system for typical long air gap discharge at high altitude, which includes an image acquisition module, a voltage and current sensor module and a control module; the present invention arranges a camera device around the sample to realize multi-angle shooting of discharge channel images, uses a dimming device to adapt to the high-altitude strong light environment to ensure image clarity, accurately obtains voltage and current information through the voltage and current sensor module, and then triggers the shooting instruction according to the voltage information with the help of the control module to realize photoelectric synchronization, and uses the control module to collect and process information to judge and calculate the leader development speed, so as to be suitable for photoelectric synchronous data acquisition of typical long air gap discharge at high altitude. At the same time, the present invention can also realize the precise synchronous acquisition of electrical data and microscopic discharge image data, and the control module in the system can perform automated operations such as image recognition and extraction, judgment and calculation of leader development speed based on the collected information, which solves the problem of lack of effective automated methods in the recognition and extraction of discharge channel images, resulting in low observation efficiency and difficulty in ensuring data accuracy and integrity.

[0055] The present invention also provides a photoelectric synchronous data acquisition method for typical long air gap discharge at high altitude, which has the same effect as the above-mentioned system when implemented, and will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0057] Figure 1 A block diagram of a typical high-altitude long air gap discharge optoelectronic synchronous data acquisition system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 A camera deployment strategy provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 A flow chart of a typical high-altitude long air gap discharge optoelectronic synchronous data acquisition method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] The embodiment of the present invention provides a high-altitude typical long air gap discharge photoelectric synchronous data acquisition system, comprising: an image acquisition module, a voltage and current sensor module and a control module.

[0062] The image acquisition module includes a camera device and a light reduction device; the camera device is arranged around the sample and is used to capture the discharge channel image of the sample at different angles; the light reduction device is arranged on the camera device and is used to adjust the shooting parameters of the camera device according to the ambient light intensity to ensure that the images captured by the camera device meet the clarity requirements.

[0063] It should be noted that the camera device is arranged around the sample to capture images of the discharge channel of the sample from different angles. Since the discharge process may occur in different directions, multi-angle shooting can fully record the optical information such as the morphology and development process of the discharge channel, avoid blind spots, and provide complete image data for subsequent analysis of the discharge mechanism.

[0064] The dimming device is set on the camera device, and is mainly used to adjust the shooting parameters of the camera device according to the ambient light intensity. In high-altitude areas, there may be strong light exposure, such as strong sunlight or strong light generated by the discharge itself. The dimming device can ensure that the images taken by the camera device meet the clarity requirements by adjusting the aperture size, shutter speed, sensitivity and other shooting parameters, prevent the image from being overexposed and losing details, and ensure the acquisition of high-quality discharge channel images.

[0065] The voltage and current sensor module is used to obtain the voltage information of the voltage generating source and the voltage and current information of the test product.

[0066] It should be noted that the voltage and current sensor modules are used to obtain the voltage information of the voltage generation source and the voltage and current information of the test sample. During the discharge process, it is crucial to accurately understand the voltage generation and the voltage and current changes at both ends of the test sample for analyzing the discharge characteristics. By setting voltage sensors at different locations (such as at the impulse voltage generator and the test sample), the transmission and distribution of the voltage can be fully understood; the current sensor measures the current waveform at the test sample, which can reflect the current size, change rate and other parameters during the discharge process. These electrical data combined with image data can be used to deeply study the electrical characteristics of the discharge process.

[0067] The control module is used to trigger the shooting instruction of the image acquisition module according to the voltage information of the voltage generation source; it is also used to collect the voltage and current information and the discharge channel image of the test product, and judge and calculate the leader development speed when the gap is broken down according to the collected information and the discharge channel image.

