Wavelength selection switch

Abstract

According to the wavelength selection switch, a grating diffracts an optical signal input by an input port based on a first direction, liquid crystal on silicon deflects and modulates an optical signal input by a lens device based on a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; the lens device collimates an optical signal input by the grating and an optical signal input by the silicon-based liquid crystal based on the first direction and the second direction, and the grating diffracts the optical signal input by the lens device based on the first direction to N output ports. The lens device can converge the optical signal input by the grating and the optical signal input by the silicon-based liquid crystal in the second direction, so that the problem that the size is increased due to the deflection angle required by the optical signal is solved, and the miniaturization of the wavelength selection switch is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of optics, and in particular to a wavelength selective switch. Background Art

[0002] With the development of communication technology, optical networks, as the main carrier of signal transmission, have put forward higher requirements on the flexibility of capacity expansion and opening of new services.

[0003] As wavelength selective switch (WSS) devices become more mature, more and more network nodes begin to introduce WSS as core optical switching components. In order to achieve faster optical switching systems to meet technological upgrades, the demand for optical switching in multi-port WSS systems is growing.

[0004] After the optical signal is input into WSS, the optical signals of different wavelengths diffracted by the grating are incident on different positions on liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS). LCOS applies voltage to the pixel points at the positions covered by the optical signals of different wavelengths to change the phase of the liquid crystal, so that the input optical signal is deflected in the direction to be switched. The deflected optical signal returns to the corresponding port along the original incident optical path for output.

[0005] However, as the number of ports of WSS increases, the required deflection angle of the optical signal also increases, which will cause the size of the LCOS in the WSS and the distance between the grating and the LCOS to increase accordingly, thereby increasing the volume of the WSS. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a wavelength selective switch, which is used to solve the problem of increased size caused by the deflection angle required for the optical signal, and realize the miniaturization of the wavelength selective switch.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a wavelength selective switch, which includes a first input port, a first grating, a first lens device, a first silicon-based liquid crystal and N output ports, wherein N is a positive integer greater than 0; the first grating is used to diffract an optical signal input from the first input port based on a first direction, and each wavelength in the optical signal input from the first input port corresponds to a different diffraction angle; the first silicon-based liquid crystal is used to deflect and modulate the optical signal input from the first lens device based on a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; the first lens device is used to collimate the optical signal input from the first grating and the optical signal input from the first silicon-based liquid crystal based on the first direction and the second direction, and converge the optical signal input from the first grating and the optical signal input from the first silicon-based liquid crystal based on the second direction; the first grating is also used to diffract the optical signal input from the first lens device to the N output ports based on the first direction, and each wavelength in the optical signal input from the first lens device corresponds to one of the N output ports.

[0008] In the present application, the first direction is the dispersion direction, and the second direction is the port direction. The wavelength selective switch in the port direction can be understood as a top view of the wavelength selective switch, which is used to observe the direction of the optical signal (that is, the direction of the optical fiber), and the wavelength selective switch in the dispersion direction can be understood as a front view of the wavelength selective switch, which is used to observe the wavelength of the optical signal. The real port direction and dispersion are two planes perpendicular to each other, so the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0009] In the present application, the wavelength selection switch is a transmission-type architecture, including a plurality of transmission-type transmission mirror groups (a first lens device and a second lens device, etc.). When the wavelength selection switch is working, an optical signal is input from the first input port, and the optical signal is a light beam including multiple wavelengths, for example, multiple wavelengths including band C and band L (C+L band). The first input port can be understood as a combination of an optical fiber end or an optical fiber end and a micro-collimator. The optical signal input from the first input port is input orthogonally to the first grating. After the optical signal passes through the surface of the first grating, it will be diffracted in the dispersion direction, wherein the diffraction angles of optical signals of different wavelengths are different, so that the optical signals of different wavelengths in the C+L wavelength optical signal will be reflected by the first grating at different diffraction angles, and the optical signal of the C+L wavelength will be dispersed, and it will still be emitted in the form of a parallel beam in the port direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the optical signal emitted from the first grating continues to be input into the first lens device, and the first lens device realizes collimation of the optical signal input from the first input port in two directions, the first direction and the second direction. In addition, the first lens device also realizes convergence of the optical signal input from the first grating in the second direction. The optical signal emitted from the first lens device is directly input into the first silicon-based liquid crystal, and the first silicon-based liquid crystal deflects and modulates the optical signal input from the first lens device. The deflected and modulated optical signal will deflect the light beam. Since it has a certain angle, this optical signal with a certain angle is reflected, passes through the first lens device and the first grating (original optical path) in sequence, and returns to the N output ports.

[0011] Specifically, when an optical signal of any wavelength needs to be selectively output to a specific port, a specific voltage will be applied to the first silicon-based liquid crystal in the area covered by the light spot of the optical signal of the wavelength, and the reflected optical signal will return to the original optical path at a modulated angle. The change in the deflection angle of the optical signal will be converted into a position change in the second direction after returning to the original path, so that it can be output at output ports at different positions, realizing the function of wavelength selective switching.

[0012] In the first aspect, in the wavelength selective switch, the grating diffracts the optical signal inputted from the input port based on the first direction, the silicon-based liquid crystal deflects and modulates the optical signal inputted from the lens device based on the second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, the lens device collimates the optical signal inputted from the grating and the optical signal inputted from the silicon-based liquid crystal based on the first direction and the second direction, and the grating also diffracts the optical signal inputted from the lens device to N output ports based on the first direction. Since the lens device can also converge the optical signal inputted from the grating and the optical signal inputted from the silicon-based liquid crystal in the second direction, the problem of increased size caused by the required deflection angle of the optical signal is solved, and the miniaturization of the wavelength selective switch is realized.

