Field planting and pest control method for vietnamese sophora roots

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medicinal plant disease and pest control, in particular to a field planting and disease and pest control method for subprostrate sophora, which comprises the following steps: (1) land selection, land improvement before planting, land preparation and bedding; (2) putting seedlings into the holes; and (3) treating the vietnamese sophora root by using different medicaments and different proportions in the growth process of the vietnamese sophora root. The method is simple to operate and convenient to use, can effectively prevent and treat various diseases and insect pests of the vietnamese sophora roots, improves the fruit setting and medicinal component content of the vietnamese sophora roots, and lays a foundation for sustainable and healthy development of the vietnamese sophora roots.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medicinal plant pest control, and in particular to a sophora flavescens planting and pest control method. Background Art

[0002] Sophora tonkinensis is the dried root and rhizome of the leguminous plant Sophora tonkinensis. There are few wild resources of Sophora tonkinensis and its natural regeneration is slow. Its hollow stems result in a very low survival rate of cuttings, and the seedlings grown in tissue culture are weak and difficult to survive after transplantation. Large-scale production has also been impossible, so breeding basically relies on seeds. However, severe diseases and insect pests during the growth process and the easy shedding of its immature seeds result in low seed yields, making harvesting and germplasm preservation difficult, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of the Sophora tonkinensis industry.

[0003] At present, there are many patents on the cultivation method of Sophora flavescens, but few on the control of diseases and pests. Some patents mention the control of diseases and pests of Sophora flavescens, but they mainly disclose the cultivation method and fertilizer and water management, and disclose less about the control of diseases and pests. For example, the Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN110122232A discloses a cultivation method for improving the fruit setting rate and yield of Sophora flavescens seeds, which only specifically discloses the control of cotton bollworm and bean pod borer. Some patents, due to the early application time, use highly toxic pesticides in the disclosed control of diseases and pests, which is not conducive to the sustainable and healthy development of Sophora flavescens. For example, the Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN103329727A discloses a cultivation method of Sophora flavescens, in which highly toxic pesticides such as dichlorvos and trichlorfon are used to control the diseases and pests of Sophora flavescens.

[0004] In summary, the existing technical methods cannot effectively prevent and control various diseases and pests of Sophora flavescens, and the fruit setting and medicinal ingredient content of Sophora flavescens need to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for planting Sophora tonkinensis and controlling diseases and insect pests.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] Provided is a method for planting and controlling diseases and insect pests of Sophora flavescens, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Selection of land, improvement of land before planting, land preparation and bed formation;

[0009] (2) placing the seedlings into the holes;

[0010] (3) Different agents and different proportions were used to treat the root of Sophora flavescens during its growth;

[0011] The control methods for the main pests of Sophora flavescens during the flowering period and early fruit setting period, such as stem borers, pod borers, red spider mites, scale insects and aphids, are as follows:

[0012] In the early flowering period, stem borers, scale insects and aphids are mainly controlled. Use 25 ml each of etoxazole, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, high-efficiency chlorflucythrinate and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, add water to 20L and mix evenly. Spray buds, flowers and young shoots before 10 a.m. or after 5 p.m. If it is a sunny day with high temperature, it should be sprayed before 9 a.m. or after 6 p.m. Control once every 15 days or so, and continue 2 to 3 times;

[0013] In the early stage of fruit setting, the main control measures are pod borers and aphids. Use 25 ml each of imidacloprid, high-efficiency chlorflucythrinate, and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, add water to 20L and stir evenly, and concentrate on spraying flowers, fruits, and leaves before 10 am or after 5 pm. If it is a sunny day with high temperature, it should be done before 9 am or after 6 pm. Control once every 15 days or so, and repeat 2 to 3 times.