[0068] It should be noted that, on the one hand, the control module is used to trigger the shooting instruction of the image acquisition module according to the voltage information of the voltage generation source. This ensures that during the discharge process, when the voltage reaches a certain condition (the voltage threshold related to the occurrence of discharge), the camera device can start shooting in time to achieve the synchronization of recording electrical phenomena and optical phenomena, that is, to ensure that the corresponding discharge channel image can be captured while the voltage change triggers the discharge. On the other hand, it is also used to collect the voltage and current information and discharge channel image of the test sample, and judge and calculate the leader development speed when the gap breaks down based on the collected information and discharge channel image. By comprehensively analyzing the various data collected, key parameters such as whether the gap breaks down, the current at the time of breakdown, the voltage peak, and the leader development speed can be extracted, which provides an important basis for in-depth understanding of the discharge process and evaluation of related equipment performance.

[0069] This embodiment provides a photoelectric synchronous data acquisition system for typical long air gap discharge at high altitudes, which triggers the shooting instruction of the image acquisition module according to the voltage information through the control module, realizes the synchronous start of electrical data acquisition and optical image acquisition when the discharge occurs, and ensures the efficiency and accuracy of photoelectric synchronous data acquisition. At the same time, after the control module in this embodiment acquires the discharge channel image, it can automatically make judgments and calculations based on the acquired information, such as processing the image (such as intercepting the image of a specific time period, noise reduction, extracting grayscale values, etc.) to screen out effective images, and further calculate key parameters such as the leader development speed, thereby improving the observation efficiency and realizing the rapid screening of effective data and the automatic extraction of key parameters.

[0070] In one embodiment, the camera device includes: a plurality of cameras; the plurality of cameras are evenly arranged around the sample, and the viewing angles of adjacent cameras have overlapping parts; the cameras are connected through a synchronization controller, and each camera is provided with a dimming device.

[0071] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 The figure shows a design of a typical high-altitude long air gap discharge optoelectronic synchronous data acquisition system, where the high-speed camera array A consists of three high-speed cameras (the number of high-speed cameras can be determined according to the layout plan, and only three high-speed cameras are shown in the figure).

[0072] It should be noted that, according to the characteristics of the high-altitude environment, a high-speed camera with high frame rate (such as 10,000fps to 500,000fps), high sensitivity and low noise can be selected. Use a global shutter to reduce motion blur, and have built-in ND filter adjustment capabilities. Set an independent IP address for each camera to facilitate network connection management. Use the SyncBee synchronization controller to receive an external 10MHz reference frequency and 1PPS pulse signal through the optical fiber interface to ensure that the tiny time difference between all cameras does not exceed ±1ns.

[0073] The light reduction device chooses an adjustable neutral density filter or an electronic shutter to ensure that the amount of light entering can be quickly adjusted according to the light intensity, while taking into account the UV resistance of the filter. The light reduction device is equipped with a sensor to monitor the current amount of light entering and the ambient light conditions in real time, and automatically adjusts the amount of light entering according to the external light conditions to maintain a constant light level and reduce the impact of external light changes on the observation results.

[0074] The intelligent tunable optical filter is mainly composed of the filter body, photosensors, micro motors, control circuits and algorithms. The intensity of ambient light is sensed by the integrated photosensors, combined with the discharge event intensity obtained by the discharge event detection module (such as a high-speed camera or a dedicated sensor), and the observation requirements set by the user through remote control, and the rotation of the micro motor is controlled by the control circuit and algorithm, thereby changing the light transmission area of ​​the filter and achieving precise adjustment of the amount of light entering.

[0075] First, select a material with high light transmittance and high stability as the filter substrate. Design the light-transmitting area and light-shielding area on the filter, and form patterns with different light transmittances on the filter surface through mechanical or chemical methods (such as photolithography, etching, etc.). Install a micro motor and transmission mechanism on one or both sides of the filter to change the position and size of the light-transmitting area of ​​the filter.