[0013] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first lens device includes a first cylindrical lens, a second cylindrical lens and a third cylindrical lens; the first cylindrical lens is used to converge the optical signal input by the first grating based on the second direction, and to collimate the optical signal input by the first silicon-based liquid crystal based on the second direction; the second cylindrical lens is used to collimate the optical signal input by the first grating based on the first direction, and to converge the optical signal input by the first silicon-based liquid crystal based on the first direction; the third cylindrical lens is used to converge the optical signal input by the first silicon-based liquid crystal based on the second direction, and to collimate the optical signal input by the first cylindrical lens based on the second direction.

[0014] In this possible implementation, the first lens device specifically includes three cylindrical lenses or cylindrical lens groups, and each cylindrical lens or each group of cylindrical lenses is used for collimating and converging optical signals, respectively, thereby improving the feasibility of the solution.

[0015] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first spacing is greater than the second spacing, and the first spacing is also greater than the third spacing, the first spacing is the spacing between the first column lens and the third column lens, the second spacing is the spacing between the first column lens and the first grating, and the third spacing is the spacing between the third column lens and the first silicon-based liquid crystal.

[0016] In this possible implementation, the distance between the first cylindrical lens and the third cylindrical lens is greater than the distance between the first cylindrical lens and the first grating, and the distance between the first cylindrical lens and the third cylindrical lens is greater than the distance between the third cylindrical lens and the first silicon-based liquid crystal, so that the first cylindrical lens or the third cylindrical lens has sufficient distance to converge the optical signal, so that the required light beam switching angle becomes smaller, thereby effectively reducing the size of the wavelength selection switch.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the wavelength selective switch further includes a second lens device; the second lens device is used to collimate the optical signal input from the first input port based on the first direction and the second direction; the first grating is specifically used to diffract the optical signal input from the second lens device based on the first direction; the first grating is specifically used to diffract the optical signal input from the first lens device to the second lens device based on the first direction; the second lens device is also used to converge the optical signal input from the first grating to N output ports based on the first direction and the second direction.

[0018] In this possible implementation, the wavelength selective switch is further provided with a second lens device, so that the optical signal input to the first grating or the second grating, and the optical signal input to the N output ports or the M output ports are orthogonal inputs, thereby improving the feasibility of the solution.

[0019] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the second lens device includes a fourth cylindrical lens and a fifth cylindrical lens; the fourth cylindrical lens is used to collimate the optical signal input by the first input port based on the first direction, and to converge the optical signal input by the first grating based on the first direction; the fifth cylindrical lens is used to collimate the optical signal input by the first input port based on the second direction, and to converge the optical signal input by the first grating based on the second direction.

[0020] In this possible implementation, the second lens device specifically includes two cylindrical lenses or a cylindrical lens group, and each cylindrical lens or each group of cylindrical lenses is used for collimating and converging optical signals, respectively, thereby improving the feasibility of the solution.

[0021] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first grating is a prism.

[0022] In this possible implementation, the first grating of the diffraction element uses a reflective prism. The dispersion angle is further amplified after reflection from the prism, and the dispersion effect is doubled. Especially in the case of the C+L wide band, it can effectively shorten the light beam propagation distance required to separate different wavelengths, and has excellent dispersion performance.

[0023] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the wavelength selective switch further includes a second input port, a second grating, a third lens device, a second silicon-based liquid crystal, and M output ports, wherein M is a positive integer greater than 0; the second grating is used to diffract an optical signal input from the second input port based on a first direction, and each wavelength in the optical signal input from the second input port corresponds to a different diffraction angle; the second silicon-based liquid crystal is used to deflect and modulate an optical signal input from the third lens device based on a second direction; the third lens device is used to collimate an optical signal input from the second grating and an optical signal input from the second silicon-based liquid crystal based on the first direction and the second direction, and converge an optical signal input from the second grating and an optical signal input from the second silicon-based liquid crystal based on the second direction; the second grating is also used to diffract an optical signal input from the third lens device to the M output ports based on the first direction, and each wavelength in the optical signal input from the third lens device corresponds to one of the M output ports.

[0024] In this possible implementation, the wavelength selective switch is applicable to the wavelength selective switching function of multiple input ports, which meets the needs of users and improves the user experience.

[0025] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the third lens device includes a sixth column lens, a seventh column lens and an eighth column lens; the sixth column lens is used to converge the optical signal input by the second grating based on the second direction, and to collimate the optical signal input by the second silicon-based liquid crystal based on the second direction; the seventh column lens is used to collimate the optical signal input by the second grating based on the first direction, and to converge the optical signal input by the second silicon-based liquid crystal based on the first direction; the eighth column lens is used to converge the optical signal input by the second silicon-based liquid crystal based on the second direction, and to collimate the optical signal input by the sixth column lens based on the second direction.

[0026] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the fourth spacing is greater than the fifth spacing, and the fourth spacing is also greater than the sixth spacing, the fourth spacing is the spacing between the sixth column lens and the eighth column lens, the fifth spacing is the spacing between the sixth column lens and the second grating, and the sixth spacing is the spacing between the eighth column lens and the second silicon-based liquid crystal.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the wavelength selective switch further includes a second lens device; the second lens device is used to collimate the optical signal input from the first input port and the optical signal input from the second input port based on the first direction and the second direction; the first grating is specifically used to diffract the optical signal input from the second lens device based on the first direction; the first grating is specifically also used to diffract the optical signal input from the first lens device to the second lens device based on the first direction; the second grating is specifically also used to diffract the optical signal input from the third lens device to the second lens device based on the first direction; the second lens device is also used to converge the optical signal input from the first grating to N output ports based on the first direction and converge the optical signal input from the second grating to M output ports.

[0028] In this possible implementation, optical signals of multiple input ports can reuse the second lens component, further effectively reducing costs.

[0029] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the second lens device includes a fourth cylindrical lens and a fifth cylindrical lens; the fourth cylindrical lens is used to collimate the optical signal input by the first input port and the optical signal input by the second input port based on the first direction, and to converge the optical signal input by the first grating and the optical signal input by the second grating based on the first direction; the fifth cylindrical lens is used to collimate the optical signal input by the first input port and the optical signal input by the second input port based on the second direction, and to converge the optical signal input by the first grating and the optical signal input by the second grating based on the second direction.

