Magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage system based on solar heating and control method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage, and particularly discloses a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage system based on solar heating and a control method, and the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage system comprises a gas control module, a hydrogen storage module, a heat preservation glass sealing cover, a support, a vacuum pump and an electric control module. The hydrogen storage module mainly comprises a hydrogen storage single tube and a Zijin tube, the hydrogen storage tube is filled with a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material, the Zijin tube sleeves the hydrogen storage single tube, the electronic control module monitors the system temperature and the hydrogen content in real time, the risk of hydrogen leakage is avoided, and the support supports the hydrogen storage module bundling device. According to the invention, solar energy is used for air-drying the Zijin tube, so that the temperature in the tube is increased, and the hydrogenation reaction condition of the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material is further achieved; compared with other hydrogen storage devices, the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system is free of any additional electric heating system, and the energy consumption of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage, and in particular relates to a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating and a control method. Background Art

[0002] The global warming problem caused by greenhouse gas emissions due to the large-scale development of fossil fuels has gradually become a focus of attention. It is becoming increasingly important to find an economical and reliable clean energy to replace fossil fuels in daily life and industrial production. Hydrogen is considered to be a secondary energy source with great development potential due to its high energy density, environmental friendliness and renewability, and the storage and transportation of hydrogen is a key link in the development of the hydrogen energy economy.

[0003] Magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials have attracted widespread attention due to their high hydrogen storage capacity, low price and good reversibility. Compared with the current more mature high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage method, the hydrogen storage pressure of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials is less than 3 MPa, which greatly reduces the risk of leakage caused by hydrogen storage pressure. After absorbing hydrogen, the material is transformed into metal hydride, which can be stored at room temperature and pressure, and has broad application prospects in long-term large-scale hydrogen energy storage. However, the slow hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics and high hydrogen absorption and desorption temperature of pure magnesium restrict its development. Current scientific research has increased the hydrogen storage rate of magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials to more than 80% hydrogen absorption in less than five minutes through alloying, nano-sizing, nano-catalysis, nano-confinement and other methods; the hydrogen absorption and desorption temperature is less than 200℃; the hydrogen absorption and desorption amount reaches more than 5wt.%.

[0004] At present, my country's hydrogen energy industry equipment is still in its initial development stage, and the hydrogen energy industry equipment manufacturing segment is not mature. There is an urgent need for technological and equipment breakthroughs in the direction of hydrogen storage and use, which is also the main barrier to the development of the hydrogen energy economy. Yu Xuebin et al. (CN115219383A) designed a test device and method for a solid-state reversible hydrogen storage system based on photothermal drive, using a xenon lamp to irradiate the hydrogen storage material in the reactor to heat the hydrogen storage material to the reaction temperature for laboratory sample testing. Wu Xuehong et al. (CN220540877 U) designed a solar magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage / release system, which uses the waste heat of high-temperature hydrogen to enable magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage materials to reach hydrogen storage conditions.

