Device capable of changing ground surface conditions through illumination and capturing debris such as particulate matter

Abstract

The invention discloses a device capable of changing ground surface conditions through illumination and capturing debris such as particulate matter. The device is mainly formed by connecting a plurality of capturing units in series through connecting pieces. The capturing unit is made of waste materials; capture synapses are distributed on the outer surface of the capture unit. The device can be used for ecological restoration of abandoned mines or desert degraded areas. Accordingly, a corresponding method is also established, the device is inserted on the ground, part of the device covers the ground, part of the device is exposed on the ground surface, and when the environment air temperature and illumination change, the device moves relative to the soil due to different expansion performance and heat capacity of each capturing unit, so that the soil structure is changed; and the capture synapses can capture chippings and raised dust so as to create a space for water retention. In addition, the device is mainly made of waste materials, resource utilization of the waste materials can be achieved, and the waste materials can be recycled and reused.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the ecological restoration technology of abandoned mines and extreme desert degradation, and in particular to a device which can change the surface condition by light and can capture particles and other debris. Background Art

[0002] my country is the world's largest coal producer and consumer. Since the beginning of this century, my country's coal development and utilization has been growing at an average annual rate of 200 million tons. Coal development has brought huge economic benefits to my country and has become an important pillar of the national economy. At the same time, due to a series of reasons such as insufficient attention to coal environmental protection, large-scale and unreasonable development, open-pit mining has led to the deterioration of the soil environment, which not only hinders sustainable development, but also poses a serious threat to the natural environment and human survival.

[0003] Open-pit mining will bring about environmental problems such as soil destruction, soil erosion and monoculture of microorganisms. Open-pit mining must strip the vegetation and surface rocks of the surface layer, which is extremely destructive to the land, which is prominently manifested in the destruction of the topsoil and the occupation of a large area of ​​land. In addition, the indirect damage to the land caused by open-pit mines is mainly manifested in land desertification, soil impoverishment, soil acidification, salinization, etc. The surface soil is stripped, and the discharge of the stripped material exposes the shallow sandy soil to the surface. After wind and water erosion, the shallow sandy soil will cover a larger area of ​​land, greatly reducing the fertility of the surface soil of the surrounding land, causing the impoverishment of the original soil. The surface stripping of the mining area often removes the natural landscape and vegetation on the ground, causing a devastating blow to the entire ecosystem. The soil cannot be well purified and replenished, and the self-recovery ability of the soil is greatly limited, aggravating the impoverishment of the soil.

[0004] During the construction period of open-pit coal mines, the original landforms and vegetation were changed due to site leveling, topsoil stripping, road construction, earthwork transportation and stacking, which disturbed the surface soil structure, exposed the surface in the construction area, reduced the surface erosion resistance, and easily caused water and soil loss under the action of water and wind. Across the country, open-pit mining has caused very serious soil and water loss. If it is not protected and managed in time, a series of natural problems such as mudslides, riverbed uplift, and sandstorms will become more serious.

[0005] The ecological restoration and soil vegetation restoration of open-pit mining mines are currently mainly handled through the straw grid technology. The straw grid technology controls the sandstorm by spreading wheat straw in the grid, turning the desolate desert into a lush landscape. However, this technology uses a single material and only solves the problem of vegetation restoration. For the land after open-pit mining, there are still problems of acidification and salinization in the soil, which cannot be improved well by the straw grid technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device which can change the surface conditions by light and can capture debris such as particles, so as to facilitate ecological restoration of abandoned mines and degraded desert areas.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A device that changes the surface conditions by light and can capture debris such as particles, mainly composed of multiple capture units connected in series through connectors; the capture units are made of waste materials, including waste metal, waste glass, waste plastic, waste tires, and wood; capture synapses are distributed on the outer surface of the capture units, and the capture synapses are made of short thin iron wires.

[0009] The device has a spiral structure as a whole.

[0010] The spiral structure is a triple helix.

[0011] A Y-shaped stabilizing frame is arranged on each spiral of the three spirals. The Y-shaped stabilizing frame is connected by a connecting piece and a capturing unit. The three ends of the Y-shaped stabilizing frame are connected to the spirals. At least one capturing unit is arranged on the three branches of the Y-shaped stabilizing frame.

[0012] The capture unit is a square-hole cylinder made of waste materials, with square holes penetrating the upper and lower surfaces, and short thin iron wires evenly distributed on the outer surface.

[0013] The three-layer spiral has a layer spacing of 5-10 cm and a diameter of one meter; the square-hole cylinder is 10-20 cm high.