[0076] Select photosensitive elements with high sensitivity and wide spectral response range, such as photoresistors and photodiodes, to sense the ambient light intensity in real time. Integrate discharge event detection modules, such as high-speed cameras or special sensors, to detect the intensity, position and other parameters of discharge events. Connect the output signals of the photosensitive elements and discharge event detection modules to the control circuit as the basis for adjusting the transmittance of the filter.

[0077] Design control circuits, including signal amplification, filtering, analog-to-digital conversion, etc., to convert the output signals of the photosensitive element and the discharge event detection module into digital signals for subsequent algorithm processing. Develop intelligent algorithms to calculate and output control signals based on the ambient light intensity, the discharge event intensity, and the observation requirements set by the user to control the rotation of the micromotor. The algorithm should be able to adjust the control signal in real time to adapt to changes in ambient light and discharge event intensity, while meeting the observation requirements set by the user.

[0078] In a further embodiment, the dimming measure of the dimming device includes adjusting the exposure time.

[0079] When adjusting exposure time, use the following formula to calculate the ideal exposure time:

[0080]

[0081] in, is the ideal exposure time, used to ensure that the image is not overexposed; The maximum light intensity that the image sensor can handle (to avoid overexposure); The intensity of the current ambient light (the intensity of the light); is the exposure time (shutter speed).

[0082] If I current > I max , the exposure time will be shortened to avoid overexposure.

[0083] In a further embodiment, the dimming measures of the dimming device also include adjustment of aperture and ISO.

[0084] When accounting for adjustments to aperture and ISO, the overall exposure can be expressed as:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, is the aperture size, is the sensitivity, The intensity of the light currently processed by the image sensor

[0087] To avoid overexposure, it is required that under the current light intensity: According to the above formula, we can dynamically adjust t, f and ISO to ensure that the captured image will not be overexposed.

[0088] The intelligent adjustment process is to obtain the current light intensity, calculate the ideal exposure time according to the formula, adjust the aperture and ISO to ensure that the total exposure value remains within a reasonable range, and dynamically adjust t, f and ISO according to the shooting requirements to always ensure I sensor ≤I max .

[0089] Choose high-precision, low-noise micro motors, such as stepper motors or DC motors, to drive the light-transmitting area on the filter. Design transmission mechanisms, such as gears and slide rails, to convert the rotational motion of the micro motor into linear or rotational motion of the light-transmitting area of ​​the filter. Ensure that the transmission mechanism has sufficient precision and stability to ensure that the position and size of the light-transmitting area of ​​the filter can be accurately adjusted.

[0090] The filter body, photosensitive element, discharge event detection module, control circuit and micro motor are integrated together to form a complete intelligent tunable optical filter system. The system is fully tested, including functional test, performance test, stability test, etc., to ensure that the system can work normally and meet the design requirements.

[0091] Design a remote control module to allow users to adjust the transmittance of the filter in real time through a remote terminal (such as a mobile phone, computer, etc.). Provide a user-friendly interface to facilitate users to set observation requirements, view system status, and receive alarm information.

[0092] By combining multiple high-speed cameras at different angles, full coverage of the microscopic discharge process can be achieved. The traditional single-machine arrangement is to use a high-speed camera to shoot the microscopic discharge process. If the fainting point is on the back of the sample, effective shooting cannot be performed. By adding a high-speed camera on the other side and shooting the fainting point of the sample orthogonally, it is possible to shoot the fainting point in the top gap of the electrode, such as the rod plate and the ball plate. In order to solve the problem that the side shooting of the sample cannot be covered in the previous two designs, in one embodiment, the number of cameras is at least 3.

[0093] When the number of cameras is 3, three high-speed cameras are installed with the test piece as the center and at an equal distance from the test piece. At the same time, the optimal focal length of the high-speed camera is set according to the target observation area. The angle between each high-speed camera and the test piece is 120° to ensure all-round capture of the discharge process.

[0094] When the number of cameras is 4 or more, high-speed cameras need to be installed in four horizontal directions to shoot the ring plate, ring combination gap, double ring combination gap, etc. Their starting points may be anywhere between the horizontal tangent point and the vertical tangent point below the ring.