[0005] In summary, magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage materials have good prospects for industrial utilization in the direction of hydrogen energy storage, but their high hydrogen absorption and desorption temperatures limit further development. The use of external heat sources for heating will result in a large amount of energy consumption. Currently, in the public patent literature, there are few designs for heating the overall hydrogen storage element using natural resources, and most of them are electrically heated to reach the hydrogen absorption and desorption temperature. Therefore, the development of a device that drives its hydrogen absorption and desorption with natural resources has important practical significance for its industrial development and reducing energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system and control method based on solar heating, which heats the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material by utilizing solar energy to irradiate the purple gold tube, thereby reducing the hydrogen storage cost; and avoiding the need for an external electric heating system to achieve the reaction conditions for the storage and release of hydrogen by the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material, thereby reducing consumption.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating, comprising a control module, a hydrogen storage module, a vacuum pump, and a hydrogen input device; the control module is connected to the hydrogen storage module, the hydrogen storage module is heated by solar energy, the vacuum pump is used to extract gas in the control module and hydrogen in the hydrogen storage module, and the hydrogen input device is used to inject hydrogen into the hydrogen storage module; The hydrogen storage module includes a purple gold tube, a single hydrogen storage tube, and a sealed end cap; the single hydrogen storage tube is placed in the purple gold tube and sealed by the sealed end cap, and the single hydrogen storage tube has a built-in hydrogen storage material; a plurality of hydrogen storage modules are connected in parallel through a control module; The control module includes a threaded-ferrule joint, a quick-connect solenoid valve, a tee I, a main pipeline, an electromagnetic main valve, and a tee II; the threaded-ferrule joint, the quick-connect solenoid valve, and the tee I are sequentially connected to form a branch pipeline, and one branch pipeline corresponds to a hydrogen storage module; the threaded-ferrule joint of the branch pipeline is connected to the sealing end cover of the corresponding hydrogen storage module, and is connected to the hydrogen storage single pipe of the hydrogen storage module; the tees I of multiple branch pipelines are connected in series to form a main pipeline; the main pipeline is connected to the tee II, and the connection point is provided with an electromagnetic main valve; the tee II is respectively connected to the hydrogen pipeline and the vacuum pipeline; The vacuum pipeline is connected to the vacuum pump, and a one-way valve is arranged on the vacuum pipeline. The hydrogen pipeline is connected to the hydrogen input device, and a single electromagnetic pressure valve is arranged on the hydrogen pipeline.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, the hydrogen storage system also includes a partition frame for fixing the control module and the hydrogen storage module, and the partition frame has a top partition, a middle partition, and a bottom partition; the top partition is used to fix the front end of each hydrogen storage module, and the middle partition and the bottom partition are used to fix each hydrogen storage module. An insulating glass cover is installed outside the partition frame, and the top partition separates the control module and the hydrogen storage module in the partition frame.

[0009] As a further preferred solution, a bracket is provided at the bottom of the partition frame, and the bracket is arranged at an angle so that the partition frame is perpendicular to the sunlight, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the system.

[0010] As a further preferred solution, the hydrogen storage system also includes an electric control module for system temperature and hydrogen leakage monitoring, the electric control module includes an electric control cabinet and a tube temperature thermocouple connected to the electric control cabinet signal, a hydrogen storage module thermocouple, a hydrogen storage module hydrogen sensor, a gas control module thermocouple, a gas control module hydrogen sensor, and an electromagnetic pressure valve, and the vacuum pump is also connected to the electric control cabinet signal; The thermocouple for the temperature inside the tube is arranged inside the sealing end cover; Thermocouples and hydrogen sensors of the hydrogen storage module are installed on the top partition close to the side of the hydrogen storage module, located in the hydrogen storage module area within the partition frame; The gas control module thermocouple and the gas control module hydrogen sensor are installed on the top partition close to the gas control module side, located in the control module area inside the partition frame.

[0011] As a further preferred solution, the single hydrogen storage tube is a stainless steel seamless steel cylinder with a filter screen at the bottle mouth, and the hydrogen storage material filled therein is a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material, which accounts for 80% of the volume of the single hydrogen storage tube.