[0014] Furthermore, the method of step (1) is specifically as follows:

[0015] Choose sandy limestone loam with deep soil layer, loose texture and good drainage; the slope should be 5-25 degrees. One month before planting, evenly spread 80-100kg / mu of quicklime powder. If the soil is acidic, increase the amount appropriately. Then deep plowing and sun-drying should be carried out. After 15-20 days, the soil should be plowed and harrowed, and the land should be prepared to make ridges. The ridge width should be 80-120cm, the ridge height should be 20-25cm, the plant spacing should be 40cm, the row spacing should be 40cm, the hole length should be 20cm, the width should be 15cm, and the depth should be 15cm. Apply 1kg-1.5kg of a mixture of decomposed farmyard manure and wood ash to each hole, and mix the fertilizer and soil evenly.

[0016] Furthermore, the method of step (2) is specifically as follows:

[0017] Place one healthy seedling in each hole. Allow its roots to spread out naturally. Cover the soil over the rhizomes, compact the soil slightly, and water it enough to establish roots.

[0018] Furthermore, in step (3), the method for preventing and controlling root rot and white rot during the growth of Sophora flavescens is:

[0019] Root rot: The pathogen mainly attacks the roots, causing root rot and wilting of branches and leaves. The disease occurs throughout the year, with the highest incidence in summer and autumn. In the early stage of the disease, 700 times of chlorothalonil diluted with water should be used to irrigate the roots. The time for irrigating the roots is generally chosen before 10 am or after 5 pm on a sunny day. Prevention and control should be carried out once every 10 days, and the roots should be irrigated 2 to 3 times in a row.

[0020] White rot, the pathogen mainly attacks the junction of the stem and causes rot; the disease is prone to occur in high temperature and high humidity seasons; in the early stage of the disease, the roots should be irrigated with 800 times the amount of carbendazim diluted with water. The time for irrigating the roots is generally chosen before 10 am or after 5 pm on a sunny day. Prevention and control should be carried out once every 10 days or so, and the roots should be irrigated 2 to 3 times in a row.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The invention can effectively prevent and control various diseases and insect pests of the Sophora flavescens and improve the fruit setting and medicinal component content of the Sophora flavescens by selecting land during the planting process of the Sophora flavescens, improving the land before planting, preparing the land and making ridges, placing seedlings in holes, and treating with different agents and different proportions during the growth process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The HPLC chromatogram of the mixed reference solution in the embodiment; wherein A: matrine; B: sophocarpine; C: oxidized sophocarpine; D: oxidized matrine;

[0024] Figure 2 The HPLC chromatogram of the four main alkaloids of the root sample of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis in the embodiment; wherein, A: matrine; B: sophocarpine; C: oxidized sophocarpine; D: oxidized matrine;

[0025] Figure 3 The HPLC chromatogram of the four main alkaloids of the root, stem and leaf samples of Sophora flavescens in the embodiment; A: matrine; B: sophocarpine; C: oxidized sophocarpine; D: oxidized matrine;

[0026] Figure 4 The fingerprints of 7 samples of Sophora flavescens roots collected in November in the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 5 These are the fruit setting effect diagrams of the Sophora flavescens with and without medication in the examples; A: the fruit setting effect of the Sophora flavescens without taking any pest and disease control measures; B: the fruit setting effect of the Sophora flavescens after adopting this method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0029] Example

[0030] This embodiment was carried out at the Mujia Base of Qianxinan Prefecture Agricultural and Forestry Science Research Institute, Mujia Sub-district Office, Xingyi City, Guizhou Province, with an altitude of 1,300 meters.

[0031] (1) Land selection, land improvement, land preparation and ridge making before planting; choose sandy limestone loam with deep soil layer, loose texture and good drainage. The slope is more suitable between 5 and 25 degrees. One month before planting, evenly spread 80 to 100 kg / mu of quicklime powder. If the soil is acidic, increase the amount appropriately. Then deep plowing and sun drying are carried out. After 15 to 20 days, the soil is plowed and raked finely, and the land is prepared and ridges are made. The ridge width is 80 to 120 cm, the ridge height is 20 to 25 cm, the plant spacing is 40 cm, the row spacing is 40 cm, the hole length is 20 cm, the width is 15 cm, and the depth is 15 cm. Apply 1 kg to 1.5 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and wood ash mixed fertilizer to each hole, and mix the fertilizer and soil evenly.