[0095] First, a terrain model is created and four unevenly distributed points are designed as camera positions to ensure full coverage of the discharge area. The camera angle is adjusted according to the actual terrain to ensure that adjacent camera angles have at least 20% overlap, so that the full picture of the discharge phenomenon can be captured in high-altitude areas with complex terrain, which is convenient for later image fusion. Based on the above design concept, four layout strategies for high-speed camera arrays are proposed in this embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown. Layout strategy 1 is a classic four-corner layout, which is the most common camera network layout in dynamic capture and collision event recording. Layout strategy 2 adds two cameras on the basis of the four-corner layout. This enhanced layout is designed to improve the redundancy and accuracy of monitoring. In this layout, four cameras are arranged in a four-corner layout, and the other two cameras are arranged at the shooting center of the four-corner layout with their viewing angles perpendicular to each other; or four cameras are arranged in a four-corner layout and tilted, and the other two cameras are arranged at the shooting center of the four-corner layout with their viewing angles perpendicular to each other. Layout strategy 3 is optimized on the basis of strategy 2, and the four peripheral cameras are arranged at a certain angle. This innovative design makes full use of the viewing angle characteristics of the camera, making the coverage of the entire monitoring area wider and reducing blind spots. Through this arrangement, the overlapping area of ​​the camera network's viewing angle increases, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of event reconstruction. Arrangement strategy 4 is a further upgrade on the basis of strategy 3, aiming to maximize the monitoring coverage of the camera network. The number of cameras in this strategy is 7, of which 6 cameras are arranged around the test object, and 2 cameras are arranged symmetrically along one diagonal of the four corners, and the other 4 cameras are arranged symmetrically along the other diagonal of the four corners; the remaining camera is arranged at the shooting center of the other 6 cameras. This strategy not only ensures that the four corners of the aluminum alloy plate (or monitoring area) are within the field of view of at least two cameras, but also significantly enhances the monitoring density of these key areas. This improvement effectively solves the problem of four-corner monitoring blind spots that are common in the other three arrangements, especially the lack of monitoring accuracy caused by the limited viewing angle in the traditional four-corner arrangement. Through strategy 4, a more comprehensive and accurate coverage of the monitoring area is achieved, providing strong support for the capture and analysis of dynamic events. Considering the influence of wind in high-altitude areas, the camera bracket is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, with a heavy base at the bottom and a streamlined wind shield on the top to reduce the wind resistance coefficient, and is reinforced by ground anchors.

[0096] Install the camera array to the predetermined position and conduct preliminary debugging, including the adjustment of camera parameters such as white balance, exposure time, and shutter speed. Connect the synchronization control module and calibrate the time synchronization of each camera through GPS synchronization or fiber optic synchronization technology to ensure that the time error of each camera during shooting is within nanoseconds. Due to the high intensity of solar radiation and more intense lighting conditions in high-altitude areas, it is necessary to conduct a 48-hour continuous stable operation test in the actual shooting environment to check the image quality, synchronization effect, and light reduction effect. According to the test shooting results, further adjust the camera parameters and layout until they meet the requirements.

[0097] In one embodiment, the control module includes: a data acquisition module, a data storage module, a data analysis module and a remote transmission module;

[0098] The data acquisition module includes an optical acquisition channel, a voltage acquisition channel and a current acquisition channel; the optical acquisition channel is connected to the image acquisition module for acquiring the discharge channel image; the voltage acquisition channel and the current acquisition channel are respectively connected to the voltage sensor and the current sensor in the voltage and current sensor module for acquiring voltage information and current information respectively; the data storage module is used to store the various types of information collected; the data analysis module is used to determine whether a pressure test occurs based on the voltage information of the source of the voltage generation collected, and if so, trigger the shooting instruction of the image acquisition module; it is also used to determine whether the gap is broken down based on the current information; it is also used to calculate the leader development speed when the gap is broken down using the collected discharge channel image; the remote transmission module is used to realize data transmission between the control module and the remote server.

