Instruction processing system and method, quantum control system and quantum computer

Abstract

The invention discloses an instruction processing system and method, a quantum control system and a quantum computer, and the system comprises a state starting module which is used for transmitting a data output request according to a waveform parameter instruction transmitted by an upper computer; the cycle period determination module is used for determining a cycle clock period according to the first quantity of the waveform data output by the data generation module in a single clock period and the amplitude repetition times; and the data generation module is used for responding to a data output request, generating waveform data of a rising edge and a falling edge of a pulse signal waveform according to the initial amplitude, the number of amplitude repetition times, the amplitude increment and the total amount of the waveform data in each cycle clock period and outputting the waveform data. The waveform parameter instruction is adopted in the lower computer to generate the waveform data of the pulse signal, the problems that the waveform data size of the pulse signal is large, the internal storage is occupied when the pulse signal is issued to the lower computer, transmission is slow, and the calculation efficiency of quantum calculation is influenced can be solved, and the calculation efficiency of quantum calculation can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of quantum computing, and in particular to an instruction processing system, method, quantum control system and quantum computer. Background Art

[0002] Quantum chips are the core components for running quantum computing. They integrate multiple qubits, such as spin qubits on semiconductor quantum chips. DC signals and pulse signals are used to manipulate spin qubits, and radio frequency signals are used to measure spin qubits.

[0003] When using pulse signals to manipulate the two-bit gate of spin quantum bits, the accuracy requirements for the pulse signals are very high, and the pulse period is usually in the nanosecond level, for example, the waveform with a pulse signal period of less than 100ns. In addition, when using pulse signals to perform CPMG (Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill) and RB (Randomized Benchmarking) experiments on spin quantum bits, the accuracy requirements for the waveform are relatively low, and the pulse duration is usually in the millisecond level; that is, the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform are relatively slow, and the waveform data of the complete waveform is relatively large.

[0004] It can be found that when controlling and measuring the conductor quantum chip, the applied pulse signals are various, and the pulse amplitude and pulse period of the pulse signals are different, which need to be determined according to the quantum computing task to be performed. In a quantum computing task, it is necessary to apply several different high-precision pulse signals to the spin quantum bit; and in order to ensure the accuracy of the results of the quantum computing task, the manipulation is usually repeated thousands or even tens of thousands of times, and the time intervals of the repeated operations are also different; in the specific manipulation, it is necessary to combine all the manipulated pulse signals into a combined pulse signal and apply it to the spin quantum bit for manipulation.

[0005] In the prior art, a host computer is usually used to receive quantum computing tasks, and the waveform of the pulse signal that needs to be applied to each spin quantum bit is determined according to the quantum computing task, and the waveform data is sent to the slave computer and stored in the slave computer. The slave computer outputs the corresponding pulse signal according to the waveform data; wherein the slave computer usually uses a quantum measurement and control system. As mentioned above, there are various pulse signals for manipulating quantum bits, and the waveform parameters of each pulse signal are also different. Each waveform parameter needs to be sent down; and some waveforms are combined pulse signals, and the amount of waveform data is very large, which is very time-consuming when sent down, and also takes up a lot of memory when stored in the quantum measurement and control system.

[0006] In addition, this waveform data is pre-stored and cannot be adjusted in real time. When the pulse signal needs to be adjusted, the upper computer needs to update the waveform data of the pulse signal and re-send it to the lower computer. This is affected by the time when the data is sent, which directly reduces the computational efficiency of quantum computing. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide an instruction processing system, method, quantum control system and quantum computer to solve the problem in the prior art that the large amount of waveform data of the pulse signal causes the memory to be occupied when sent to the lower computer and the transmission is slow, which affects the computing efficiency of quantum computing, and can greatly improve the computing efficiency of quantum computing.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the first aspect of the present application provides an instruction processing system for outputting waveform data of a pulse signal for manipulating a quantum bit, including:

[0009] The state start module is used to send a data output request according to the waveform parameter instruction sent by the host computer; wherein the waveform parameter instruction includes the starting amplitude of the rising edge and the falling edge of the pulse signal waveform, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data;

[0010] A cycle determination module, used for determining the cycle clock period according to the first quantity of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock period and the number of amplitude repetitions;

[0011] The data generation module is used to respond to data output requests and generate and output waveform data of the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform according to the starting amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment and the total amount of waveform data in each cyclic clock period.