[0030] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first grating and the second grating are integrally formed.

[0031] In this possible implementation, the first grating and the second grating are integrally formed, which further effectively reduces the cost.

[0032] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the wavelength selective switch further includes a second input port, a first polarization beam splitter, a second polarization beam splitter, and M output ports, wherein M is a positive integer greater than 0; the first polarization beam splitter is used to combine an optical signal input from the first input port and an optical signal input from the second input port; the first grating is used to diffract an optical signal input from the first polarization beam splitter based on a first direction, and each wavelength in the optical signal input from the first polarization beam splitter corresponds to a different diffraction angle; the first silicon-based liquid crystal is used to deflect and modulate an optical signal input from the second polarization beam splitter based on a second direction; the second polarization beam splitter is used to split an optical signal input from the first lens device, and combine an optical signal input from the first silicon-based liquid crystal; the first grating is also used to diffract an optical signal input from the first lens device to the first polarization beam splitter based on the first direction; the first polarization beam splitter is also used to split an optical signal input from the first grating to N output ports and M output ports, and each wavelength in the optical signal input from the first grating corresponds to one of the N output ports or the M output ports.

[0033] In this possible implementation, the wavelength selective switch is suitable for the wavelength selective switching function of multiple input ports, which meets the needs of users and improves the user experience. In addition, it can maximize the multiplexing of optical paths and further reduce the size and volume of the wavelength selective switch.

[0034] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0035] In this possible implementation, the angle formed by the first direction and the second direction is 90 degrees, so that the first direction is a real dispersion direction and the second direction is a real port direction, which reduces the difficulty and complexity of assembling the wavelength selective switch.

[0036] In the wavelength selective switch of the embodiment of the present application, the grating diffracts the optical signal inputted from the input port based on the first direction, the silicon-based liquid crystal deflects and modulates the optical signal inputted from the lens device based on the second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, the lens device collimates the optical signal inputted from the grating and the optical signal inputted from the silicon-based liquid crystal based on the first direction and the second direction, and the grating also diffracts the optical signal inputted from the lens device to N output ports based on the first direction. Since the lens device can also converge the optical signal inputted from the grating and the optical signal inputted from the silicon-based liquid crystal in the second direction, the problem of increased size caused by the required deflection angle of the optical signal is solved, and the miniaturization of the wavelength selective switch is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an optical switching system including a wavelength selective switch;

[0038] Figure 2AA schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wavelength selective switch provided in an embodiment of the present application in a second direction;

[0039] Figure 2B A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wavelength selective switch provided in an embodiment of the present application in a first direction;

[0040] Figure 3A A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the wavelength selective switch provided by an embodiment of the present application in the second direction;

[0041] Figure 3B A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the wavelength selective switch provided in an embodiment of the present application in the first direction;

[0042] Figure 4A A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the wavelength selective switch provided in an embodiment of the present application in the first direction;

[0043] Figure 4B A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the wavelength selective switch provided in an embodiment of the present application in the first direction;

[0044] Figure 5A A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the wavelength selective switch provided by an embodiment of the present application in the second direction;

[0045] Figure 5B A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a first polarization beam splitter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 5C A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a second polarization beam splitter provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following describes the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only embodiments of a part of the present application, rather than all embodiments. It is known to those skilled in the art that with the development of technology and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0048] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0049] The word “exemplary” is used exclusively herein to mean “serving as an example, example, or illustration.” Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0050] In addition, in order to better illustrate the present application, numerous specific details are given in the following specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application can also be implemented without certain specific details. In some examples, methods, means, components and circuits well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the subject matter of the present application.

[0051] The following is an example of the application scenario involved in the embodiments of the present application.

[0052] With the rapid development of Internet protocol (IP) networks and the rapid growth of new services such as various video and cloud services, optical networks, as the main bearer of signal transmission, have put forward higher requirements for the expansion of their capacity and the flexibility of opening new services. Optical network operators need to provide more intelligent functions for optical networks, while also paying attention to the cost of new optical network construction and operation, management and maintenance of optical networks.

[0053] Reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) can be configured at different optical network layers, and realize the intelligence of the entire optical network through the configurable and manageable functions of wavelength, meeting the dynamic establishment of connections and needs of the optical network. Currently, there are three main technologies for building ROADM nodes: wavelength blocking (WB) technology, planar light circuit (PLC) technology, and wavelength selective switch (WSS) technology. Among them, WSS technology is highly praised by device manufacturers and operators because of its wide bandwidth, low dispersion, support for port-independent and wavelength-independent (that is, each port can transmit optical signals of any wavelength) and higher dimensions (referring to the maximum number of connection directions that ROADM nodes can provide), and has become the mainstream technology for implementing ROADM. As the maturity of WSS devices increases, more and more network nodes begin to introduce WSS as the core component of optical switching, which has brought about a faster growth in the use of WSS devices.

[0054] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, the switching system built using 2*N (2 input ports and N output ports) WSS includes three nodes: northbound, westbound and eastbound, where Tx represents the light source transmitting end and Rx represents the light source receiving end. Taking the optical signal transmitted from the eastbound node and the westbound node as an example, it needs to be switched to the northbound node for further transmission. The multi-wavelength optical signal enters the node through the eastbound and westbound optical fibers, and is connected to different input ports on the WSS of the northbound node through the beam splitter. The WSS filters out the optical wavelengths that need to be switched to the northbound from the input port and outputs them from the output port. That is, the WSS is used to selectively output different wavelengths of different input ports to the output port to complete the switching function. The switching in the other two directions is similar.