[0012] A control method for a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating comprises the following steps: Step 1: When absorbing hydrogen, the purple gold tube absorbs solar energy to heat the hydrogen storage tube, and the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage tube heats up; Step 2: Open the main electromagnetic valve, close the quick-plug connector electromagnetic valve, operate the vacuum pump for 5 minutes, exhaust the gas in the control module, stop the vacuum pump, open the quick-plug connector electromagnetic valve, operate the vacuum pump for 5 minutes, exhaust the gas in the hydrogen storage module, and stop the vacuum pump; Step 3: The electromagnetic pressure valve is energized, hydrogen is injected into the hydrogen storage tube, the hydrogen pressure is 2~5 MPa, and hydrogen absorption begins; Step 4: After reaching the designed hydrogen absorption amount, close the quick-connect solenoid valve, power off the solenoid pressure valve, start the vacuum pump for 5 minutes, exhaust the hydrogen in the gas control module pipeline, and close the main solenoid valve; Step 5: When discharging hydrogen, the main electromagnetic valve is opened, the quick-connect solenoid valve is opened, the electromagnetic pressure valve is closed, the vacuum pump is started, the pressure is reduced to 0.01~0.5 MPa, the hydrogen storage material releases hydrogen, and the vacuum pump discharges hydrogen out of the system. After the pressure value stabilizes at 0~0.01 MPa, the hydrogen release is completed, the quick-connect solenoid valve is closed, the main electromagnetic valve is closed, and the vacuum pump is closed; Step 6: If the temperature is higher than 400°C, that is, the temperature is too high, the thermocouple in the tube, the thermocouple in the hydrogen storage module, and the thermocouple in the gas control module will alarm, and repeat step 4; Step 7: If the hydrogen content is greater than 0 PPM, it means hydrogen leakage. The hydrogen sensor of the hydrogen storage module and the hydrogen sensor of the gas control module will alarm. Repeat step 4.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Use purple gold tubes to absorb solar energy to heat magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials without any external electric heating system, thus avoiding excessive energy consumption of hydrogen storage in the system.

[0014] 2. The method of directly heating the hydrogen storage element with purple gold tube can achieve efficient heat transfer, short system heating time and fast reaction speed.

[0015] 3. Using magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage materials to store hydrogen has a large hydrogen storage capacity and high hydrogen storage density. After the material reaction is completed, it is converted into hydride and can be stored at room temperature and pressure. There is no risk of hydrogen leakage and low maintenance cost. It has great development potential in the long-term large-scale hydrogen storage scenario.

[0016] 4. It can be used in conjunction with solar power plants. The abandoned electricity can be used to electrolyze water. In the case of abundant sunlight, the heating speed is fast and the temperature is high, and the system's hydrogen storage capacity can reach the maximum. In rainy conditions, less electricity is abandoned and the system stops working, reducing maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a rear view of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a right view of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gas control module of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and internal structure of the hydrogen storage module of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electric control module of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flow chart of a control method of a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating according to the present invention; Among them: 1-gas control module, 2-hydrogen storage module, 3-middle partition, 4-insulating glass cover, 5-bottom partition, 6-bracket, 7-vacuum pump, 8-top partition, 9-electric control module, 101-threaded-ferrule connector, 102-quick-plug connector solenoid valve, 103-three-way I, 104-electromagnetic main valve, 105-three-way II, 106-check valve, 107-electromagnetic pressure valve, 201-sealed end cover, 202-hydrogen storage single tube, 203-filter, 204-hydrogen storage material, 205-purple gold tube, 901-electric control cabinet, 902-tube temperature thermocouple, 903-hydrogen storage module thermocouple, 904-hydrogen storage module hydrogen sensor, 905-gas control module thermocouple, 906-gas control module hydrogen sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] The present invention proposes a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, it mainly includes a gas control module 1, a hydrogen storage module 2, a middle partition 3, an insulating glass cover 4, a bottom partition 5, a bracket 6, a vacuum pump 7, a top partition 8, and an electric control module 9.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, to prevent collision between the 10 parallel purple gold tubes 205, the top of the purple gold tube 205 is isolated by a top partition 8, two middle partitions 3 are installed in the middle, and a bottom partition 5 is installed at the bottom. The partitions are all installed on the bracket 6. The gas control module 1 is connected to the hydrogen storage single tube 202 in the hydrogen storage module 2.

[0024] The present invention utilizes a purple gold tube to cover a hydrogen storage bottle, with air in the middle and sealed with a heat-insulating end cover. The temperature of the purple gold tube can reach above 280°C when exposed to air.