[0014] Waste metals include waste copper, waste iron, waste aluminum, waste alloys or their mixtures; waste glass includes glass or plexiglass; waste plastic includes polystyrene; waste tires are mainly composed of hard rubber and wood; and connectors are thin and long iron wires.

[0015] The above device is used for ecological restoration of abandoned mines or desert degraded areas.

[0016] The ecological restoration method for abandoned mines or desert degraded areas is to insert the above-mentioned device into the ground so that part of the device is covered underground and part is exposed on the surface. When the ambient temperature and light change, the different expansion properties and heat capacities of each capture unit cause the device to move relative to the soil, thereby changing the soil structure. The capture synapses can capture debris and dust, thereby creating a space for water conservation.

[0017] The above ecological restoration method inserts multiple devices into the ground to form a device network.

[0018] In view of the problems in the current management of abandoned mines and desert degraded areas and the existence of grass grid technology, the inventor has designed a device that changes the surface conditions by light and can capture debris such as particulate matter. The device is mainly composed of multiple capture units connected in series through connectors; the capture unit is made of waste materials, including waste metal, waste glass, waste plastic, waste tires, and wood; the capture synapses are distributed on the outer surface of the capture unit, and the capture synapses are made of short thin iron wires. The above device can be used for ecological restoration of abandoned mines or desert degraded areas. Based on this, the inventor has also established a corresponding method. The above device is inserted into the ground so that part of the device is covered underground and part is exposed on the surface. When the ambient temperature and light change, the expansion performance and heat capacity of each capture unit are different, causing the device to move relative to the soil, thereby changing the soil structure, and the capture synapses can capture debris and dust to create space for water conservation. In addition, the materials used in the device are mainly waste materials, which can realize the resource utilization of waste materials on the one hand; on the other hand, the device can be reused and can be recycled after the soil environment restoration of the entire abandoned mine is completed. Then, after the entire device is repaired, it can continue to be put into the remaining severely degraded land for reuse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention which changes the surface condition by light and can capture particles and other debris.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the capture unit in the device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram (top view) showing the usage status and structure of the device network formed by the devices of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1 capture unit, 2 thin and long iron wire, 3 square hole cylinder, 4 short thin iron wire, 5 Y-shaped stabilizing frame, 6 ground surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] 1. Basic structure

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the device of the present invention, which changes the surface conditions by light and can capture particles and other debris, is mainly composed of a plurality of capture units 1 connected in series by a thin and long iron wire 2.

[0025] The capture unit is a square hole cylinder 3 (10-20 cm high) made of waste materials, with square holes passing through its upper and lower surfaces, and evenly distributed capture synapses on its outer surface. The capture synapses are formed by short thin iron wires 4 embedded in the outer wall of the square hole cylinder and protruding outward. Waste materials include waste metal, waste glass, waste plastic, waste tires, and wood. These waste materials can be divided into metal materials and non-metallic materials. The source of materials is preferably selected from domestic waste. Some metal and non-metallic domestic waste can be recycled and some low-cost and simple primary processing can be carried out to obtain the waste materials required for making this device. The source of waste metal can be waste copper, waste iron and waste aluminum in life. These materials can be crushed with a mining crusher and then separated for fusion. The recycling rate of waste glass is low. In addition to regenerating some glass products, waste glass can also be used as the raw material of the device to improve its recycling rate. Waste plastics can be obtained from domestic waste plastics, which can be mechanically recycled to produce recycled plastics, and the device can be made using recycled plastics, while the excess plastics can be treated in an environmentally friendly manner by refining waste plastics. As the number of cars continues to increase, the use of tires is also increasing year by year, and waste tires are also constantly added. These tires can be crushed into rubber powder and then processed into natural rubber through a special process, and then used as waste tire materials for the device of the present invention; wood materials can be obtained by simply cutting waste furniture.

[0026] The device is in a spiral structure as a whole, and the number of spiral layers is set as needed. In the embodiment, the spiral structure is a three-layer spiral (with a spacing of 5-10 cm and a diameter of one meter). Since a large number of short convex thin iron wires are distributed on the outer surface of the capture unit, the outer surface contour of the spiral structure is like the ridges on the surface of a sea cucumber, which is uneven. A Y-shaped stabilizing frame 5 is provided on each spiral of the three-layer spiral. The Y-shaped stabilizing frame is formed by connecting a thin and long iron wire with a capture unit. The three ends of the Y-shaped stabilizing frame are all connected to the spiral, and at least one capture unit is provided on each of the three branches of the Y-shaped stabilizing frame.

