Anchor gear with auxiliary braking function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of marine equipment, and discloses an anchor gear with auxiliary braking, which comprises a winch for driving a ship anchor to move, the winch is in transmission connection with a counter-torque turntable through a rotating shaft, the counter-torque turntable is provided with a ring groove forming a regular polygon closed loop, each corner of the ring groove is communicated with a radial counter-torque groove, and the counter-torque groove is provided with an auxiliary braking device. The counter-torque rotating disc is movably connected with a sliding block through the annular groove and the counter-torque groove. According to the anchor gear with the auxiliary braking function, part of gravity of the anchor chain is counteracted through the weight of the gravity block, the torque of the winch is made to be within a small range, control over the rotating speed of the winch can be achieved only through small friction force, then the adjusting ring is automatically adjusted according to the number of rotating turns of the rotating shaft, the torque of the sliding block is adjusted, and the auxiliary braking function is achieved. The added value of the anchor chain and the added value of the underwater anchor chain are synchronously changed, the variable quantity of torque is reduced, rotation of a winch is easier to control, the anchoring speed is more stable, and abrasion of an anchor gear is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine equipment, in particular to an anchor windlass with auxiliary braking. Background Art

[0002] Whenever a ship encounters strong winds and finds it difficult to dock, its safety depends entirely on the anchor. The anchor has a large mass, so it is necessary to control the speed of the anchor winch when dropping anchor. The winch brakes or controls the speed through the friction of the brake pads.

[0003] During the braking process, especially when the anchor speed is too fast and the speed is reduced, the anchor chain has a large inertia, which will drive the brake disc to rotate rapidly, causing friction between the brake pad and the brake disc, generating a large amount of heat. On the one hand, this reduces the braking efficiency and makes it easy to lose control. On the other hand, the brake pad will wear out quickly and need to be replaced frequently.

[0004] As more and more anchor chain is put into the water, the tension of the anchor chain on the anchor windlass increases, and the pressure demand for braking also gradually increases. Therefore, experienced operators are required to continuously adjust the braking force to control the speed of anchoring. On the one hand, the control is difficult, and on the other hand, during the anchoring process, the speed is unstable, which will increase the wear of the anchor windlass. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a technical solution of an anchor machine with auxiliary braking, which uses the weight of the gravity block to offset part of the gravity of the anchor chain, so that the torque of the winch is within a smaller range. Only a small friction force is required to control the speed of the winch. At the same time, the adjustment ring is automatically adjusted according to the number of rotations of the rotating shaft, and then the torque of the slider is adjusted to change synchronously with the increase in the underwater anchor chain, thereby reducing the change in torque and making the rotation of the winch easier to control, thereby solving the problems raised by the background technology.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: an anchor windlass with auxiliary braking, comprising a winch for driving the anchor to move, the winch being connected to an anti-torque turntable through a rotating shaft transmission, the anti-torque turntable being provided with an annular groove forming a regular polygonal closed loop, each corner of the annular groove being connected to a radial anti-torque groove, the anti-torque turntable being movably connected to a slider through the annular groove and the anti-torque groove, the slider being connected to a gravity block through an iron chain, the bottom of the gravity block being connected to a buffer pad, and the buffer pad being located on a side away from the anchor.

[0007] Preferably, a portion of the rotating shaft between the winch and the anti-torque rotating disc is provided with a one-way bearing, so that the anti-torque rotating disc rotates with the winch only when anchoring.

[0008] Preferably, two sets of anti-torque turntables are provided on each side of the winch, and brackets are provided on the outer sides of the two sets of anti-torque turntables, and the bottom of the sliding block is closely attached to the bottom of the annular groove or the anti-torque groove.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating shaft is movably connected with an adjustment ring, a wedge-shaped limit groove is provided on the adjustment ring at a position corresponding to the anti-torque groove, and the inclined surface is provided on the side having the same rotation direction, and a driving structure for driving the adjustment ring to rotate relative to the anti-torque turntable is provided on the rotating shaft, and the connecting rod connected to the slider passes through the limit groove.

[0010] Preferably, the driving structure includes a wedge block and a telescopic rod, and the wedge block and the telescopic rod are respectively arranged on the adjustment ring and the rotating shaft, the connecting cavity is connected to the hydraulic source through a connecting cavity arranged on the axis of the rotating shaft, and the inclined surface of the wedge block is provided with a side opposite to the rotation direction.