[0055] In the existing 1*N WSS (wavelength selective switch) based on silicon liquid crystal (LCOS) switching technology, N+1 ports are composed of optical fiber arrays. The wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) signal containing multiple wavelength information enters the WSS system from the input port of the optical fiber array, is first collimated and focused by a microlens, and then separated into two orthogonal polarization states by the polarization diversity component. Because LCOS can only modulate light in a single polarization state, the polarization diversity component also includes a half-wave plate to convert the polarization state that LCOS cannot process into a polarization state that LCOS can process, and the two processed lights are transmitted forward at the same time. The curved mirror in the dispersion direction focuses and reflects the light beam incident on it in the dispersion direction, and the light after the effect passes through the cylindrical mirror in the port direction and is incident on the grating. The curvature direction of the curved mirror in the dispersion direction and the curved mirror in the port direction are perpendicular to each other. The reason for using two separate curved mirrors with different curvature directions to shape the beam is that the size of the beam in two directions can be controlled separately without affecting the beam in the other direction. The grating, as a dispersion separation and synthesis element, will reflect the incident complex light back to the curved mirror in the dispersion direction at different diffraction angles according to the wavelength. After passing through the curved mirror in the dispersion direction again, it will be focused on the LCOS to form a light spot. Because the angles of light of different wavelengths incident on the curved mirror in the dispersion direction are different, the positions of the light spots focused on the LCOS are also different. By applying different voltages to the liquid crystals in different wavelength coverage areas of the LCOS for modulation, the light beam incident to the area can be reflected back at different reflection angles. According to the position of the destination output port of different signal lights, the signal light is reflected back at different reflection angles. The reflected light returns along the original path, and after the beam combining of the grating and the polarization combining of the polarization diversity component, it is output from the optical fiber of the destination port.

[0056] In order to achieve faster optical switching systems to meet the upgrading and development of technology and higher-speed optical communications, the number of fiber ports on the fiber end faces in WSS optical systems needs to be greater, and the range of wavelength switching also needs to be wider. The demand for WSS systems with more ports and optical switching that meets the C+L bands is becoming increasingly strong.

[0057] However, if the previous LCOS switching technology is used, as the number of WSS ports increases, the required deflection angle of the optical signal will also increase, which will cause the size of the LCOS in the WSS and the distance between the grating and the LCOS to increase accordingly, resulting in larger size requirements for WSS optical devices, requiring larger gratings and LCOS, which will also cause greater aberrations, significantly reduce system performance, and make the assembly process complicated, time-consuming, and costly.

[0058] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a wavelength selective switch, which is used to solve the problem of increased size caused by the deflection angle required for the optical signal and realize the miniaturization of the wavelength selective switch.

[0059] The wavelength selective switch provided in the embodiment of the present application is described below in conjunction with the above application scenarios.

[0060] like Figure 2A and Figure 2B As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a wavelength selective switch, which includes a first input port, a first grating 300, a first lens device 100, a first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 and N output ports.

[0061] The first grating 300 is used to diffract the optical signal input from the first input port based on the first direction, the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 is used to deflect and modulate the optical signal input from the first lens device 100 based on the second direction, the first lens device 100 is used to collimate (shape the light with a directional angle into parallel light) the optical signal input from the first grating 300 and the optical signal input from the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 based on the first direction and the second direction, and converge the optical signal input from the first grating 300 and the optical signal input from the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 based on the second direction, and the first grating 300 is also used to diffract the optical signal input from the first lens device 100 to N output ports based on the first direction.

[0062] Wherein, N is a positive integer greater than 0, each wavelength in the optical signal input by the first input port corresponds to a different diffraction angle, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and each wavelength in the optical signal input by the first lens device 100 corresponds to one of the N output ports.

[0063] Furthermore, the wavelength selective switch also includes a second lens device 200, which is used to collimate the optical signal input from the first input port based on the first direction and the second direction, and the first grating 300 is specifically used to diffract the optical signal input from the second lens device 200 based on the first direction. The first grating 300 is also specifically used to diffract the optical signal input from the first lens device 100 to the second lens device 200 based on the first direction, and the second lens device 200 is also used to converge the optical signal input from the first grating 300 to N output ports based on the first direction and the second direction.

[0064] The first lens device 100 includes a first cylindrical lens 101 , a second cylindrical lens 102 and a third cylindrical lens 103 , and the second lens device 200 includes a fourth cylindrical lens 201 and a fifth cylindrical lens 202 .

[0065] The first cylindrical lens 101 is used to converge the optical signal input from the first grating 300 based on the second direction, and collimate the optical signal input from the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 based on the second direction. The second cylindrical lens 102 is used to collimate the optical signal input from the first grating 300 based on the first direction, and converge the optical signal input from the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 based on the first direction. The third cylindrical lens 103 is used to converge the optical signal input from the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 based on the second direction, and collimate the optical signal input from the first cylindrical lens 101 based on the second direction. The fourth cylindrical lens 201 is used to collimate the optical signal input from the first input port based on the first direction, and converge the optical signal input from the first grating 300 based on the first direction. The fifth cylindrical lens 202 is used to collimate the optical signal input from the first input port based on the second direction, and converge the optical signal input from the first grating 300 based on the second direction.