[0012] In the instruction processing system as described above, preferably, the cyclic clock period is the quotient of the least common multiple of the amplitude repetition times and the first number and the first number; wherein the first number is the number of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock period.

[0013] In the instruction processing system as described above, preferably, the first number is equal to the quotient of the sampling rate of the digital-to-analog conversion module and the working clock frequency of the waveform data generation module; wherein the digital-to-analog conversion module is used to generate a corresponding pulse signal based on the waveform data.

[0014] In the instruction processing system as described above, preferably, the data generation module includes a plurality of data output units;

[0015] Each of the data output units is used to output the waveform data within the cyclic clock period according to the starting amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment and the total amount of waveform data;

[0016] The number of the data output units is equal to the number of clock cycles included in the cyclic clock period.

[0017] In the instruction processing system as described above, preferably, each of the data output units is also used to determine whether the current clock cycle needs to supplement the sampling point data based on the total amount of current waveform data.

[0018] In the instruction processing system as described above, preferably, when the judgment is yes, the data output unit is further used to fill the number of sampling points with the preset amplitude to the first number in the current clock cycle.

[0019] In the instruction processing system as described above, preferably, the state startup module, the cycle period determination module and the data generation module are all functional modules integrated into the FPGA.

[0020] The second aspect of the present application provides an instruction processing method for outputting waveform data of a pulse signal for manipulating a quantum bit, comprising:

[0021] Sending a data output request according to the waveform parameter instruction sent by the host computer; wherein the waveform parameter instruction includes the starting amplitude of the rising edge and the falling edge of the pulse signal waveform, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data;

[0022] Determine the cyclic clock period according to the first quantity of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock period and the number of amplitude repetitions;

[0023] In response to a data output request, the waveform data of the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform are generated and output according to the starting amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment and the total amount of waveform data in each cyclic clock period.

[0024] A third aspect of the present application provides a quantum control system, comprising any one of the above-mentioned instruction processing systems, host computer systems, and signal generation systems;

[0025] The host computer system is used to receive quantum computing tasks and issue corresponding waveform parameter instructions;

[0026] The instruction processing system is used to output waveform data of the pulse signal according to the waveform parameter instruction;

[0027] The signal generating system is used to output a corresponding pulse signal according to the waveform data; or

[0028] The above instruction processing method is used to output the waveform data of the pulse signal.

[0029] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a quantum computer, comprising the above-mentioned quantum control system and a quantum processor, wherein the quantum processor performs quantum calculations based on a pulse signal output by the quantum control system.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the instruction processing system provided by the present application is used to manipulate the spin quantum bits on the semiconductor quantum processor. The host computer sends the parameters of the wave pulse signal waveform to the instruction processing system in the form of waveform parameter instructions. The state startup module in the instruction processing system starts the conversion of the waveform parameter instructions, and then the waveform data generation module performs the specific waveform coefficient conversion work, and generates and outputs the waveform data of the complete cycle of the pulse signal waveform according to the waveform coefficient. By generating waveform data of various pulse signal waveforms in the instruction processing system of the lower computer, it is avoided that the host computer sends the complete waveform data of each pulse waveform, which greatly reduces the amount of data sent by the host computer module and improves the efficiency of quantum computing.

[0031] The quantum control system and quantum computer provided in this application belong to the same application concept as the instruction processing system, and therefore have the same beneficial effects, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a combined pulse waveform provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another combined pulse waveform provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the composition of an instruction processing system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a data generation module provided in an embodiment of the present application outputting waveform data within a cyclic clock period;

[0036] Figure 5 A data generation module provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a schematic diagram of several data output units;

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a data output unit providing supplementary sampling point data in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a data output unit providing supplementary sampling point data in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 8 A flowchart of an instruction processing method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the composition of a quantum control system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Description of the drawings:

[0042] 1-host computer system, 2-command processing system, 3-signal generation system;

[0043] 10 - state start module, 20 - cycle period determination module, 30 - data generation module, 200 - data output unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The specific implementation of the present application will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the schematic diagram. The advantages and features of the present application will become clearer according to the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present application.

