Hydrogen pressurizing device and method based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen pressurization device and method based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage pressurization of hydrogen internal combustion engines. The controller is connected with the first pressure sensor; the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage are respectively connected with the air supply device and are both connected with the controller; the first cylinder and the second cylinder are arranged on two sides of one end of the high-pressure passage far away from the air supply device, and the second cylinder is connected with one end of the low-pressure passage far away from the air supply device; the one-way valve is arranged on the side, away from the low-pressure channel, of the second cylinder, the second pressure reducing valve is arranged on the side, away from the second cylinder, of the one-way valve, and the side, away from the one-way valve, of the second pressure reducing valve is connected with the high A controller is used for controlling the on-off states of a high-pressure passage and a low-pressure passage and controlling hydrogen to enter a cylinder for combustion and acting; according to the invention, the utilization efficiency of hydrogen is obviously improved, and meanwhile, automatic control is realized by using the pressure sensor and the controller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage and pressurization of hydrogen internal combustion engines, and in particular to a hydrogen pressurization device and method based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage. Background Art

[0002] According to the data in the "2023 Carbon Emissions Report" of the International Energy Agency (IEA), my country's CO2 emissions in 2023 will reach 12.6 billion tons, an increase of 4.13% over 2022, the largest increase in the world so far. In order to achieve my country's dual carbon goals of "carbon peak" in 2030 and "carbon neutrality" in 2060, the use of hydrogen as a clean energy with high calorific value and no pollution is particularly important. In the field of hydrogen internal combustion engines, most of them currently use a high-pressure direct injection working mode to obtain higher power and efficiency, while direct injection in the cylinder puts forward stronger requirements on the injection pressure of hydrogen. In the on-board hydrogen storage bottle, if the latest IV type high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is used, its hydrogen storage pressure is 70MPa and the volume is 125L. As the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle is used, the pressure in the bottle decreases. The hydrogen internal combustion engine requires the injection pressure of hydrogen to be greater than the working pressure of the hydrogen nozzle to meet the needs of direct injection into the cylinder. When the pressure in the bottle drops below the working pressure of the hydrogen nozzle, on the one hand, there will be a waste of the remaining hydrogen that cannot be fully utilized, and on the other hand, it also limits the cruising range of the hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicle.

[0003] Therefore, the present invention proposes a hydrogen pressurizing device and method based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen pressurizing device and method based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage, which sets a low-pressure passage, fully utilizes the low-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle, and improves the hydrogen utilization rate.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a hydrogen pressurizing device based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage, comprising a gas supply device, a first pressure sensor, a controller, a high-pressure passage, a low-pressure passage, a one-way valve, a second pressure reducing valve, a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the gas supply device being arranged at one end of the first pressure sensor, the controller being connected to the first pressure sensor, the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage being respectively connected to the gas supply device, and the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage being both connected to the controller, the first cylinder and the second cylinder being arranged on both sides of an end of the high-pressure passage away from the gas supply device, the second cylinder being also connected to an end of the low-pressure passage away from the gas supply device, the one-way valve being arranged on a side of the second cylinder away from the low-pressure passage, the second pressure reducing valve being arranged on a side of the one-way valve away from the second cylinder, and the side of the second pressure reducing valve away from the one-way valve being connected to the high-pressure passage.

[0006] Preferably, the gas supply device includes a hydrogen storage bottle and a first valve, the first valve is arranged at one end of the first pressure sensor, and the hydrogen storage bottle is arranged at an end of the first valve away from the first pressure sensor.

[0007] Preferably, the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage are respectively connected to a side of the first valve away from the hydrogen storage bottle, and the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage are independent parallel passages.

[0008] Preferably, the high-pressure passage includes a second valve, a first pressure reducing valve, a high-pressure gas circuit, a main hydrogen rail, a second pressure sensor, a first high-pressure nozzle and a second high-pressure nozzle, the second valve is connected to the first valve, the first pressure reducing valve is connected to an end of the second valve away from the first valve, the high-pressure gas circuit is arranged on a side of the first pressure reducing valve away from the second valve, the main hydrogen rail is connected to an end of the high-pressure gas circuit away from the first pressure reducing valve, the first high-pressure nozzle and the second high-pressure nozzle are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main hydrogen rail, the second pressure sensor is connected to the main hydrogen rail, and the second pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure in the pipeline after pressure regulation by the pressure reducing valve.