[0066] For details, please refer to Figure 3A and Figure 3B , Figure 2A and Figure 3A The wavelength selection switch for the port direction, Figure 3A and Figure 3B The wavelength selective switch in the dispersion direction. The wavelength selective switch in the port direction can be understood as a top view of the wavelength selective switch, which is used to observe the direction of the optical signal (that is, the direction of the optical fiber), and the wavelength selective switch in the dispersion direction can be understood as a front view of the wavelength selective switch, which is used to observe the wavelength of the optical signal. The first direction in the embodiment of the present application is the dispersion direction, and the second direction is the port direction. The real port direction and dispersion are two planes perpendicular to each other, so the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, the wavelength selective switch is a transmission-type architecture, including a plurality of transmission-type transmission mirror groups (a first lens device 100 and a second lens device 200, etc.), and the first input port and N output ports are all arranged on the end face of the optical fiber. When the wavelength selective switch is working, the optical signal is input from the first input port, and the optical signal is a beam including multiple wavelengths, for example, multiple wavelengths including band C and band L (C+L band). The first input port can be understood as a combination of an optical fiber end or an optical fiber end and a micro-collimator. The optical signal input from the first input port is output to the second lens device 200. In the second lens device 200, from the first direction, the fourth column lens 201 collimates the optical signal input from the first input port, and from the second direction, the fifth column lens 202 collimates the optical signal input from the first input port, so that the second lens device 200 realizes the collimation of the optical signal input from the first input port in both the first direction and the second direction, and inputs it orthogonally to the first grating 300, and the first grating 300 is specifically a prism. The prism is a one-dimensional diffraction device. After the optical signal passes through the surface of the prism, it will diffract in the dispersion direction. The diffraction angles of optical signals of different wavelengths are different. In this way, optical signals of different wavelengths in the C+L wavelength optical signal will be reflected by the prism at different diffraction angles, dispersing the C+L wavelength optical signal, and it will still be emitted in the form of a parallel light beam in the port direction.

[0068] Furthermore, the optical signal emitted from the first grating 300 continues to be input into the first lens device 100. In the first lens device 100, the second cylindrical lens 102 collimates the optical signal input from the first grating 300 when viewed from the first direction. When viewed from the second direction, the first cylindrical lens 101 converges the optical signal input from the first grating 300, and the third cylindrical lens 103 collimates the optical signal input from the first grating 300. Thus, the first lens device 100 collimates the optical signal input from the first input port in both the first direction and the second direction. In addition, the first lens device 100 also converges the optical signal input from the first grating 300 in the second direction. The optical signal emitted from the first lens device 100 is directly input into the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400, and the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 performs deflection modulation on the optical signal input from the first lens device 100. The optical signal after deflection modulation will deflect the light beam. Since it has a certain angle, the optical signal with a certain angle is reflected, passes through the first lens device 100, the first grating 300 and the second lens device 200 (original optical path) in sequence, and returns to the N output ports.

[0069] Specifically, when an optical signal of any wavelength needs to be selectively output to a specific port, a specific voltage will be applied to the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 in the area covered by the light beam spot of the optical signal of the wavelength, and the reflected optical signal will return to the original optical path at a modulated angle. The change in the deflection angle of the optical signal will be converted into a position change in the second direction after returning to the original path, so that it is output at output ports at different positions, realizing the function of wavelength selective switching.

[0070] Among them, after the optical signal input by the first lens device 100 is reflected by the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400, in the first lens device 100, viewed from the first direction, the second cylindrical lens 102 collimates the optical signal input by the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400. Viewed from the second direction, the third cylindrical lens 103 converges the optical signal input by the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400, and the first cylindrical lens 101 collimates the optical signal input by the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400. In the second lens device 200, viewed from the first direction, the fourth cylindrical lens 201 converges the optical signal input by the first grating 300, and viewed from the second direction, the fifth cylindrical lens 202 converges the optical signal input by the first grating 300.

[0071] It should be understood that the first cylindrical lens 101 to the fifth cylindrical lens 202 in the embodiment of the present application all include one or more cylindrical lenses. For example, the first cylindrical lens 101 is a combination of two cylindrical lenses, and the cylindrical lens has optical power only in one direction, and is equivalent to a plane mirror in the other direction. A lens with optical power will fold the light beam, and a plane mirror does not change the direction of the light beam. For example, the first cylindrical lens 101 has optical power only in the second direction, and is equivalent to a plane mirror in the first direction, and does not achieve any function.

[0072] In the first direction, the second cylindrical lens 102 and the fourth cylindrical lens 201 realize that after the C+L multi-wavelength optical signal passes through the first grating 300, the light beam is separated into the corresponding different areas on the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400. From the first direction, the optical signal on the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 returns to the end face of the first input port and the output port. However, from the second direction, the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 deflects and modulates the optical signal input by the first lens device 100, and the optical signal after deflection and modulation will deflect the light beam with a certain angle. However, when the number of output ports increases, that is, when N increases, the angle required for the arrangement of N output ports will also be large. In addition, since the first direction needs to separate more wavelengths of optical signals, the required distance is also longer (corresponding to the distance from the dispersion surface of the first grating 300 splitting light in the first direction to the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400). In this way, the angle from the corresponding dispersion surface to the surface of the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 also increases, so the size required for the optical system of the wavelength selective switch with more than 64 dimensions (64 output ports) will increase sharply.

[0073] The first cylindrical lens 101 and the third cylindrical lens 103 included in the first lens device 100 in the embodiment of the present application can realize the function of convergence, and the spacing (first spacing) between the first cylindrical lens 101 and the third cylindrical lens 103 is greater than the spacing (second spacing) between the first cylindrical lens 101 and the first grating 300, and the first spacing is also greater than the spacing (third spacing) between the third cylindrical lens 103 and the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400. For example, if the second spacing is f, the third spacing is f, and the first spacing is 2f, then the spacing from the first grating 300 to the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 is 4f, and a real focus or focal plane is formed between the first cylindrical lens 101 and the third cylindrical lens 103, and the first cylindrical lens 101 or the third cylindrical lens 103 has enough spacing to converge the optical signal, so that the required beam switching angle becomes smaller, thereby effectively reducing the size of the wavelength selective switch, and providing more optical lenses to correct aberrations, avoid excessive aberrations, and improve coupling efficiency.