[0045] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0046] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0047] In a semiconductor quantum computer, multiple spin qubits are integrated on a quantum processor. It is usually necessary to form a spin qubit by applying a DC signal to the quantum processor, and use a pulse signal to manipulate two adjacent spin qubits so that a two-bit gate operation can be performed between the two spin qubits. The fidelity of the two-bit gate operation is closely related to the pulse response time of the applied pulse signal, which requires that the periods of the rising and falling edges of the applied pulse signal are very short, usually in the nanosecond level.

[0048] In addition, when using pulse signals to experiment on spin quantum bits, such as performing CPMG (Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill) and RB (Randomized Benchmarking) experiments, the waveform accuracy requirements are relatively low, and the pulse duration is usually in the millisecond level; that is, the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform are relatively slow, and the waveform data of the complete waveform is relatively large. In addition, in order to ensure the accuracy of the experimental results, the manipulation is usually repeated thousands or even tens of thousands of times. Specifically, all pulse signals are combined into a combined pulse signal and applied to the spin quantum bit, and the manipulation results are experimented; it can be imagined that the waveform data of the combined pulse signal is very large.

[0049] Pulse signals are generally output by a signal source, a signal generator, or a quantum control system, and the waveform data of the pulse signal depends on the quantum computing task to be performed, and is usually sent down by the host computer. When a spin quantum bit performs a complex quantum computing task, it is necessary to continuously apply several pulse signals with different signal parameters to the same spin quantum bit. When repeated manipulation is required, the same pulse signal needs to be continuously applied to the same spin quantum bit. Regardless of whether the signal parameters of the pulse signal are the same, for several pulse signals, the waveforms of several pulse signals are usually spliced ​​into a combined pulse waveform in the host computer, and the combined pulse waveform is sent down to the quantum control system, which outputs a specific pulse signal based on the waveform data of the combined pulse waveform.

[0050] As attached Figure 1 The combined pulse waveform shown is the waveform of the pulse signal for performing a two-bit gate operation on the spin quantum bit. The pulse response time of the rising and falling edges is very short, usually in the nanosecond level, and its slope is very steep. The horizontal axis represents the pulse time, and the vertical axis represents the pulse amplitude. The pulse time and pulse amplitude correspond to each other to form a lot of waveform data; Figure 1 The combined pulse waveform in includes several pulse signals with different pulse amplitudes and pulse times, and the time intervals between the pulse signals are also different. It can be imagined that the complexity of the combined pulse waveform is very high. For this combined pulse waveform, the host computer needs to send all waveform data of the combined pulse waveform to the quantum measurement and control system.

[0051] As attached Figure 2 The combined pulse waveform shown is the waveform of the pulse signal when the CPMG and RB experiments are performed on the spin quantum bit. The pulse response time of the rising and falling edges is very long, usually in the millisecond level, and its slope is very slow. Among them, the horizontal axis of the coordinate represents the pulse time, and the vertical axis represents the pulse amplitude. The pulse time and pulse amplitude correspond to each other to form a lot of waveform data; Figure 2The combined pulse waveform in includes two pulse signal waveforms, which can be understood as the need to perform two repeated experiments on the spin quantum bit. For this combined pulse waveform, the host computer needs to send all waveform data of the combined pulse waveform to the quantum control system, and the quantum control system outputs the corresponding pulse signal according to all waveform data.

[0052] It is conceivable that the waveform of the pulse signal sent by the host computer is Figure 1 Still attached Figure 2 The complexity and quantity of waveform data are very large. Moreover, when a pulse waveform in a combined pulse waveform needs to be optimized, the pulse waveform needs to be updated and the updated combined pulse waveform needs to be reissued, which greatly affects the efficiency of quantum computing.

