Sample pretreatment device for food detection

Abstract

The invention discloses a sample pretreatment device for food detection, relates to the technical field of food detection treatment equipment, and aims to solve the technical problem of low function of the sample pretreatment device for food detection, and the sample pretreatment device comprises a pretreatment barrel, a cover seat mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a grinding and crushing mechanism. Through the structural design of the rotating mechanism and the grinding and smashing mechanism, a sample for food detection can be ground or smashed, after the sample for food detection is put into the pretreatment barrel, if the sample for food detection is a hard sample for food detection, the rotating mechanism is adjusted through the adjusting mechanism to eccentrically rotate, and then the sample for food detection is ground or smashed; the grinding and crushing mechanism is in a grinding state, so that the grinding and crushing mechanism grinds the sample for hard food detection, and if the grinding and crushing mechanism is in a soft food detection sample, the rotating mechanism is adjusted by the adjusting mechanism to concentrically rotate, so that the grinding and crushing mechanism crushes the soft food detection sample.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of food detection and processing equipment, and more specifically, to a sample preprocessing device for food detection. Background Art

[0002] Food testing plays an important role in ensuring food safety, protecting consumer rights, promoting the healthy development of the food industry, meeting legal and regulatory requirements, and responding to international trade challenges. Therefore, strengthening food testing is of great significance to maintaining social stability and promoting economic development.

[0003] Before food testing, the test samples need to be pretreated. Soft foods such as meat need to be ground using a blender, while hard foods such as wheat, corn, and rice need to be finely ground to obtain a smaller particle size for subsequent analysis and testing. Existing sample pretreatment devices for food testing include blenders, grinders and other equipment, which are of various types, but all have the problem of low functionality of a single device. In view of this, we propose a sample pretreatment device for food testing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a sample preprocessing device for food testing, so as to solve the technical problem of low function of the sample preprocessing device for food testing.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a sample pretreatment device for food testing, comprising a pretreatment barrel, a cover seat mechanism movably connected to the pretreatment barrel, a rotating mechanism arranged on the cover seat mechanism, and a grinding and crushing mechanism arranged at the output end of the rotating mechanism; The rotating mechanism has a concentric rotating state and an eccentric rotating state; the rotating mechanism includes a motor and a rotating assembly, the motor is fixedly mounted on the mounting cavity, the rotating assembly is mounted on the circular groove, the input end of the rotating assembly penetrates the mounting cavity and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, a support arm is fixedly mounted on the output end of the rotating assembly, a slide groove A is provided at the bottom end of the support arm, a slider X is slidably connected to the slide groove A, and a limiting hole is provided on the slide groove A relative to the output end of the rotating assembly; The grinding and crushing mechanism has a grinding form and a crushing form; the grinding and crushing mechanism includes a grinding column, the grinding column, the grinding column unit input end is connected to the output end of the rotating mechanism, the bottom end of the grinding column is annular and equidistant structure with a plurality of arc grooves, the arc groove is slidably connected with an adapting block, the adapting block is arranged with a crushing component, and the grinding column is arranged with an adjusting mechanism. The present invention can grind or crush food detection samples by setting the structural design of the rotating mechanism and the grinding and crushing mechanism, so that after the food detection sample is placed in the pretreatment barrel, if it is a hard food detection sample, the adjusting mechanism is adjusted to make the rotating mechanism rotate eccentrically, and the grinding and crushing mechanism is in a grinding form, so that the grinding and crushing mechanism grinds the hard food detection sample, and if it is a soft food detection sample, the adjusting mechanism is adjusted to make the rotating mechanism rotate concentrically, so that the grinding and crushing mechanism crushes the soft food detection sample, thereby improving the functionality of the food detection sample pretreatment device and solving the technical problem of low functionality of the food detection sample pretreatment device.

[0006] Preferably, the top of the pretreatment barrel is provided with a plurality of deep plug holes in a circular equidistant structure, the top of the pretreatment barrel is provided with a plurality of shallow plug holes in a circular equidistant structure, the plurality of deep plug holes and the plurality of shallow plug holes are arranged alternately, the surface of the pretreatment barrel is provided with a plurality of long marking grooves relative to the positions of the plurality of deep plug holes, and the surface of the pretreatment barrel is provided with a plurality of short marking grooves relative to the positions of the plurality of shallow plug holes.