[0032] (2) How to place the seedlings in the holes: Place one healthy seedling in each hole. Allow its roots to spread out naturally. Cover the hole with soil that covers the rhizomes. Slightly compact the soil and water it thoroughly to ensure that the roots are firmly established.

[0033] (3) Treating with different agents and different proportions during the growth process;

[0034] The prevention and control methods for root rot and white rot during the growth of Sophora flavescens are:

[0035] Root rot, the pathogen mainly attacks the roots, causing root rot and wilting of branches and leaves. The disease occurs throughout the year, with the highest incidence in summer and autumn. In the early stage of the disease, use 700 times of chlorothalonil diluted with water to irrigate the roots. The time for irrigating the roots is generally chosen before 10 am or after 5 pm on a sunny day. Prevention and control should be carried out once every 10 days, and the roots should be irrigated 2 to 3 times in a row.

[0036] White rot, the pathogen mainly attacks the stem-stem junction, causing rot. The disease is prone to occur in high temperature and high humidity seasons. In the early stage of the disease, irrigate the roots with 800 times the amount of carbendazim diluted with water. The time for irrigating the roots is generally chosen before 10 am or after 5 pm on a sunny day. Prevent and control once every 10 days, and irrigate the roots 2 to 3 times in a row.

[0037] The control methods for the main pests of Sophora flavescens during the flowering period and early fruit setting period, such as stem borers, pod borers, red spider mites, scale insects and aphids, are as follows:

[0038] In the early stage of flowering, the main control measures are stem borers, scale insects and aphids. Use 25 ml each of etoxazole, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, high-efficiency chlorflucythrinate and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, add water to 20L and stir evenly, and concentrate on spraying buds, flowers and young shoots before 10 am or after 5 pm. If it is a sunny day with high temperature, it should be done before 9 am or after 6 pm. Control once every 15 days or so, and repeat 2 to 3 times.

[0039] In the early stage of fruit setting, the main control measures are pod borers and aphids. Use 25 ml each of imidacloprid, high-efficiency chlorflucythrinate, and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, add water to 20L and stir evenly, and concentrate on spraying flowers, fruits, and leaves before 10 am or after 5 pm. If it is a sunny day with high temperature, it should be done before 9 am or after 6 pm. Control once every 15 days or so, and repeat 2 to 3 times.

[0040] Determination of the content of main alkaloids in the stems, leaves and roots of Sophora flavescens before and after medication;

[0041] Instrument materials: SIL-20A high performance liquid chromatograph (Shimadzu Corporation, Japan); JA2003 electronic balance (Shanghai Sunny Hengping Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.); AUW220D fully automatic electronic balance (Suzhou Shimadzu Instrument Co., Ltd.); UltrasonicCleaner ultrasonic cleaning machine; SHZ-D (III) circulating water vacuum pump (Gongyi Yuhua Instrument Co., Ltd.); SY-2000 rotary evaporator (Shanghai Yarong Biochemical Instrument Factory).

[0042] Matrine reference substance (batch number: SM8130, purity ≥ 98%, Beijing Solebao Technology Co., Ltd.), oxymatrine reference substance (batch number: SO8140, purity ≥ 98%, Beijing Solebao Technology Co., Ltd.), sophocarpine reference substance (batch number: SS8640, purity ≥ 98%, Beijing Solebao Technology Co., Ltd.), oxysophocarpine reference substance (batch number: SO8170, purity ≥ 98%, Beijing Solebao Technology Co., Ltd.), chloroform was of analytical grade (Shanghai Shenbo Chemical Co., Ltd.), methanol was of chromatographic grade (Tianjin Komiou Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.), ammonia water was of analytical grade (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.), phosphoric acid was of analytical grade (Tianjin Komiou Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.), acetonitrile was of chromatographic grade (Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.), and water was Wahaha purified water.