[0053] It should be noted that the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The combined pulse waveform of the example is only an example. The pulse waveform of the applied single pulse signal and the specific parameters and waveform data of the combined pulse waveform need to be determined according to the quantum computing task to be performed, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0054] Continue as attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 From the pulse signal waveform shown, it can be found that the waveform data of the pulse signal generally includes the amplitude of the low level, the waveform data of the rising edge and the falling edge, and the amplitude of the high level, wherein the low level amplitude and the high level amplitude are both fixed values, and the waveform data of the rising edge and the falling edge are generally linear, and the correspondence between the time and amplitude of the pulse signal can be represented by coefficients, that is, the waveform data of the rising edge and the falling edge are both represented in the form of coefficients, and the coefficients of the rising edge and the falling edge are opposite.

[0055] As attached Figure 3 As shown, in an embodiment of the present application, an instruction processing system is proposed for outputting waveform data of a pulse signal for manipulating a quantum bit, including: a state startup module 10, for sending a data output request according to a waveform parameter instruction sent by a host computer; wherein the waveform parameter instruction includes the starting amplitude of the rising edge and the falling edge of the pulse signal waveform, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data; a cycle period determination module 20, for determining the cycle clock period according to the first number of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock period and the number of amplitude repetitions; the data generation module 30, for responding to the data output request and generating and outputting the waveform data of the rising edge and the falling edge of the pulse signal waveform according to the starting amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment and the total amount of waveform data in each cycle clock period.

[0056] The instruction processing system of the present application is integrated in the lower computer or the quantum control system and is connected to the upper computer by communication. The instruction processing system includes a state startup module 10 and a data generation module 30. Among them, the working state of the state startup module 10 includes an idle state and a working state; usually an idle state, when receiving the waveform parameter instruction sent by the upper computer, it enters the working state and sends a data output request; and the cycle clock period is determined by the cycle period determination module 20, and then the data generation module 30 responds to the output request and generates specific waveform data and outputs it within the clock cycle period according to the starting amplitude of the rising edge and falling edge of the pulse signal waveform in the waveform parameter instruction, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment and the total amount of waveform data; after the data generation module 30 outputs the waveform data, the state of the state startup module 10 is updated to an idle state until the next waveform parameter instruction sent by the upper computer is received.

[0057] As is known to all, a pulse signal is generally outputted by a digital-to-analog conversion module according to an input digital signal, and the digital signal represents the corresponding relationship between the time and amplitude of the pulse signal; in this embodiment, the waveform data outputted by the data generation module 30 is a digital signal, which is used to represent the amplitude information of the pulse signal. Among them, the waveform data of each amplitude in this embodiment is repeated multiple times and then incremented, for example, the amplitude of the first waveform data is the starting amplitude, which is incremented to the second amplitude after being repeated N times, that is, the first waveform data is repeated N times, and the amplitude of the waveform data during the repetition is always the starting amplitude; the second amplitude is repeated N times and then incremented to the third amplitude, and so on, each waveform data is repeated N times until the total amount of waveform data reaches the total amount of waveform data in the waveform parameter instruction issued by the host computer.

[0058] As described above, the rising edge of different pulse periods can be achieved by setting different amplitude repetition times, which can be determined specifically according to the parameters of the pulse signal of the spin quantum bit experiment.

[0059] The data generation module has a working clock cycle, and each clock cycle outputs a first number of waveform data; since the repetition amount of the waveform data is not equal to the first number, two waveform data of adjacent amplitude information will be output in one clock cycle; it is conceivable that the waveform data of each sampling point must be repeated multiple times, and in several consecutive clock cycles, the waveform data of several complete sampling points can be output. The continuous clock cycle is the cyclic clock cycle, and in each cyclic clock cycle, the distribution of the waveform data of the sampling points output by the data generation module in the clock cycle is the same. The number of working clock cycles of the data generation module contained in the cyclic clock cycle is determined by the cyclic cycle determination module according to the first number and the number of amplitude repetitions, so that the data generation module can generate the waveform data of the complete cycle of the pulse signal according to the layout of the waveform data of the sampling points in the cyclic clock cycle, thereby improving the generation efficiency of the waveform data.