[0007] Preferably, the cover seat mechanism includes a mounting block, a mounting cavity is provided in the mounting block, a circular groove is provided at the center position of the bottom end of the mounting block, a guide ring is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the mounting block, a chamfer is provided at the bottom end of the guide ring, a plurality of long plug-in columns are fixedly provided in a circular equidistant structure at the bottom end of the mounting block, and the plurality of long plug-in columns are respectively plug-matched with the plurality of deep plug-in holes or respectively plug-matched with the plurality of shallow plug-in holes, and a plurality of short plug-in columns are fixedly provided in a circular equidistant structure at the bottom end of the mounting block, and the plurality of short plug-in columns are respectively plug-matched with the plurality of shallow plug-in holes or respectively plug-matched with the plurality of deep plug-in holes.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating component includes a limit ring A, which is fixed on the circular groove. The limit ring A is rotatably connected to the limit ring B. The outer edge surface of the limit ring B is a ring-shaped structure with equal spacing and is provided with a plurality of forward limit grooves. The forward limit grooves are adapted to the shape of the inner edge surface of the limit ring A, and the depth of the forward limit grooves gradually increases in a clockwise direction. The gap between the forward limit groove and the limit ring A constitutes a forward limit cavity. The forward limit cavity is movably connected to a limit column A. The limit column A is adapted to the shape of the forward limit cavity, and the limit column A is elastically connected to the deep part of the forward limit groove through a spring A.

[0009] Preferably, a round block C is rotatably connected inside the limit ring B, and a plurality of reverse limit grooves are provided on the surface of the round block C in a ring-shaped equidistant structure. The reverse limit grooves are adapted to the shape of the inner edge surface of the limit ring B, and the gap between the reverse limit grooves and the limit ring B constitutes a reverse limit cavity. A limit column B is movably connected inside the reverse limit cavity, and the limit column B is adapted to the shape of the reverse limit cavity. The limit column B is elastically connected to the deep part of the reverse limit groove through a spring B. A connecting shaft is fixedly provided at the top end of the round block C, and the top end of the connecting shaft penetrates into the mounting cavity and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor.

[0010] Preferably, a sleeve is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the limit ring B, and the inner edge surface of the sleeve is symmetrically provided with two semi-threaded grooves, and the two semi-threaded grooves are connected to form a lifting guide groove. A connecting column is sleeved on the sleeve, and the bottom end of the connecting column is fixedly connected to the support arm. A ball block A is fixedly provided on the surface of the connecting column, and the ball block A is movably matched with the two semi-threaded grooves. A sliding groove B is provided at the top of the connecting column, and a sliding rod X is slidably connected to the sliding groove B, and the top end of the sliding rod X is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the round block C.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the grinding column is fixedly connected to the slider X, a circular cavity is provided at the top of the grinding column relative to the arc groove, the bottom of the circular cavity is an annular structure with equal spacing and a plurality of partial annular grooves are provided, a column groove A is provided at the top of the circular cavity, a slide groove C is provided at the bottom of the column groove A, and a column groove B is provided at the bottom of the grinding column.

[0012] Preferably, the adapter block is provided with two arc grooves in a symmetrical structure, a slider Y is slidably connected to the arc groove, the slider Y is fixedly connected to the arc groove, the adapter block is provided with a plurality of knife grooves in a linear and equidistant structure, the plurality of knife grooves are connected through a slide groove D, the slide groove D is provided with at least one spring groove, and a partial gear is fixedly provided on the top of the adapter block.

[0013] Preferably, the crushing assembly includes a plurality of agitating knives, the agitating knives are adapted to the shape of the adapting block, the plurality of agitating knives are movably arranged in a plurality of the knife grooves, the plurality of agitating knives are fixedly connected by a bar block, the bar block is slidably connected to the slide groove D, and the bar block is elastically connected to the spring groove by a spring C.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism comprises a plurality of arc bars and a gear ring arranged in an annular equidistant structure, the plurality of arc bars are movably arranged in the plurality of partial annular grooves, the bottom ends of the plurality of arc bars are fixedly connected by an adjustment block, an adjustment screw groove is provided at the bottom end of the adjustment block, the gear ring is arranged in the circular cavity, the top end of the gear ring is rotatably connected to the top end of the circular cavity by a rotating ring, the bottom end of the gear ring is fixedly connected to the arc bar, the gear ring is meshed with the partial gear, the limit plug post is movably arranged in the gear ring, and the limit plug post is connected to the column groove A The top of the limiting plug column passes through the gear ring, the rotating ring, the top of the grinding column and the slider X in sequence and is plugged into the limiting hole. The surface of the limiting plug column is an annular equidistant structure with a plurality of partial thread grooves, both ends of the partial thread grooves are connected with limiting arc grooves, and a ball block B is movably provided on the partial thread groove. The ball block B is movably matched with the two limiting arc grooves, and the ball block B is fixedly connected to the inner edge surface of the gear ring. A sliding rod Y is fixed at the bottom of the limiting plug column, and the sliding rod Y is slidably connected to the sliding groove C.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention provides a rotating mechanism and a grinding and crushing mechanism so that the food testing sample can be ground or crushed. After the food testing sample is placed in the pretreatment barrel, if it is a hard food testing sample, the adjusting mechanism is used to adjust the rotating mechanism to rotate eccentrically, and the grinding and crushing mechanism is in a grinding state, so that the grinding and crushing mechanism grinds the hard food testing sample. If it is a soft food testing sample, the adjusting mechanism is used to adjust the rotating mechanism to rotate concentrically, so that the grinding and crushing mechanism crushes the soft food testing sample. The functionality of the food testing sample pretreatment device is improved, and the technical problem of low functionality of the food testing sample pretreatment device is solved.

