Qt-based digital vector signal analysis method and upper computer system

Abstract

The invention provides a Qt-based digital vector signal analysis method and an upper computer system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining an IP address of a device, and building a connection between an upper computer and each device according to the IP address; a friendly user interface is designed through a Qt framework, and a user is allowed to customize analysis parameters and check analysis results; signal data in the equipment is sent to an upper computer through a communication interface, and the upper computer analyzes the received original data; according to the method, Qt is adopted to carry out upper computer module framework design, a visual and friendly operation interface is provided, a user is allowed to customize analysis parameters and check analysis results, and cross-platform compatibility of an upper computer system is achieved by applying Qt component programming; a Qt multi-thread management mechanism is adopted, so that the data transmission efficiency is effectively improved; and multiple signal analysis algorithms are supported, and different application requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of digital signal processing and software graphical processing, and in particular relates to a Qt-based digital vector signal analysis method and a host computer system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of communication technology, digital signal processing plays an important role in modern communication systems. For example, signal filtering and noise suppression: used to remove noise and interference in the signal and improve signal quality. Signal modulation and demodulation: signal modulation and demodulation are achieved through DSP technology. Compression and coding: used for data compression and coding, reducing bandwidth occupancy and improving transmission efficiency. Digital vector signal analysis, as an important branch of digital signal processing, is mainly used to analyze received digital signals to extract effective information. The existing host computer system usually has the following problems when processing digital vector signals:

[0003] Unfriendly interface: Some existing systems have complex user interface designs that lack the intuitiveness and aesthetics of modern user interface designs, and users need to spend a lot of time learning and adapting to them when operating them. For example, LabVIEW, although widely used in engineering and scientific fields, its graphical programming environment is considered by some users to be not intuitive enough, and the interface layout may appear too complicated.

[0004] Low processing efficiency: The existing system is inefficient in data processing. For example, when processing large-scale data, data blocking often causes delays or freezes in the interface, affecting the accuracy of the analysis results.

[0005] Insufficient cross-platform support: Some software is usually designed for a specific operating system, and porting to other platforms requires a lot of rewriting work. For example, MFC (Microsoft Foundation Class Library) is also a framework for developing graphical user interface applications. MFC is a class library developed by Microsoft for the Windows platform. It is not cross-platform and can only run on Windows systems. For users who need to run on Linux or other operating systems, there is a lack of direct support.

[0006] In summary, the existing technology has some shortcomings in the design of the digital vector signal analysis host computer system, and a new solution is urgently needed to improve the system's user experience, processing efficiency and algorithm support capabilities. Summary of the invention

[0007] Purpose of the invention: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a digital vector signal analysis method and a host computer system based on Qt in view of the deficiencies in the prior art, so as to solve the problems of unfriendly interface and low processing efficiency of the existing host computer.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A digital vector signal analysis method based on Qt, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Obtain the IP address of each device, and the host computer establishes a connection with each device based on the IP address;

[0011] Step 2: Design the user interface through the Qt framework to allow users to customize analysis parameters and view analysis results;

[0012] Step 3: Send the signal data in the device to the host computer through the communication interface. The host computer analyzes the received raw data to obtain spectrum data, raw I / Q data, constellation diagram and demodulated data;

[0013] Step 4: For the analyzed spectrum data, original I / Q data, constellation diagram and demodulated data, use the Qwt drawing control on the host computer software written in Qt for visualization.

[0014] Step 1 includes: using the network discovery protocol to automatically obtain the IP address of the device, using the socket to establish a connection with the device through the TCP / UDP protocol, or creating a client socket, specifying the target IP address and port number, calling the connection function for configuration, implementing the heartbeat mechanism to regularly check the connection status, and handling the reconnection logic.

[0015] Step 2 includes: when making the user interface, creating a new Qt project, using Qt Widgets to design the user interface, and using dynamic controls to allow users to customize analysis parameters, using Qt's signal and slot mechanism to achieve interaction between controls, connecting user input with data processing logic, and dynamically updating analysis results.