[0060] As attached Figure 4 The waveform data of the five sampling points shown in the figure are distributed in four clock cycles. The data generation module outputs 10 waveform data per clock cycle, and the number of repetitions of each waveform data in the waveform parameter instruction is 8 times. Then, within four cycles, the data generation module can output waveform data of five sampling points. In the first clock cycle, the sampling point of the first amplitude is repeated 8 times, and the second sampling point after the other two amplitudes increase, and so on to four clock cycles. The data distribution can be expressed as {8f0, 2f1}, {6f1, 4f2}, {4f2, 6f3}, {2f3, 8f4}; in the next cycle clock cycle, the distribution of the waveform data of the five sampling points in four clock cycles is still the same. The data generation module generates the waveform data of each sampling point in turn according to the distribution of the same waveform data in the cycle clock cycle.

[0061] In addition, Figure 3 This is only a partial example. After the 6th column of waveform data, there are also waveform data that are not shown. In specific implementation, it needs to be determined based on the total amount of waveform data.

[0062] Therefore, the host computer sends the starting amplitude of the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data to the instruction processing system in the form of waveform parameter instructions. The state startup module in the instruction processing system starts the conversion of the waveform parameter instructions, and the cycle determination module determines the cycle clock cycle. Then, the data generation module performs specific waveform parameter instruction conversion according to the cycle clock cycle, generates and outputs the waveform data of the complete cycle of the pulse signal waveform. The waveform parameter instruction is much smaller than the waveform data of the complete cycle. By generating the waveform data of various pulse signal waveforms in the instruction processing system of the lower computer, the host computer avoids sending the complete waveform data of each pulse waveform, which greatly reduces the amount of data sent by the host computer module and improves the efficiency of quantum computing.

[0063] Continue as attached Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the cyclic clock period is the quotient of the least common multiple of the amplitude repetition times and the first number and the first number; wherein the first number is the number of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock period. Specifically, the first number is equal to the quotient of the sampling rate of the digital-to-analog conversion module and the working clock frequency of the waveform data generation module; wherein the digital-to-analog conversion module is used to generate a corresponding pulse signal according to the waveform data.

[0064] In a quantum computer, both the host computer module and the slave computer module operate according to a preset working clock; the instruction processing system also has a working clock frequency, that is, the data generation module outputs waveform data according to the preset working clock frequency, wherein the derivative of the working clock frequency is the clock period of the data generation module, and the data generation module outputs a first amount of waveform data in each clock period.

[0065] In this embodiment, the first quantity is equal to the quotient of the sampling rate of the signal generation module and the working clock frequency of the data generation module, wherein the clock cycle and the working clock frequency are in a derivative relationship; the signal generation module is used to output a corresponding pulse signal according to the waveform data. Specifically, the waveform data output by the data generation module 30 is sent to the signal generation module, which is converted into a specific pulse signal and output by the signal generation module. The signal generation module can use a DAC. For the signal generation module, it has a preset sampling rate, and the first quantity of waveform data output by the data generation module in a single clock cycle needs to match the number of sampling points of the signal generation module.

[0066] For example, the sampling rate of the signal generating module is 1 GHz, and the working clock frequency of the data generating module is 100 MHz. Therefore, the data generating module needs to output 10 waveform data as the sampling points of the signal generating module in each clock cycle, which is used to match the number of sampling points of the data generating module and the signal generating module to ensure the accuracy of the pulse signal output by the signal generating module.

[0067] The corresponding cycle clock period is determined according to the different amplitude repetition times, and each waveform data is generated according to the distribution of the waveform data within the cycle clock period. In addition, after the host computer adjusts the amplitude repetition times, the waveform parameter instruction is sent to the instruction processing system for the data generation module to update the generated waveform data.

[0068] As attached Figure 5 As shown, as an implementation mode of an embodiment of the present application, the data generation module includes a plurality of data output units; each of the data output units is used to output the waveform data within the cyclic clock period based on the starting amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment and the total amount of waveform data; wherein the number of the data output units is equal to the number of clock cycles contained in the cyclic clock period.

[0069] Combined with Figure 4 The schematic diagram shows the distribution of waveform data output in each clock cycle. Each clock cycle in the cyclic clock cycle corresponds to a data output unit. Each data output unit generates waveform data according to the starting amplitude, amplitude repetition times, and amplitude increment sent by the state startup module.