[0016] 2. The present invention arranges the pretreatment barrel and the cover seat mechanism so that when the long plug-in column is inserted into the deep plug-in hole, the short plug-in column is inserted into the shallow plug-in hole. At this time, the rotating mechanism and the grinding and crushing mechanism are closer to the bottom end of the pretreatment barrel. When the long plug-in column is inserted into the shallow plug-in hole, the short plug-in column is inserted into the deep plug-in hole. At this time, the rotating mechanism and the grinding and crushing mechanism are relatively far away from the bottom end of the pretreatment barrel. By setting the guide ring, the long identification groove and the short identification groove, the long plug-in column is assisted in the plugging with several deep plug-in holes or respectively plugged with several shallow plug-in holes, which is convenient for operation.

[0017] 3. The present invention also designs the adjustment mechanism structure so that the rotating adjustment block can simultaneously adjust the rotation state of the rotating mechanism and the shape of the grinding and crushing mechanism, which is convenient for adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the pretreatment barrel and the cover seat mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structural disassembly of the rotating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the rotating assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structural disassembly of the rotating assembly of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the support arm, the slide groove, the slider X and the limiting hole of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the grinding and crushing mechanism of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding column and the adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the regulating mechanism of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the adapter missing block and the crushing component of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the adapter missing block and the crushing component of the present invention; Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the motion state of some structures in the grinding form of the present invention; Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the motion state of some structures in the crushing state of the present invention; Fig.17 It is a schematic structural diagram of the grinding and crushing mechanism in the crushing form of the present invention.

[0019] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1. Pretreatment barrel; 2. Cover and seat mechanism; 3. Rotation mechanism; 4. Grinding and crushing mechanism; 5. Grinding column; 6. Crushing assembly; 7. Adjustment mechanism; 11. Deep plug hole; 12. Shallow plug hole; 13. Long identification slot; 14. Short identification slot; 21. Mounting block; 22. Mounting cavity; 23. Round groove; 24. Guide ring; 25. Long plug-in column; 26. Short plug-in column; 31. Motor; 32. Rotating assembly; 33. Support arm; 34. Slide A; 35. Slider X; 36. Limiting hole; 51. arc groove; 52. adapter missing block; 53. partial ring groove; 54. column groove A; 55. slide groove C; 56. column groove B; 61. stirring blade; 62. strip; 63. spring C; 70, limit arc groove; 71, arc bar; 72, adjustment block; 73, adjustment screw groove; 74, gear ring; 75, swivel; 76, limit plug column; 77, part of the screw groove; 78, ball block B; 79, slide bar Y; 70, limit arc groove; 320, connecting shaft; 321, limiting ring A; 322, limiting ring B; 323, forward limiting groove; 324, limiting column A; 325, spring A; 326, round block C; 327, reverse limiting groove; 328, limiting column B; 329, spring B; 301, sleeve; 302, half thread groove; 303, connecting column; 304, ball block A; 305, slide groove B; 306, slide rod X; 520, slide groove D; 521, arc groove; 522, slider Y; 523, knife groove; 524, spring groove; 525, part of the gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] like Figures 1 to 17 As shown, the present invention relates to a sample pretreatment device for food testing, comprising a pretreatment barrel 1, a cover seat mechanism 2 is movably connected to the pretreatment barrel 1, a rotating mechanism 3 is arranged on the cover seat mechanism 2, and a grinding and crushing mechanism 4 is arranged at the output end of the rotating mechanism 3; The rotating mechanism 3 has a concentric rotation state and an eccentric rotation state; the rotating mechanism 3 includes a motor 31 and a rotating component 32, the motor 31 is fixedly arranged on the mounting cavity 22, the rotating component 32 is arranged on the circular groove 23, the input end of the rotating component 32 penetrates the mounting cavity 22 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 31, and a support arm 33 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the rotating component 32, a slide groove A34 is provided at the bottom end of the support arm 33, a slider X35 is slidably connected to the slide groove A34, and a limiting hole 36 is provided on the slide groove A34 relative to the output end of the rotating component 32; the present invention uses the structural design of the rotating mechanism 3 so that when the output shaft of the motor 31 is controlled to rotate by an external control mechanism, if the slider X35 is at the end of the slide groove A34 away from the limiting hole 36, the slider X35 performs an eccentric rotation motion relative to the output shaft of the motor 31, and if the slider X35 is at the end of the slide groove A34 close to the limiting hole 36, the slider X35 is coaxial with the output shaft of the motor 31, and the slider X35 performs a concentric rotation motion.