[0025] Double-layer vacuum tubes such as three-high tubes, blue crystal tubes, and three-dimensional focusing tubes can all replace purple gold tubes and can play a role in solar heating.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, a heat-insulating glass cover 4 is installed outside the partition, which is beneficial to the temperature maintenance and rapid heating of the system, and the electric control cabinet 901 is installed on the bracket 6.

[0027] like Figure 4 The threaded-ferrule joint 101 shown is connected to the single hydrogen storage bottle 202 in the hydrogen storage module 2 by threads, and the other end of the threaded-ferrule joint 101 is connected to the quick-connect joint solenoid valve 102 through a seamless steel pipe. The quick-connect joint solenoid valve 102 facilitates the installation and disassembly of the single hydrogen storage tube 202. When installation is required, the quick-connect joint solenoid valve 102 is in a closed state. The quick-connect joint solenoid valve 102 is connected to the seamless steel pipe and the three-way I 103 and connected to the gas control module 1. When hydrogen is charged and discharged, the quick-connect joint solenoid valve 102 is opened, and hydrogen can directly enter and exit the single hydrogen storage tube 202. When the single hydrogen storage tube 202 is filled with hydrogen, the quick-connect joint solenoid valve 102 is closed and can be quickly disassembled.

[0028] Tee I 103 is connected in parallel with other hydrogen storage units through seamless steel pipes and connected to the electromagnetic main valve 104. The electromagnetic main valve 104 is connected to Tee II 105. The other two ends of Tee II 105 are respectively connected to a one-way valve 106 and an electromagnetic pressure valve 107. The one-way valve 106 is connected to the vacuum pump 7 to prevent the gas backflow of the vacuum pump 7 and avoid the risk of oxygen and hydrogen doping. The electromagnetic pressure valve 107 is switched under the control of the electric control cabinet 901 and controls the intake pressure to be stable at 2~5 MPa.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the hydrogen storage tube 202 is filled with a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material 204, which occupies 80% of the volume of the hydrogen storage tube 202, thereby avoiding the risk of hydrogen leakage caused by excessive radial pressure on the hydrogen storage tube 202 due to volume expansion of the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material 204 after absorbing hydrogen.

[0030] A filter screen 203 is provided at the outlet of the hydrogen storage tube 202. The filter screen 203 is made of 110 ppi nickel foam material to prevent the material powder from being sucked away by the vacuum pump 7 during the dehydrogenation process, or the powder from leaking during the equipment transportation process.

[0031] The outer part of the hydrogen storage tube 202 is covered with a purple gold tube 205. The purple gold tube 205 absorbs solar energy, and the temperature inside the tube can reach above 200°C, which heats the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material 204 to reach the reaction temperature.

[0032] The sealing end cap 201 is closely matched with the inner wall of the purple gold tube 205, and its material is thermal insulation ceramics or asbestos and other thermal insulation materials to maintain the internal temperature of the purple gold tube 205. The sealing end cap 201 is punched with a through hole with a diameter of 1 mm, and a tube temperature thermocouple 902 is installed to monitor the temperature inside the purple gold tube 205.

[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, the electric control cabinet 901 is respectively connected to the in-tube temperature thermocouple 902, the hydrogen storage module thermocouple 903, the hydrogen storage module hydrogen sensor 904, the gas control module thermocouple 905, the gas control module hydrogen sensor 906, the electromagnetic pressure valve 107, and the vacuum pump 7.

[0034] The tube temperature thermocouple 902 is installed in the through hole of the sealing end cover 201 to monitor the real-time temperature in the purple gold tube 205. When the maximum temperature exceeds 400°C, the tube temperature thermocouple 902 alarms and the electric control cabinet 901 controls the system to be emptied.

[0035] The hydrogen storage module thermocouple 903 is installed on the top partition 8 near the hydrogen storage module 2 to monitor the temperature of the hydrogen storage module 2. When the maximum temperature exceeds 400°C, the hydrogen storage module thermocouple 903 alarms and the electric control cabinet 901 controls the system to be emptied.