[0070] In addition, when the data output unit outputs the waveform data, it counts the number of waveform data outputted. Specifically, when the data output unit generates the current number of waveform data with the same amplitude in each clock cycle, it determines the number of waveform data with the next amplitude that needs to be generated in the first number of waveform data in the clock cycle. Figure 3 For example, after 8 waveform data with an amplitude of 10mv are generated in the first clock cycle, it is determined that 2 more waveform data with an amplitude of 20mv need to be generated to ensure that the total amount of waveform data output in this clock cycle is 10.

[0071] In this embodiment, each of the data output units is further used to determine whether the current clock cycle needs to supplement sampling point data based on the current waveform data amount. If the determination is yes, the data output unit is further used to supplement the number of sampling points with a preset amplitude to the first number in the current clock cycle.

[0072] For example, the sampling rate of the signal generation module is 1GHz, and the number of waveform data output per clock cycle is 10. When the total amount of waveform data of the rising edge sent by the host computer is 200, since the number of waveform data output per clock cycle is 10, the waveform data generation module can output exactly 200 waveform data in the first 20 clock cycles. At this time, there is no need to supplement the waveform data, and it can be directly output. When the total number of waveform data of the rising edge is 204, that is, the waveform data generation module needs to output 200 waveform data in the first 20 clock cycles, and output the last 4 waveform data in the 21st clock cycle. Obviously, the waveform data output in the 21st clock cycle does not meet the number of 10, so it is necessary to continue to supplement 6 waveform data. Among them, the amplitude of the supplemented 6 waveform data can be a fixed value or a preset amplitude, which can be set according to the specific scenario and requirements.

[0073] In addition, the preset amplitude of the waveform data that needs to be supplemented is generally sent from the host computer to the preset parameter configuration module, and sent to the waveform data generation module after the configuration is completed. When the waveform data generation module determines that the sampling point data needs to be supplemented, the waveform data generation module supplements it according to the preset amplitude.

[0074] Attach Figure 7As an example, the waveform data generated by the waveform data generation module is illustrated, the left column 1-10 indicates that the waveform data generation module outputs 10 waveform data in a single clock cycle, i.e., the first quantity; the right 6 columns are the waveform data output by the waveform data generation module, wherein 10 in the first column is the starting amplitude, the amplitude increment is 10, the amplitude is repeated 8 times, the total number of waveform data is 66, and the amount of waveform data with an amplitude of 70 output in the last clock cycle is less than 10, then 4 waveform data need to be supplemented, and the preset amplitude of the supplemented waveform data is set to 10.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present application, the state startup module, the cycle determination module and the data generation module are all functional modules integrated in the FPGA. By integrating the state startup module and the data generation module in the FPGA, the communication module is connected to the host computer by communication, and the corresponding waveform data is generated according to the waveform parameter instruction issued by the host computer and sent to the digital-to-analog conversion module; and the waveform parameter instruction can be adjusted in real time according to the control needs, and the waveform data of the pulse signal of various requirements can be output. Among them, the digital-to-analog conversion module can use DAC, communicate with the waveform data generation module in the FPGA, and output the corresponding pulse waveform according to the received waveform data.

[0076] As attached Figure 8 As shown, based on the same application concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides an instruction processing method for outputting waveform data of a pulse signal for manipulating a quantum bit, comprising the following steps:

[0077] Step S10: Send a data output request according to the waveform parameter instruction sent by the host computer; wherein the waveform parameter instruction includes the starting amplitude of the rising edge and the falling edge of the pulse signal waveform, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data.

[0078] Step S20: determining the cyclic clock period according to the first quantity of waveform data output by the data generating module in each clock period and the number of amplitude repetitions.

[0079] Step S20: Respond to the data output request and generate and output the waveform data of the rising edge and falling edge of the pulse signal waveform according to the starting amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment and the total amount of waveform data in each cyclic clock period.