[0021] The grinding and crushing mechanism 4 has a grinding form and a crushing form; the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 includes a grinding column 5, a grinding column 5, and the input end of the grinding column 5 unit is connected to the output end of the rotating mechanism 3. The bottom end of the grinding column 5 is an annular structure with equal spacing and is provided with a plurality of arc grooves 51. An adapting block 52 is slidably connected to the arc groove 51, and a crushing component 6 is arranged in the adapting block 52. An adjusting mechanism 7 is arranged in the grinding column 5.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of deep plug holes 11 are provided at a circular evenly spaced structure at the top of the pretreatment barrel 1, and a plurality of shallow plug holes 12 are provided at a circular evenly spaced structure at the top of the pretreatment barrel 1. The plurality of deep plug holes 11 and the plurality of shallow plug holes 12 are arranged alternately, and a plurality of long identification grooves 13 are provided on the surface of the pretreatment barrel 1 at positions corresponding to the plurality of deep plug holes 11, and a plurality of short identification grooves 14 are provided on the surface of the pretreatment barrel 1 at positions corresponding to the plurality of shallow plug holes 12.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present invention, the cover seat mechanism 2 includes a mounting block 21, a mounting cavity 22 is provided in the mounting block 21, a circular groove 23 is provided at the center position of the bottom end of the mounting block 21, a guide ring 24 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the mounting block 21, and a chamfer is provided at the bottom end of the guide ring 24. A plurality of long plug-in columns 25 are fixedly provided in an annular equidistant structure at the bottom end of the mounting block 21. The plurality of long plug-in columns 25 are respectively plug-matched with a plurality of deep plug-in holes 11 or respectively plug-matched with a plurality of shallow plug-in holes 12. A plurality of short plug-in columns 26 are fixedly provided in an annular equidistant structure at the bottom end of the mounting block 21. The plurality of short plug-in columns 26 are respectively plug-matched with a plurality of shallow plug-in holes 12 or respectively plug-matched with a plurality of deep plug-in holes 11. The present invention arranges the pretreatment barrel 1 and the cover seat mechanism 2 so that when the long plug-in column 25 is inserted into the deep plug-in hole 11, the short plug-in column 26 is inserted into the shallow plug-in hole 12. At this time, the rotating mechanism 3 and the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 are closer to the bottom end of the pretreatment barrel 1; when the long plug-in column 25 is inserted into the shallow plug-in hole 12, the short plug-in column 26 is inserted into the deep plug-in hole 11. At this time, the rotating mechanism 3 and the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 are relatively far away from the bottom end of the pretreatment barrel 1. The guide ring 24, the long identification groove 13 and the short identification groove 14 are arranged to assist the long plug-in column 25 in being plugged into a plurality of deep plug-in holes 11 or respectively plugged into a plurality of shallow plug-in holes 12, so as to facilitate operation.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present invention, the rotating component 32 includes a limit ring A321, which is fixed on the circular groove 23. The limit ring A321 is rotatably connected to the limit ring B322. The outer edge surface of the limit ring B322 is a ring-shaped structure with equal spacing and is provided with a plurality of forward limit grooves 323. The forward limit grooves 323 are adapted to the shape of the inner edge surface of the limit ring A321, and the depth of the forward limit grooves 323 gradually increases in a clockwise direction. The gap between the forward limit grooves 323 and the limit ring A321 constitutes a forward limit cavity. The forward limit cavity is movably connected to the limit column A324. The limit column A324 is adapted to the shape of the forward limit cavity, and the limit column A324 and the deep part of the forward limit groove 323 are connected through The spring A325 is elastically connected, and a round block C326 is rotatably connected in the limit ring B322. The surface of the round block C326 is annular and equidistantly spaced and has a plurality of reverse limit grooves 327. The reverse limit grooves 327 are adapted to the shape of the inner edge surface of the limit ring B322. The gap between the reverse limit grooves 327 and the limit ring B322 constitutes a reverse limit cavity. A limit column B328 is movably connected in the reverse limit cavity. The limit column B328 is adapted to the shape of the reverse limit cavity. The limit column B328 is elastically connected to the deep part of the reverse limit groove 327 through a spring B329. A connecting shaft 320 is fixedly arranged at the top of the round block C326. The top of the connecting shaft 320 penetrates into the installation cavity 22 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 31. A sleeve 301 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the limit ring B322. The inner edge surface of the sleeve 301 is symmetrically structured and has two half-thread grooves 302. The two half-thread grooves 302 are connected to form a lifting guide groove. A connecting column 303 is sleeved on the sleeve 301. The bottom end of the connecting column 303 is fixedly connected to the support arm 33. A ball block A304 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the connecting column 303. The ball block A304 is movably matched with the two half-thread grooves 302. A sliding groove B305 is arranged at the top end of the connecting column 303. A sliding rod X306 is slidably connected to the sliding groove B305. The top end of the sliding rod X306 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the round block C326. The present invention arranges the rotating assembly 32 so that in a stationary state, under the elastic force of the spring A325, the limit column A324 is located in the middle of the forward limit cavity, and under the elastic force of the spring B329, the limit column B328 is located in the middle of the reverse limit cavity, so that when the output shaft of the motor 31 is controlled to rotate in the forward direction by an external control mechanism, the output shaft of the motor 31 drives the connecting shaft 320, the round block C326 and the slide bar X306 to rotate in the forward direction, and under the friction resistance of the inner edge surface of the limit ring B322, the limit column B328 has a force to move toward the wide part of the reverse limit groove 327, which has little effect on the rotation of the round block C326. At the same time, the limit ring B322 has a tendency to rotate in the forward direction. However, if the limit ring B322 rotates in the forward direction, the limit column A324 has a tendency to move toward the narrow part of the forward limit groove 323. The limit ring A321 locks the limit ring B322 through the limit column A324, so that the limit ring B322 cannot rotate in the forward direction, so that the slide bar X306 drives the connecting column 303 to rotate relative to the sleeve 301, and the ball block A304 moves on the lifting guide groove formed by the two semi-thread grooves 302, so that the connecting column 303 performs a rotational lifting movement; when the output shaft of the motor 31 is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction by the external control mechanism, in accordance with the above principle, the output shaft of the motor 31 drives the connecting shaft 320, the round block C326 and the slide bar X306 to rotate in the opposite direction, and at the same time, the round block C326 drives the limit ring B322 to rotate synchronously through the limit column B328, so that the connecting column 303 and the sleeve 301 rotate at the same time, and the ball block A304 is relatively stationary in the lifting guide groove position, so that the connecting column 303 performs a rotational movement.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present invention, the top of the grinding column 5 is fixedly connected to the slider X35, a circular cavity 50 is provided at the top of the grinding column 5 relative to the arc groove 51, a plurality of partial annular grooves 53 are provided at the bottom of the circular cavity 50 in an annular structure with equal spacing, a column groove A54 is provided at the top of the circular cavity 50, a slide groove C55 is provided at the bottom of the column groove A54, and a column groove B56 is provided at the bottom of the grinding column 5. Through the above arrangement, the present invention enables the connecting column 303 to drive the grinding column 5 to synchronously rotate or rotate and lift.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present invention, the adapter block 52 has two arc grooves 521 in a symmetrical structure, a slider Y522 is slidably connected to the arc groove 521, the slider Y522 is fixedly connected to the arc groove 51, and the adapter block 52 has a plurality of knife grooves 523 in a linear and equidistant structure, the plurality of knife grooves 523 are connected through a slide groove D520, at least one spring groove 524 is provided on the slide groove D520, and a partial gear 525 is fixedly provided on the top of the adapter block 52.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present invention, the crushing assembly 6 includes a plurality of stirring knives 61, the stirring knives 61 are adapted in shape to the matching missing block 52, the plurality of stirring knives 61 are movably arranged in the plurality of knife grooves 523, the plurality of stirring knives 61 are fixedly connected by a bar 62, the bar 62 is slidably connected to the slide groove D520, and the bar 62 is elastically connected to the spring groove 524 by a spring C63. The present invention designs the structure of the matching missing block 52 and the crushing assembly 6, so that the crushing assembly 6 can move relative to the matching missing block 52 under an external force, and in a static state, under the elastic action of the spring C63, the crushing assembly 6 is located in the matching missing block 52.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment mechanism 7 includes a plurality of arc bars 71 and a gear ring 74 arranged in an annular structure with equal spacing. The plurality of arc bars 71 are movably arranged in the plurality of partial ring grooves 53, and the bottom ends of the plurality of arc bars 71 are fixedly connected by the adjustment block 72. The bottom end of the adjustment block 72 is provided with an adjustment screw groove 73. The gear ring 74 is arranged in the circular cavity 50. The top end of the gear ring 74 is rotatably connected to the top end of the circular cavity 50 through a rotating ring 75. The bottom end of the gear ring 74 is fixedly connected to the arc bar 71. The gear ring 74 is meshed with the partial gear 525. The limit plug post 76 is movably arranged in the gear ring 74. The limit plug post 76 and the post The groove A54 is movably engaged, and the top end of the limiting plug 76 passes through the gear ring 74, the rotating ring 75, the top end of the grinding column 5 and the slider X35 in sequence and is plugged into the limiting hole 36. The surface of the limiting plug 76 is an annular equidistant structure with a number of partial thread grooves 77, and both ends of the partial thread grooves 77 are connected to the limiting arc grooves 70. A ball block B78 is movably provided on the partial thread groove 77, and the ball block B78 is movably engaged with the two limiting arc grooves 70. The ball block B78 is fixedly connected to the inner edge surface of the gear ring 74. A slide rod Y79 is fixed at the bottom end of the limiting plug 76, and the slide rod Y79 is slidably connected to the slide groove C55. The present invention uses the above arrangement to insert the adjusting screw groove 73 with a hexagonal wrench, rotate the adjusting block 72, and the arc strip 71 rotates relative to the part of the annular groove 53 and drives the gear ring 74 to rotate, so that the gear ring 74 drives some parts of the gears 525 to rotate together, causing the adapter block 52 and the crushing component 6 to rotate as a whole, and the arc groove 521 slides relative to the slider Y522. Since the slide bar Y79 is slidably connected to the slide groove C55, the limiting plug 76 cannot rotate, so that the gear ring 74 rotates while driving the ball block B78 to move in the part of the thread groove 77 and the two limiting arc grooves 70. When the ball block B78 moves to the limiting arc groove 70 located above, the limiting plug 76 drops to disengage from the limiting hole 36, and at this time, the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 is formed as follows. Figure 2 In the grinding form shown, when the ball block B78 moves to the limiting arc groove 70 located below, the limiting plug 76 rises to be plugged into the limiting hole 36, and at this time, the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 forms a crushing form. The setting of the limiting arc groove 70 prevents the limiting plug 76 from falling due to its own gravity, thereby ensuring the stability of the crushing form.