[0074] Exemplarily, in the first direction, the distance between the fourth cylindrical lens 201 and the first input port may be fy, and the distance between the fourth cylindrical lens 201 and the first grating 300 may also be fy, the distance between the second cylindrical lens 102 and the first grating 300 may be fy, and the distance between the second cylindrical lens 102 and the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 may also be fy, then in the first direction, the wavelength selective switch is a 2f+2f (grating front spacing + grating rear spacing) architecture. In the second direction, the distance between the fifth cylindrical lens 202 and the first input port may be fx, and the distance between the fifth cylindrical lens 202 and the first grating 300 may also be fx. The distance between the first cylindrical lens 101 and the first grating 300 is also fx, the distance between the fifth cylindrical lens 202 and the intermediate focal plane is also fx, the distance between the first cylindrical lens 101 and the third cylindrical lens 103 is 2fx, and the distance between the third cylindrical lens 103 and the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 is also fx, then in the second direction, the wavelength selective switch is a 2f+4f architecture.

[0075] It should be understood that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the front-to-back arrangement order of the first cylindrical lens 101, the second cylindrical lens 102 and the third cylindrical lens 103 in the first lens device 100, and does not limit the front-to-back arrangement order of the fourth cylindrical lens 201 and the fifth cylindrical lens 202 in the second lens device 200.

[0076] Optionally, more cylindrical lenses may be provided in the first lens device 100 or the second lens device 200 to further reduce the required beam switching angle, thereby meeting different needs of users. For example, the first lens device 100 is additionally provided with a cylindrical lens for further converging the optical signal, and at this time, the spacing between the first grating 300 and the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 is 6f.

[0077] Optionally, the first grating 300 may also be a transmission grating or other reflective gratings, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific type of the first grating 300.

[0078] Optional, such as Figure 4A As shown, in Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3A and Figure 3B The wavelength selective switch shown in the figure further includes a second input port, a second grating 301, a third lens device, a second silicon-based liquid crystal 401 and M output ports. The first input port, the second input port, the N output ports and the M output ports are all arranged on the end face of the optical fiber.

[0079] Specifically, the second grating 301 is used to diffract the optical signal input from the second input port based on the first direction, the second silicon-based liquid crystal 401 is used to deflect and modulate the optical signal input from the third lens device based on the second direction, the third lens device is used to collimate the optical signal input from the second grating 301 and the optical signal input from the second silicon-based liquid crystal 401 based on the first direction and the second direction, and converge the optical signal input from the second grating 301 and the optical signal input from the second silicon-based liquid crystal 401 based on the second direction, and the second grating 301 is also used to diffract the optical signal input from the third lens device to M output ports based on the first direction.

[0080] Wherein, M is a positive integer greater than 0, each wavelength in the optical signal input by the second input port corresponds to a different diffraction angle, and each wavelength in the optical signal input by the third lens device corresponds to one of the M output ports.

[0081] Further, the third lens device includes a sixth cylindrical lens 104, a seventh cylindrical lens 105 and an eighth cylindrical lens 106, the sixth cylindrical lens 104 is used to converge the optical signal input from the second grating 301 based on the second direction, and collimate the optical signal input from the second silicon-based liquid crystal 401 based on the second direction, the seventh cylindrical lens 105 is used to collimate the optical signal input from the second grating 301 based on the first direction, and converge the optical signal input from the second silicon-based liquid crystal 401 based on the first direction, the eighth cylindrical lens 106 is used to converge the optical signal input from the second silicon-based liquid crystal 401 based on the second direction, and collimate the optical signal input from the sixth cylindrical lens 104 based on the second direction. The second lens device 200 is also used to collimate the optical signal input from the second input port based on the first direction and the second direction, the second grating 301 is specifically used to diffract the optical signal input from the third lens device to the second lens device 200 based on the first direction, and the second lens device 200 is also used to converge the optical signal input from the second grating 301 to M output ports based on the first direction and the second direction.

[0082] The second lens device 200 includes a fourth cylindrical lens 201 and a fifth cylindrical lens 202. The fourth cylindrical lens 201 is used to collimate the optical signal input from the first input port and the optical signal input from the second input port based on the first direction, and to converge the optical signal input from the first grating 300 and the optical signal input from the second grating 301 based on the first direction. The fifth cylindrical lens 202 is used to collimate the optical signal input from the first input port and the optical signal input from the second input port based on the second direction, and to converge the optical signal input from the first grating 300 and the optical signal input from the second grating 301 based on the second direction.

[0083] In addition, the spacing between the sixth column lens 104 and the eighth column lens 106 is the fourth spacing, the spacing between the sixth column lens 104 and the second grating 301 is the fifth spacing, and the spacing between the eighth column lens 106 and the second silicon-based liquid crystal 401 is the sixth spacing. The fourth spacing is greater than the fifth spacing, and the fourth spacing is also greater than the sixth spacing. The relationship between the fourth spacing, the fifth spacing and the sixth spacing can refer to the first spacing, the second spacing and the third spacing, and the embodiments of the present application will not be repeated.

[0084] In the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3A and Figure 3B The wavelength selective switch shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a second input port, and the optical signal of the first input port and the optical signal of the second input port can share the second lens device 200. Therefore, a second grating 301, a third lens device, a second silicon-based liquid crystal 401 and M output ports are also added, which can correspond to Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3A and Figure 3B The first grating 300, the first lens device 100, the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 and the N output ports shown in the figure have essentially the same functions and elements, but are used for different input ports. For specific implementation methods, please refer to the corresponding description above, and the embodiments of the present application will not be repeated here.

[0085] Optionally, the first grating 300 and the second grating 301 are formed in one piece to reduce the cost of the wavelength selective switch.

[0086] Optionally, the devices behind the first grating 300 and the second grating 301 may be symmetrically distributed with an angle, or may be as follows: Figure 4B Parallel distribution shown.

[0087] It should be understood that the schematic diagram of the wavelength selective switch in the second direction is similar to Figure 2A and Figure 3A Consistent.

[0088] Optional, such as Figure 5A As shown, in Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3A and Figure 3B On the basis of the wavelength selective switch shown, the wavelength selective switch further includes a second input port, a first polarization beam splitter 501, a second polarization beam splitter 502 and M output ports.