[0009] Preferably, the nozzle of the first high-pressure nozzle is connected to the first cylinder, and the nozzle of the second high-pressure nozzle is connected to the second cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the low-pressure passage includes a third valve, a low-pressure gas circuit, a secondary hydrogen rail and a low-pressure nozzle, the third valve is connected to the first valve, the low-pressure gas circuit is connected to an end of the third valve away from the first valve, the secondary hydrogen rail is arranged at an end of the low-pressure gas circuit away from the third valve, the low-pressure nozzle is arranged on a side of the secondary hydrogen rail away from the low-pressure gas circuit, and is connected to the second cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, both the second valve and the third valve are controlled by the controller.

[0012] Preferably, the first pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is also electrically connected to the second valve and the third valve, and the other structures are interconnected through a hydrogen pipeline.

[0013] The present invention also provides a hydrogen pressurization method based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1, start the internal combustion engine, and set the working pressure values ​​of the first high-pressure nozzle, the second high-pressure nozzle and the low-pressure nozzle;

[0015] Step 2: When the internal combustion engine is running stably, read the value of the first pressure sensor;

[0016] Step 3, determining whether the value of the first pressure sensor belongs to a high pressure state or a low pressure state;

[0017] Step 4: If the current state is high pressure, open the second valve, close the third valve, and supply air to the cylinder through the high-pressure passage to burn and do work; otherwise, open the third valve, close the second valve, and supply air to the second cylinder through the low-pressure passage, and after pressurization, enter the first cylinder to burn and do work.

[0018] Preferably, the specific steps of supplying gas to the cylinder and burning to do work in step 4 are as follows:

[0019] S41, when the second valve is opened and the third valve is closed, the high-pressure hydrogen flows into the main hydrogen rail after being pressure-regulated by the first pressure reducing valve;

[0020] S42, the hydrogen flowing into the main hydrogen rail flows into the first cylinder and the second cylinder through the first high-pressure nozzle and the second high-pressure nozzle respectively to burn and perform work;

[0021] S43, when the first pressure sensor detects that the value is in a low pressure state, the second valve is closed, the third valve is opened, and the low-pressure hydrogen flows into the auxiliary hydrogen rail through the low-pressure gas path;

[0022] S44, the hydrogen flowing into the auxiliary hydrogen rail enters the second cylinder through the low-pressure nozzle for pressurization;

[0023] S45, the pressurized hydrogen flows into the main hydrogen rail after pressure regulation through the one-way valve and the second pressure reducing valve, and flows into the first cylinder through the first high-pressure nozzle to burn and perform work.

[0024] Therefore, the present invention adopts a hydrogen pressurizing device and method based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage of the above structure, uses a pressure sensor and a controller to control the state of the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage, improves the utilization efficiency of hydrogen, and realizes automated control.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of a hydrogen pressurizing device based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is an overall flow chart of a hydrogen pressurization method based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage according to the present invention;

[0028] Reference numerals

[0029] 1. Hydrogen storage bottle; 2. First valve; 3. First pressure sensor; 4. Second valve; 5. Third valve; 6. First pressure reducing valve; 7. Main hydrogen rail; 8. Secondary hydrogen rail; 9. First high-pressure nozzle; 10. Second high-pressure nozzle; 11. First cylinder; 12. Second cylinder; 13. Low-pressure nozzle; 14. One-way valve; 15. Second pressure reducing valve; 16. Second pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Example