[0099] Please refer again Figure 1 , the control module can adopt an industrial control computer D, and the data acquisition module E, the data storage module I, the data analysis module J and the remote transmission module K are integrated in the industrial control computer. The data acquisition module E has three acquisition channels, and the trigger voltage of the voltage acquisition channel is used as the reference for acquisition. The data storage module I adopts a high-speed acquisition card for storage, and the maximum acquisition speed should be able to reach 100MB / s. The data analysis module J is equipped with voltage, current and high-speed camera data processing software, which can process the photoelectric data, that is, first determine whether the test sample is broken down according to the voltage and current data, analyze the peak rise time and other parameters of the voltage and current waveforms, and issue image processing instructions. In view of the high regional coverage rate of the 4G network, stable signal, and portable module installation, the remote transmission module K of the present invention preferably uses 4G communication to improve the installation environment adaptability of the observation system.

[0100] In a further embodiment, there are two sets of voltage sensors, one set is installed at the impulse voltage generator, and the other set is installed at the test product, respectively detecting the voltage waveform generated by the impulse voltage generator and the voltage waveform actually applied to the test product; the current sensor is installed at the test product to reduce measurement errors.

[0101] In a further embodiment, the image acquisition module further includes: an optoelectronic isolation transmission module. This module is used to ensure that the measurement signals such as current and electric field are not disturbed during the transmission process, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of data acquisition. Compared with ordinary optoelectronic isolators, the optoelectronic isolation transmission module is designed based on high-altitude enhanced optoelectronic isolation transmission technology, and adopts higher-performance isolation components and more optimized circuit design to ensure effective electrical isolation even in harsh high-altitude environments. This isolation capability can effectively prevent interference and crosstalk between electrical signals and improve the reliability of data transmission. High-altitude enhanced optoelectronic isolation transmission technology uses optoelectronic components with UV resistance, such as UV-resistant lenses and sensors, to ensure that they can still work normally under long-term high-intensity ultraviolet radiation. High-altitude enhanced optoelectronic isolation transmission technology optimizes the circuit transmission signal path, such as by improving the power management circuit and signal conditioning circuit to reduce transmission loss and improve signal integrity. The circuit design introduces redundancy and fault-tolerant mechanisms to ensure that the system can continue to work even if some components fail, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the entire system. High-altitude enhanced photoelectric isolation transmission technology improves the electromagnetic compatibility of the system and reduces the impact of external electromagnetic interference on data transmission by optimizing circuit design and adopting advanced electromagnetic shielding technology.

[0102] The photoelectric isolation transmission module includes a photoelectric isolation module. You can choose a high-performance photoelectric coupler or photoelectric converter, such as Texas Instruments' ISO7840A. The photoelectric coupler can remain stable in the operating temperature range of -55°C to +125°C to ensure complete isolation of electrical signals. At the same time, the module's high and low temperature resistance is considered to adapt to the large temperature difference environment in high-altitude areas. The data transmission line uses a shielded twisted pair cable with a Teflon outer skin and an embedded metal mesh shielding layer to reduce signal attenuation and electromagnetic interference. Design a custom UDP protocol stack, add CRC check and retransmission mechanism, and improve the reliability and stability of data transmission.

[0103] Manufacture the photoelectric isolation module and data transmission line according to the design drawings, and strictly screen and test the raw materials to ensure reliable quality. Pay attention to controlling the temperature, humidity and cleanliness of the production environment to prevent impurity contamination and electrostatic interference. Install the photoelectric isolation module between the camera array and the data transmission terminal to ensure a firm and reliable connection. When laying the data transmission line, avoid running it in parallel with strong power lines or electromagnetic interference sources, and choose to run it vertically or in an interlaced manner to reduce the electromagnetic coupling effect. At the same time, use shielded cables (such as shielded twisted pair or coaxial cable) to reduce interference.