[0016] Step 3 includes:

[0017] Step 3-1: Use a distributed storage framework to uniformly manage the data of the devices connected to the host computer, perform fast Fourier transform on the original digital signals transmitted from each device to the host computer, and convert the original digital signals into the frequency domain. The formula is:

[0018] ,

[0019] in, is the frequency domain signal frequency components, is the time domain signal at The value of the sampling point, is the total number of sampling points of the signal, is the frequency index, , is an imaginary unit, , is the Fourier kernel;

[0020] Step 3-2, using a lightweight random forest model to estimate the signal-to-noise ratio of the original digital signal, and extracting I / Q data from the original digital signal through filtering, mixing, and phase decomposition operations;

[0021] Dataset construction: The signal-to-noise ratio value of the signal under the corresponding modulation format is used as a label, and digital signals with different signal-to-noise ratio values ​​are mapped into different constellation diagram data sets, from which constellation diagram features closely related to the signal-to-noise ratio are extracted.

[0022] Step 3-3, digitally demodulate the original digital signal, extract the original information from the received signal, classify the stored data of each device using a decision tree algorithm, and apply BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM, 32QAM digital signal demodulation algorithms to process according to the digital signal type;

[0023] In step 3-3, if the signal received by the receiver at time t is In the following form:

[0024] ,

[0025] Then, in-phase orthogonal demodulation is used to multiply the received signal with the locally generated in-phase carrier and orthogonal carrier respectively. For the in-phase component, the formula is:

[0026] ,

[0027] in and are the in-phase component and quadrature component of the received signal, respectively. is the carrier frequency, is the channel noise; The signal received by the host computer;

[0028] After expansion and simplification, the effective part is:

[0029] ,

[0030] in represents the in-phase component in the received signal, X1 represents the high-frequency component in the in-phase component, It represents the result after demodulation of the in-phase component;

[0031] For the orthogonal components, the formula is:

[0032] ,

[0033] After expansion and simplification, the effective part is:

[0034] ,

[0035] in represents the orthogonal component in the received signal, X2 represents the high-frequency component in the orthogonal component, Represents the result after demodulation of the orthogonal components;

[0036] Then, both I / Q signals are passed through a low-pass filter to remove the high-frequency components in the in-phase and quadrature components to obtain the baseband signals of the I and Q paths.

[0037] Step 4 includes: when drawing more than two images, using Qt's multithreading mechanism, creating and managing threads through the QThread class provided by Qt, each QThread object represents a separate execution thread, usually by inheriting QThread and rewriting the run() method to define the execution code of the thread, and QThread uses Qt's signal and slot mechanism to decompose the fast Fourier transform and demodulation algorithm into more than two subtasks, after the background thread completes data processing, the result is sent to the main thread through the signal and slot mechanism to update the user interface. Qt is an open source cross-platform interface development tool based on C++, which has been widely used in industrial control software and client software development. Qt is an object-oriented framework, using special code generation extensions and some macros, Qt is easy to expand, and allows real component programming. Qt has a powerful graphical interface development function, and data can be visualized using Qt and other components. The user interface designed by the Qt framework can not only provide an intuitive and friendly operating experience, but also achieve efficient data processing and flexible algorithm support. Qwt is a GUI component library that provides chart drawing in a scientific related context. It mainly provides some basic two-dimensional drawing components, such as function graphs, bar graphs, thermometers, wheel-style controls, and has functions such as zooming and moving. Qwt supports any system environment that Qt can support, and is compatible with Qt4 (version 4.4 and above) and Qt5 versions.

[0038] In step 4, the following four images are visualized:

[0039] Original IQ data graph: The original IQ data graph refers to the upper computer receiving the signal from the lower computer through the communication interface, extracting IQ data from the received signal, and then drawing the graph;

[0040] Spectrogram, a spectrogram is a graphical representation used to display the frequency components of a signal. It shows the amplitude or power of a signal at different frequencies, so that the frequency components in the signal can be identified and the spectral characteristics of the signal can be understood;

[0041] Constellation diagram, a constellation diagram provides an intuitive representation of the signal modulation characteristics and quality by displaying the discrete sampling points of the signal on the complex plane;

[0042] The demodulated IQ data graph refers to the IQ data obtained after the host computer demodulates the received signal and then draws the graph.

[0043] The present invention also provides a Qt-based digital vector signal analysis host computer system, including a host computer and a communication interface for data transmission with the host computer; the host computer is installed with a host computer analysis module written in Qt, which is used to perform signal frequency domain analysis and demodulation on the signal received by the host computer, and to visualize the analyzed spectrum data, original I / Q data, constellation diagram, and demodulated data. The host computer analysis module is implemented through Qt component programming and can run on Windows, Linux and macOS operating systems.