[0011] Preferably, the hydraulic source includes a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod arranged in the rotating shaft and a driving sleeve fixedly connected to the bracket, the driving sleeve is threadedly connected to the piston rod, the hydraulic cylinder is filled with hydraulic oil, and is connected to the telescopic rod through a connecting chamber to drive the adjusting ring to rotate, so that the torque change of the slider corresponds to the weight change of the anchor chain.

[0012] Preferably, the driving sleeve is connected to the bracket via a limiting rod, and the bracket is provided with a corresponding slot hole.

[0013] Preferably, the buffer pad includes a truncated cone-shaped pressure chamber in the middle and reflux chambers located around it, a throttle valve and a one-way valve are provided between the pressure chamber and the reflux chamber, the pressure chamber is filled with liquid, and a spring is provided between the bottom of the pressure chamber and the bottom of the gravity block.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The anchor winch with auxiliary brake uses the weight of the gravity block to offset part of the gravity of the anchor chain, so that the torque of the winch is within a smaller range. Only a smaller friction force is needed to control the speed of the winch. On the one hand, the control ability of the winch speed is improved, and on the other hand, the wear of the brake pads is reduced and the replacement frequency is reduced.

[0015] 2. The adjusting ring of the anchor winch with auxiliary brake is automatically adjusted according to the number of rotations of the rotating shaft, thereby adjusting the torque of the slider to synchronize the increase in the underwater anchor chain, reduce the change in torque, make the rotation of the winch easier to control, and make the anchoring speed more stable, further reducing the wear of the anchor winch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single anti-torque turntable in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the anti-torque turntable in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the adjustment ring in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the middle part of the knot adjustment ring of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic source in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer pad in the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. winch; 2. rotating shaft; 3. anti-torque turntable; 4. ring groove; 5. anti-torque groove; 6. sliding block; 7. gravity block; 8. buffer pad; 81. pressure chamber; 82. reflux chamber; 83. throttle valve; 84. one-way valve; 9. adjusting ring; 10. limit groove; 11. wedge block; 12. telescopic rod; 13. connecting chamber; 14. hydraulic cylinder; 15. piston rod; 16. driving sleeve; 17. limit rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1 , a windlass with auxiliary brake, comprising a winch 1 for driving the anchor to move, Figure 1 The driving structure and the braking structure are omitted. The winch 1 is connected to the anti-torque turntable 3 through the rotating shaft 2. Support frames are set at both ends of the winch 1. The rotating shaft 2 passes through the supporting frame and is connected to the anti-torque turntable 3. Please refer to Figure 2The anti-torque turntable 3 is provided with an annular groove 4 forming a regular polygonal closed loop. The annular groove 4 is preferably a triangle or a quadrilateral. In this embodiment, the annular groove 4 is a square. Each corner of the annular groove 4 is connected to a radial anti-torque groove 5. The anti-torque groove 5 takes the four corners of the annular groove 4 as starting points. The anti-torque turntable 3 is movably connected with a slider 6 through the annular groove 4 and the anti-torque groove 5. The slider 6 is connected to a gravity block 7 through an iron chain. The bottom of the gravity block 7 is connected with a buffer pad 8. The buffer pad 8 is located on the side away from the anchor. When the winch 1 rotates, the anti-torque turntable 3 is driven to rotate. The plate 3 rotates. When the anti-torque turntable 3 rotates, the slider 6 is driven to rotate through the anti-torque groove 5 to lift the gravity block 7. The gravity of the gravity block 7 acts on the anti-torque turntable 3 and is transmitted to the winch 1 to balance the gravity of the anchor chain and reduce the burden on the braking structure. As the anti-torque turntable 3 continues to rotate, the gravity of the anti-torque turntable 3 overcomes the friction force, slides along the anti-torque groove 5 toward the axis, and slides into the next anti-torque groove 5 along the annular groove 4. In this process, the kinetic energy of the anchor chain is converted into the kinetic energy of the gravity block 7, and the kinetic energy is consumed through impact.

[0020] The portion of the rotating shaft 2 between the winch 1 and the anti-torque turntable 3 is provided with a one-way bearing, so that the anti-torque turntable 3 rotates with the winch 1 only when anchoring, and does not rotate when anchoring.