[0036] The hydrogen sensor 904 of the hydrogen storage module is installed on the side of the top partition 8 close to the hydrogen storage module 2 to monitor the hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module 2. When the hydrogen content exceeds 0 PPM, the hydrogen sensor 904 of the hydrogen storage module alarms and the electric control cabinet 901 controls the system to be emptied.

[0037] The gas control module thermocouple 905 is installed on the top partition 8 near the gas control module 1 to monitor the temperature of the gas control module 1. When the maximum temperature exceeds 400°C, the gas control module thermocouple 905 alarms and the electric control cabinet 901 controls the system to be emptied; The gas control module hydrogen sensor 906 is installed on the top partition 8 near the gas control module 1 to monitor the hydrogen content of the gas control module 1. When the hydrogen content exceeds 0 PPM, the gas control module hydrogen sensor 906 alarms and the electric control cabinet 901 controls the system to be emptied.

[0038] The electromagnetic pressure valve 107 controls the intake pressure to be stable at 2~5 MPa, and the intake pressure and switch are both set by the electric control cabinet 901.

[0039] The vacuum pump 7 is used to evacuate the gas in the system, or to extract hydrogen from the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material 204 during hydrogen release.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of a control method for the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating. For ease of understanding, further explanation will be given below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and each embodiment does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0041] The emptying process of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating of the present invention comprises the following specific steps: The system electromagnetic main valve 104 is opened, the quick-connection electromagnetic valve 102 is closed, the electromagnetic pressure valve 107 is closed, and the vacuum pump 7 is turned on; The gas in the pipeline of the gas control module 1 passes through the three-way I 103, the electromagnetic main valve 104, the three-way II 105, the one-way valve 106, and the vacuum pump 7 in sequence and is discharged out of the system; After the vacuum pump 7 has worked for 5 minutes, it is turned off, the quick-connection solenoid valve 102 is opened, and the vacuum pump 7 is started; The gas in the hydrogen storage module 2 is discharged from the system in sequence through the hydrogen storage single tube 202, the threaded-ferrule joint 101, the quick-connection solenoid valve 102, the three-way I 103, the solenoid main valve 104, the three-way II 105, the one-way valve 106, and the vacuum pump 7; The vacuum pump 7 is turned off after working for 5 minutes, the quick-connect solenoid valve 102 is turned off, the main solenoid valve 104 is turned off, and the emptying is completed. Embodiment 2

[0042] The hydrogen absorption process of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating of the present invention comprises the following specific steps: 1) The purple gold tube 205 absorbs solar energy, and the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material 204 is heated to 200°C; 2) The main electromagnetic valve 104 is opened, the quick-connect electromagnetic valve 102 is opened, the electromagnetic pressure valve 107 is opened, and the hydrogen filling pressure is 2~5 MPa; 3) Hydrogen enters the interior of the hydrogen storage single tube 202 through the electromagnetic pressure valve 107, the three-way II 105, the electromagnetic main valve 104, the three-way I 103, the quick-connection electromagnetic valve 102, and the thread-ferrule joint 101 in sequence, and then contacts and reacts with the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material 204 after passing through the filter 203 to form a solid hydride; 4) After the designed amount of hydrogen is charged, the electromagnetic pressure valve 107 is closed, the quick-connect electromagnetic valve 102 is closed, the vacuum pump 7 is started, and the hydrogen in the pipeline of the gas control module 1 passes through the three-way I 103, the electromagnetic main valve 104, the three-way II 105, the check valve 106, and the vacuum pump 7 in sequence and is discharged out of the system; 5) The vacuum pump 7 is turned off after working for 5 minutes, the electromagnetic main valve 104 is closed, and the hydrogen absorption is completed.