[0089] Specifically, the first polarization beam splitter 501 is used to combine the optical signal input from the first input port and the optical signal input from the second input port, the first grating 300 is used to diffract the optical signal input from the first polarization beam splitter 501 based on the first direction, the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400 is used to deflect and modulate the optical signal input from the second polarization beam splitter 502 based on the second direction, the second polarization beam splitter 502 is used to split the optical signal input from the first lens device 100, and combine the optical signal input from the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400, the first grating 300 is also used to diffract the optical signal input from the first lens device 100 to the first polarization beam splitter 501 based on the first direction, and the first polarization beam splitter 501 is also used to split the optical signal input from the first grating 300 to N output ports and M output ports.

[0090] Wherein, M is a positive integer greater than 0, each wavelength in the optical signal input by the first polarization beam splitter 501 corresponds to a different diffraction angle, and each wavelength in the optical signal input by the first grating 300 corresponds to one of the N output ports or the M output ports.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3A and Figure 3B A second input port is added to the wavelength selective switch shown in FIG. 1 , and accordingly a first polarization beam splitter 501, a second polarization beam splitter 502 and M output ports are added. Figure 5B As shown, the first polarization beam splitter 501 combines the optical signals of the first input port and the second input port by polarization. The dotted line in the figure is the optical signal of the first input port, which is transmitted and emitted after passing through the reflection surface of the first polarization beam splitter 501. The solid line in the figure is the optical signal of the second input port. After passing through the first polarization beam splitter 501, the optical signal of the first input port and the optical signal of the second input port overlap, which is used for the optical path system in the subsequent multiplexing wavelength selection switch. Figure 5C As shown, the second polarization beam splitter 502 is used to separate the optical signals of the two multiplexed input ports, and distribute the optical signals of different input ports to different regions of the first silicon-based liquid crystal 400. It should be understood that if the size of a single silicon-based liquid crystal is not enough to cover the light spot surface of the two input ports, two silicon-based liquid crystals can also be used in parallel.

[0092] It should be understood that the schematic diagram of the wavelength selective switch in the first direction is similar to Figure 2B and Figure 3B Consistent.

[0093] Optionally, the optical signal input to the first grating 300 or the second grating 301 may be made a normal input, and the optical signal input to the N output ports or the M output ports may be made a normal input, without providing the second lens device 200, for example, by adjusting the position of the input port or the output port.

[0094] It should be understood that more input ports and output ports may be provided in the wavelength selective switch provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0095] It should be understood that the wavelength selective switch provided in the embodiment of the present application may also include components such as an optical fiber light source, a silicon-based liquid crystal cable, a control chip, and a printed circuit board (PCB), which will not be described in detail in the embodiment of the present application.

[0096] It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific arrangement of each optical device in the wavelength selection switch. For example, if the first cylindrical lens acts in the second direction and the second cylindrical lens acts in the first direction, then the action direction of the first cylindrical lens is parallel to the second direction, and the action direction of the second cylindrical lens is parallel to the first direction, that is, the first cylindrical lens and the second cylindrical lens are also perpendicular to each other in structure. However, in actual situations, there may be other requirements for the angle setting of the cylindrical lenses, then the action direction of the first cylindrical lens may be at an angle with the second direction, and the action direction of the second cylindrical lens may be at an angle with the first direction, for example, the angle formed by the first cylindrical lens and the second cylindrical lens in structure is greater than or equal to 70 degrees and less than or equal to 110 degrees, but it should be noted that at this time, the first cylindrical lens still only acts in the second direction, and the second cylindrical lens also only acts in the first direction, so it is also necessary to rotate or otherwise adjust the first cylindrical lens and the second cylindrical lens.

[0097] Summarizing the above embodiments, it can be seen that the wavelength selective switch provided in the embodiments of the present application can bring about the following five beneficial effects including but not limited to:

[0098] (1) A cylindrical lens with a longer spacing is set behind the grating, and a focal plane is formed between the two cylindrical lenses to converge the optical signal, so that the required beam switching angle becomes smaller, thereby effectively reducing the size of the wavelength selective switch.

[0099] (2) More optical elements are provided to correct the larger aberrations corresponding to the larger C+L band range, effectively improving the coupling efficiency of the system.

[0100] (3) The diffraction element uses a reflective grating. The dispersion angle is further amplified after reflection from the grating, and the dispersion effect is doubled. Especially in the case of the C+L wide band, it can effectively shorten the light beam propagation distance required to separate different wavelengths, and has excellent dispersion performance.

[0101] (4) A transmissive mirror group is selected. Compared with a fully reflective optical element, the optical axes between the transmissive mirror groups are coaxial. Compared with the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment of a reflective element, the installation and adjustment cost can be effectively reduced. In addition, it is also applicable to conventional silicon-based liquid crystals, further effectively reducing costs.

[0102] (5) It is applicable to the wavelength selection switching function of multiple input ports and reduces costs by multiplexing some components.

[0103] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed structure can be implemented in other ways. For example, the embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the structure can be divided in other ways in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another structure, or some features can be ignored. Some or all of the structures can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0104] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A wavelength selective switch, characterized in that: It includes a first input port, a first grating, a first lens device, a first silicon-based liquid crystal and N output ports, wherein N is a positive integer greater than 0; The first grating is used to diffract the optical signal input from the first input port based on a first direction, and each wavelength in the optical signal input from the first input port corresponds to a different diffraction angle; The first silicon-based liquid crystal is used for deflecting and modulating the optical signal input by the first lens device based on a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; The first lens device is used for collimating the optical signal input by the first grating and the optical signal input by the first LCOS based on the first direction and the second direction, and converging the optical signal input by the first grating and the optical signal input by the first LCOS based on the second direction; The first grating is further used for diffracting the optical signal input by the first lens device to the N output ports based on the first direction, and each wavelength in the optical signal input by the first lens device corresponds to one output port among the N output ports.