[0044] The host computer analysis module includes a signal processing module, a data visualization module and a user interaction module;

[0045] The signal processing module is used to analyze and process the received signal to obtain spectrum data, original I / Q data and demodulated data;

[0046] The data visualization module uses the Qwt drawing control in Qt to display the processed signal in a graphical form;

[0047] The user interaction module is used to provide a human-computer interface, allowing the user to customize analysis parameters and view analysis results.

[0048] The present invention also provides an electronic device, characterized in that it includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores program code, and when the program code is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the described method.

[0049] The present invention also provides a storage medium storing a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction is run on a computer, the steps of the method described are executed.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts Qt for host computer module framework design, provides an intuitive and friendly operation interface, allows users to customize analysis parameters and view analysis results, and applies Qt component programming to achieve cross-platform compatibility of the host computer system; adopts Qt multi-thread management mechanism to effectively improve data transmission efficiency; and supports a variety of signal analysis algorithms to meet different application requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flowchart for the Qt-based digital vector signal analysis host computer system design.

[0052] Figure 2 This is the system architecture diagram of the Qt-based digital vector signal analysis host computer of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the above and / or other advantages of the present invention will become more clear.

[0054] See also Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment 1 of the present invention, a digital vector signal analysis method based on Qt is provided, comprising:

[0055] Step 1: Get the IP address of each device (i.e. FPGA device, such as XCVU9P, XC7Z030), and the host computer establishes a connection with each device based on the IP address;

[0056] Use the network discovery protocol to automatically obtain the IP address of the device, use the socket to establish a connection with the device through the TCP / UDP protocol, or create a client socket, specify the target IP address and port number, call the connection function for manual configuration, implement the heartbeat mechanism to regularly check the connection status, and handle the reconnection logic;

[0057] Step 2: Design a friendly user interface through the Qt framework to allow users to customize analysis parameters and view analysis results;

[0058] When making the user interface, create a new Qt project, use Qt Widgets to design the user interface, and use dynamic controls to allow users to customize analysis parameters. Use Qt's signal and slot mechanism to realize the interaction between controls, connect user input with data processing logic, and dynamically update analysis results.

[0059] Step 3: Send the signal data in the device to the host computer through the communication interface. The host computer analyzes the received raw data to obtain spectrum data, raw I / Q data, constellation diagram and demodulated data; specifically including:

[0060] Step 3-1: Use a distributed storage framework to uniformly manage the data of the devices connected to the host computer, perform fast Fourier transform on the original digital signals transmitted from each device to the host computer, and convert the original digital signals into the frequency domain. The formula is:

[0061]

[0062] in, is the frequency domain signal frequency components, is the time domain signal at The value of the sampling point, is the total number of sampling points of the signal, is the frequency index, , is an imaginary unit, , is the Fourier kernel;

[0063] Step 3-2, using a lightweight random forest model to estimate the signal-to-noise ratio of the original digital signal, and extracting I / Q data from the original digital signal through filtering, mixing, and phase decomposition operations;

[0064] Step 3-3, digitally demodulate the original digital signal, and then extract the original information from the received signal. In this process, the decision tree algorithm is used to classify the stored data of each device, and BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM, 32QAM and other digital signal demodulation algorithms are used to perform targeted processing according to the digital signal type to meet different application requirements;

[0065] In step 3-3, if the signal received by the receiver at time t is In the following form:

[0066]

[0067] in and are the in-phase component and quadrature component of the received signal, respectively. is the carrier frequency, is the channel noise;

[0068] In-phase orthogonal demodulation is used to multiply the received signal with the locally generated in-phase carrier and quadrature carrier respectively. For the in-phase component, the formula is:

[0069]

[0070] The signal received by the host computer;

[0071] After expansion and simplification (using trigonometric identities to simplify high frequency components), the effective part is:

[0072]

[0073] in represents the in-phase component in the received signal, X1 represents the high-frequency component in the in-phase component, It represents the result after demodulation of the in-phase component;

[0074] For the orthogonal components, the formula is:

[0075]

[0076] After expansion and simplification (using trigonometric identities to simplify high frequency components), the effective part is:

[0077]

[0078] in represents the orthogonal component in the received signal, X2 represents the high-frequency component in the orthogonal component, Represents the result after demodulation of the orthogonal components;

[0079] Then, both I / Q signals are passed through a low-pass filter to remove the high-frequency components in the in-phase and quadrature components, thereby obtaining the baseband signals of the I and Q paths.