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a hydrogen pressurizing device based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage includes a gas supply device, a first pressure sensor 3, a controller, a high-pressure passage, a low-pressure passage, a one-way valve 14, a second pressure reducing valve 15, a first cylinder 11 and a second cylinder 12. The gas supply device is arranged at one end of the first pressure sensor 3, the controller is connected to the first pressure sensor 3, the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage are respectively connected to the gas supply device, and the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage are both connected to the controller, the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 are arranged on both sides of the high-pressure passage away from one end of the gas supply device, the second cylinder 12 is also connected to one end of the low-pressure passage away from the gas supply device, the one-way valve 14 is arranged on one side of the second cylinder 12 away from the low-pressure passage, the second pressure reducing valve 15 is arranged on one side of the one-way valve 14 away from the second cylinder 12, and the second pressure reducing valve 15 is connected to the high-pressure passage on one side away from the one-way valve 14. The gas supply device includes a hydrogen storage bottle 1 and a first valve 2, the first valve 2 is arranged at one end of the first pressure sensor 3, and the hydrogen storage bottle 1 is arranged at one end of the first valve 2 away from the first pressure sensor 3. The high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage are respectively connected to the side of the first valve 2 away from the hydrogen storage bottle 1, and the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage belong to independent parallel passages. The high-pressure passage includes the second valve 4, the first pressure reducing valve 6, the high-pressure gas circuit, the main hydrogen rail 7, the second pressure sensor 16, the first high-pressure nozzle 9 and the second high-pressure nozzle 10. The second valve 4 is connected to the first valve 2, the first pressure reducing valve 6 is connected to the end of the second valve 4 away from the first valve 2, the high-pressure gas circuit is arranged on the side of the first pressure reducing valve 6 away from the second valve 4, the main hydrogen rail 7 is connected to the end of the high-pressure gas circuit away from the first pressure reducing valve 6, the first high-pressure nozzle 9 and the second high-pressure nozzle 10 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main hydrogen rail 7, the second pressure sensor 16 is connected to the main hydrogen rail 7 and the second pressure sensor 16 is used to monitor the pressure in the pipeline after the pressure is adjusted by the pressure reducing valve. The nozzle of the first high-pressure nozzle 9 is connected to the first cylinder 11, and the nozzle of the second high-pressure nozzle 10 is connected to the second cylinder 12. The low-pressure passage includes a third valve 5, a low-pressure gas circuit, a secondary hydrogen rail 8 and a low-pressure nozzle 13. The third valve 5 is connected to the first valve 2, the low-pressure gas circuit is connected to the end of the third valve 5 away from the first valve 2, the secondary hydrogen rail 8 is arranged at the end of the low-pressure gas circuit away from the third valve 5, and the low-pressure nozzle 13 is arranged on the side of the secondary hydrogen rail 8 away from the low-pressure gas circuit, and is connected to the second cylinder 12. The second valve 4 and the third valve 5 are both controlled by the controller. The first pressure sensor 3 is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is also electrically connected to the second valve 4 and the third valve 5. Other structures are interconnected through hydrogen pipelines.

[0034] The present invention also provides a hydrogen pressurization method based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage, comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step 1, start the internal combustion engine, and set the working pressure values ​​of the first high-pressure nozzle 9, the second high-pressure nozzle 10 and the low-pressure nozzle 13;

[0036] Step 2: When the internal combustion engine is running stably, read the value of the first pressure sensor 3;

[0037] Step 3, determining whether the value of the first pressure sensor 3 belongs to a high pressure state or a low pressure state;

[0038] Step 4: If the current state is high pressure, open the second valve 4, close the third valve 5, and supply gas to the cylinder through the high-pressure passage to burn and do work; otherwise, open the third valve 5, close the second valve 4, and supply gas to the second cylinder 12 through the low-pressure passage, and after pressurization, enter the first cylinder 11 to burn and do work.

[0039] S41, when the second valve 4 is opened and the third valve 5 is closed, the high-pressure hydrogen flows into the main hydrogen rail 7 after the pressure is adjusted by the first pressure reducing valve 6;

[0040] S42, the hydrogen flowing into the main hydrogen rail 7 flows into the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 through the first high-pressure nozzle 9 and the second high-pressure nozzle 10 respectively to burn and perform work;

[0041] S43, when the value detected by the first pressure sensor 3 is in a low pressure state, the second valve 4 is closed, the third valve 5 is opened, and the low-pressure hydrogen flows into the auxiliary hydrogen rail 8 through the low-pressure gas path;

[0042] S44, the hydrogen flowing into the auxiliary hydrogen rail 8 enters the second cylinder 12 through the low-pressure nozzle 13 for pressurization;

[0043] S45, the pressurized hydrogen flows into the main hydrogen rail 7 through the one-way valve 14 and the second pressure reducing valve 15, and flows into the first cylinder 11 through the first high-pressure nozzle 9 to burn and do work.