[0029] A method for using a sample pretreatment device for food testing comprises the following steps: S1: Place the food testing sample outside the inner cavity of the pretreatment barrel 1, and reserve space in the center for the grinding and crushing mechanism 4; S2: adjusting the grinding or crushing form of the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 according to the type of the food test sample; S2, 1: When pre-treating the sample for hard food testing, the cover mechanism 2, the rotating mechanism 3 and the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 are placed horizontally; S2, 2: Use a hexagonal wrench to insert the adjusting screw groove 73, rotate the adjusting block 72, the arc strip 71 rotates relative to the part of the ring groove 53 and drives the gear ring 74 to rotate, so that the gear ring 74 drives some parts of the gears 525 to rotate together, causing the adapter block 52 and the crushing assembly 6 to rotate as a whole, and the arc groove 521 slides relative to the slider Y522. Since the slide bar Y79 is slidably connected with the slide groove C55, the limiting plug 76 cannot rotate, so that the gear ring 74 rotates while driving the ball block B78 to move in the part of the thread groove 77 and the two limiting arc grooves 70. When the ball block B78 moves to the limiting arc groove 70 located above, the limiting plug 76 drops to disengage from the limiting hole 36, and at this time, the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 is formed as shown in the figure. Figure 2 The grinding morphology shown; S2, 3: Assemble the pretreatment barrel 1, the cover seat mechanism 2, the rotating mechanism 3 and the grinding and crushing mechanism 4, and place the cover seat mechanism 2, the rotating mechanism 3 and the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 horizontally, so that under the factor of gravity, the slider X35 automatically slides to the end of the slide groove A34 close to the limit hole 36, and the guide ring 24 is inserted into the pretreatment barrel 1 to a certain depth by using the rounded corner at the bottom of the guide ring 24, and then rotated, and the long plug-in column 25 is inserted into the shallow plug-in hole 12 with reference to the long identification groove 13 and the short identification groove 14, and the short plug-in column 26 is inserted into the deep plug-in hole 11; S2, 4: Grinding pretreatment of hard food testing samples: The output shaft of the motor 31 is controlled to rotate in reverse through an external control mechanism, so that the output shaft of the motor 31 drives the connecting shaft 320, the round block C326 and the slide bar X306 to rotate in reverse. At the same time, the round block C326 drives the limiting ring B322 to rotate synchronously through the limiting column B328, so that the connecting column 303 and the sleeve 301 rotate at the same time, and the ball block A304 is relatively stationary in the lifting guide groove position, so that the connecting column 303 performs a rotational motion to drive the grinding column 5 to rotate synchronously. Under the action of centrifugal force, the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 drives the slider X35 to slide to the end of the slide groove A34 away from the limiting hole 36, and the slider X35 drives the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 to perform an eccentric rotational motion relative to the output shaft of the motor 31, so that the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 grinds the hard food testing samples in the pretreatment barrel 1; S2, 5: When the soft food test sample is pre-processed, the ball block B78 is adjusted so that it moves to the limit arc groove 70 located below, and the limit plug 76 rises to be plugged into the limit hole 36. At this time, the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 forms a crushing shape. The setting of the limit arc groove 70 prevents the limit plug 76 from falling due to its own gravity, thereby ensuring the stability of the crushing shape. S2, 6: Grinding pretreatment of samples for soft food testing: The output shaft of the motor 31 is controlled to rotate in the forward direction by an external control mechanism. The output shaft of the motor 31 drives the connecting shaft 320, the round block C326 and the slide bar X306 to rotate in the forward direction. Under the friction resistance of the inner edge surface of the limit ring B322, the limit column B328 has a force to move toward the wide part of the reverse limit groove 327, which has little effect on the rotation of the round block C326. At the same time, the limit ring B322 has a tendency to rotate in the forward direction. However, if the limit ring B322 rotates in the forward direction, the limit column A324 has a force to move toward the forward limit groove. The tendency of the narrow part 323 to move makes the limit ring A321 lock the limit ring B322 through the limit column A324, so that the limit ring B322 cannot rotate in the forward direction, so that the slide bar X306 drives the connecting column 303 to rotate relative to the sleeve 301, so that the ball block A304 moves on the lifting guide groove formed by the connection of the two half-thread grooves 302, so that the connecting column 303 performs a rotation and lifting movement, driving the grinding column 5 to rotate synchronously. Under the action of centrifugal force, the crushing component 6 can move relative to the matching missing block 52, the spring C63 is compressed, and the grinding and crushing mechanism 4 is formed as shown in the following figure. Fig.17 The crushing mode shown is to grind the soft food testing sample in the pretreatment barrel 1 .