[0080] Test the demodulation algorithm of the host computer: Use GNU Radio Companion in Windows 11 system to build MPSK and MQAM modulation signal flow chart and send it through the LP0965 antenna at the Tx end of USRP N210. Then the signal is received by the LP0965 antenna at the Rx end of USRP N210, and the modulated signal at the receiving end is saved as a .bin file through the filesink module in GNU Radio Companion. Then process the received data file in the Qt host computer, read the IQ two-way data, send the data to the demodulation algorithm module, obtain the demodulated IQ data and draw the graph. Save the demodulated data, and then compare the original data and the demodulated data in matlab to calculate the bit error rate. The bit error rate of different signals after demodulation is shown in Table 1 (Bit error rate table of different signals after demodulation).

[0081] Table 1

[0082] In wireless communication systems, the bit error rate requirement for BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM, and 32QAM is usually within 10 -5 to 10 -6 , 10-4 to 10 -6 , 10 -3 to 10 -5 , 10 -4 to 10 -6 , 10 -3 to 10 -6 ,The above results show that the demodulation algorithm of the ,presentation has reached a relatively ideal level of bit error rate for ,these modulation modes in wireless communication environment.

[0083] Step 4: For the analyzed spectrum data, original I / Q data, constellation diagram and demodulated data, use Qwt drawing control on the host computer software written in Qt for visualization;

[0084] When drawing multiple images, Qt's multi-threading mechanism is adopted. The QThread class provided by Qt is used to create and manage threads. Each QThread object represents a separate execution thread. The execution code of the thread is usually defined by inheriting QThread and overriding the run() method. QThread uses Qt's signal and slot mechanism to decompose the fast Fourier transform and demodulation algorithm into more than two subtasks. After the background thread completes data processing, the result is sent to the main thread through the signal and slot mechanism to update the user interface.

[0085] The visualization in step 4 includes the following four images:

[0086] Original IQ data graph: The original IQ data graph refers to the upper computer receiving the signal from the lower computer through the communication interface, extracting IQ data from the received signal, and then drawing the graph;

[0087] Spectrogram: A spectrogram is a graphical representation of the frequency components of a signal. It shows the amplitude or power of a signal at different frequencies, so that the frequency components in the signal can be identified and the spectral characteristics of the signal can be understood.

[0088] Constellation diagram: A constellation diagram provides a visual representation of the modulation characteristics and quality of a signal by displaying the discrete sampling points of the signal on the complex plane.

[0089] Demodulated IQ data graph: The demodulated IQ data graph refers to the IQ data obtained after the host computer demodulates the received signal and then draws the graph.

[0090] See also Figure 2On the basis of Example 1, another embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a Qt-based digital vector signal analysis host computer system, including: a host computer, and a communication interface for data transmission with the host computer; the host computer is installed with a host computer analysis module written in Qt, which is used to perform signal frequency domain analysis and demodulation on the signal received by the host computer, and to visualize the analyzed spectrum data, original I / Q data, constellation diagram, and demodulated data. The host computer analysis module is implemented through Qt component programming and can run on Windows, Linux and macOS operating systems.

[0091] The host computer analysis module includes: a signal processing module, a data visualization module and a user interaction module; the signal processing module is used to analyze and process the received signal to obtain spectrum data, original I / Q data and demodulated data; the data visualization module is used to display the processed signal in a graphical form using the Qwt drawing control in Qt; the user interaction module is used to provide a friendly human-computer interface, allowing users to customize analysis parameters and view analysis results.

[0092] As can be seen from the above, the present invention adopts Qt to design the framework of the host computer analysis module, provides an intuitive and friendly operation interface, allows users to customize analysis parameters and view analysis results, and applies Qt component programming to achieve cross-platform compatibility of the host computer system; adopts Qt multi-threaded management mechanism to effectively improve data transmission efficiency; and supports a variety of signal analysis algorithms to meet different application requirements.

[0093] The present invention provides a digital vector signal analysis method and a host computer system based on Qt. There are many methods and ways to implement the technical solution. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. All components not specified in this embodiment can be implemented by existing technologies.