[0104] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for collecting photoelectric synchronous data of typical long air gap discharge at high altitude, which is implemented based on the photoelectric synchronous data collection system of typical long air gap discharge at high altitude as described in the above embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0105] Step 1: Continuously collect voltage information of the voltage generating source and voltage and current information of the test product through the control module.

[0106] Before collecting voltage and current information, a light-reducing high-speed camera array and an enhanced photoelectric isolation system need to be deployed. Then the voltage sensor and current sensor monitor the voltage and current waveforms in the background respectively.

[0107] Step 2: If the voltage information of the voltage generating source exceeds the set voltage threshold, the voltage and current information of the test sample is recorded and stored, and a shooting instruction is sent to the image acquisition module.

[0108] It is determined whether the voltage of the voltage generating source is greater than the trigger threshold. If so, a high-speed camera recording instruction is triggered.

[0109] Step 3: Collect and store the discharge channel image of the sample from the image acquisition module.

[0110] Stores current, voltage and high-speed camera data.

[0111] Step 4: Determine and calculate the leader development speed when the gap breaks down based on the current information and discharge channel image of the test piece.

[0112] In a further embodiment, judging and calculating the leader development speed when the gap breaks down according to the current information of the sample and the discharge channel image includes:

[0113] Step 1: If the current information of the test product exceeds the current threshold, the gap is determined to be broken and the image recognition instruction is triggered;

[0114] Step 2: According to the image recognition instruction, the discharge channel image within a set time range (such as 20ms) before and after the gap breakdown is intercepted, and the discharge channel image is subjected to noise reduction processing;

[0115] Step 3: Extract the grayscale value of each image and form a corresponding grayscale value array, and determine whether the grayscale value array of each image meets the set grayscale threshold condition;

[0116] Step 4: Filter all images that meet the grayscale threshold condition, and calculate the leader development speed based on the time interval between two adjacent images and the leader development distance.

[0117] The current, voltage and optical data of long gap discharge can be transmitted via remote transmission module.

[0118] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A typical high-altitude long air gap discharge photoelectric synchronous data acquisition system, characterized in that: include: Image acquisition module, voltage and current sensor module and control module; The image acquisition module includes a camera device and a light reduction device; The camera device is arranged around the sample and is used to capture the discharge channel image of the sample at different angles; The dimming device is arranged on the camera device, and is used to adjust the shooting parameters of the camera device according to the ambient light intensity, so as to ensure that the images shot by the camera device meet the clarity requirement; The voltage and current sensor module is used to obtain voltage information of a voltage generating source and voltage and current information of the test product; The control module is used to trigger the shooting instruction of the image acquisition module according to the voltage information of the voltage generation source; It is also used to collect voltage and current information and discharge channel images of the test product, and judge and calculate the leader development speed when the gap breaks down based on the collected information and the discharge channel images.

2. The high altitude typical long air gap discharge optoelectronic synchronous data acquisition system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The camera device comprises: Several cameras; A plurality of cameras are evenly arranged around the sample, and the viewing angles of adjacent cameras have overlapping portions; The cameras are connected via a synchronous controller, and each camera is provided with the dimming device.

3. The high altitude typical long air gap discharge optoelectronic synchronous data acquisition system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The shooting parameters adjusted by the dimming device include exposure time, and the dimming device adjusts the exposure time according to the following formula: In the formula, For the ideal exposure time, is the maximum light intensity that the image sensor can handle, is the current ambient light intensity, is the exposure time.

4. The high altitude typical long air gap discharge optoelectronic synchronous data acquisition system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The shooting parameters adjusted by the dimming device include aperture size and sensitivity. The dimming device determines the adjustment range of the aperture size and the sensitivity according to the following formula: In the formula, is the aperture size, is the sensitivity, is the intensity of light currently processed by the image sensor.