[0043] 6) During transportation, the quick-connect solenoid valve 102 can be directly disassembled, and the part from the hydrogen storage single tube 202 to the quick-connect solenoid valve 102 can be removed from the system, which is convenient and quick. Embodiment 3

[0044] The hydrogen release process of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating of the present invention comprises the following specific steps: The purple gold tube 205 absorbs solar energy, and the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material 204 is heated to 200°C; 2) The main electromagnetic valve 104 is opened, the quick-connect electromagnetic valve 102 is opened, and the electromagnetic pressure valve 107 is closed; 3) The vacuum pump 7 works and the pressure of the gas control module 1 is controlled between 0.01 and 0.5 MPa; 4) The solid hydride decomposes, and the hydrogen passes through the filter 203, the threaded-ferrule joint 101, the quick-connect solenoid valve 102, the three-way I 103, the main solenoid valve 104, the three-way II 105, the check valve 106, and the vacuum pump 7 in sequence, and is discharged from the system from the hydrogen storage single tube 202; 5) After the pressure of the gas control module 1 is stabilized at 0-0.01 MPa for 1 minute, the vacuum pump 7 is turned off, the quick-connect solenoid valve 102 and the main solenoid valve 104 are closed, and the hydrogen discharge is completed. Embodiment 4

[0045] The abnormal response process of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating of the present invention comprises the following specific steps: When the temperature inside the tube exceeds 400°C, the tube temperature thermocouple 902 generates an alarm signal, and the control system of the electric control cabinet 901 repeats the emptying process of Example 1; When the temperature of the hydrogen storage module 2 exceeds 400° C., the thermocouple 903 of the hydrogen storage module generates an alarm signal, and the control system of the electric control cabinet 901 repeats the emptying process of Example 1; When the hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage module 2 exceeds 0 PPM, the hydrogen sensor 904 of the hydrogen storage module generates an alarm signal, and the control system of the electric control cabinet 901 repeats the emptying process of Example 1; When the temperature of the gas control module 1 exceeds 400° C., the gas control module thermocouple 905 generates an alarm signal, and the control system of the electric control cabinet 901 repeats the emptying process of Example 1; 5) When the hydrogen content in the gas control module 1 exceeds 0 PPM, the hydrogen sensor 906 of the gas control module generates an alarm signal, and the control system of the electric control cabinet 901 repeats the evacuation process of Example 1.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating, characterized in that: The invention comprises a control module (1), a hydrogen storage module (2), a vacuum pump (7), and a hydrogen input device; the control module (1) is connected to the hydrogen storage module (2), the hydrogen storage module (2) is heated by solar energy, the vacuum pump (7) is used to extract gas from the control module (1) and hydrogen from the hydrogen storage module (2), and the hydrogen input device is used to inject hydrogen into the hydrogen storage module (2); The hydrogen storage module (2) comprises a purple gold tube (205), a hydrogen storage tube (202), and a sealing end cover (201); the hydrogen storage tube (202) is placed in the purple gold tube (205) and is sealed by the sealing end cover (201); the hydrogen storage tube (202) has a built-in hydrogen storage material; a plurality of hydrogen storage modules (2) are connected in parallel to each other via a control module (1); The control module (1) comprises a threaded-ferrule joint (101), a quick-connect solenoid valve (102), a tee I (103), a main pipeline, an electromagnetic main valve (104), and a tee II (105); the threaded-ferrule joint (101), the quick-connect solenoid valve (102), and the tee I (103) are sequentially connected to form a branch pipeline, and one branch pipeline corresponds to one hydrogen storage module (2); the threaded-ferrule joint (101) of the branch pipeline is connected to the sealing end cover (201) of the corresponding hydrogen storage module (2), and is connected to the hydrogen storage single pipe (202) of the hydrogen storage module (2); the tees I (103) of the multiple branch pipelines are connected in series to form a main pipeline; the main pipeline is connected to the tee II (105), and the connection point has an electromagnetic main valve (104); the tee II (105) is respectively connected to the hydrogen pipeline and the vacuum pipeline; The vacuum pipeline is connected to a vacuum pump (7) and is provided with a one-way valve (106); the hydrogen pipeline is connected to a hydrogen input device and is provided with a single electromagnetic pressure valve (107).