[0043] All experimental medicinal materials, Sophora flavescens, were collected and accurately identified in Xingyi, Guizhou. The first batch of medicinal materials was collected on April 1, and the second batch of medicinal materials was collected on November 1. After the fresh samples were collected, they were washed with water, dried at low temperature at 45°C, crushed and sieved with a 40-mesh sieve, and placed in a dryer for later use.

[0044] Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test:

[0045] The chromatographic column was Diamonsil 5μm C18(2).250×4.6mm; the mobile phase was acetonitrile (A)-0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution (B) for gradient elution, and the gradient elution program was: 0-25min, 4%-50% A; 25-35min, 50%-90% A; 35-45min, 90%-50% A; 45-50min, 50%-4% A; 50-60min, 4% A; the column temperature was 30°C, the detection wavelength was 210nm; the flow rate was 1.0mL·min -1 ; The injection volume is 5 μL. The theoretical plate number calculated based on the oxymatrine peak should be no less than 4000.

[0046] Preparation of reference solution:

[0047] Accurately weigh 5 mg each of matrine reference substance, oxymatrine reference substance, sophoracarpine reference substance, and oxysophorcarpine reference substance, and add 5 ml of methanol to dissolve them respectively to obtain 1 mg / mL reference substance stock solution.

[0048] Preparation of test solution:

[0049] Take about 1g of dried powder of Sophora flavescens, weigh it accurately, put it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 50ml of chloroform-methanol-concentrated ammonia test solution (40:10:1), stopper it tightly, weigh it, ultrasonically treat it (power 250W, frequency 40kHz) for 30 minutes, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with chloroform-methanol-concentrated ammonia test solution (40:10:1), shake it well, filter it, accurately measure 20ml of the filtrate, recover the solvent under reduced pressure to dryness, add an appropriate amount of methanol to the residue to dissolve it, transfer it to a 10ml volumetric flask, make up to the mark, shake it well, filter it with a 0.45μm microporous filter membrane, and the test solution is obtained. Samples 1 to 7 are set for the roots and stems and leaves of Sophora flavescens.

[0050] Specificity test:

[0051] Accurately pipette 5 μL of Sophora flavescens reference solution and test solution, inject into HPLC, measure, and record the chromatogram ( Figure 1-3 ), the results showed that the elution time and retention time of matrine, sophocarpine, oxysophocarpine and oxymatrine in the reference and test samples were consistent, the chromatographic peak separation effect of the four alkaloids was good, and other components in the sample had little interference with the determination, indicating that the method was specific.

[0052] Linear relationship test:

[0053] Accurately measure different volumes of reference solution and prepare them into concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1 mg·mL -1A series of reference solutions were injected and measured according to the chromatographic conditions, with the concentration of the reference as the horizontal coordinate and the peak area as the vertical coordinate, and regression processing was performed to obtain the regression equation of matrine: Y = 7538672X-9059, r = 0.9996; the regression equation of sophocarpine is: Y = 9205329X-25071, r = 0.9999; the regression equation of oxidized sophocarpine is: Y = 11883217X-105643, r = 0.9997; the regression equation of oxidized matrine is: Y = 6319950X-5735, r = 0.9999. The four alkaloids have a good linear relationship in the range of 10-1000 mg / L.

[0054] Precision test:

[0055] 5 μL of the test solution of Sophora flavescens No. 1 root was accurately drawn and sampled 6 times continuously to measure the peak areas. The RSDs (relative standard deviations) of matrine, sophocarpine, oxysophocarpine and oxymatrine were 0.32%, 0.55%, 0.32% and 0.44% respectively, indicating that the instrument has good precision.

[0056] Stability test:

[0057] The test solution of Sophora flavescens root No. 1 was accurately aspirated and injected at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 hours, and the peak areas were determined respectively. The RSDs (relative standard deviations) of matrine, sophocarpine, oxysophocarpine, and oxymatrine were 1.74%, 0.38%, 0.87%, and 0.90%, respectively, indicating that the test solution had good stability within 12 hours.