[0021] See also Figure 3 Two sets of anti-torque turntables 3 are provided on each side of the winch 1, and brackets are provided on the outer sides of the two sets of anti-torque turntables 3. The sliders 6 on the two sets of anti-torque turntables 3 are connected together by connecting rods. In order to prevent the sliders 6 from tilting, the bottom of the sliders 6 is close to the bottom of the annular groove 4 or the anti-torque groove 5.

[0022] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 , Figure 1 The adjusting ring 9 on the other side is omitted, and the rotating shaft 2 is movably connected with the adjusting ring 9. A wedge-shaped limiting groove 10 is provided on the adjusting ring 9 at a position corresponding to the anti-torque groove 5, and the inclined surface is provided on the side having the same rotation direction. A driving structure for driving the adjusting ring 9 to rotate relative to the anti-torque turntable 3 is provided on the rotating shaft 2. The connecting rod connected to the slider 6 passes through the limiting groove 10. The inclined surface of the limiting groove 10 limits the maximum movement of the slider 6. When the anti-torque turntable 3 is adjusted, the contact position between the inclined surface and the connecting rod changes, and the slider 6 moves outward, thereby lengthening the moment side of the gravity of the gravity block 7 and increasing the effect of gravity.

[0023] See also Figure 5The driving structure includes a wedge block 11 and a telescopic rod 12. The wedge block 11 and the telescopic rod 12 are respectively arranged on the adjustment ring 9 and the rotating shaft 2. In this embodiment, the wedge block 11 is arranged in the middle of the adjusting ring 9, and the two sides of the adjusting ring 9 are still close to the side walls of the rotating shaft 2. The telescopic rod 12 is arranged in the rotating shaft 2. The connecting cavity 13 is connected to the hydraulic source through the connecting cavity 13 arranged on the axis of the rotating shaft 2. The inclined surface of the wedge block 11 is provided with a side opposite to the rotation direction. The hydraulic drive telescopic rod 12 extends, and acts with the wedge block 11 to drive the adjusting ring 9 to rotate. At the same time, the rotating shaft 2 drives the adjusting ring 9 and the anti-torque turntable 3 to rotate synchronously through the action of the wedge block 11 and the telescopic rod 12.

[0024] See also Figure 6 , wherein the hydraulic source includes a cylinder 14 and a piston rod 15 arranged in the rotating shaft 2 and a driving sleeve 16 fixedly connected to the bracket, the driving sleeve 16 is threadedly connected to the piston rod 15, a limit block is provided at the port of the cylinder 14, and a corresponding limit groove is provided at the piston rod 15, so that the two rotate synchronously, but do not affect the lateral movement. When the piston rod 15 rotates with the anti-torque turntable 3, the piston rod 15 is driven to move laterally under the action of the thread, the cylinder 14 is filled with hydraulic oil, and is connected to the telescopic rod 12 through the connecting chamber 13 to drive the adjusting ring 9 to rotate, so that the torque change of the slider 6 corresponds to the weight change of the anchor chain, that is, the resistance of the slider 6 to the rotation of the winch 1 and the driving force of the anchor chain on the winch 1 maintain the same change.

[0025] Among them, the driving sleeve 16 is connected to the bracket through the limiting rod 17, and the bracket is provided with a corresponding slot. When the driving sleeve 16 is inserted into the slot through the limiting rod 17, the driving sleeve 16 cannot rotate. After the anchoring is completed, the driving sleeve 16 is pulled out to reset the piston rod 15 and the adjusting ring 9.

[0026] See also Figure 7 The buffer pad 8 includes a truncated cone-shaped pressure chamber 81 in the middle and a reflux chamber 82 around it. A throttle valve 83 and a one-way valve 84 are arranged between the pressure chamber 81 and the reflux chamber 82. The pressure chamber 81 is filled with liquid. A spring is arranged between the bottom of the pressure chamber 81 and the bottom of the gravity block 7. After the gravity block 7 falls to the ground, the pressure chamber 81 is directly squeezed. The liquid in the pressure chamber 81 is injected into the reflux chamber 82 from the throttle valve 83 under pressure. When the gravity block 7 is lifted, it flows back through the one-way valve 84 to consume the kinetic energy therein. The spring changes the direction of part of the force to reduce the pulling force at the moment of switching.