2. A magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage system further comprises a partition frame for fixing the control module (1) and the hydrogen storage module (2), wherein the partition frame comprises a top partition (8), a middle partition (3), and a bottom partition (5); the top partition (8) is used to fix the front end of each hydrogen storage module (2), and the middle partition (3) and the bottom partition (5) are used to fix each hydrogen storage module (2); a heat-insulating glass cover (4) is additionally installed outside the partition frame, and the top partition (8) separates the control module (1) and the hydrogen storage module (2) in the partition frame.

3. A magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the partition frame is provided with a bracket (6), and the bracket (6) is arranged obliquely so that the partition frame is perpendicular to the sunlight.

4. A magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage system further comprises an electric control module (9), the electric control module (9) comprising an electric control cabinet (901), a tube temperature thermocouple (902) connected to the electric control cabinet (901) by signal, a hydrogen storage module thermocouple (903), a hydrogen storage module hydrogen sensor (904), a gas control module thermocouple (905), a gas control module hydrogen sensor (906), and an electromagnetic pressure valve (107); the vacuum pump (7) is also connected to the electric control cabinet (901) by signal; The tube temperature thermocouple (902) is arranged inside the sealing end cover (201); The hydrogen storage module thermocouple (903) and the hydrogen storage module hydrogen sensor (904) are installed on the top partition (8) close to the side of the hydrogen storage module (2), and are located in the hydrogen storage module (2) area within the partition frame; The gas control module thermocouple (905) and the gas control module hydrogen sensor (906) are installed on the top partition (8) close to the side of the gas control module (1), and are located in the control module (1) area inside the partition frame.

5. A magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage single tube (202) is a stainless steel seamless cylinder, a filter screen (203) is provided at the bottle mouth, and the hydrogen storage material filled therein is a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material (204).

6. A control method for a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage system based on solar heating according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: When absorbing hydrogen, the purple gold tube (205) absorbs solar energy to heat the hydrogen storage tube (202), and the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material (204) in the hydrogen storage tube (202) is heated; Step 2: the main electromagnetic valve (104) is opened, the quick-connect electromagnetic valve (102) is closed, the vacuum pump (7) is operated for 5 minutes to exhaust the gas in the control module (1), the vacuum pump (7) is stopped, the quick-connect electromagnetic valve (102) is opened, the vacuum pump (7) is operated for 5 minutes to exhaust the gas in the hydrogen storage module (2), and the vacuum pump (7) is stopped; Step 3: The electromagnetic pressure valve (107) is energized, hydrogen is injected into the hydrogen storage tube (202), the hydrogen pressure is 2-5 MPa, and hydrogen absorption begins; Step 4: After reaching the designed hydrogen absorption amount, close the quick-connect solenoid valve (102), power off the solenoid pressure valve (107), start the vacuum pump (7) for 5 minutes, exhaust the hydrogen in the pipeline of the gas control module (1), and close the main solenoid valve (104); Step 5: When discharging hydrogen, the main electromagnetic valve (104) is opened, the quick-connect electromagnetic valve (102) is opened, the electromagnetic pressure valve (107) is closed, the vacuum pump (7) is started, the pressure is reduced to 0.01-0.5 MPa, the hydrogen storage material (204) releases hydrogen, and the vacuum pump (7) discharges hydrogen out of the system. After the pressure value stabilizes at 0-0.01 MPa, the hydrogen release is completed, the quick-connect electromagnetic valve (102) is closed, the main electromagnetic valve (104) is closed, and the vacuum pump (7) is closed; Step 6: The temperature is higher than 400°C, that is, the temperature is too high, the tube temperature thermocouple (902), the hydrogen storage module thermocouple (903), and the gas control module thermocouple (905) alarm, and repeat step 4; Step 7: If the hydrogen content is greater than 0 PPM, that is, hydrogen leakage, the hydrogen sensor (904) of the hydrogen storage module and the hydrogen sensor (906) of the gas control module will alarm, and step 4 will be repeated.

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