[0080] Based on the same application concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a quantum control system, including any of the above-mentioned instruction processing systems 2, host computer system 1, and signal generation system 3; the host computer system 1 is used to receive quantum computing tasks and issue corresponding waveform parameter instructions; the instruction processing system 2 is used to output the waveform data of the pulse signal according to the waveform parameter instruction; the signal generation system 3 is used to output the corresponding pulse signal according to the waveform data. In addition, the quantum control system uses the above-mentioned method to output the waveform data of the pulse signal.

[0081] The quantum computing task is received by the host computer system 1, and the waveform parameter instruction of the corresponding pulse signal is determined according to the quantum computing task to be performed, and the instruction processing system 2 in the lower computer generates waveform data of various pulse signal waveforms, and the corresponding pulse signal is output by the signal generation system 3; avoiding the host computer system 1 from sending the complete waveform data of each pulse waveform, greatly reducing the amount of data sent by the host computer system 1, and improving the efficiency of quantum computing.

[0082] Based on the same application concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a quantum computer, including the above-mentioned quantum control system and a quantum processor, wherein the quantum processor performs quantum calculations based on a pulse signal output by the quantum control system.

[0083] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example" or "specific example" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0084] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not have any limiting effect on the present application. Any technical personnel in the relevant technical field, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application, may make any form of equivalent replacement or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the present application, which shall be deemed as the content of the technical solution of the present application and still fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An instruction processing system for outputting waveform data of a pulse signal for manipulating a quantum bit, characterized in that: include: The state start module is used to send a data output request according to the waveform parameter instruction sent by the host computer; wherein the waveform parameter instruction includes the starting amplitude of the rising edge and the falling edge of the pulse signal waveform, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data; A cycle determination module, used for determining the cycle clock period according to the first quantity of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock period and the number of amplitude repetitions; The data generation module is used to respond to data output requests and generate and output waveform data of the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform according to the starting amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment and the total amount of waveform data in each cyclic clock period.

2. The instruction processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclic clock period is the quotient of the least common multiple of the amplitude repetition times and the first number and the first number; wherein the first number is the number of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock period.

3. The instruction processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first number is equal to the quotient of the sampling rate of the digital-to-analog conversion module and the working clock frequency of the waveform data generation module; wherein the digital-to-analog conversion module is used to generate a corresponding pulse signal according to the waveform data.

4. The instruction processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data generation module includes a plurality of data output units; Each of the data output units is used to output the waveform data within the cyclic clock period according to the starting amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment and the total amount of waveform data; The number of the data output units is equal to the number of clock cycles included in the cyclic clock period.

5. The instruction processing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the data output units is also used to determine whether the current clock cycle needs to supplement the sampling point data according to the total amount of current waveform data.

6. The instruction processing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the judgment is yes, the data output unit is further used to fill in the number of sampling points with a preset amplitude to a first number in the current clock cycle.

7. The instruction processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The state start module, the cycle period determination module and the data generation module are all functional modules integrated in the FPGA.

8. A command processing method for outputting waveform data of a pulse signal for manipulating a quantum bit, characterized in that: include: Sending a data output request according to the waveform parameter instruction sent by the host computer; wherein the waveform parameter instruction includes the starting amplitude of the rising edge and the falling edge of the pulse signal waveform, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data; Determine the cyclic clock period according to the first quantity of waveform data output by the data generation module in each clock period and the number of amplitude repetitions; In response to a data output request, the waveform data of the rising and falling edges of the pulse signal waveform are generated and output according to the starting amplitude, the number of amplitude repetitions, the amplitude increment and the total amount of waveform data in each cyclic clock period.

9. A quantum control system, characterized in that: It comprises the instruction processing system, the host computer system, and the signal generating system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7; The host computer system is used to receive quantum computing tasks and issue corresponding waveform parameter instructions; The instruction processing system is used to output waveform data of the pulse signal according to the waveform parameter instruction; The signal generating system is used to output a corresponding pulse signal according to the waveform data; or The instruction processing method as claimed in claim 8 is used to output the waveform data of the pulse signal.

10. A quantum computer, characterized in that: The invention comprises the quantum control system as claimed in claim 9 and a quantum processor, wherein the quantum processor performs quantum calculation based on the pulse signal output by the quantum control system.

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