[0027] 2. Usage

[0028] The device of the present invention can be used for ecological restoration of abandoned mines or desert degraded areas. The specific operation is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, multiple devices are inserted into the ground to form a device network. Each device is partially covered underground and partially exposed on the surface 6. When the ambient temperature and light change, the expansion performance and heat capacity of each capture unit are different, causing the device to move relative to the soil, thereby changing the soil structure. The capture synapse can capture debris and dust to create space for water retention, providing a better environment for the growth of seeds in the soil.

[0029] After the soil environment of the entire abandoned mine is restored, it can be recycled, and then the entire device can be put into reuse on the remaining severely degraded land after restoration.

[0030] 3. Working Principle

[0031] As shown in Tables 1 to 4, the capture units in the device of the present invention are made of five kinds of waste materials. Their different heat capacities make them have different linear expansion coefficients. Generally, the heat capacity of metals is smaller than that of non-metals, which leads to different deformations under lighting conditions. Different deformations cause the capture units (square hole cylinders) to undergo relative displacement, thereby changing the structure of the soil. When different capture units are connected in series into a spiral structure with thin and long iron wires, a certain gap is left between each capture unit. Therefore, when the capture unit is deformed, the shape of the independent device (i.e., each spiral structure) or even the entire device network is not fixed. They will undergo corresponding morphological changes with the different expansion degrees of the square hole cylinder. In addition, the short thin iron wire on the square hole cylinder can serve as a capture synapse to capture debris, suppress dust and capture dust. It collects particles during the day and shakes the particles into the empty spaces of the device network at night.

[0032] Table 1 Specific heat capacity of metal materials, J / (kg·℃)

[0033]

[0034] Table 2 Specific heat capacity of non-metallic materials, J / Kg

[0035]

[0036] The main components of waste metal materials are iron, aluminum, copper, nickel and alloys, etc. The main components of waste glass are glass and organic glass, the main components of waste plastic are polystyrene, the main components of waste tires are hard rubber, and there is also wood, a material with uncertain linear expansion coefficient. Therefore, depending on the main component materials, there will be different linear expansion coefficients. (See Table 3 and Table 4) Table 3 Linear expansion coefficient of metal materials, 1 / ℃

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] Table 4 Linear expansion coefficient of non-metallic materials, 1 / ℃

[0040]

[0041] As can be seen from Tables 3 and 4, the linear expansion coefficient of plastic materials is relatively large, so the thermal expansion and contraction of waste plastic materials is large. In addition, the specific heat capacity of engineering plastics is larger than that of metals and inorganic materials, which is 2-4 times that of steel materials. The linear expansion coefficient of engineering plastics is larger than that of metals and ordinary glass, which is 3-10 times that of metal materials. Therefore, waste plastic materials are easily deformed due to temperature changes in the device, affecting the stability of size.

Claims

1. A device that changes the surface conditions by light and can capture particles and other debris, characterized in that It is mainly composed of multiple capture units connected in series through connectors; the capture units are made of waste materials, which include at least two of waste metals, waste glass, waste plastics, waste tires, and wood; the outer surface of the capture unit is distributed with capture synapses, which are made of short thin iron wires.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The device has a spiral structure as a whole.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spiral structure is a triple-layer spiral.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each layer of the three-layer spiral is provided with a Y-shaped stabilizing frame, which is formed by connecting a connecting piece and a capture unit. The three ends of the Y-shaped stabilizing frame are all connected to the spiral, and at least one capture unit is provided on the three branches of the Y-shaped stabilizing frame.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The capture unit is a square hole cylinder made of waste materials, with square holes penetrating the upper and lower surfaces, and short thin iron wires evenly distributed on the outer surface.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The interlayer spacing of the three-layer spiral is 5-10 cm, and the diameter is one meter; the height of the square hole cylinder is 10-20 cm.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste metal is waste copper, waste iron, waste aluminum, waste alloy or a mixture thereof; the waste glass is glass or organic glass; the waste plastic is polystyrene; the main components of the waste tire are hard rubber and wood; and the connecting piece is a slender iron wire.

8. The device according to claim 1 is used for ecological restoration of abandoned mines or desert degraded areas.

9. A method for ecological restoration of abandoned mines or desert degraded areas, characterized by: The device described in claim 1 is inserted into the ground so that part of the device is covered underground and part of the device is exposed on the surface. When the ambient temperature and light change, the device moves relative to the soil due to the different expansion properties and heat capacities of each capture unit, thereby changing the soil structure. The capture synapses can capture debris and dust to create a space for water conservation.

10. The ecological restoration method according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of devices according to claim 1 are inserted into the ground to form a device network.

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