5. The high altitude typical long air gap discharge optoelectronic synchronous data acquisition system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the cameras is at least 3; If the number of the cameras is 3, the 3 cameras are evenly arranged around the test object; If the number of the cameras is 4, the 4 cameras are arranged in a four-corner layout; If the number of the cameras is 6, 4 of the cameras are arranged in a four-corner layout, and the other 2 cameras are arranged at the shooting center of the four-corner layout, and the viewing angles are perpendicular to each other; or 4 of the cameras are arranged in a four-corner layout and tilted, and the other 2 cameras are arranged at the shooting center of the four-corner layout, and the viewing angles are perpendicular to each other; If the number of the cameras is 7, 6 of the cameras are arranged around the sample, and 2 of the cameras are symmetrically arranged along a diagonal line of the four corners, and the other 4 cameras are symmetrically arranged along another diagonal line of the four corners; the remaining 1 camera is arranged at the shooting center of the other 6 cameras.

6. The high altitude typical long air gap discharge optoelectronic synchronous data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module comprises: Data acquisition module, data storage module, data analysis module and remote transmission module; The data acquisition module includes an optical acquisition channel, a voltage acquisition channel and a current acquisition channel; The optical collection channel is connected to the image collection module and is used to collect the discharge channel image; The voltage acquisition channel and the current acquisition channel are respectively connected to the voltage sensor and the current sensor in the voltage and current sensor module, and are used to respectively acquire voltage information and current information; The data storage module is used to store various types of collected information; The data analysis module is used to determine whether a pressure test has occurred based on the collected voltage information of the voltage generation source, and if so, trigger the shooting instruction of the image acquisition module; it is also used to determine whether the gap is broken down based on the current information; it is also used to calculate the leader development speed when the gap breaks down using the collected discharge channel image; The remote transmission module is used to realize data transmission between the control module and the remote server.

7. The high altitude typical long air gap discharge optoelectronic synchronous data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage and current sensor module comprises at least: One set of current sensors and two sets of voltage sensors; Two sets of voltage sensors are installed at the impulse voltage generator and the test product respectively, and are used to measure the voltage information of the voltage generation source and the voltage information of the test product respectively; A set of current sensors is installed at the test object to measure the current information at the test object.

8. The high altitude typical long air gap discharge optoelectronic synchronous data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The image acquisition module also includes: Photoelectric isolation transmission module; The photoelectric isolation transmission module is used to reduce external interference in the transmission process of the discharge channel image and the voltage and current information based on electromagnetic shielding technology.

9. A typical high-altitude long air gap discharge photoelectric synchronous data acquisition method, characterized in that: The high-altitude typical long air gap discharge optoelectronic synchronous data acquisition system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented, comprising the following steps: The control module continuously collects the voltage information of the voltage generating source and the voltage and current information of the test product; If the voltage information of the voltage generating source exceeds the set voltage threshold, the voltage and current information of the test sample is recorded and stored, and a shooting instruction is issued to the image acquisition module; Collecting and storing the discharge channel image of the sample from the image acquisition module; The leader development speed when the gap breaks down is judged and calculated according to the current information of the test sample and the discharge channel image.

10. The photoelectric synchronous data acquisition method for typical long air gap discharge at high altitude according to claim 9, characterized in that: Judging and calculating the leader development speed when the gap breaks down according to the current information of the test product and the discharge channel image, including: If the current information of the test product exceeds the current threshold, the gap is determined to be broken and the image recognition instruction is triggered; According to the image recognition instruction, the discharge channel image within a set time range before and after the gap breakdown is intercepted, and the discharge channel image is subjected to noise reduction processing; Extracting the grayscale value of each image and forming a corresponding grayscale value array, and determining whether the grayscale value array of each image meets a set grayscale threshold condition; All images satisfying the grayscale threshold condition are screened, and the leader development speed is calculated according to the time interval between two adjacent images and the leader development distance.

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