Claims

1. A digital vector signal analysis method based on Qt, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Obtain the IP address of each device, and the host computer establishes a connection with each device based on the IP address; Step 2: Design the user interface through the Qt framework to allow users to customize analysis parameters and view analysis results; Step 3: Send the signal data in the device to the host computer through the communication interface. The host computer analyzes the received raw data to obtain spectrum data, raw I / Q data, constellation diagram and demodulated data; Step 4: Use the Qwt drawing control to visualize the analyzed spectrum data, original I / Q data, constellation diagram, and demodulated data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 1 includes: using the network discovery protocol to automatically obtain the IP address of the device, using the socket to establish a connection with the device through the TCP / UDP protocol, or creating a client socket, specifying the target IP address and port number, calling the connection function for configuration, implementing the heartbeat mechanism to regularly check the connection status, and handling the reconnection logic.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Step 2 includes: when making the user interface, creating a new Qt project, using Qt Widgets to design the user interface, and using dynamic controls to allow users to customize analysis parameters, using Qt's signal and slot mechanism to achieve interaction between controls, connecting user input with data processing logic, and dynamically updating analysis results.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Step 3 includes: Step 3-1: Use a distributed storage framework to uniformly manage the data of the devices connected to the host computer, perform fast Fourier transform on the original digital signals transmitted from each device to the host computer, and convert the original digital signals into the frequency domain. The formula is: ， in, is the frequency domain signal frequency components, is the time domain signal at The value of the sampling point, is the total number of sampling points of the signal, is the frequency index, , is an imaginary unit, , is the Fourier kernel; Step 3-2, using a lightweight random forest model to estimate the signal-to-noise ratio of the original digital signal, and extracting I / Q data from the original digital signal through filtering, mixing, and phase decomposition operations; Step 3-3, digitally demodulate the original digital signal, extract the original information from the received signal, classify the stored data of each device using a decision tree algorithm, and apply BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM, 32QAM digital signal demodulation algorithms to process according to the digital signal type; In step 3-3, if the signal received by the receiver at time t is In the following form: ， Then, in-phase orthogonal demodulation is used to multiply the received signal with the locally generated in-phase carrier and orthogonal carrier respectively. For the in-phase component, the formula is: ， in and are the in-phase component and quadrature component of the received signal, respectively. is the carrier frequency, is the channel noise; The signal received by the host computer; After expansion and simplification, the effective part is: ， in represents the in-phase component in the received signal, X1 represents the high-frequency component in the in-phase component, It represents the result after demodulation of the in-phase component; For the orthogonal components, the formula is: ， After expansion and simplification, the effective part is: ， in represents the orthogonal component in the received signal, X2 represents the high-frequency component in the orthogonal component, Represents the result after demodulation of the orthogonal components; Then, both I / Q signals are passed through a low-pass filter to remove the high-frequency components in the in-phase and quadrature components to obtain the baseband signals of the I and Q paths.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Step 4 includes: when drawing more than two images, using Qt's multi-threading mechanism, creating and managing threads through the QThread class provided by Qt, each QThread object represents a separate execution thread, usually by inheriting QThread and overriding the run() method to define the thread's execution code, and QThread uses Qt's signal and slot mechanism to decompose the fast Fourier transform and demodulation algorithm into more than two subtasks. After the background thread completes data processing, the result is sent to the main thread through the signal and slot mechanism to update the user interface.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that In step 4, the following four images are visualized: Original IQ data graph: The original IQ data graph refers to the upper computer receiving the signal from the lower computer through the communication interface, extracting IQ data from the received signal, and then drawing the graph; Spectrogram, a spectrogram is a graphical representation used to display the frequency components of a signal. It shows the amplitude or power of a signal at different frequencies, so that the frequency components in the signal can be identified and the spectral characteristics of the signal can be understood; Constellation diagram, a constellation diagram provides an intuitive representation of the signal modulation characteristics and quality by displaying the discrete sampling points of the signal on the complex plane; The demodulated IQ data graph refers to the IQ data obtained after the host computer demodulates the received signal and then draws the graph.

7. A Qt-based digital vector signal analysis host computer system implemented by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes a host computer and a communication interface for data transmission with the host computer; the host computer is installed with a host computer analysis module written in Qt, which is used to perform signal frequency domain analysis and demodulation on the signal received by the host computer, and to visualize the analyzed spectrum data, original I / Q data, constellation diagram, and demodulated data. The host computer analysis module is implemented through Qt component programming and can run on Windows, Linux and macOS operating systems.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The host computer analysis module includes a signal processing module, a data visualization module and a user interaction module; The signal processing module is used to analyze and process the received signal to obtain spectrum data, original I / Q data and demodulated data; The data visualization module uses the Qwt drawing control in Qt to display the processed signal in a graphical form; The user interaction module is used to provide a human-computer interface, allowing the user to customize analysis parameters and view analysis results.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores program codes, and when the program codes are executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program or instruction is stored, and when the computer program or instruction is run on a computer, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are executed.

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