[0027] Working principle and workflow of the present invention: When dropping anchor, the winch 1 rotates to drive the anti-torque turntable 3 to rotate, and the anti-torque groove 5 lifts the gravity block 7 through the slider 6. When the anti-torque groove 5 rotates to the upper half, the angle is tilted downward to overcome the friction force. The slider 6 slides into the annular groove 4 along the anti-torque groove 5 and further slides into the next rear anti-torque groove 5. The gravity of the gravity block 7 is used to limit the speed of the winch 1. When the gravity block 7 falls to the ground, the kinetic energy is released through collision.

[0028] As the anchor chain is released, the length and weight of the anchor chain in the water increase, and the adjusting ring 9 rotates synchronously to gradually increase the torque of the slider 6, so that the combined force of the slider 6 and the anchor chain on the winch 1 is always within a small range, reducing the difficulty of controlling the rotation speed of the winch 1.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A windlass with auxiliary brake, comprising a winch (1) for driving the anchor, characterized in that: The winch (1) is connected to a counter-torque rotating disk (3) via a rotating shaft (2); the counter-torque rotating disk (3) is provided with an annular groove (4) forming a regular polygonal closed loop; each corner of the annular groove (4) is connected to a radial counter-torque groove (5); the counter-torque rotating disk (3) is movably connected to a slider (6) via the annular groove (4) and the counter-torque groove (5); the slider (6) is connected to a gravity block (7) via an iron chain; the bottom of the gravity block (7) is connected to a buffer pad (8); the buffer pad (8) is located on a side away from the anchor.

2. The anchor windlass with auxiliary brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way bearing is provided at the portion of the rotating shaft (2) located between the winch (1) and the anti-torque rotating disc (3), so that the anti-torque rotating disc (3) rotates along with the winch (1) only when anchoring.

3. The anchor windlass with auxiliary brake according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two sets of anti-torque turntables (3) are provided on each side of the winch (1), and brackets are provided on the outer sides of the two sets of anti-torque turntables (3). The bottom of the sliding block (6) is in close contact with the bottom of the annular groove (4) or the anti-torque groove (5).

4. The anchor windlass with auxiliary brake according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (2) is movably connected to an adjustment ring (9), a wedge-shaped limiting groove (10) is provided on the adjustment ring (9) at a position corresponding to the counter-torque groove (5), and the inclined surface is provided on the side having the same rotation direction, a driving structure for driving the adjustment ring (9) to rotate relative to the counter-torque rotating disk (3) is provided on the rotating shaft (2), and a connecting rod connected to the slider (6) passes through the limiting groove (10).

5. The anchor windlass with auxiliary brake according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving structure comprises a wedge block (11) and a telescopic rod (12), wherein the wedge block (11) and the telescopic rod (12) are respectively arranged on an adjustment ring (9) and a rotating shaft (2), the connecting cavity (13) is connected to a hydraulic source via the connecting cavity (13) arranged on the axis of the rotating shaft (2), and the inclined surface of the wedge block (11) is provided with a side facing opposite to the rotation direction.

6. The anchor windlass with auxiliary brake according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydraulic source comprises a hydraulic cylinder (14) and a piston rod (15) arranged in the rotating shaft (2), and a driving sleeve (16) fixedly connected to the bracket, wherein the driving sleeve (16) is threadedly connected to the piston rod (15), the hydraulic cylinder (14) is filled with hydraulic oil, and is connected to the telescopic rod (12) through the connecting cavity (13) to drive the adjusting ring (9) to rotate, so that the torque change of the slider (6) corresponds to the weight change of the anchor chain.

7. The anchor windlass with auxiliary brake according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving sleeve (16) is connected to the bracket via a limiting rod (17), and the bracket is provided with a corresponding slot hole.

8. The anchor windlass with auxiliary brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer pad (8) comprises a truncated cone-shaped pressure chamber (81) in the middle and reflux chambers (82) located on the periphery. A throttle valve (83) and a one-way valve (84) are provided between the pressure chamber (81) and the reflux chamber (82). The pressure chamber (81) is filled with liquid. A spring is provided between the bottom of the pressure chamber (81) and the bottom of the gravity block (7).

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