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention disclose preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. A person skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. However, as long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sample pretreatment device for food testing, characterized in that: It comprises a pretreatment barrel (1), the pretreatment barrel (1) is movably connected to a cover seat mechanism (2), a rotating mechanism (3) is arranged on the cover seat mechanism (2), and a grinding and crushing mechanism (4) is arranged at the output end of the rotating mechanism (3); The cover seat mechanism (2) comprises a mounting block (21), a mounting cavity (22) is provided in the mounting block (21), and a circular groove (23) is provided at the center of the bottom end of the mounting block (21); The rotating mechanism (3) has a concentric rotating state and an eccentric rotating state; the rotating mechanism (3) comprises a motor (31) and a rotating assembly (32); the motor (31) is fixedly mounted on the mounting cavity (22); the rotating assembly (32) is mounted on the circular groove (23); the input end of the rotating assembly (32) penetrates into the mounting cavity (22) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (31); a support arm (33) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the rotating assembly (32); a slide groove A (34) is provided at the bottom end of the support arm (33); a slider X (35) is slidably connected to the slide groove A (34); and a limiting hole (36) is provided on the slide groove A (34) relative to the output end of the rotating assembly (32); The grinding and crushing mechanism (4) has a grinding form and a crushing form; the grinding and crushing mechanism (4) comprises a grinding column (5), the grinding column (5), the grinding column (5) unit input end is connected to the output end of the rotating mechanism (3), the bottom end of the grinding column (5) is annular and equidistant structure with a plurality of arc grooves (51), the arc groove (51) is slidably connected with an adapting block (52), a crushing component (6) is arranged in the adapting block (52), and an adjusting mechanism (7) is arranged in the grinding column (5).