[0058] Repeatability test:

[0059] Six samples of stem and leaf medicinal materials of Sophora flavescens No. 7 were taken to prepare the test solution for content determination. The RSDs of matrine, sophocarpine, oxysophocarpine and oxymatrine were 0.84%, 1.25%, 0.90% and 1.49%, respectively, indicating that the test had good repeatability.

[0060] Sample recovery test:

[0061] Nine samples of stem and leaf medicinal materials of Sophora flavescens No. 7 were taken, each of which was about 0.5g, and accurately weighed. Matrine reference substance, sophocarpine reference substance, oxidized sophocarpine reference substance and oxidized matrine reference substance were added at 80%, 100% and 120% of their mass fractions to prepare the test solution. The sample was injected and determined according to the chromatographic conditions, and the average recovery rate and RSD of the four components were calculated. The average recovery rates of matrine, sophocarpine, oxidized sophocarpine and oxidized matrine were 99.40%, 99.32%, 99.50% and 99.99% respectively, and the RSDs were all less than 3.0%, indicating that the accuracy of the method was high.

[0062] Sample content determination:

[0063] As shown in Tables 1 to 5, there are differences in the content of alkaloids in the active ingredients of the stems, leaves and roots of Sophora flavescens before and after pesticide spraying and in different periods. After spraying, the content of matrine, oxymatrine and sophoracarpine in the roots increased by 87.92%, 44.20% and 32.56%, respectively, and the content of matrine, oxymatrine, sophoracarpine and oxymatrine in the stems and leaves increased by 26.19%, 52.12%, 14.80% and 6.86%, respectively. The total amount of matrine and oxymatrine in the roots after spraying is 1.22%, which is much greater than the provisions of the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (the total amount of matrine and oxymatrine in Sophora flavescens medicinal materials shall not be less than 0.70%). In addition, the alkaloid content of the stems and leaves of non-traditional medicinal parts was measured. The results showed that the content of matrine and sophora japonica was greater than that of the traditional medicinal part roots, indicating that non-traditional medicinal parts also have great development and utilization value, and the optimal harvesting period for the stems and leaves of non-traditional medicinal parts should be harvesting in November after pest and disease control according to this method.

[0064] In addition, through the development of this experiment, it was found that the matrine content in samples 3 and 5 was 3.2686 mg / g and 3.0024 mg / g respectively when harvested in November, which was much higher than the range of 0.1-0.7 mg / g reported in the literature. After repeated determination and fingerprint spectrum ( Figure 4 ) were compared and it was determined that matrine was indeed present in high content in samples 3 and 5 (S3 and S5). Analysis showed that this might be caused by mutation of Sophora flavescens. This result can lay a foundation for the next step of breeding new Sophora flavescens varieties.

[0065] Table 1 Contents of main alkaloids in the roots of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis before medication

[0066]

[0067] Table 2 Main alkaloid contents in stems and leaves of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis before medication

[0068]

[0069] Table 3 Main alkaloid contents in the roots of Sophora flavescens after medication

[0070]

[0071] Table 4 Main alkaloid contents in stems and leaves of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis after medication

[0072]

[0073] Table 5 Average contents of main alkaloids in roots, stems and leaves of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis before and after medication

[0074]

[0075] The invention describes in detail the prevention and control of specific diseases and insect pests during the growth period, flowering period and fruit setting period of Sophora flavescens. The formula is scientific and reasonable, and all of them are high-efficiency and low-toxic pesticides. According to the growth characteristics of Sophora flavescens, prevention and control are carried out in different parts and time periods. And compared with before medication, it is found that the fruit setting of Sophora flavescens is significantly improved after medication ( Figure 5 ), in addition, the contents of main alkaloids including matrine, oxymatrine, sophocarpine and oxysophocarpine in the stems, leaves and roots of Sophora flavescens were determined by sampling before and after the use of the medicine. The results showed that the use of the medicine not only improved the fruit setting of Sophora flavescens, but also did not affect the accumulation of alkaloid content in the roots of Sophora flavescens. On the contrary, compared with before the use of the medicine, matrine, oxymatrine and sophocarpine increased by 87.92%, 44.20% and 32.56%, respectively. The present invention is not only simple to operate and easy to use, but also can effectively prevent and control various diseases and insect pests of Sophora flavescens, and improve the fruit setting and medicinal ingredient content of Sophora flavescens, laying a foundation for the sustainable and healthy development of Sophora flavescens.