2. The wavelength selective switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first lens device includes a first cylindrical lens, a second cylindrical lens and a third cylindrical lens; The first cylindrical lens is used for converging the optical signal input by the first grating based on the second direction, and for collimating the optical signal input by the first liquid crystal on silicon based on the second direction; The second cylindrical lens is used for collimating the optical signal input by the first grating based on the first direction, and converging the optical signal input by the first liquid crystal on silicon based on the first direction; The third cylindrical lens is used to converge the optical signal input by the first Si-based liquid crystal based on the second direction, and to collimate the optical signal input by the first cylindrical lens based on the second direction.

3. The wavelength selective switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first spacing is greater than the second spacing, and the first spacing is also greater than the third spacing. The first spacing is the spacing between the first column lens and the third column lens, the second spacing is the spacing between the first column lens and the first grating, and the third spacing is the spacing between the third column lens and the first silicon-based liquid crystal.

4. The wavelength selective switch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The wavelength selective switch further comprises a second lens device; The second lens device is used for collimating the optical signal input from the first input port based on the first direction and the second direction; The first grating is specifically used to diffract the optical signal input by the second lens device based on the first direction; The first grating is further configured to diffract the optical signal input by the first lens device to the second lens device based on the first direction; The second lens device is further used for converging the optical signal input by the first grating to the N output ports based on the first direction and the second direction.

5. The wavelength selective switch according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second lens device includes a fourth cylindrical lens and a fifth cylindrical lens; The fourth cylindrical lens is used for collimating the optical signal input from the first input port based on the first direction, and converging the optical signal input from the first grating based on the first direction; The fifth cylindrical lens is used for collimating the optical signal input from the first input port based on the second direction, and converging the optical signal input from the first grating based on the second direction.

6. The wavelength selective switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first grating is a prism.

7. The wavelength selective switch according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The wavelength selective switch further includes a second input port, a second grating, a third lens device, a second silicon-based liquid crystal, and M output ports, wherein M is a positive integer greater than 0; The second grating is used to diffract the optical signal input from the second input port based on the first direction, and each wavelength in the optical signal input from the second input port corresponds to a different diffraction angle; The second silicon-based liquid crystal is used for modulating the optical signal input by the third lens device based on the second direction deflection; The third lens device is used for collimating the optical signal input by the second grating and the optical signal input by the second LCOS based on the first direction and the second direction, and converging the optical signal input by the second grating and the optical signal input by the second LCOS based on the second direction; The second grating is further used for diffracting the optical signal input by the third lens device to the M output ports based on the first direction, and each wavelength in the optical signal input by the third lens device corresponds to one output port among the M output ports.

8. The wavelength selective switch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third lens device includes a sixth cylindrical lens, a seventh cylindrical lens and an eighth cylindrical lens; The sixth cylindrical lens is used for converging the optical signal input by the second grating based on the second direction, and for collimating the optical signal input by the second liquid crystal on silicon based on the second direction; The seventh cylindrical lens is used for collimating the optical signal input by the second grating based on the first direction, and converging the optical signal input by the second silicon-based liquid crystal based on the first direction; The eighth cylindrical lens is used to converge the optical signal input by the second silicon-based liquid crystal based on the second direction, and to collimate the optical signal input by the sixth cylindrical lens based on the second direction.

9. The wavelength selective switch according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fourth spacing is greater than the fifth spacing, and the fourth spacing is also greater than the sixth spacing. The fourth spacing is the spacing between the sixth column lens and the eighth column lens, the fifth spacing is the spacing between the sixth column lens and the second grating, and the sixth spacing is the spacing between the eighth column lens and the second silicon-based liquid crystal.

10. The wavelength selective switch according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The wavelength selective switch further comprises a second lens device; The second lens device is used for collimating the optical signal input from the first input port and the optical signal input from the second input port based on the first direction and the second direction; The first grating is specifically used to diffract the optical signal input by the second lens device based on the first direction; The first grating is further configured to diffract the optical signal input by the first lens device to the second lens device based on the first direction; The second grating is further configured to diffract the optical signal input by the third lens component to the second lens component based on the first direction; The second lens device is further used for converging the optical signals input by the first grating to the N output ports and converging the optical signals input by the second grating to the M output ports based on the first direction and the second direction.

11. The wavelength selective switch according to claim 10, characterized in that: The second lens device includes a fourth cylindrical lens and a fifth cylindrical lens; The fourth cylindrical lens is used for collimating the optical signal input from the first input port and the optical signal input from the second input port based on the first direction, and converging the optical signal input from the first grating and the optical signal input from the second grating based on the first direction; The fifth cylindrical lens is used for collimating the optical signal input from the first input port and the optical signal input from the second input port based on the second direction, and converging the optical signal input from the first grating and the optical signal input from the second grating based on the second direction.

12. The wavelength selective switch according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that: The first grating and the second grating are integrally formed.

13. The wavelength selective switch according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The wavelength selective switch further comprises a second input port, a first polarization beam splitter, a second polarization beam splitter and M output ports, wherein M is a positive integer greater than 0; The first polarization beam splitter is used to combine the optical signal input from the first input port and the optical signal input from the second input port; The first grating is used for diffracting the optical signal input by the first polarization beam splitter based on a first direction, and each wavelength in the optical signal input by the first polarization beam splitter corresponds to a different diffraction angle; The first silicon-based liquid crystal is used for modulating the optical signal input by the second polarization beam splitter based on a second direction deflection; The second polarization beam splitter is used to split the optical signal input by the first lens device and combine the optical signal input by the first silicon-based liquid crystal; The first grating is further used to diffract the optical signal input by the first lens device to the first polarization beam splitter based on the first direction; The first polarization splitter is further used to split the optical signal input by the first grating into the N output ports and the M output ports, and each wavelength in the optical signal input by the first grating corresponds to one output port among the N output ports or the M output ports.

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