2. The food testing sample pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the pretreatment barrel (1) is provided with a plurality of deep plug holes (11) in an annular structure with equal spacing, and the top of the pretreatment barrel (1) is provided with a plurality of shallow plug holes (12) in an annular structure with equal spacing. The plurality of deep plug holes (11) and the plurality of shallow plug holes (12) are arranged alternately, and the surface of the pretreatment barrel (1) is provided with a plurality of long identification grooves (13) at positions corresponding to the plurality of deep plug holes (11), and the surface of the pretreatment barrel (1) is provided with a plurality of short identification grooves (14) at positions corresponding to the plurality of shallow plug holes (12).

3. The food testing sample pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide ring (24) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the mounting block (21), and a chamfered corner is formed at the bottom end of the guide ring (24). A plurality of long plug-in columns (25) are fixedly provided at the bottom end of the mounting block (21) in an annular structure with equal spacing, and the plurality of long plug-in columns (25) are respectively plug-matched with the plurality of deep plug-in holes (11) or respectively plug-matched with the plurality of shallow plug-in holes (12). A plurality of short plug-in columns (26) are fixedly provided at the bottom end of the mounting block (21) in an annular structure with equal spacing, and the plurality of short plug-in columns (26) are respectively plug-matched with the plurality of shallow plug-in holes (12) or respectively plug-matched with the plurality of deep plug-in holes (11).

4. The food testing sample pretreatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating assembly (32) comprises a limit ring A (321), the limit ring A (321) being fixedly mounted on the circular groove (23), the limit ring A (321) being rotatably connected to a limit ring B (322), the outer edge surface of the limit ring B (322) being in a circular structure with equal spacing and having a plurality of forward limit grooves (323), the forward limit grooves (323) being adapted to the shape of the inner edge surface of the limit ring A (321), and the The depth of the forward limiting groove (323) gradually increases in the clockwise direction. The gap between the forward limiting groove (323) and the limiting ring A (321) forms a forward limiting cavity. The forward limiting cavity is movably connected to a limiting column A (324). The limiting column A (324) is adapted in shape to the forward limiting cavity. The limiting column A (324) is elastically connected to the deep part of the forward limiting groove (323) via a spring A (325).