[0076] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

[0077] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for planting and controlling diseases and insect pests of Sophora flavescens, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Selection of land, improvement of land before planting, land preparation and bed formation; (2) placing the seedlings into the holes; (3) Different agents and different proportions were used to treat the root of Sophora flavescens during its growth; The control methods for the main pests of Sophora flavescens during the flowering period and early fruit setting period, such as stem borers, pod borers, red spider mites, scale insects and aphids, are as follows: In the early flowering period, stem borers, scale insects and aphids are mainly controlled. Use 25 ml each of etoxazole, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, high-efficiency chlorflucythrinate and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, add water to 20L and mix evenly. Spray buds, flowers and young shoots before 10 a.m. or after 5 p.m. If it is a sunny day with high temperature, it should be sprayed before 9 a.m. or after 6 p.m. Control once every 15 days or so, and continue 2 to 3 times; In the early stage of fruit setting, the main control measures are pod borers and aphids. Use 25 ml each of imidacloprid, high-efficiency chlorflucythrinate, and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, add water to 20L and stir evenly, and concentrate on spraying flowers, fruits, and leaves before 10 am or after 5 pm. If it is a sunny day with high temperature, it should be done before 9 am or after 6 pm. Control once every 15 days or so, and repeat 2 to 3 times.

2. The method for planting and controlling diseases and insect pests of Sophora flavescens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of step (1) is specifically as follows: Choose sandy limestone loam with deep soil layer, loose texture and good drainage; the slope should be 5-25 degrees. One month before planting, evenly spread 80-100kg / mu of quicklime powder. If the soil is acidic, increase the amount appropriately. Then deep plowing and sun-drying should be carried out. After 15-20 days, the soil should be plowed and harrowed, and the land should be prepared to make ridges. The ridge width should be 80-120cm, the ridge height should be 20-25cm, the plant spacing should be 40cm, the row spacing should be 40cm, the hole length should be 20cm, the width should be 15cm, and the depth should be 15cm. Apply 1kg-1.5kg of a mixture of decomposed farmyard manure and wood ash to each hole, and mix the fertilizer and soil evenly.

3. The method for planting and controlling diseases and insect pests of Sophora flavescens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of step (2) is specifically as follows: Place one healthy seedling in each hole. Allow its roots to spread out naturally. Cover the soil over the rhizomes, compact the soil slightly, and water it enough to establish roots.

4. The method for planting and controlling diseases and insect pests of Sophora flavescens according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the method for preventing and controlling root rot and white rot during the growth of Sophora flavescens is: Root rot: The pathogen mainly attacks the roots, causing root rot and wilting of branches and leaves. The disease occurs throughout the year, with the highest incidence in summer and autumn. In the early stage of the disease, 700 times of chlorothalonil diluted with water should be used to irrigate the roots. The time for irrigating the roots is generally chosen before 10 am or after 5 pm on a sunny day. Prevention and control should be carried out once every 10 days, and the roots should be irrigated 2 to 3 times in a row. White rot, the pathogen mainly attacks the junction of the stem and causes rot; the disease is prone to occur in high temperature and high humidity seasons; in the early stage of the disease, the roots should be irrigated with 800 times the amount of carbendazim diluted with water. The time for irrigating the roots is generally chosen before 10 am or after 5 pm on a sunny day. Prevention and control should be carried out once every 10 days or so, and the roots should be irrigated 2 to 3 times in a row.

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