Biomass-based self-brittle strippable film detergent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a biomass-based self-brittle strippable film decontaminant and a preparation method thereof, and the self-brittle strippable film decontaminant is prepared by taking a biomass material, a decontaminating auxiliary agent, a magnetic auxiliary agent and a solvent as raw materials. When the decontaminant is used, the decontaminant is applied to the radioactive contamination surface in a brush coating, curtain coating, blade coating and spraying mode, and the decontaminating process is completed after the decontaminant is cured and dried. According to the biomass-based self-brittle strippable film detergent provided by the invention, magnetic recovery and biodegradation of a decontaminated film body can be realized, and the defects of vacuum recovery and incineration disposal of a traditional detergent are overcome. The detergent of the invention can also be used on horizontal or vertical surfaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of surface radioactive contamination removal, and specifically relates to a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent for surface radioactive contamination removal and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Nuclear leak accidents will produce a large amount of surface radioactive contamination, and most of the radioactive contamination has not been dealt with to date. In addition, during the operation of nuclear facilities, radioactive substances will be deposited on the surface. If these surface radioactive contaminations are not removed in time, they will pose a serious threat to people's health and environmental safety.

[0003] The self-brittle peelable film decontamination method refers to spraying or brushing the decontaminant onto the surface of the contaminated object. During the solidification process, the contaminants are fixed in the film through physical and chemical effects such as adhesion, embedding, adsorption and complexation, and the contaminants are removed from the surface as the film is peeled off. However, the existing research and development of self-brittle peelable film decontaminants has the following shortcomings: First, the film-forming material is mainly a polymer material, which relies on incineration or landfill during post-processing; second, the recovery method mainly relies on vacuum suction, and the contaminants are prone to secondary diffusion. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] The invention provides a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of recycling and post-treatment of the self-brittle peelable film detergent.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for preparing a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent, which comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Dissolving: dissolving the biomass material in a solvent under heating conditions to form a solution;

[0009] S2. Additive regulation: Add a decontamination agent and a magnetic agent into the solution, and heat the solution to obtain a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent.

[0010] Furthermore, the weight proportions of the raw materials are: 3 to 50 parts of biomass material; 100 parts of solvent; 0.1 to 3 parts of decontamination aid; and 1 to 20 parts of magnetic aid.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S1, the heating condition is 50-180°C.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S1, the biomass material is one or more of lignin, chitosan, cellulose, starch, carrageenan and derivatives of the above substances.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S1, the solvent is one or more of ethyl acetate, ethanol, hydrofluoroether, and water.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, the decontamination aid is one or more of hydroxyapatite, activated carbon, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Prussian blue, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes and derivatives of the above substances.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the magnetic auxiliary agent is one or more of ferroferric oxide, cobalt trioxide, and nickel oxide.

[0016] In addition, the present invention also provides a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent, which is prepared by the above method.

[0017] In addition, the present invention also proposes a method for using the above-mentioned biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent, which is: applying the detergent to the radioactive contaminated surface, and after the detergent is solidified and dried to form a film, recovering the film body by vacuum suction or magnetic force.

[0018] Furthermore, the material of the radioactively contaminated surface is stainless steel, glass, paint plate, marble, tile, plastic or cement.

[0019] (III) Beneficial effects

[0020] The present invention provides a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent and a preparation method thereof. The self-brittle peelable film detergent is prepared using biomass materials, a decontamination aid, a magnetic aid, and a solvent as raw materials. When using the detergent of the present invention, the detergent is applied to the radioactive contaminated surface by brushing, casting, scraping, or spraying, and the decontamination process is completed after solidification and drying. The biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent provided by the present invention can achieve magnetic recovery and biodegradation of the film body after decontamination, solving the shortcomings of vacuum recovery and incineration disposal of traditional detergents. The detergent of the present invention can also be used on horizontal or vertical surfaces. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, content and advantages of the present invention more clear, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent, comprising the following steps:

[0024] (1) In a three-necked flask equipped with a stirring and reflux device, add 4 g of calcium lignin sulfonate and 16 g of water, and stir at 400 rpm and 110° C. for 12 h to form a solution;

[0025] (2) Add 0.2 g of activated carbon to the solution and react at 60 °C for 12 h;

[0026] (3) Add 1 g of ferrosoferric oxide to the solution and react at 60° C. for 12 h to obtain a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent.

[0027] The method for using the detergent is as follows: the biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent is cast onto the plastic surface, and then peeled off after drying to complete the decontamination process.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent, comprising the following steps:

[0030] (1) In a three-necked flask equipped with a stirring and reflux device, add 3 g of carboxymethyl cellulose and 17 g of water, and stir at 400 rpm and 110° C. for 12 h to form a solution;

[0031] (2) Add 0.5 g of activated carbon to the solution and react at 60 °C for 12 h;

[0032] (3) Add 2 g of ferrosoferric oxide to the solution and react at 60° C. for 12 h to obtain a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent.

[0033] The method for using the detergent is as follows: the biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent is cast onto the plastic surface, and then peeled off after drying to complete the decontamination process.

[0034] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1. Dissolving: dissolving the biomass material in a solvent under heating conditions to form a solution; S2. Additive regulation: Add a decontamination agent and a magnetic agent into the solution, and heat the solution to obtain a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent.

2. The method for preparing a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight proportions of the raw materials are as follows: 3 to 50 parts of biomass material; 100 parts of solvent; 0.1 to 3 parts of decontamination aid; and 1 to 20 parts of magnetic aid.

3. The method for preparing a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the heating condition is 50 to 180°C.

4. The method for preparing a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the biomass material is one or more of lignin, chitosan, cellulose, starch, carrageenan and derivatives of the above substances.

5. The method for preparing a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the solvent is one or more of ethyl acetate, ethanol, hydrofluoroether, and water.

6. The method for preparing a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the decontamination aid is one or more of hydroxyapatite, activated carbon, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Prussian blue, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes and derivatives of the above substances.

7. The method for preparing a biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the magnetic auxiliary agent is one or more of ferroferric oxide, cobalt trioxide, and nickel oxide.

8. A biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent, characterized in that: The biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent is prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A method for using the biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The method of use is: applying the decontaminant to the radioactive contaminated surface, and after the decontaminant is solidified and dried to form a film, the film is recovered by vacuum suction or magnetic force.

10. The method for using the biomass-based self-brittle peelable film detergent according to claim 9, characterized in that: The material of the radioactive contaminated surface is stainless steel, glass, paint plate, marble, tile, plastic or cement.