5. The food testing sample pretreatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A round block C (326) is rotatably connected inside the limit ring B (322); a surface of the round block C (326) is provided with a plurality of reverse limit grooves (327) in an annular structure with equal spacing; the reverse limit grooves (327) are adapted to the shape of the inner edge surface of the limit ring B (322); a gap between the reverse limit grooves (327) and the limit ring B (322) forms a reverse limit cavity; a limit column B (328) is movably connected inside the reverse limit cavity; the limit column B (328) is adapted to the shape of the reverse limit cavity; the limit column B (328) is elastically connected to the deep part of the reverse limit groove (327) via a spring B (329); a connecting shaft (320) is fixedly provided at the top end of the round block C (326); the top end of the connecting shaft (320) penetrates into the mounting cavity (22) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (31).

6. The sample pretreatment device for food testing according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sleeve (301) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the limit ring B (322); the inner edge surface of the sleeve (301) is symmetrically provided with two semi-thread grooves (302); the two semi-thread grooves (302) are connected to form a lifting guide groove; a connecting column (303) is sleeved on the sleeve (301); the bottom end of the connecting column (303) is fixedly connected to the support arm (33); a ball block A (304) is fixedly provided on the surface of the connecting column (303); the ball block A (304) is movably matched with the two semi-thread grooves (302); a sliding groove B (305) is provided at the top end of the connecting column (303); a sliding rod X (306) is slidably connected to the sliding groove B (305); the top end of the sliding rod X (306) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the round block C (326).

7. The sample pretreatment device for food testing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top end of the grinding column (5) is fixedly connected to the slider X (35); a circular cavity (50) is provided at the top of the grinding column (5) at a position relative to the arc groove (51); the bottom end of the circular cavity (50) is provided with a plurality of partial annular grooves (53) in an annular structure with equal spacing; a column groove A (54) is provided at the top end of the circular cavity (50); a slide groove C (55) is provided at the bottom end of the column groove A (54); and a column groove B (56) is provided at the bottom end of the grinding column (5).

8. The sample pretreatment device for food testing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adapting block (52) is provided with two arc grooves (521) in a symmetrical structure, a slider Y (522) is slidably connected to the arc groove (521), the slider Y (522) is fixedly connected to the arc groove (51), a plurality of knife grooves (523) are provided in a linear and equidistant structure on the adapting block (52), the plurality of knife grooves (523) are connected via a slide groove D (520), the slide groove D (520) is provided with at least one spring groove (524), and a partial gear (525) is fixedly provided at the top end of the adapting block (52).

9. The sample pretreatment device for food testing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The blending assembly (6) comprises a plurality of blending knives (61), the blending knives (61) being adapted in shape to the adapting missing block (52), the plurality of blending knives (61) being movably arranged in the plurality of knife grooves (523), the plurality of blending knives (61) being fixedly connected via a bar (62), the bar (62) being slidably connected to the slide groove D (520), and the bar (62) being elastically connected to the spring groove (524) via a spring C (63).

10. The sample pretreatment device for food testing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (7) comprises a plurality of arc bars (71) arranged in an annular structure with equal spacing, a toothed ring (74) and a limiting plug post (76); the plurality of arc bars (71) are respectively movably arranged in the plurality of partial annular grooves (53); the bottom ends of the plurality of arc bars (71) are fixedly connected via an adjustment block (72); an adjustment screw groove (73) is provided at the bottom end of the adjustment block (72); the toothed ring (74) is arranged in the circular cavity (50); the top end of the toothed ring (74) is rotatably connected to the top end of the circular cavity (50) via a rotating ring (75); the bottom end of the toothed ring (74) is fixedly connected to the arc bar (71); the toothed ring (74) is meshingly connected to the partial gear (525); the limiting plug post (76) is movably arranged in the toothed ring (74); the limiting plug post (76) is meshingly connected to the partial gear (525); The column groove A (54) is movably matched, the top end of the limiting plug column (76) passes through the gear ring (74), the rotating ring (75), the top end of the grinding column (5) and the slider X (35) in sequence and is plugged into the limiting hole (36). The surface of the limiting plug column (76) is annular and equidistantly spaced and has a plurality of partial thread grooves (77). Both ends of the partial thread grooves (77) are connected to limit arc grooves (70). A ball block B (78) is movably provided on the partial thread groove (77). The ball block B (78) is movably matched with the two limit arc grooves (70). The ball block B (78) is fixedly connected to the inner edge surface of the gear ring (74). A slide rod Y (79) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the limiting plug column (76). The slide rod Y (79) is slidably connected to the slide groove C (55).

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