[0044] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned hydrogen pressurizing device and method based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage, by setting a pressure sensor and a high-pressure passage and a low-pressure passage; using the pressure sensor and the controller to control the state of the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage, the utilization efficiency of hydrogen is improved, and at the same time, automatic control is realized, which has obvious practical value.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen pressurizing device based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage, characterized in that: It includes an air supply device, a first pressure sensor, a controller, a high-pressure passage, a low-pressure passage, a one-way valve, a second pressure reducing valve, a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the air supply device is arranged at one end of the first pressure sensor, the controller is connected to the first pressure sensor, the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage are respectively connected to the air supply device, and the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage are both connected to the controller, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are arranged on both sides of the end of the high-pressure passage away from the air supply device, the second cylinder is also connected to the end of the low-pressure passage away from the air supply device, the one-way valve is arranged on a side of the second cylinder away from the low-pressure passage, the second pressure reducing valve is arranged on a side of the one-way valve away from the second cylinder, and the side of the second pressure reducing valve away from the one-way valve is connected to the high-pressure passage.

2. A hydrogen pressurizing device based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas supply device includes a hydrogen storage bottle and a first valve, wherein the first valve is arranged at one end of the first pressure sensor, and the hydrogen storage bottle is arranged at an end of the first valve away from the first pressure sensor.

3. A hydrogen pressurizing device based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage are respectively connected to a side of the first valve away from the hydrogen storage bottle, and the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage are independent parallel passages.

4. A hydrogen pressurizing device based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-pressure passage includes a second valve, a first pressure reducing valve, a high-pressure gas circuit, a main hydrogen rail, a second pressure sensor, a first high-pressure nozzle and a second high-pressure nozzle, the second valve is connected to the first valve, the first pressure reducing valve is connected to an end of the second valve away from the first valve, the high-pressure gas circuit is arranged on a side of the first pressure reducing valve away from the second valve, the main hydrogen rail is connected to an end of the high-pressure gas circuit away from the first pressure reducing valve, the first high-pressure nozzle and the second high-pressure nozzle are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main hydrogen rail, and the second pressure sensor is connected to the main hydrogen rail.

5. A hydrogen pressurizing device based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The nozzle of the first high-pressure nozzle is connected to the first cylinder, and the nozzle of the second high-pressure nozzle is connected to the second cylinder.

6. A hydrogen pressurizing device based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The low-pressure passage includes a third valve, a low-pressure gas circuit, a secondary hydrogen rail and a low-pressure nozzle. The third valve is connected to the first valve, the low-pressure gas circuit is connected to an end of the third valve away from the first valve, the secondary hydrogen rail is arranged at an end of the low-pressure gas circuit away from the third valve, and the low-pressure nozzle is arranged on a side of the secondary hydrogen rail away from the low-pressure gas circuit and is connected to the second cylinder.

7. A hydrogen pressurizing device based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second valve and the third valve are both controlled by the controller.

8. A hydrogen pressurizing device based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is also electrically connected to the second valve and the third valve.

9. A hydrogen pressurization method based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, start the internal combustion engine, and set the working pressure values ​​of the first and second high-pressure nozzles and the low-pressure nozzle; Step 2: When the internal combustion engine is running stably, read the value of the first pressure sensor; Step 3, determining whether the value of the first pressure sensor belongs to a high pressure state or a low pressure state; Step 4: If the current state is high pressure, open the second valve, close the third valve, and supply air to the cylinder through the high-pressure passage to burn and do work; otherwise, open the third valve, close the second valve, and supply air to the second cylinder through the low-pressure passage, and after pressurization, enter the first cylinder to burn and do work.

10. A hydrogen pressurization method based on gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific steps of supplying gas to the cylinder and burning and doing work in step 4 are as follows: S41, when the second valve is opened and the third valve is closed, the high-pressure hydrogen flows into the main hydrogen rail after being pressure-regulated by the first pressure reducing valve; S42, the hydrogen flowing into the main hydrogen rail flows into the first cylinder and the second cylinder through the first high-pressure nozzle and the second high-pressure nozzle respectively to burn and perform work; S43, when the first pressure sensor detects that the value is in a low pressure state, the second valve is closed, the third valve is opened, and the low-pressure hydrogen flows into the auxiliary hydrogen rail through the low-pressure gas path; S44, the hydrogen flowing into the auxiliary hydrogen rail enters the second cylinder through the low-pressure nozzle for pressurization; S45, the pressurized hydrogen flows into the main hydrogen rail after pressure regulation through the one-way valve and the second pressure reducing valve, and flows into the first cylinder through the first high-pressure nozzle to burn and perform work.

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